IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS SKYHOOK WIRELESS, INC., Plaintiff and Counterclaim-Defendant, v. GOOGLE INC., Defendant and Counterclaimant. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Case No. 1:10-cv-11571-RWZ JOINT CLAIM CONSTRUCTION AND PRE-HEARING STATEMENT Pursuant to Patent LR 16.6, Skyhook Wireless, Inc. ("Skyhook") and Google Inc. ("Google") hereby submit this Joint Claim Construction and Pre-Hearing Statement. I. Constructions On Which The Parties Agree The parties have stipulated to the proper construction of nine claim terms. The parties’ agreed constructions are set forth below. Term "Wi-Fi access points" Claims '245/1,2 '694/1 Agreed Construction Devices operating consistent with the IEEE 802.11 standard to provide network connectivity. '988/1,3 '897/1,3,4 "triggering the Wi'245/1 Causing the Wi-Fi device to Fi device to transmit actively search for Wi-Fi access a request to all Wipoints. The Wi-Fi device Fi access points transmits a request to all Wi-Fi within range of the access points within range of the Wi-Fi device" Wi-Fi device to identify themselves. 2505133 A/74542603.4 Court's Construction Term "a radius on the order of tens of miles" "identification information for a corresponding WiFi access point" "WiFi access points having a recorded location within a predefined threshold distance of the reference point" "WiFi access points having a recorded location in excess of the predefined threshold distance of the reference point" "a simple signal strength weighted average model" Claims '694/1 "a triangulation technique" '245/8 "a weighted centroid position" '988/3 2505133 A/74542603.4 '988/1 '694/1 '988/1 Agreed Construction A radius of ten miles or more but fewer than a hundred miles. An identifier (e.g., a MAC address) for a corresponding WiFi access point. '897/3 WiFi access points having a recorded location that is within a certain distance of the reference point. That distance was previously defined. '897/3 WiFi access points having a recorded location that exceeds a certain distance from the reference point. That distance was previously defined. '245/6 An algorithm that includes taking a simple average of the calculated locations of identified Wi-Fi access points weighted according to a function of their received signal strengths. An algorithm that includes (1) estimating the distances from the user device to at least two identified Wi-Fi access points using their received signal strengths and (2) determining a location based on the estimated distances. A position determined by weighted averaging of position information. -2- Court's Construction II. Disputed Claim Terms The parties present twelve claim terms, or related groups of claim terms, for construction. Listed below are the terms to be construed, prioritized in the order of importance, and a joint claim construction chart, setting out each individual claim term: 1) the “location” terms (including “calculated position information” for the Wi-Fi access point, “calculated positions of the Wi-Fi access points,” “calculated locations,” and “recorded location information”); 2) “target area”; 3) “arterial bias” and “avoid(s) arterial bias”; 4) “reference symmetry,” and “wherein the database records for substantially all Wi-Fi access points in the target area provide reference symmetry within the target area”; 5) “recording multiple readings of the Wi-Fi access point at different locations around the Wi-Fi access point so that the multiple readings have reference symmetry relative to other Wi-Fi access points in the target area and so that the calculation of the position of the Wi-Fi access point avoids arterial bias in the calculated position information” and “recording multiple readings of the Wi-Fi access point at different locations around the Wi-Fi access point so that the multiple readings avoid arterial bias in the calculated position information of the Wi-Fi access point”; 6) “substantially all Wi-Fi access points” and “for substantially all Wi-Fi access points in the target area”; 7) “said chosen algorithm being suited for the number of identified Wi-Fi access points”; 8) “providing a reference database of calculated locations of Wi-Fi access points in a target area”; 2505133 A/74542603.4 -3- 9) the “logic” terms; 10) “rules” and “predefined rules”; 11) “in response to a user application request to determine a location of a user-device having a Wi-Fi radio” and “a user-device having a Wi-Fi radio”; and 12) “a WiFi-enabled device communicating with WiFi access points within range of the WiFi-enabled device so that observed WiFi access points identify themselves.” Term "calculated locations" 2505133 A/74542603.4 Skyhook’s Construction '245/1,2 Estimated physical locations of Wi-Fi access points calculated using characteristics of signals transmitted by such Wi-Fi access points. Claims Google’s Construction The physical location (i.e., latitude and longitude) attributed to each Wi-Fi access point determined mathematically from readings recorded along a shortest planned route throughout all Support: Ex. 1 ('245 drivable roads in the Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, Figs. 3-6, 9, target area (i.e., by 4:21-23, 5:1-10, 5:15- following the Chinese 17, 5:66-6:1, 7:41-49, Postman routing algorithm). The 8:58-66, 12:3-14, "calculated position 12:22-13:28; Ex. 3 information" cannot ('988 Patent) Fig. 4, 5:1-3, 8:28-34, 8:41- be based on 44; Ex. 14 (Kotz randomly, or nonDecl.) at ¶¶ 130-33; systematically, collected readings of Ex. 15 (Acampora Wi-Fi access points. Dep. Tr.) 110:2-11, 191:11-192:3, 224:24-225:19. Support: Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, GSHFED000020012, -4- Court's Construction Term 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims Skyhook’s Construction -5- Google’s Construction GSHFED0000234; Ex. 24 (‘245 Prosecution History) GSHFED000008990; Ex. 25 (‘694 Prosecution History) GSHFED0000287, GSHFED0000295299; Ex. 26 (‘897 Prosecution History) GSHFED000039495; Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent) 3:12-26, 3:594:9, 7:52-8:59, 9:621, 9:57-10:4, 11:6713:30, Fig. 3, 5 & 9 and corresponding disclosures in the ‘694 patent; Ex. 1 (‘245 Patent) 3:13-15, 4:21-23, 4:30-31, 4:36-40, 4:41-45; “calculated position information” in the ‘988 and ‘694 patents, “calculated positions of the Wi-Fi access points” in the ‘988 patent claim 3, “calculated locations” in the ‘245 patent claims 1 and 2, as well as “recorded location information” in the ‘897 patent claims 1 and 3, respectively; Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 87 [sub-page 781], 92 [sub-page 823], 132 [sub-page 166], 200 [sub-page 777], 1991 [sub-pages 456-457], Court's Construction Term "calculated position information" 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims '694/1 '988/1 Skyhook’s Construction Google’s Construction 2011 [sub-pages 640642]; Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 452, 543 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 379, 455 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 472, 836 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 42, 5657 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 29 (The MerriamWebster Dictionary) at 48 (6th ed. 2004); Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 36 (8th ed. 2003). Estimated physical The physical location position of the (i.e., latitude and observed Wi-Fi longitude) attributed access point to each Wi-Fi access calculated using point determined characteristics of its mathematically from transmitted signal. readings recorded along a shortest Support: Ex. 2 ('694 planned route Patent) see, e.g., throughout all Abstract, Figs. 4, 9, drivable roads in the 4:2-10, 4:34-35, 5:6- target area (i.e., by 26, 6:58-7:4, 8:16-24, following the Chinese 11:18-42, 11:51Postman routing 12:54; Ex. 3 ('988 algorithm). The Patent) see, e.g., "calculated position -6- Court's Construction Term 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims Skyhook’s Construction Abstract, Figs. 4, 9, 4:31-40, 5:1-3, 5:1415, 5:53-6:7, 7:39-52, 8:28-34, 8:41-44, 8:63-9:4, 11:6412:20, 12:29-13:31; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 130-33; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 110:2-11, 191:11192:3, 224:24225:19. -7- Google’s Construction information" cannot be based on randomly, or nonsystematically, collected readings of Wi-Fi access points. Support: Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, GSHFED000020012, GSHFED0000234; Ex. 24 (‘245 Prosecution History) GSHFED000008990; Ex. 25 (‘694 Prosecution History) GSHFED0000287, GSHFED0000295299; Ex. 26 (‘897 Prosecution History) GSHFED000039495; Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent) 3:12-26, 3:594:9, 7:52-8:59, 9:621, 9:57-10:4, 11:6713:30, Fig. 3, 5 & 9 and corresponding disclosures in the ‘694 patent; Ex. 1 (‘245 Patent) 3:13-15, 4:21-23, 4:30-31, 4:36-40, 4:41-45; “calculated positions of the Wi-Fi access points” in the ‘988 patent claim 3, “calculated locations” in the ‘245 patent claims 1 and 2, as Court's Construction Term "calculated positions of the Wi-Fi access points" 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims '988/3 Skyhook’s Construction Estimated physical positions of the observed Wi-Fi access points -8- Google’s Construction well as “recorded location information” in the ‘897 patent claims 1 and 3, respectively; Ex. 27. (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 87 [sub-page 781], 92 [sub-page 823], 132 [sub-page 166], 200 [sub-page 777], 1991 [sub-pages 456-457], 2011 [sub-pages 640642]; Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 452, 543 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 379, 455 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 472, 836 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 42, 5657 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 29 (The MerriamWebster Dictionary) at 48 (6th ed. 2004); Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 36 (8th ed. 2003). The physical location (i.e., latitude and longitude) attributed to each Wi-Fi access Court's Construction Term 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims Skyhook’s Construction calculated using characteristics of their transmitted signals. Google’s Construction point determined mathematically from readings recorded along a shortest planned route See "Wi-Fi access throughout all points." drivable roads in the target area (i.e., by Support: Ex. 3 ('988 following the Chinese Patent) see, e.g., Postman routing Abstract, Figs. 4, 9, algorithm). The 4:50-57, 5:1-3, 5:14- "calculated position 15, 5:66-6:1, 7:39-52, information" cannot 8:28-34, 8:41-44, be based on 8:63-9:4, 11:64randomly, or non12:20, 12:29-13:31; systematically, Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at collected readings of ¶¶ 130-33; Ex. 15 Wi-Fi access points. (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 110:2-11, 191:11Support: Ex. 23 192:3, 224:24(‘988 Prosecution 225:19. History) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, GSHFED000020012, GSHFED0000234; Ex. 24 (‘245 Prosecution History) GSHFED000008990; Ex. 25 (‘694 Prosecution History) GSHFED0000287, GSHFED_0000295299; Ex. 26 (‘897 Prosecution History) GSHFED000039495; Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent) 3:12-26, 3:594:9, 7:52-8:59, 9:621, 9:57-10:4, 11:6713:30, Fig. 3, 5 & 9 -9- Court's Construction Term 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims Skyhook’s Construction - 10 - Google’s Construction and corresponding disclosures in the ‘694 patent; Ex. 1 (‘245 Patent) 3:13-15, 4:21-23, 4:30-31, 4:36-40, 4:41-45; “calculated position information” in claim 1 of the ‘988 and ‘694 patents, “calculated locations” in the ‘245 patent claims 1 and 2, as well as “recorded location information” in the ‘897 patent claims 1 and 3, respectively; Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 87 [sub-page 781], 92 [sub-page 823], 132 [sub-page 166], 200 [sub-page 777], 1991 [sub-pages 456-457], 2011 [sub-pages 640642]; Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 452, 543 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 379, 455 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 472, 836 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 42, 5657 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 29 (The MerriamWebster Dictionary) 48 (6th ed. 2004); Ex. 30 (The Compact Court's Construction Term "recorded location information" Google’s Construction Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 36 (8th ed. 2003). The physical location '897/1,3 Estimated physical location of Wi-Fi (i.e., latitude and longitude) attributed access points to each Wi-Fi access calculated using point determined characteristics of signals transmitted by mathematically from readings recorded such Wi-Fi access along a shortest points. planned route throughout all Support: Ex. 4 ('897 drivable roads in the Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, Fig. 1, 4:50- target area (i.e., by 58, 4:63-5:4, 5:12-13, following the Chinese Postman routing 7:30-34; Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) Fig. 4, 5:1-3, algorithm). The 8:28-34, 8:41-44; Ex. "calculated position information" cannot 14 (Kotz Decl.) at be based on ¶¶ 130-33; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) randomly, or nonsystematically, 110:2-11, 191:11collected readings of 192:3, 224:24Wi-Fi access points. 225:19. Claims Skyhook’s Construction Support: Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, GSHFED000020012, GSHFED0000234; Ex. 24 (‘245 Prosecution History) GSHFED000008990; Ex. 25 (‘694 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 11 - Court's Construction Term 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims Skyhook’s Construction - 12 - Google’s Construction Prosecution History) GSHFED0000287, GSHFED0000295299; Ex. 26 (‘897 Prosecution History) GSHFED000039495; Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent) 3:12-26, 3:594:9, 7:52-8:59, 9:621, 9:57-10:4, 11:6713:30, Fig. 3, 5 & 9 and corresponding disclosures in the ‘694 patent; Ex. 1 (‘245 Patent) 3:13-15, 4:21-23, 4:30-31, 4:36-40, 4:41-45; “calculated position information” in claim 1 of the ‘988 and ‘694 patents, “calculated positions of the Wi-Fi access points” in the ‘988 patent claim 3, “calculated locations” in the ‘245 patent claims 1 and 2; Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 87 [sub-page 781], 92 [sub-page 823], 132 [sub-page 166], 200 [sub-page 777], 1991 [sub-pages 456-457], 2011 [sub-pages 640642]; Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 452, 543 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 379, 455 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Court's Construction Term "target area" 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims Skyhook’s Construction '245/1 A targeted '694/1,2 geographic area. '988/1 Support: Ex. 1 ('245 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, 4:21-23, 5:29-31, 7:36-42; Ex. 2 ('694 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, 3:664:2, 4:47-49, 6:58-63; Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, Fig. 4, 4:28-31, 5:13, 5:27-29, 7:39-44, 8:28-34, 8:41-44; Ex. 5 (Compact Oxford English Dictionary (2d ed. 1991)) at 2011, subpage 642; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 130-33; Ex. 15 - 13 - Google’s Construction Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 472, 836 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 42, 5657 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 29 (The MerriamWebster Dictionary) at 48 (6th ed. 2004); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 689 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 36 (8th ed. 2003). A pre-identified geographic region throughout which a shortest route is planned along all drivable roads. Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent) Abstract, claim 1, 4:28-40, 5:27-37, 7:37-44, 8:28-59 and corresponding disclosures in the ‘694, and ‘245 patents; Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, Court's Construction Term "arterial bias" 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims '694/1 '988/1 Skyhook’s Construction (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 110:2-11, 224:24225:19. Google’s Construction GSHFED000020012; Ex. 36 (U.S. Patent 7,403,762) GSHFED_0001671; Ex. 37 (US2008/0139217 Patent Application Pub.) GSHFED_000136061; Ex. 38 (U.S. Patent No. 7,818,017) 14:25-16:7; Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 87 [sub-page 781], 1501 [sub-pages 107108], 2011 [sub-pages 640-642]; Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 42 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 36 (8th ed. 2003). The deviation of the The deviation of the calculated position calculated position information for a Wi- information for a WiFi access point Fi access point towards heavily toward heavily trafficked roads and trafficked roads and away from the actual away from the actual geographic location geographic location of the access point. of the access point due to the tendency of Support: Ex. 2 ('694 random scanning to Patent) see, e.g., result in a greater number of scans from Abstract, Figs. 3, 4, 11, 2:52-57, 4:2-10, heavily trafficked 4:19-23, 4:38-40, 7:7- roads. 8:12, 8:22-41, 9:3-23; Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, Patent), Abstract, 3:12-26, 4:4-9, 4:28Figs. 3, 4, 11, 3:12- - 14 - Court's Construction Term "avoid(s) arterial bias" Claims Skyhook’s Construction 18, 4:31-40, 4:66-5:3, 5:17-20, 7:55-8:59, 9:2-21, 9:51-10:4; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 191:11192:3. '694/1 '988/1 Reduce(s) the effects of arterial bias. See "arterial bias." Support: Ex. 2 ('694 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 15 - Google’s Construction 46, 5:24-37, 7:348:59, 9:2-10, 9:14-19, 9:57-61, 9:64-10:4, Figs. 1-5, 8 & 11 and corresponding disclosures in the ‘694 patent; Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, GSHFED000020012, (‘694 Prosecution History) GSHFED_0000295299; Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 132 [sub-page 166], 200 [sub-page 777], 1718 [sub-page 33], 1991 [sub-pages 456457]; Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 42, 5657, 474 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 448 (8th ed. 2003). Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because it does not apprise one skilled in the art of the bounds of the claim. Court's Construction Term "reference symmetry" 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims '694/1 '988/1 Skyhook’s Construction Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, Figs. 3, 4, 11, 2:52-57, 4:2-10, 4:19-23, 4:38-40, 7:78:12, 8:22-41, 9:3-23; Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, Figs. 3, 4, 11, 3:1218, 4:31-40, 4:66-5:3, 5:17-20, 7:55-8:59, 9:2-21, 9:51-10:4; Ex. 11 (MerriamWebster's Collegiate Dictionary (10th ed. 2001)) at 80; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 119-129; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 191:11-192:3. From the perspective of a user whose - 16 - Google’s Construction In the alternative, “eliminates arterial bias.” Support: Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, GSHFED000020012; Ex. 25 (‘694 Prosecution History) GSHFED0000295299; Ex. 29 (The Merriam-Webster Dictionary 6th ed. 2004) GSHFED_0004600; Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent), 3:12-26, 4:4-9, 4:2846, 5:24-37, 7:348:59, 9:2-10, 9:14-19, 9:57-61, 9:64-10:4, Figs. 1-5, 8 & 11, claim 1; Ex. 39 (U.S. Patent App. Pub. 2009/0075672), Ex. 40 (U.S. Patent No. 7,493,127); Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 92 [sub-page 823], 132 [sub-page 166]; Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 56-57 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 29 (The Merriam-Webster Dictionary) 48 (6th ed. 2004). Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 Court's Construction Term Claims Skyhook’s Construction location is being calculated, the calculated positions of observed Wi-Fi access points in range of the user tend to be distributed around the user with reduced arterial bias. Support: Ex. 2 ('694 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, Figs. 5, 6, 11, 4:2-10, 4:24-28, 4:38-40, 9:3-23; Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, Figs. 5, 6, 11, 4:4-9; 4:31-40, 5:4-8, 5:17-20, 5:3337; 9:51-10:4; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 95118; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) at 170:15-171:5, 168:11-18, 167:1421; 173:2-179:11, 181:21-182:13; Ex. 22 (Acampora Dep. Ex. 1) at Figs. 3,4. 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 17 - Google’s Construction because it does not apprise one skilled in the art of the bounds of the claim. In the alternative, “the balanced or symmetrical distribution of numerous access points on all sides of the user device and within range of the user device's WiFi radio.” Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent), claim 1, 2:5357, 4:38, 5:4-8, 9:219, 9:49-10:4, Figs. 2-6, 8, 11 and corresponding disclosures in the ‘694 patent; Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, GSHFED000020012; Ex. 25 (‘694 Prosecution History) GSHFED_0000295299; Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 87 [sub-page 781], 200 [sub-page 777], 1991 [sub-pages 456457]; Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at Court's Construction Term "wherein the database records for substantially all Wi-Fi access points in the target area provide reference symmetry within the target area" 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims '694/1 Skyhook’s Construction Google’s Construction 133 (3rd ed. 2005); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 36 (8th ed. 2003). Wherein the database Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 records for because it does not substantially all WiFi access points in the apprise one skilled in the art of the bounds target area are of the claim, and in distributed such that particular fails to when the database apprise the person of records are used to ordinary skill in the calculate a user's art as to what it location, the means to “provide calculated positions of the observed Wi-Fi reference symmetry access points in range within the target of the user tend to be area.” distributed around the user with reduced Support: Ex. 2 (‘694 levels of arterial bias. Patent), claim 1, 2:2529, 4:8-9, 4:27-28, See "substantially all 5:38-49, 7:32-35, Wi-Fi access points," 7:62-66, 9:3-23, Fig. "target area," "Wi-Fi 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 11; Ex. access points," and 23 (‘988 Prosecution "reference History) symmetry." GSHFED000016972, Support: Ex. 2 ('694 GSHFED0000181Patent) see, e.g., 91, Abstract, Figs. 3-6, GSHFED000020011, 4:2-10, 4:19-28, 12; Ex. 41 (David 4:38-40, 7:47-8:12, Nichols & Nichols 9:3-23; Ex. 3 ('988 Lures v. Strike King Patent) at 4:4-9, 5:33- Lure Co., 2000 U.S. 37; Ex. 13 ('988 Dist. LEXIS 15781), patent prosecution 31-32 (N.D. Tex. Oct. history) Reply to 25, 2000); Ex. 27 Non-Final Office (The Compact Oxford Action of Nov. 30, English Dictionary) at 2007, p. 8; Ex. 14 389 [sub-page 261], - 18 - Court's Construction Term Claims "recording '694/1 multiple readings of the Wi-Fi access point at different locations around the Wi-Fi access point so that the multiple readings avoid arterial bias in the calculated position information of the Wi-Fi access point" Skyhook’s Construction (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 95118; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) at 170:15-171:5, 168:11-18, 167:1421; 173:2-179:11, 181:21-182:13; Ex. 22 (Acampora Dep. Ex. 1) at Figs. 3,4. Multiple scans of a Wi-Fi access point are recorded. The scans are taken at different locations around the Wi-Fi access point. The multiple readings avoid arterial bias in the calculated position information of the Wi-Fi access point. See "Wi-Fi access points," "avoid arterial bias," and "calculated position information." Support: Ex. 2 ('694 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, Figs. 3-6, 11, 4:2-10, 4:19-28, 4:38-40, 7:47-8:12, 8:22-41, 9:3-23; Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) Fig. 4, 5:1-3, 8:28-34, 8:4144; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 130-33; 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 19 - Google’s Construction 1991 [sub-pages 456457], 2011 [sub-pages 640-642]; Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 141 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 39-40, 232, 689, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 123 (8th ed. 2003). Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because it does not apprise one skilled in the art of the bounds of the claim, and in particular impermissibly recites a method step in an apparatus claim. In the alternative, “storing Wi-Fi access point signals received while scanning along a shortest planned route along each drivable road throughout each target area, e.g., Chinese Postman and not using random scanning or collection methods to avoid the tendency of random scanning to result in a greater number of scans of the Wi-Fi access point from Court's Construction Term 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims Skyhook’s Construction Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 110:2-11, 191:11-192:3, 224:24-225:19. - 20 - Google’s Construction heavily trafficked roads.” Support: Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, GSHFED000020012; Ex. 25 (‘694 Prosecution History) GSHFED0000287, GSHFED000029798; Ex. 3 (‘988 patent) 7:52-8:59, 9:14-19, 9:64-10:4, Figs. 4 & 11, claim 1; Ex. 39 (U.S. Patent App. Pub. 2009/0075672); Ex. 40 (U.S. Patent No. 7,493,127); Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 87 [sub-page 781], 200 [sub-page 777], 1991 [sub-pages 456457] , 2011 [subpages 640-642]; Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 543 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 455 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 472, 836 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 42 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 35 Court's Construction Term Claims “recording '988/1 multiple readings of the Wi-Fi access point at different locations around the Wi-Fi access point so that the multiple readings have reference symmetry relative to other Wi-Fi access points in the target area” Skyhook’s Construction Google’s Construction (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 39-40, 689, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 36 (8th ed. 2003). Indefinite under 35 Multiple scans of a U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 Wi-Fi access point because it does not are recorded. The apprise one skilled in scans are taken at the art of the bounds different locations of the claim, and in around the Wi-Fi particular (1) access point. impermissibly recites This results in the a method step in an following: (a) the apparatus claim; and multiple readings (2) fails to apprise the produce a calculated person of ordinary position of the Wi-Fi skill in the art as to access point having what it means for reference symmetry “multiple readings of relative to other Withe Wi-Fi access Fi access points in the point at different target area and (b) the locations around the calculated position of Wi-Fi access point” the Wi-Fi access to “have reference point reduces the symmetry relative to effects of arterial other Wi-Fi access bias. points in the target area.” See "Wi-Fi access points," "reference In the alternative, symmetry," "avoids “systematically arterial bias," and driving each road in "calculated position the target area using a information." predesigned Chinese Support: Ex. 3 ('988 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 21 - Postman scanning Court's Construction Term 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims Skyhook’s Construction Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, Figs. 3-6, 11, 2:55-56, 4:4-9, 4:31-40, 4:66-5:8, 5:17-20, 5:33-37, 8:28-59, 9:2-21, 9:5110:4; Ex. 13 ('988 patent prosecution history) Reply to Non-Final Office Action of Nov. 30, 2007, p. 8; Ex. 10 (The Cassell Dictionary and Thesaurus (1999)) at 510-11; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 95-118, 130-33; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) at 110:2-11, 170:15171:5, 168:11-18, 167:14-21; 173:2179:11, 181:21182:13, 191:11192:3, 224:24225:19; Ex. 22 (Acampora Dep. Ex. 1) at Figs. 3,4. - 22 - Google’s Construction route so as to collect multiple readings of the Wi-Fi access point at different locations around the Wi-Fi access point so that the multiple readings have reference symmetry relative to other WiFi access points in the target area.” Support: Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, GSHFED000020012; Ex. 3 (‘988 patent) 7:52-8:59, 9:14-19, 9:64-10:4, Figs. 4 & 11, claim 1; Ex. 39 (U.S. Patent App. Pub. 2009/0075672); Ex. 40 (U.S. Patent No. 7,493,127); Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 87 [sub-page 781], 200 [sub-page 777], 1991 [sub-pages 456457], 2011 [sub-pages 640-642]; Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 543 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 455 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford Court's Construction Term Claims "recording '988/1 multiple readings of the Wi-Fi access point at different locations around the Wi-Fi access point so that the . . . calculation of the position of the Wi-Fi access point avoids arterial bias in the calculated position information" 2505133 A/74542603.4 Skyhook’s Construction Google’s Construction English Dictionary) at 472, 836 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 42 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 39-40, 689, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 36 (8th ed. 2003). Indefinite in violation Multiple scans of a of 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ Wi-Fi access point 2 because it does not are recorded. The apprise one skilled in scans are taken at the art of the bounds different locations of the claim, and in around the Wi-Fi particular (1) access point. impermissibly recites This results in the a method step in an following: (a) the apparatus claim; and multiple readings (2) fails to provide produce a calculated any measure of when position of the Wi-Fi “recording multiple access point having readings . . . around reference symmetry the Wi-Fi access relative to other Wipoint . . . so that the Fi access points in the calculation of the target area and (b) the position of the Wi-Fi calculated position of access point avoids the Wi-Fi access arterial bias” is point reduces the achieved. effects of arterial bias. In the alternative, “storing Wi-Fi access See "Wi-Fi access point signals received points," "reference - 23 - Court's Construction Term 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims Skyhook’s Construction symmetry," "avoids arterial bias," and "calculated position information." Google’s Construction while scanning along a shortest planned route along each drivable road throughout each target area, e.g., Support: Ex. 3 ('988 Chinese Postman, and Patent) see, e.g., not using random Abstract, Figs. 3-6, scanning or collection 11, 2:55-56, 4:4-9, methods.” 4:31-40, 4:66-5:8, Support: 5:17-20, 5:33-37, 8:28-59, 9:2-21, 9:51- Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) 10:4; Ex. 13 ('988 GSHFED0000169patent prosecution 72, history) Reply to GSHFED0000181Non-Final Office 91, Action of Nov. 30, GSHFED00002002007, p. 8; Ex. 10 12; (‘694 Prosecution (The Cassell History) Dictionary and Thesaurus (1999)) at GSHFED0000295; 510-11; Ex. 14 (Kotz Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent) Abstract, Decl.) at ¶¶ 95-118, 3:12-26, 4:4-9, 4:28130-33; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 46, 5:24-37, 7:34-8:59, 9:2-10, at 110:2-11, 170:159:14-19, 9:57-10:4, 171:5, 168:11-18, Figs. 1-5, 8 & 167:14-21; 173:211, claim 1; Ex. 39 179:11, 181:21(U.S. Patent App. 182:13, 191:11Pub. 2009/0075672); 192:3, 224:24Ex. 40 (U.S. Patent 225:19; Ex. 22 (Acampora Dep. Ex. No. 7,493,127); Ex. 27 (The Compact 1) at Figs. 3,4. Oxford English Dictionary) at 92 [sub-page 823], 132 [sub-page 166], 200 [sub-page 777], 2011 [sub-pages 640-642]; Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 543 (7th ed. 2005); - 24 - Court's Construction Term "substantially all Wi-Fi access points" Claims '694/1 '988/1 Skyhook’s Construction Substantially all observed Wi-Fi access points. See "Wi-Fi access points." Support: Ex. 2 ('694 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, 4:2-10, 4:47-54, 5:19-21, 5:54-56, 6:55-7:5, 7:63-66, 9:41-43, 10:57-67; Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, 4:31-40, 5:27-34, 5:66-6:1, 6:35-37, 7:35-55, 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 25 - Google’s Construction Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 455 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 472, 836 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 56-57 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) 39-40, 689, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 29 (The MerriamWebster Dictionary) at 48 (6th ed. 2004); Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005). All but an insignificant number of Wi-Fi access points in the target area. Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent), 4:28-46, 5:24-37, 6:19-30, 8:13-16, 8:44-47, 9:12-19 and corresponding disclosures in the ‘694 patent; Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000018191; Ex. 41 (David Court's Construction Term "for substantially all Wi-Fi access points in the target area" Claims Skyhook’s Construction 8:44-47, 10:21-23, 11:35-45; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 37:1-4, 38:22-25, 238:2-239:17, 245:8246:17, 247:2247:21. '694/1 '988/1 For substantially all observed Wi-Fi access points in the target area. See "Wi-Fi access points" and "target area." Support: Ex. 2 ('694 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, 4:2-10, 4:47-54, 5:19-21, 5:54-56, 6:55-7:5, 7:63-66, 9:41-43, 10:57-67; Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) see, e.g., Abstract, 4:31-40, 5:27-34, 5:66-6:1, 6:35-37, 7:35-55, 8:44-47, 10:21-23, 11:35-45; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 37:1-4, 38:22-25, 238:2-239:17, 245:8246:17, 247:2247:21. 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 26 - Google’s Construction Nichols & Nichols Lures v. Strike King Lure Co., 2000 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 15781), 31-32 (N.D. Tex. Oct. 25, 2000); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 39-40, 232, 689, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 2011 [sub-pages 640642]. All but an insignificant number of Wi-Fi access points in the target area. Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent), 4:28-46, 5:24-37, 6:19-30, 8:13-16, 8:44-47, 9:12-19 and corresponding disclosures in the ‘694 patent; Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000018191; Ex. 41 (David Nichols & Nichols Lures v. Strike King Lure Co., 2000 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 15781), 31-32 (N.D. Tex. Oct. 25, 2000); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 39-40, 232, 689, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at Court's Construction Term "said chosen algorithm being suited for the number of identified Wi-Fi access points" 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims '245/1 Skyhook’s Construction Google’s Construction 2011 [sub-pages 640642]. Does not need to be Indefinite under construed. 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because it does not But if construed: apprise one skilled in the art of the bounds The chosen locationof the claim, and in determination particular fails to algorithm is suited apprise the person of for the number of Wiordinary skill in the Fi access points that art which are identified. algorithm(s) is (are) “suited” for a See "Wi-Fi access particular number of points." identified Wi-Fi access points. Support: Ex. 1 ('245 Patent) see, e.g., 4:33-40, 5:45-48, 7:7- Support: Ex. 1 (‘245 13; Ex. 5 (English Patent), 5:45-48, 7:3Dictionary (2d ed. 12, 7:23-24, 12:291991)) at 1956-57, 32; Ex. 24 ‘245 subpage 149; Ex. 14 Prosecution History) (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 86- GSHFED000008988. 90; Ex. 42 (McGrawHill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms), 66, 2287 (6th ed. 2003); Ex. 43 (The American Heritage Science Dictionary) at 17 (2005); Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 1956-57 [sub-pages 146-150], 2289 [subpage 100]; Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 1358, 1530 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) - 27 - Court's Construction Term Claims "providing a '245/1 reference database of calculated locations of Wi-Fi access points in a target area" Skyhook’s Construction Does not need to be construed. But if construed: Providing a database of calculated locations of Wi-Fi access points in a target area. The database is used to locate a user device having a Wi-Fi radio. See "calculated locations," "Wi-Fi access points," and "target area." Google’s Construction 39-40, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 44 (Webster’s New World College Dictionary) at 1432 (4th ed. 2004); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 1415 (8th ed. 2003). A database that contains calculated locations for all the Wi-Fi access points collected in the preidentified target area by scanning a shortest planned route along all drivable roads. The database does not include information about Wi-Fi access points gathered using random or end-user based collection methods. See also “a database of Wi-Fi access Support: Ex. 1 ('245 points for at least one Patent) see, e.g., target area” in the Abstract, Fig. 9, 4:21- ‘988 and ‘694 23, 5:15-17, 6:29-36, patents. 8:58-64, 14:4-5; Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) Fig. 4, 5:1-3, 8:28-34, 8:41- Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent), Abstract, 44; Ex. 14 (Kotz claim 1, 3:12-18, Decl.) at ¶¶ 130-33; 4:28-40, 5:27-30, Ex. 15 (Acampora 5:55-6:3, 7:39-44, Dep. Tr.) 110:2-11, 8:28-34, 8:41-44, 191:11-192:3, 8:56-59; Ex. 2 ‘694 224:24-225:19. Patent), 2:51-57, 5:824 and corresponding disclosures in the 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 28 - Court's Construction Term "logic to recalculate position 2505133 A/74542603.4 Claims '988/1 Skyhook’s Construction Software and/or hardware to recalculate position - 29 - Google’s Construction ‘245 patent; Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, GSHFED000020012; Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 200 [sub-page 777], 389 [sub-page 261], 2011 [sub-pages 640642]; Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 543 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 455 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 472, 836 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 141 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 39-40, 232, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 123 (8th ed. 2003). Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because the Court's Construction Term information for Wi-Fi access points previously stored in the database to utilize position information for the newlydiscovered readings of previously stored Wi-Fi access points" Claims Skyhook’s Construction information for Wi-Fi access points previously stored in the database. This recalculation utilizes new position information for such Wi-Fi access points calculated using scans taken after the previously stored WiFi access points were stored. See "Wi-Fi access points." Support: Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) see, e.g., Figs. 8, 9, 4:40-46, 5:1113, 5:37-41, 11:4713:31, 14:14; Ex. 7 (The American Heritage College Dictionary (3rd ed. 1997)) at 797; Ex. 8 (Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary (2004)) at 432; Ex. 9 (of Scientific and Technical Terms (4th ed. 1989)) at 1101; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 32, 58-60, 66-68; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 69:2-6, 204:16-19, 208:2-17, 208:21-25, 219:14220:19; Ex. 16 (Anthony S. Acampora, An Introduction to Broadband Networks (1994)) at 1; Ex. 17 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 30 - Google’s Construction specification does not disclose a structure corresponding to the claimed “logic” capable of performing the recited function of “recalculat[ing] position information for Wi-Fi access points previously stored in the database to utilize position information for the newly-discovered readings of previously stored WiFi access points.” Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent), 12:29-13:31; Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 200 [sub-page 777], 389 [sub-page 261], 992 [sub-pages 11071108]; Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 141, 317 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 39-40, 232, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 123 (8th ed. 2003). Court's Construction Term Claims Skyhook’s Construction Google’s Construction (U.S. Patent No. 4,425,639) at 7:60-63; Ex. 18 (U.S. Patent Application No. 20080039130) at ¶ 76; Ex. 19 (U.S. Patent No. 7,869,667 B1) at 12:48; Ex. 20 ( U.S. Patent No. 7,627,548) at 5:6162; Ex. 21 (U.S. Patent No. 7,751,592) at 12:51-54. "computerimplemented logic to add records to the database for newly-discovered Wi-Fi access points" '988/1 Computerimplemented software and/or hardware to add data records to the database for newlydiscovered Wi-Fi access points. See "Wi-Fi access points" and "database records." Support: Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) see, e.g., Figs. 8, 9, 4:40-46, 5:1113, 5:37-41, 11:4713:31, 14:14; Ex. 7 (The American Heritage College Dictionary (3rd ed. 1997)) at 797; Ex. 8 (Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary (2004)) at 432; Ex. 9 (McGrawHill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms (4th ed. 1989)) at 1101; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 32, 58-60, 63; Ex. 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 31 - Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because the specification does not disclose a structure corresponding to the claimed “computerimplemented logic” capable of performing the recited function of “add[ing] records to the database for newly-discovered WiFi access points.” Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent), 11:64-12:6, 12:29-38, 12:3913:31; Ex. 23 (‘988 Prosecution History) GSHFED000016972, GSHFED000018191, GSHFED000020012; Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 389 [sub-page 261], 992 [sub-pages 11071108]; Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Court's Construction Term Claims Skyhook’s Construction 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 69:2-6, 204:1619, 208:2-17, 208:2125, 219:14-220:19; Ex. 16 (Anthony S. Acampora, An Introduction to Broadband Networks (1994)) at 1; Ex. 17 (U.S. Patent No. 4,425,639) at 7:60-63; Ex. 18 (U.S. Patent Application No. 20080039130) at ¶ 76; Ex. 19 (U.S. Patent No. 7,869,667 B1) at 12:48; Ex. 20 ( U.S. Patent No. 7,627,548) at 5:6162; Ex. 21 (U.S. Patent No. 7,751,592) at 12:51-54. "computer'988/2 implemented clustering logic to identify position information based on error prone GPS information" 2505133 A/74542603.4 Google’s Construction Dictionary) at 141, 317 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 39-40, 232, 689, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 123 (8th ed. 2003). Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because (1) it does not apprise one skilled in the art of the bounds of the claim, and in particular fails to apprise the person of ordinary skill in the art what constitutes “error prone GPS information”; and (2) in violation of 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because the specification does not disclose a structure corresponding to the claimed “computerSupport: Ex. 3 ('988 implemented Patent) see, e.g., Figs. clustering logic” 8, 9, 4:47-49, 5:11capable of performing 13, 11:47-13:31, the recited function of Computerimplemented software and/or hardware to identify when position information for a WiFi access point based on GPS readings is likely to be erroneous. The software and/or hardware identifies position information that is not located within a certain threshold distance of other position information for the Wi-Fi access point. - 32 - Court's Construction Term Claims Skyhook’s Construction 14:14; Ex. 7 (The American Heritage College Dictionary (3rd ed. 1997)) at 797; Ex. 8 (Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary (2004)) at 432; Ex. 9 (McGrawHill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms (4th ed. 1989)) at 1101; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 32, 58-60, 70-71; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 69:2-6, 204:16-19, 208:2-17, 208:21-25, 219:14220:19; Ex. 16 (Anthony S. Acampora, An Introduction to Broadband Networks (1994)) at 1; Ex. 17 (U.S. Patent No. 4,425,639) at 7:60-63; Ex. 18 (U.S. Patent Application No. 20080039130) at ¶ 76; Ex. 19 (U.S. Patent No. 7,869,667 B1) at 12:48; Ex. 20 ( U.S. Patent No. 7,627,548) at 5:6162; Ex. 21 (U.S. Patent No. 7,751,592) at 12:51-54. "logic to determine a weighted centroid position for all position information reported for an access point" 2505133 A/74542603.4 '988/3 Software and/or hardware to determine a weighted centroid position for a Wi-Fi access point. The weighted centroid position is determined using all - 33 - Google’s Construction “identify[ing] position information based on error prone GPS information.” Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent), 12:6-13; Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 992 [sub-pages 11071108], 1718 [subpage 33]; Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 317, 474 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 737 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 448 (8th ed. 2003). Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because the specification does not disclose a structure corresponding to the claimed “logic” capable of performing Court's Construction Term Claims Skyhook’s Construction position information reported for that WiFi access point. See "weighted centroid position" and "Wi-Fi access points." Support: Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) see, e.g., Figs. 8, 9, 4:50-57, 5:1113, 11:47-13:31, 14:14; Ex. 7 (The American Heritage College Dictionary (3rd ed. 1997)) at 797; Ex. 8 (Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary (2004)) at 432; Ex. 9 (McGrawHill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms (4th ed. 1989)) at 1101; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 32, 58-60, 74-75; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 69:2-6, 204:16-19, 208:2-17, 208:21-25, 219:14220:19; Ex. 16 (Anthony S. Acampora, An Introduction to Broadband Networks (1994)) at 1; Ex. 17 (U.S. Patent No. 4,425,639) at 7:60-63; Ex. 18 (U.S. Patent Application No. 20080039130) at ¶ 76; Ex. 19 (U.S. Patent No. 7,869,667 B1) at 12:48; Ex. 20 ( U.S. Patent 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 34 - Google’s Construction the recited function of “determin[ing] a weighted centroid position for all position information reported for an access point.” Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 Patent), 3:20-26, 12:11-20, 12:24-28, 12:35-13:31; Ex. 42 (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms) at 357, 2287 (6th ed. 2003); Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 200 [sub-page 777], 229 [sub-page 1040], 992 [sub-pages 11071108], 2289 [subpage 100]; Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 317 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 277, 452 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 379, 1530 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 230 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 39-40, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford Court's Construction Term Claims Skyhook’s Construction No. 7,627,548) at 5:6162; Ex. 21 (U.S. Patent No. 7,751,592) at 12:51-54. Google’s Construction English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005). See "weighted centroid position." 2505133 A/74542603.4 '988/3 Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because the specification does not disclose a structure corresponding to the claimed “logic” capable of performing the recited function of “identify[ing] position information that exceeds a statistically-based deviation threshold amount away from the centroid position.” Support: Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) see, e.g., Figs. 8, 9, 4:50-57, 5:1113, 11:47-13:31, 14:14; Ex. 7 The American Heritage College Dictionary (3rd ed. 1997)) at 797; Ex. 8 (Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary (2004)) at 432; Ex. 9 (McGrawHill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms (4th ed. 1989)) at 1101; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 32, 58-60, 77-80; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 69:2-6, 204:16-19, 208:2-17, "logic to identify position information that exceeds a statistically-based deviation threshold amount away from the centroid position" Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 patent), 12:6-20; Ex. 42 (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms) at 357, 2287 (6th ed. 2003); Ex. 27 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 229 [sub-page 1040], 992 [sub-pages 11071108], 2289 [subpage 100]; Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 317 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 277 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 1530 Software and/or hardware to identify position information whose distance from the centroid position exceeds a certain threshold distance. This threshold distance is based on the distribution of the position information used to calculate the centroid position. - 35 - Court's Construction Term Claims Skyhook’s Google’s Construction Construction 208:21-25, 219:14(3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 220:19; Ex. 16 (The Concise Oxford (Anthony S. Acampora, English Dictionary) at An Introduction to 230 (11th ed. 2004). Broadband Networks (1994)) at 1; Ex. 17 (U.S. Patent No. 4,425,639) at 7:60-63; Ex. 18 (U.S. Patent Application No. 20080039130) at ¶ 76; Ex. 19 (U.S. Patent No. 7,869,667 B1) at 12:48; Ex. 20 ( U.S. Patent No. 7,627,548) at 5:6162; Ex. 21 (U.S. Patent No. 7,751,592) at 12:51-54. "the clustering '988/3 logic . . . excludes such deviating position information from the database and from influencing the calculated positions of the Wi-Fi access points" The software and/or hardware excludes such deviating position information from being stored in the database of WiFi access points. Such deviating position information is not used to determine the calculated positions of the Wi-Fi access points. See "computerimplemented clustering logic . . . " and "Wi-Fi access points." Support: Ex. 3 ('988 Patent) see, e.g., Figs. 8, 9, 4:50-57, 5:1115, 5:37-41, 11:4713:31, 14:14; Ex. 7 (The American Heritage College 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 36 - Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because the specification does not disclose a structure corresponding to the claimed “clustering logic” capable of performing the recited function of “exclude[ing] such deviating position information from the database and from influencing the calculated positions of the Wi-Fi access points.” Support: Ex. 3 (‘988 patent), 12:7-20; Ex. 42 (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms), 357, 2287 (6th ed. 2003); Ex. 27 (The Court's Construction Term Claims Skyhook’s Construction Dictionary (3rd ed. 1997)) at 797; Ex. 8 (Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary (2004)) at 432; Ex. 9 (McGrawHill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms (4th ed. 1989)) at 1101; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 32, 58-60, 74, 8284; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) 69:2-6, 204:16-19, 208:2-17, 208:21-25, 219:14-220:19; Ex. 16 (Anthony S. Acampora, An Introduction to Broadband Networks (1994)) at 1; Ex. 17 (U.S. Patent No. 4,425,639) at 7:60-63; Ex. 18 (U.S. Patent Application No. 20080039130) at ¶ 76; Ex. 19 (U.S. Patent No. 7,869,667 B1) at 12:48; Ex. 20 ( U.S. Patent No. 7,627,548) at 5:6162; Ex. 21 (U.S. Patent No. 7,751,592) at 12:51-54. "using the recorded location information for each of the observed WiFi access points in conjunction with predefined rules to determine 2505133 A/74542603.4 '897/1 Does not need to be construed. But if construed: Predefined rules are used to determine whether each observed WiFi access point should be - 37 - Google’s Construction Compact Oxford English Dictionary) at 200 [sub-page 777], 229 [sub-page 1040], 389 [sub-page 261], 992 [sub-pages 11071108], 2289 [subpage 100]; Ex. 32 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 141, 317 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 277 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 1530 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 230 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 39-40, 232, 916 (20th ed. 2004); Ex. 30 (The Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English) at 133 (3rd ed. 2005); Ex. 31 (Barron’s Dictionary of Computer and Internet Terms) at 123 (8th ed. 2003). Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because (a) it does not apprise one skilled in the art of the bounds of the claim, and in particular fails to apprise the person of Court's Construction Term Claims whether an observed WiFi access point should be included or excluded from a set of WiFi access points" Skyhook’s Construction included or excluded from a set of WiFi access points that is to be used to calculate location. The predefined rules consider recorded location information for each of the observed WiFi access points. Google’s Construction ordinary skill in the art what constitutes the claimed “predefined rules.” Support: Ex. 4 (‘897 patent), 6:3-12, 7:312, 7:34-48, 8:4610:31, 9:11-15; Ex. 26 (‘897 Prosecution History) GSHFED_0000394See "recorded 95; Ex. 33 (Collins location information" English Dictionary) at and "WiFi access 452 (7th ed. 2005); points." Ex. 28 (The American Heritage Support: Ex. 4 ('897 College Dictionary) Patent) see, e.g., Figs. at 379; Ex. 34 (The 5, 6, 4:35-42, 4:50Concise Oxford 52, 5:20-23, 5:37-43, English Dictionary) at 5:65-6:12, 7:34-52, 836 (11th ed. 2004); 9:11-16, 10:6-23; Ex. Ex. 35 (Newton’s 6 (Webster's Third Telecom Dictionary) New International at 39-40, 689, 916 Dictionary (20th ed. 2004). Unabridged (2002)) at 1785; Ex. 7 (The American Heritage College Dictionary (3rd ed. 1997)) at 1192; Ex. 14 (Kotz Decl.) at ¶¶ 87-88, 9192; Ex. 15 (Acampora "rules to determine a reference point and to compare the recorded location information for each of the observed WiFi 2505133 A/74542603.4 '897/3 Dep. Tr.) at 221:1419, 222:11-223:5. Does not need to be construed. But if construed: Rules that (1) first determine a reference point and (2) then compare the recorded - 38 - Indefinite under 35 U.S.C. § 112, ¶ 2 because (a) it does not apprise one skilled in the art of the bounds of the claim, and in particular fails to Court's Construction Term Claims access points to the reference point" Skyhook’s Construction location information for each of the observed WiFi access points to the reference point. See "recorded location information" and "WiFi access points." Support: Ex. 4 ('897 Patent) see, e.g., Fig. 6, 4:63-5:4, 5:22-23, 5:65-6:12, 8:52-10:3; Ex. 6 (Webster's Third New International Dictionary Unabridged (2002)) at 1785; Ex. 7 (The American Heritage College Dictionary (3rd ed. 1997)) at 1192; Ex. 14 (Kotz Google’s Construction apprise the person of ordinary skill in the art what constitutes the claimed “rules.” Support: Ex. 4 ‘897 patent, 8:61-9:15; Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 452 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 379; Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 836 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 35 (Newton’s Telecom Dictionary) at 39-40, 689, 916 (20th ed. 2004). Decl.) at ¶¶ 87-88, 9192; Ex. 15 (Acampora Dep. Tr.) at 221:1419, 222:11-223:5. "in response to a '245/1 user application request to determine a location of a userdevice having a Wi-Fi radio" In response to a request made by an application running on a user-device having a Wi-Fi radio to determine the location of the userdevice. See "a user-device having a Wi-Fi radio." Support: Ex. 1 ('245 Patent) see, e.g., Fig. 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 39 - In response to a request made by an end-user facing application, i.e., not by the operating system, to determine the location of an end user-device using a Wi-Fi radio. Support: Ex. 1 (‘245 patent), 1:31-50, 3:53-63, 6:7-9, 6:1229, 6:52-64, 7:12, 8:27, 9:10, 9:54-55, Court's Construction Term "a user-device having a Wi-Fi radio" Claims Skyhook’s Construction 9, 4:23-24, 5:15-17, 6:12-29. '245/1 Does not need to be construed. Google’s Construction Figs. 1 & 9; Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 452, 543 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 379, 455 (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 472, 836 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 45 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 30-31, 33, 193, 378 & 544 (5th ed. 2002); Ex. 46 (Webster’s New World Computer Dictionary) at 22-24, 129, 264-265, 387 (4th ed. 2004); Ex. 47 (PC Magazine Encyclopedia definition at “API”) available at http://www.pcmag.co m/encyclopedia_term /0,2542,t=API&i=378 56,00.asp. An end user or consumer device having a Wi-Fi radio. But if construed: A user device having a Wi-Fi radio. Support: Ex. 1 ('245 Patent) see, e.g., Fig. 1, 4:20-21, 4:64-65, 5:55-61, 6:14-29. 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 40 - Support: Ex. 1 (‘245 patent), 1:36-40, 1:48-50, 8:27; 9:10; 9:54-55; Ex. 33 (Collins English Dictionary) at 543 (7th ed. 2005); Ex. 28 (The American Heritage College Dictionary) at 455 Court's Construction Term "a WiFi-enabled device communicating with WiFi access points within range of the WiFi-enabled device so that observed WiFi access points identify themselves" Claims '897/1 Skyhook’s Construction A user device having a Wi-Fi radio communicates with Wi-Fi access points within range of the user device. Communications received by the user device include an identifier (e.g., a MAC address) for observed Wi-Fi access points. See "WiFi access points." Google’s Construction (3rd ed. 2000); Ex. 34 (The Concise Oxford English Dictionary) at 472 (11th ed. 2004); Ex. 45 (Microsoft Computer Dictionary) at 193; Ex. 46 (Webster’s New World Computer Dictionary) at 129, 387. A user device having a Wi-Fi radio actively searching for Wi-Fi access points by transmitting a signal to all Wi-Fi access points within range and receiving a response that includes a unique identifier (e.g., a MAC address) from each such Wi-Fi access point. Support: Ex. 4 (‘897 patent), Abstract, 6:13-21, 6:47-59, Support: Ex. 4 ('897 7:12-26, Fig. 2, Fig. Patent) see, e.g., Figs. 5; Ex. 35 (Newton’s 1, 3, 4:43-47, 5:12Telecom Dictionary) 13, 5:16-17, 5:65-67, at 39-40, 916 (20th 6:13-16, 6:52-60, 7:4- ed. 2004); Ex. 48 8, 7:13-26; Ex. 12 (Leary et al., (The IEEE Standard “Wireless LAN Dictionary of Fundamentals: Electrical and Mobility,” Jan. 9, Electronics Terms 2004), available at (6th ed. 1996)) at 182 http://www.ciscopress .com/articles/article.a sp?p=102282&seqNu m=2; Ex. 49 (IEEE 802.11 standard). 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 41 - Court's Construction III. Tutorials Per the Court's December 14, 2010 Order, the parties will present tutorials on the relevant technology on October 21, 2011. This is 19 days before the claim construction hearing on November 9, 2011. Skyhook intends to present its tutorial in the form of a Power Point presentation by Ted Morgan and/or counsel. Google objects to Skyhook’s proposal that Mr. Morgan—who is Skyhook’s CEO, a co-inventor of each of the patents-in-suit, and a fact witness in this case—make a presentation at the technology tutorial. Google intends to present its tutorial in the form of a Power Point presentation by counsel. IV. Anticipated Length Of Time For Claim Construction Hearing Skyhook and Google anticipate the claim construction hearing will last approximately 3 hours. V. Witnesses Neither Skyhook nor Google intends to call any witnesses to testify at the claim construction hearing. Both parties, however, reserve the right to call a witness if the other chooses to do so. VI. Proposed Order Of Arguments Skyhook and Google jointly propose the arguments proceed on a term-by-term basis. 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 42 - Respectfully submitted, SKYHOOK WIRELESS, INC., By their attorneys /s/ Samuel K. Lu_________ Samuel K. Lu (pro hac vice) IRELL & MANELLA LLP 1800 Avenue of the Stars, Suite 900 Los Angeles, California 90067-4276 (310) 277-1010 slu@irell.com Of counsel: Thomas F. Maffei (BBO 313220) Douglas R. Tillberg (BBO 661573) GRIESINGER, TIGHE & MAFFEI, LLP 176 Federal Street Boston, Massachusetts 02110 (617) 542-9900 tmaffei@gtmllp.com dtillberg@gtmllp.com Morgan Chu (pro hac vice) John C. Hueston (pro hac vice) Samuel K. Lu (pro hac vice) Glenn K. Vanzura (pro hac vice) Lina F. Somait (pro hac vice) IRELL & MANELLA LLP 1800 Avenue of the Stars, Suite 900 Los Angeles, California 90067-4276 (310) 277-1010 mchu@irell.com jhueston@irell.com slu@irell.com gvanzura@irell.com lsomait@irell.com Dated: October 13, 2011 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 43 - Respectfully submitted, GOOGLE, INC., Dated: October 13, 2011 By its attorneys /s/ Susan Baker Manning___________ Jonathan M. Albano, BBO #013850 jonathan.albano@bingham.com BINGHAM McCUTCHEN LLP One Federal Street Boston, MA 02110-1726, U.S.A. 617.951.8000 William F. Abrams (pro hac vice) william.abrams@bingham.com BINGHAM McCUTCHEN LLP 1900 University Avenue East Palo Alto, CA 94303-2223 650.849.4400 Robert C. Bertin (pro hac vice) robert.bertin@bingham.com Susan Baker Manning (pro hac vice) susan.manning@bingham.com BINGHAM McCUTCHEN LLP 2020 K Street, NW Washington, DC 20006-1806 202.373.6000 2505133 A/74542603.4 - 44 - Certificate of Service I, Samuel K. Lu, hereby certify that this document filed through the ECF system will be sent electronically to the registered participants as identified on the Notice of Electronic Filing (NEF) on October 13, 2011. /s/ Samuel K. Lu Samuel K. Lu i