US v. Calvo

Filing 920110121

Opinion

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var WPFootnote1 = ' In other cases, we have considered a similar question: the\
circumstances under which a Massachusetts simple assault and\
battery conviction will qualify as a predicate conviction for a\
"crime of violence" under the career offender provision of the U.S.\
Sentencing Guidelines. United States v. Estevez, 419 F.3d 77, 82\
(1st Cir. 2005); United States v. Santos, 363 F.3d 19, 22 (1st Cir.\
2004); United States v. Mangos, 134 F.3d 460, 464 (1st Cir. 1998). \
The terms "crime of violence" and "violent felony" are nearly\
identical in meaning. United States v. Willings, 588 F.3d 56, 58\
n.2 (1st Cir. 2009). Because of this, "decisions construing one\
term inform the construction of the other." Id.\
'

var WPFootnote2 = ' Following the procedure described in cases such as Crowe v.\
Bolduc, 365 F.3d 86, 89 n.1 (1st Cir. 2004) and United States v.\
Dowdell, 595 F.3d 50, 62 n.8 (1st Cir. 2010), the panel opinion in\
this case was circulated to all active judges of the court, all of\
whom posed no objection to our treatment of Mangos and its progeny. \
We caution that the use of this informal procedure does not convert\
this opinion into an opinion en banc, nor does it preclude a\
suggestion of rehearing en banc on any issue in the case, whether\
or not related to the panel\'s treatment of Mangos.\
'

var WPFootnote3 = ' Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 265, § 13A.\
'

var WPFootnote4 = ' These offenses are not defined in the statute. Instead, \
Massachusetts common law provides their definitions. Mangos, 134\
F.3d at 463.\
'

var WPFootnote5 = ' To convict for harmful battery under Massachusetts law, the\
prosecution must prove that the defendant intentionally touched his\
victim with "such violence that bodily harm is likely to result." \
Commonwealth v. Burke, 457 N.E.2d 622, 624 (Mass. 1983);\
Commonwealth v. Boyd, 897 N.E.2d 71, 76 (Mass. App. Ct. 2008).\
'

var WPFootnote6 = ' To its credit, the government does not argue that the "did\
assault and beat" charging language actually signifies that the\
defendant was charged with harmful battery as opposed to the other\
types. It only urges the application of the law of the case and\
law of the circuit doctrines.\
'

var WPFootnote7 = ' Although the assault and battery in Burno occurred by means\
of a dangerous weapon, a car, the law of simple assault and battery\
governed the court\'s analysis. Id. at 128–29.\
'

var WPFootnote8 = ' In order to resolve these appeals, it is unnecessary to\
decide whether, in addition to harmful battery, offensive battery\
qualifies as a violent felony under the ACCA.\
'

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