June Everett v. Prison Health Services
Filing
UNPUBLISHED PER CURIAM OPINION filed. Originating case number: 2:08-cv-00622-RBS-TEM Copies to all parties and the district court/agency. [998532375] [09-8250]
June Everett v. Prison Health Services
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UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
No. 09-8250
JUNE EVERETT, Plaintiff Appellant, v. PRISON HEALTH SERVICES, Defendant Appellee, and M. A. BENNETT, Major; ROY CHERRY, Superintendent Hampton Roads Regional Jail; DAVID L. SIMONS, Assistant Superintendent Hampton Roads Regional Jail; MARK A. GOOCH, Defendants.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, at Norfolk. Rebecca Beach Smith, District Judge. (2:08-cv-00622-RBS-TEM)
Submitted:
November 9, 2010
Decided:
February 25, 2011
Before WILKINSON and WYNN, Circuit Judges, and HAMILTON, Senior Circuit Judge.
Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.
Dockets.Justia.com
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Bernard J. DiMuro, Hillary J. Collyer, DIMUROGINSBERG, P.C., Alexandria, Virginia, for Appellant. John D. McChesney, RAWLS & MCNELIS, P.C., Richmond, Virginia, for Appellee.
Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
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PER CURIAM: June Everett appeals the district court's order
affirming the magistrate judge's ruling denying Everett's motion to amend her complaint to add a previously unnamed party,
pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a), (c). court's order. 1
We affirm the district
The federal government detained Sandra Kenley in two Virginia States. removal. estate regional On jails pending 18, 2005, her removal died from the United
December
Kenley
while
awaiting
On December 8, 2007, June Everett, Kenley's sister and administrator, timely filed the underlying cause of
action in Virginia state court, naming several jail officials (collectively "named Defendants"), and various unnamed
individuals identified as "John Doe." Everett alleged wrongful death, pursuant to Va. Code Ann. § 8.01-244 (Supp. 2010), and violation of Kenley's Eighth and Fourteenth Amendment rights, pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (2006). Specifically, Everett
alleged that Defendants' failure to provide Kenley with adequate medical care proximately caused her death.
As the parties agreed in the district court to dismiss with prejudice Everett's claims against all other defendants, we have jurisdiction to review the order in question. 28 U.S.C. § 1291 (2006).
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The court.
named
Defendants
removed
the
case
to
federal
On July 24, 2009, Everett moved for leave to amend her
complaint, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a), to add Appellee Prison Health Services, Inc. ("PHS") as a defendant based on information obtained during discovery, and to add a state-law claim of medical malpractice against PHS. magistrate objected, judge thereby denied Everett's the After a hearing, the Everett review timely by the
motion. issue for
preserving
district court. 2
28 U.S.C.A. § 636(b)(1).
The district court
affirmed the order of the magistrate judge. We review the denial of a motion to amend a pleading under Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a) for abuse of discretion. Equal
Rights Ctr. v. Niles Bolton Assoc., 602 F.3d 597, 602-03 (4th Cir. 2010); Laber v. Harvey, 438 F.3d 404, 428 (4th Cir. 2006) (en banc). "[A] district court has discretion to deny a motion
to amend a complaint, so long as it does not outright refuse `to grant the leave without any justifying reason.'" Equal Rights
Ctr., 602 F.3d at 603 (quoting Foman v. Davis, 371 U.S. 179, 182 (1962)).
Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 72(a), the district court could not modify or set aside any portion of the magistrate judge's order unless the magistrate judge's decision was "clearly erroneous or contrary to law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 72(a); 28 U.S.C.A. § 636(b)(1)(A) (2006 & Supp. 2010). 4
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In this case, Everett could not amend her complaint without "the opposing party's written consent or the court's leave." Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a)(2). This Rule provides that
"[t]he court should freely give leave when justice so requires." Id. The Supreme Court has emphasized this requirement,
counseling that [i]n the absence of any apparent or declared reason-- such as undue delay, bad faith or dilatory motive on the part of the movant, repeated failure to cure deficiencies by amendments previously allowed, undue prejudice to the opposing party by virtue of allowance of the amendment, futility of amendment, etc.--the leave sought should, as the rules require, be "freely given." Foman, 371 U.S. at 182. Thus, prejudice to an opposing party
and futility are two grounds for denial of a motion to amend under Rule 15(a)(2). Where a proposed amendment is made beyond
the statute of limitations and it would not relate back to the original complaint, such an amendment would be futile. In that
case, a district court does not abuse its discretion under Rule 15(a)(2) in denying a motion to amend. United States v.
Pittman, 209 F.3d 314, 318-19 (4th Cir. 2000). We conclude that the district court did not abuse its discretion in affirming the denial of the motion to amend.
Unless Everett's proposed amendment relates back to the filing of the original the complaint amendment pursuant is barred to by Fed. the R. Civ. P. of
15(c)(1)(C),
statute
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limitations district
and
thus
is
futile. that PHS
The did
record not
supports
the
court's
decision
have
sufficient See
notice of the action to avoid prejudice in defending it.
Goodman v. Praxair, Inc., 494 F.3d 458, 471 (4th Cir. 2007) (en banc) (the notice requirements of Rule 15(c) ensure fair notice to newly named party and protect party from improper prejudice in defending itself). Therefore, we conclude that the district
court did not abuse its discretion in affirming the magistrate judge's denial of leave to amend. 3 Accordingly, we affirm the decision of the district court. legal We dispense with oral argument because the facts and contentions are adequately presented in the materials
After all briefs were filed, Everett filed a letter bringing to the court's attention the Supreme Court's recent decision in Krupski v. Costa Crociere S.P.A., 130 S. Ct. 2485 (2010). In Krupski, the Supreme Court held that "relation back under Rule 15(c)(1)(C) depends on what the party to be added knew or should have known, not on the amending party's knowledge or its timeliness in seeking to amend the pleading." Krupski, 130 S. Ct. at 2490. This court had previously reached the same result in Goodman, 494 F.3d at 470 ("The Rule [now Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c)(1)(C)] does not concern itself with the amending party's particular state of mind except insofar as he made a mistake . . . . The Rule's description of when such an amendment relates back to the original pleading focuses on the notice to the new party and the effect on the new party that the amendment will have." (emphasis omitted)). We hold that the district court properly based its Rule 15(c) ruling on the inadequacy of notice to PHS, and not on an assessment of the knowledge possessed by Everett.
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before
the
court
and
argument
would
not
aid
the
decisional
process. AFFIRMED
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