William Hanback v. DRHI, Incorporated
Filing
UNPUBLISHED PER CURIAM OPINION filed. Originating case number: 1:14-cv-01789-TSE-JFA Copies to all parties and the district court/agency. [999806707].. [15-1434]
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UNPUBLISHED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
No. 15-1434
WILLIAM HANBACK,
Plaintiff - Appellant,
v.
DRHI, INC.; D.R. HORTON, INC.,
Defendants - Appellees.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern
District of Virginia, at Alexandria.
T. S. Ellis, III, Senior
District Judge. (1:14-cv-01789-TSE-JFA)
Argued:
March 22, 2016
Decided:
April 28, 2016
Before NIEMEYER and MOTZ, Circuit Judges, and Max O. COGBURN,
Jr., United States District Judge for the Western District of
North Carolina, sitting by designation.
Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.
ARGUED: Stephen Patrick Pierce, SUROVELL ISAACS PETERSEN & LEVY,
PLC, Fairfax, Virginia, for Appellant. Jon Franklin Mains, JON
F. MAINS & ASSOCIATES, Fairfax, Virginia, for Appellees.
ON
BRIEF: J. Chapman Petersen, SUROVELL ISAACS PETERSEN & LEVY,
PLC, Fairfax, Virginia, for Appellant.
Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
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PER CURIAM:
William Hanback commenced this action against DRHI, Inc.,
for breach of a contract with which he sold DRHI a 2.14-acre
parcel of land in Fairfax, Virginia.
He seeks a declaratory
judgment and $350,000 in damages.
The parties closed on the land contract in 2004, with DRHI
paying Hanback $400,000 for the 2.14-acre parcel, a price based
on the fact that 5 lots had been approved by the City of Fairfax
for
the
parcel’s
development.
When
DRHI
later
purchased
an
adjacent parcel of land, it reconstituted its development plan
to include the two parcels and thereby obtained City approval
for a total of 15 lots on the combined parcels -- 5.5 lots on
the
original
2.14-acre
parcel
and
9.5
lots
on
the
adjacent
parcel -- which amounted to 5 more lots than would have been
approved for the parcels separately.
In
parcel
his
that
complaint,
he
sold
to
Hanback
DRHI
contends
in
2004
development of these 5 additional lots.
alleges
that
the
2.14-acre
parcel
he
that
the
directly
2.14-acre
enabled
the
Stated otherwise, he
sold
permitted
DRHI
to
obtain a “bonus density” of 5 additional lots on the combined
parcels.
Accordingly, he seeks compensation for the additional
5 lots in the amount of $70,000 for each lot.
The district court dismissed Hanback’s breach-of-contract
claim, concluding that “nowhere in the . . . Contract is there a
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provision requiring that [DRHI] compensate [Hanback] based on
lots
built
on
subsequently-acquired
adjacent
property.”
We
agree and therefore affirm.
The land contract between Hanback and DRHI provided that
“[Hanback]
is
the
property,”
which
owner
DRHI
of
“is
2.14
acres
desirous
of
of
fee
simple
acquiring,”
real
and
that
“[Hanback] agrees to sell to [DRHI] [and] [DRHI] agrees to buy
from
Hanback
the
Property.”
The
contract
continued,
“the
Purchase Price for the Property shall be $70,000.00 per approved
lot with a minimum of 6 lots.
If only 5 or fewer than 5 lots
are approved, the Purchase Price shall be $400,000 for the 2.14
acres.”
take
Finally, the contract provided that “[s]ettlement shall
place
within
thirty
days
after
approval
of
final
subdivision plans by the City of Fairfax or twelve months after
execution of this Contract whichever occurs first.”
Following a
state-court order granting specific performance, settlement took
place in 2004, at which time Hanback transferred the deed to the
2.14-acre parcel to DRHI and DRHI paid Hanback $400,000 for the
property
based
on
the
5
lots
that,
at
that
time,
had
been
approved.
While
the
contract
did
indicate
that
the
price
for
the
2.14-acre parcel would be based on the number of lots approved
by the City of Fairfax at the time of settlement, even under the
redevelopment
plan
approved
by
3
the
City
in
2007
and
the
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subdivision plan approved by the City in 2010, no more than 5.5
lots were ever approved for the 2.14-acre parcel.
or
more
were
never
approved
for
that
Since 6 lots
parcel,
the
price
established by the contract for the 2.14-acre parcel remained
$400,000, a sum that had been fully paid at the closing in 2004.
In arguing that he is entitled to compensation “for the
bonus density his land permitted,” Hanback concedes that the
“parties certainly did not specifically address ‘bonus density’
in the 2000 contract.”
But he contends nonetheless that “[the
parties] clearly expressed that payment was [to be] based on the
number of lots ‘permitted’ and/or ‘approved,’” with $70,000 to
be paid for each additional lot.
He fails to address, however,
the fact that he sold DRHI only the 2.14-acre parcel and that,
at most, only 5.5 lots were ever approved on that parcel.
The
additional 9.5 lots approved in the final subdivision plan were
located on the adjacent parcel, which was not the subject of the
land contract between Hanback and DRHI.
The contract between
Hanback and DRHI specifically defines the 2.14-acre parcel as
“the Property” subject to the contract, and the “purchase price
and
payment”
provision
“for the 2.14 acres.”
expressly
concerns
the
purchase
price
Nowhere in the contract is any adjacent
parcel or “bonus density” mentioned.
Accordingly,
we
affirm
the
district
court’s
ruling
that
Hanback failed to state a claim for breach of the land contract
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between
him
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and
DRHI
when
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he
claimed
compensation
for
lots
approved on an adjacent parcel that he never owned and that was
never mentioned in his contract with DRHI.
therefore,
Hanback’s
challenge
of
We need not reach,
the
district
court’s
alternative ruling that his breach-of-contract claim is barred
by the applicable statute of limitations.
With this conclusion, we also affirm the district court’s
dismissal
of
Hanback’s
complaint
transactional
Hanback’s
claim
asked
history
of
for
the
the
a
declaratory
to
court
dispute
judgment.
the
assess
between
the
full
parties,
including the effect of related state-court judgments, and to
declare his rights to “the amount owed to [him] . . . for the
bonus
density
[DRHI]
obtained
using
the
[2.14-acre
parcel].”
But this is exactly what he sought in his breach-of-contract
claim,
which
the
district
court
properly
dismissed.
A
declaratory judgment therefore would serve no “useful purpose in
clarifying
and
settling
the
legal
relations
in
issue.”
Centennial Life Ins. Co. v. Poston, 88 F.3d 255, 256 (4th Cir.
1996) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted); see also
Medtronic, Inc. v. Mirowski Family Ventures, LLC, 134 S. Ct.
843, 849 (2014) (recognizing that the Declaratory Judgment Act
is only “procedural” and does not create “substantive rights”).
The judgment of the district court is accordingly
AFFIRMED.
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