Nwabuisi v. Holder et al
Filing
14
MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Madeline Hughes Haikala on 10/28/2014. (AVC)
FILED
2014 Oct-28 AM 11:04
U.S. DISTRICT COURT
N.D. OF ALABAMA
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ALABAMA
MIDDLE DIVISION
RICHARD N. NWABUISI,
Petitioner,
v.
ERIC H. HOLDER, Attorney
General of the United States, et al.,
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Case No.: 4:14-cv-01177-MHH-HGD
Respondents.
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Richard N. Nwabuisi has filed a petition for writ of habeas corpus pursuant
to 28 U.S.C. § 2241. He asks the Court to release him under supervision pending
his deportation to Nigeria. The magistrate judge has recommended that the Court
deny Mr. Nwabuisi’s petition. (Doc. 10). Mr. Nwabuisi has objected to the
recommendation. (Docs. 11, 13). For the reasons stated below, the Court adopts
in part the magistrate judge’s report, accepts his recommendation, and denies Mr.
Nwabuisi’s petition for writ of habeas corpus.
I.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
The Court must “make a de novo determination of those portions of the
report or specified proposed findings or recommendations to which objection is
made.”
28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1).
This means the Court must “give fresh
1
consideration to those issues to which specific objection has been made.” Jeffrey
S. by Ernest S. v. State Bd. Of Educ. Of State of Ga., 896 F.2d 507, 512 (11th Cir.
1990) (quoting H.R. Rep. No. 94-1609, reprinted in 1976 U.S.C.C.A.N. 6162,
6163). The portions of the report and recommendation to which the petitioner has
not objected are reviewed for clear error. Macort v. Prem, Inc., 208 Fed. Appx.
781, 784 (11th Cir. 2006). The Court “may accept, reject, or modify, in whole or
part, the findings or recommendations made by the magistrate judge.” 28 U.S.C. §
636(b)(1).
II.
DISCUSSION
Mr. Nwabuisi objects to three points in the magistrate judge’s report. First,
he asserts that he was not convicted of a crime in Frederick, Maryland on March
12, 1997. Next, he argues that he was not informed of a telephone interview with
the Nigerian Consulate on September 13, 2013.
Lastly, he contends that his
signature was forged on the Emergency Travel Certificate issued by the Nigerian
Consulate. (Doc. 13, ¶¶ 1–4). The Court addresses these objections in turn.
A.
The Alleged Conviction of March 12, 1997.
Mr. Nwabuisi first objects to lines 12–16 of page 2 of the magistrate judge’s
report, which state that Mr. Nwabuisi was convicted of a credit card offense in
Frederick, Maryland on March 12, 1997. (Doc. 13, ¶ 1). Respondents, in their
August 15, 2014 notice, state that ICE Assistant Field Office Director Gerald
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Smith “is unable to confirm the conviction.” (Doc. 12, p. 2). Respondents further
state that “[b]ecause Petitioner contests this conviction and ICE cannot substantiate
it, ICE has removed the reference from the Amended Declaration” of ICE director
Smith. (Id.; see also Doc. 12-1).
Because ICE is unable to substantiate the alleged March 12, 1997
conviction, the Court declines to adopt page 2, lines 12–16 of the magistrate
judge’s report. The Department of Homeland Security removal order does not
reference the 1997 conviction. The order is based upon two convictions in New
York on May 26, 2010. (Doc. 11, p. 25). 1 Therefore, the removal of the 1997
conviction from the report does not alter the magistrate judge’s legal analysis.
B.
The September 13, 2013 Telephone Interview.
Mr. Nwabuisi objects to the statement at the bottom of page 3 of the report
that Mr. Nwabuisi was informed that the interviewer from the Nigerian Embassy
was ready to speak with him on September 13, 2013. (Doc. 13, ¶ 2). Mr.
Nwabuisi contends that although ICE agent David Talbott sent a message
requesting his attention on September 13, 2013, Mr. Nwabuisi did not know why
agent Talbott requested his attention.
(Id.).
Mr. Nwabuisi asserts that on
September 13, 2014, a corrections officer merely informed him “that ICE want[ed]
1
The Court offers no view as to whether the remaining convictions qualify as crimes involving
moral turpitude not arising out of a single scheme of criminal misconduct because the Court does
not have jurisdiction to review the removal order. See 8 U.S.C. § 1252(a)(2)(C).
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his presence at their office.” (Doc. 9, p. 3). In response, Mr. Nwabuisi “informed
the officer that he needed some time to get himself together, as he had just woken
up and felt a bit tired and under the weather.” (Id.).
In support of the proposition that Mr. Nwabuisi did not know about the
telephone interview, he points to correspondence between agent Talbott and
deportation officer William Shockley which appears in the record as Exhibit D to
the habeas petition. (Doc. 13, ¶ 2; see Doc. 1, p. 112). This letter states that the
officers “attempt[ed] to facilitate a telephone interview between [Mr. Nwabuisi]
and his consulate in Washington DC,” and that “[Mr. Nwabuisi] was aware of the
purpose of the interview because he was in the office the previous day for the same
interview, which ended up being postponed.” (Doc. 1, p. 112). The letter goes on
to state that a corrections officer “called [Mr. Nwabuisi] from his cell block to
bring him to [the ICE office]” but Mr. Nwabuisi refused to come with the officer.
(Id.).
On the record before the Court, it is not clear whether Mr. Nwabuisi was
specifically informed on September 13, 2014 that the interviewer for the Nigerian
Consulate was ready to speak to him. Therefore, the Court declines to adopt the
portion of footnote 4 in the report which states, “he was informed that the
interviewer was ready to talk to him.” In the absence of this evidence, there still is
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ample evidence that Mr. Nwabuisi knew why he was called to the ICE office on
September 13, 2013. Consequently, this revision of the report does not undermine
the magistrate judge’s conclusion that Mr. Nwabuisi refused to interview with the
Embassy of Nigeria on September 13. 2013.
C.
The Allegedly Forged Signature on the Emergency Travel
Certificate
In Mr. Nwabuisi’s final objection to the report, he submits that the signature
that appears on the Emergency Travel Certificate was forged. (Doc. 13, ¶¶ 3–4).
The magistrate judge noted that there is no evidence to support Mr. Nwabuisi’s
forgery allegation. The magistrate judge also pointed out that Mr. Nwabuisi did
not mention the purported forgery in his letter to the Nigerian Consulate regarding
the travel document. (Doc. 10, pp. 6, 9–10).
Regardless of whether Mr. Nwabuisi’s signature on the travel document is a
forgery, Mr. Nwabuisi fails to state a claim for relief under Zadvydas because he
has not “provide[d] evidence of a good reason to believe that there is no significant
likelihood of removal in the reasonably foreseeable future.” Akinwale v. Ashcroft,
287 F.3d 1050, 1052 (11th Cir. 2002) (citing to Zadvydas v. Davis, 533 U.S. 678,
701 (2001)).2 Nigeria has issued a travel document for Mr. Nwabuisi in the past.3
2
The Court acknowledges that there are procedural inaccuracies in the Emergency Travel
Certificate. For example, the emergency certificate, which is signed by a Mr. Balogun on behalf
of the Embassy of Nigeria, states: “This is to certify that Mr. Nwabuisi Richard has stated to me
that [he] is a citizen of Nigeria and that I have no reason to doubt [his] statement.” (Doc. 1, p.
125). It is unclear how Mr. Balogun could sign such a statement if, as maintained by
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There is no reason to believe that Nigeria will refuse to issue a travel document for
Mr. Nwabuisi in the future, and ICE is making efforts toward the reissuance of the
expired travel document. (Doc. 12-1, ¶¶ 16, 17).
Mr. Nwabuisi has failed to establish that there is no significant likelihood
that he will be removed in the reasonably foreseeable future. Consequently, he is
not entitled to habeas relief.
Should Mr. Nwabuisi’s detention continue, and
should the delay in removal not be his fault, he may seek habeas relief pursuant to
28 U.S.C. § 2241.
IV. CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, the Court adopts in part the magistrate judge’s
report, and accepts his recommendation. The Court denies Mr. Nwabuisi’s habeas
petition without prejudice.
DONE and ORDERED this October 28, 2014.
_________________________________
MADELINE HUGHES HAIKALA
UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE
respondents, Mr. Nwabuisi has not interviewed with any representative of the Nigerian
government. (Doc. 5, pp. 3–4). Mr. Nwabuisi also points out that the travel certificate states that
the journey will be on a direct Delta Airlines flight to Lagos, Nigeria, but ICE agents took him to
Arik Airline on two occasions. (Doc. 1, p. 123; Doc. 5, p. 7). Like the allegation of forgery,
neither of these procedural deficiencies overcomes Mr. Nwabuisi’s failure to establish that there
is no significant likelihood that he will be removed in the reasonably foreseeable future.
3
The report states that “Nigeria has issued travel documents for petitioner in the past.” (Doc. 10,
p. 9) (emphasis added). To date, Nigeria has issued only one travel document for Mr. Nwabuisi.
(Doc. 12, p. 2).
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