Lau v. Good Sam Insurance Agency et al
Filing
69
ORDER Regarding Pending Motions at 39 , 46 , 47 , 55 , 58 , 65 . Signed by Judge Joshua M. Kindred on 3/26/24. (LLR, CHAMBERS STAFF)
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF ALASKA
WILLIAM LAU,
Plaintiff,
vs.
GOOD SAM INSURANCE AGENCY,
and NATIONAL GENERAL
INSURANCE,
Case No. 3:22-cv-00087-JMK
ORDER REGARDING
PENDING MOTIONS
Defendants.
Before the Court are several motions. At Docket 39, Plaintiff William Lau
moves for an order requiring Defendants Good Sam Insurance Agency (“Good Sam”) and
National General Assurance 1 (“National General”) (collectively “Defendants”) to transport
his damaged vehicle to Anchorage. At Docket 46, Defendants move for partial summary
judgment on the issue of emergency expense coverage. At Docket 47, Defendants move
for partial summary judgment on the issue vacation liability coverage. At Docket 55,
Defendants move to compel production of responses to their First Requests for Production,
dated, May 30, 2023. At Docket 58, Defendants move for partial summary judgment
1
National General Assurance was improperly named in the caption as National General
Insurance.
dismissing Mr. Lau’s insurance bad faith claim. And, finally, at Docket 65, Mr. Lau crossmoves for summary on his insurance bad faith claim. All motions are fully briefed.
The Court rules as follows:
I.
BACKGROUND 2
3
In 2021, Mr. Lau owned an insurance policy, Policy No. 2003733448, with
Good Sam that covered his recreational vehicle, a 2010 Cardinal Fifth Wheel (“Fifth
Wheel”). 4 National General underwrote Mr. Lau’s Policy with Good Sam. 5 On March 18,
2021, Mr. Lau opened a claim with National General, and, on April 22, 2021, called a
National General representative, Anyeline Hubble, to follow up on the claim. 6 After
Mr. Lau filed his claim, Defendants did not offer to transport the Fifth Wheel to a repair
shop. 7 Mr. Lau considered traveling to Alaska to oversee the process of repairing his
2
The Court notes that Defendants’ citations to the record are not accurate in multiple
instances. For example, Defendants cite Mr. Lau’s deposition for the fact that the roof of
Birchmere Boat & RV Storage collapsed due to snow load and damaged the Fifth Wheel.
However, the lines cited do not directly support these alleged facts. Instead, they reference a
colloquy about the date of the collapse without establishing what collapsed and what resulted.
Elsewhere, Defendants simply omit citations to the record. For instance, they provide no citation
to support the fact that Mr. Lau stored his Fifth Wheel in Birchmere between 2020 and 2021 while
he resided in California, that the Good Sam policy was underwritten by National General, or that
National General issued a check to Mr. Lau. On summary judgment, it is the movant’s burden to
show there is no genuine dispute of material fact with citations to the record. Fed. R. Civ.
P. 56(c)(1). Even where the basic facts of a case are not the subject of the parties’ dispute, the
moving party must nonetheless demonstrate that they are supported by the record. It is not the
Court’s responsibility to comb the record to locate evidentiary support for summary judgment. See
Indep. Towers of Wash. v. Washington, 350 F.3d 925, 929 (9th Cir. 2003); see also Fed. R. Civ.
P. 56(c). As explained below, Defendants’ failure to cite accurately forces the Court to deny
several of its motions.
3
Additionally, Defendants are instructed to review Local Civil Rule 5.1(f)(1) and adhere
to it in future filings.
4
Docket 46-2.
5
Id.
6
Docket 46-3 at 1; Docket 45-2 at 4–5.
7
Docket 45-2 at 6.
Lau v. Good Sam Ins. Agency, et al.
Order Regarding Pending Motions
Case No. 3:22-cv-00087-JMK
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vehicle, but decided against doing so. 8 Ultimately, Mr. Lau traveled to Alaska in May or
June 2021. 9 He towed his Fifth Wheel to Homer, Alaska, “utilized” it in the summer of
2021, and then transported it to Nilnilchik, Alaska, in September 2021. 10 In May 2022,
Mr. Lau moved his Fifth Wheel back to Homer and stayed in it throughout the summer. 11
Ultimately, National General issued a check to Mr. Lau for over $7,000.12
Mr. Lau never cashed the check. 13 He then filed this suit in state court in March 2022.14
Defendants removed the case to this Court in April 2022. 15
II.
LEGAL STANDARD
Summary judgment is appropriate where “the movant shows that there is no
genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter
of law.” 16 A material fact is one that “might affect the outcome of the suit under the
governing law.” 17 “A genuine issue of material fact exists when the evidence is such that
a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party.” 18
The party seeking summary judgment bears the initial burden of establishing
the absence of a genuine issue of material fact. 19 To establish that a fact cannot be
8
Id. at 12.
Id. at 15.
10
See id. at 17, 21, 22.
11
Id. at 23–24.
12
Id. at 25.
13
Id. at 26.
14
See Docket 1-1.
15
Docket 1.
16
Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a).
17
Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248 (1986).
18
Fortune Dynamic, Inc. v. Victoria’s Secret Stores Brand Mgmt., Inc., 618 F.3d 1025,
1031 (9th Cir. 2010).
19
Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323 (1986).
9
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Order Regarding Pending Motions
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genuinely disputed, the movant can either cite the record or show “that the materials cited
do not establish the . . . presence of a genuine dispute, or that an adverse party cannot
produce admissible evidence to support the fact.” 20
Once the movant has made such a showing, the non-movant “bears the
burden of production under [FRCP] 56 to ‘designate specific facts showing that there is a
genuine issue for trial.’” 21 The non-moving party “must do more than simply show that
there is some metaphysical doubt as to the material facts.” 22 A party cannot “defeat
summary judgment with allegations in the complaint, or with unsupported conjecture or
conclusory statements.” 23
“If a moving party fails to carry its initial burden of production, the nonmoving party has no obligation to produce anything, even if the nonmoving party would
have the ultimate burden of persuasion at trial.” 24 Ultimately, in ruling on a motion for
summary judgment, the court must view the facts and draw all reasonable inferences in the
light most favorable to the non-moving party. 25
20
Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(1).
Ricci v. DeStefano, 557 U.S. 557, 586 (2009) (quoting Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477
U.S. 317, 324 (1986)).
22
Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586 (1986)
(internal citation omitted); see also Liberty Lobby, 477 U.S. at 252 (specifying that the non-movant
“must show more than “[t]he mere existence of a scintilla of evidence”); accord In re Oracle Corp.
Secs. Litig., 627 F.3d 376, 387 (9th Cir. 2010).
23
Hernandez v. Spacelabs Med. Inc., 343 F.3d 1107, 1112 (9th Cir. 2003).
24
Nissan Fire & Marine Ins. Co. v. Fritz Companies, Inc., 210 F.3d 1099, 1102–03 (9th
Cir. 2000).
25
Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 378 (2007).
21
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Order Regarding Pending Motions
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“[W]hen parties submit cross-motions for summary judgment, each motion
must be considered on its own merits.” 26 The court rules on each motion “on an individual
and separate basis.” 27
III.
DISCUSSION
The Court addresses each of the pending motions in turn.
A.
Mr. Lau’s Motion to Grant Transportation of Fifth Wheel
Mr. Lau moved for a court order compelling Defendants to transport his
damaged Fifth Wheel to a repair shop in Anchorage, Alaska. 28 Since filing this motion, on
September 15, 2023, Mr. Lau towed the Fifth Wheel to a repair shop in Anchorage, where
he had the damage estimated. 29 The Court will DENY AS MOOT the motion at Docket 39
because the relief Mr. Lau sought—transportation of his Fifth Wheel—is no longer
necessary.
B.
Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment on Emergency Expense Coverage
Defendants move for summary judgment and argue that Mr. Lau’s insurance
policy does not require them to arrange for transportation of Lau’s 2010 Cardinal B Fifth
Wheel (“Fifth Wheel”) to a repair shop. They argue that the language of the emergency
expense provision in Mr. Lau’s policy does not cover transportation of his vehicle in this
case because it only applies when “an insured recreational vehicle is rendered
26
Fair Hous. Council of Riverside Cty., Inc. v. Riverside Two, 249 F.3d 1132, 1136 (9th
Cir. 2001) (citations and quotation omitted).
27
Tulalip Tribes of Wash. v. Washington, 783 F.3d 1151, 1156 (9th Cir. 2015) (quoting
10A Charles Alan Wright, Arthur R. Miller & Mary Kay Kane, FED. PRAC. & PROC. § 2720 (3d
ed. 1998)).
28
Docket 39.
29
Docket 64 at 2.
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uninhabitable or inoperable more than 50 miles from the principal garaging or storage
location” and Mr. Lau’s Fifth Wheel was damaged at its storage location. 30 In the
alternative, Defendants argue that Mr. Lau’s policy did not apply because the Fifth Wheel
was not rendered uninhabitable or inoperable. 31 In response, Mr. Lau asserts in conclusory
terms that it is the insurer’s responsibility to arrange for transport. 32
This Court applies Alaska law in interpreting the insurance contract at issue
here. In diversity actions, federal courts apply the choice of law rules of the state in which
they sit. 33 “Alaska courts ‘look to the RESTATEMENT (SECOND) OF CONFLICT OF LAWS for
guidance in resolving choice-of-law issues.’” 34 When a contract does not include a choiceof-law provision, the RESTATEMENT instructs that the contract should be construed
according to the law of the state with the most significant relationship to the transaction
and the parties. 35 “To determine what state has the most significant relationship, the court
will consider where the contract was entered, negotiated, and performed; where its subject
matter is located; and where the parties are domiciled or incorporated.” 36 Additionally, in
the context of an insurance contract, the “location of insured risk is a critical factor.” 37
30
Docket 46 at 6.
Id. at 6–7.
32
Docket 51.
33
Klaxon Co. v. Stentor Elec. Mfg. Co., 313 U.S. 487, 496 (1941); accord CNA Ins. Co.
v. Lightle, 364 F. Supp. 2d 1068, 1072 (D. Alaska 2005).
34
Bernie’s Pharmacy, Inc. v. AmerisourceBergen Drug Corp., No. 3:18-cv-00183-TMB,
2019 WL 5156273, at *4 (D. Alaska May 1, 2019) (quoting Savage Arms, Inc. v. W. Auto Supply
Co., 18 P.3d 49, 53 (Alaska 2001)).
35
Lightle, 364 F. Supp. 2d at 1072 (citing RESTATEMENT (SECOND) OF CONFLICT OF LAWS
§ 188(1)–(2) (1971)).
36
Id. (citing RESTATEMENT (SECOND) OF CONFLICT OF LAWS § 188(1)–(2) (1971)).
37
MAPCO Alaska Petroleum, Inc. v. Cent. Nat. Ins. Co. of Omaha, 795 F. Supp. 941, 944
(D. Alaska 1991).
31
Lau v. Good Sam Ins. Agency, et al.
Order Regarding Pending Motions
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Here, because the insured vehicle was located in Alaska, both the subject matter of the
contract and the insured risk are located in Alaska. Therefore, Alaska has the most
significant relationship to the transaction and parties, and Alaska law governs the contract’s
interpretation.
In interpreting insurance contracts, Alaska courts look to “(1) the language
of the disputed provisions in the policy, (2) other provisions in the policy, (3) extrinsic
evidence, and (4) case law interpreting similar provisions.” 38 “When reviewing the
language of the disputed provisions, courts ‘construe [policy language] in accordance with
ordinary and customary usage.’” 39
Part C of Mr. Lau’s policy provides coverage for damage to insured
recreational vehicles. 40 Part C covers “transportation and emergency travel expenses” and
specifically provides that “in the event a loss covered under PART C – COVERAGE FOR
DAMAGE TO AN INSURED RECREATIONAL VEHICLE causes an insured
recreational vehicle to be rendered uninhabitable or inoperable more than 50 miles from
the principal garaging or storage location, we will pay you for the expenses you incur for
lodging, transportation and meals.” 41 Elsewhere, the policy defines loss as “sudden, direct,
and accidental destruction or damage.” 42
38
State Farm Fire & Cas. Co. v. Millman, 413 F. Supp. 3d 940, 952 (D. Alaska 2019)
(quoting Allstate Ins. Co. v. Teel, 100 P.3d 2, 4 (Alaska 2004)).
39
Id. (quoting State Farm Mut. v. Dowdy, 192 P.3d 994, 998 (Alaska 2008)).
40
Docket 45-3 at 25.
41
Id. at 26 (emphasis in original).
42
Id. at 19.
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As the Court has noted, Defendants have failed to demonstrate that the record
supports basic facts in this case. 43 In particular, Defendants have failed to cite record
evidence that Mr. Lau’s Fifth Wheel was stored or damaged at Birchmere Boat & RV
Storage. Instead, they seem to assume this fact is in evidence and provide details regarding
the ensuing events. Accordingly, summary judgment cannot be granted on the basis that
Mr. Lau’s Fifth Wheel was damaged at its storage location.
Nonetheless, summary judgment that the emergency expense provision of
Mr. Lau’s policy did not cover transportation of the Fifth Wheel is appropriate. The record
demonstrates that Mr. Lau’s Fifth Wheel was not rendered uninhabitable or inoperable,
construing those terms in accordance with their ordinary usage. In his deposition, Mr. Lau
stated that he towed his Fifth Wheel to Homer, Alaska, “utilized” it in the summer of 2021,
and then transported it to Nilnilchik, Alaska, in September 2021. 44 Manifestly, Mr. Lau’s
vehicle was not rendered uninhabitable or inoperable, as he both inhabited it and operated
it after the alleged loss. As such, Mr. Lau’s policy did not cover transportation of his Fifth
Wheel in this instance. Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment at Docket 46 is
GRANTED.
C.
Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment on Vacation Liability Coverage
At Docket 47, Defendants move for summary judgment on Mr. Lau’s claim
that they were obliged to extend him vacation liability coverage under his insurance policy.
They argue that the policy does not cover damage for which Mr. Lau is not legally
43
44
See supra at n.2.
See Docket 45-2 at 17, 21, 22.
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responsible and it is undisputed that Mr. Lau was not legally responsible for the loss that
caused damage to the Fifth Wheel. 45 Mr. Lau does not directly respond. 46
As the Court has discussed, the record before it does not include the basic,
but crucial, facts of the incident that led to damage to Mr. Lau’s Fifth Wheel. 47 The Court
may not assume facts not in the record and must independently evaluate whether the
movant has met its burden on summary judgment, even if the motion effectively is
unopposed. 48 The Court cannot grant summary judgment here because it lacks the facts to
determine whether Mr. Lau was legally responsible for the damage to his Fifth Wheel.
Defendants Motion for Summary Judgment at Docket 47 is DENIED. Defendants may
correct the deficiencies the Court has identified and refile their motion.
D.
Defendants’ Motion to Compel
At Docket 55, Defendants move to compel Mr. Lau to produce responses to
their First Requests for Production, dated May 30, 2023. They argue that Mr. Lau has
failed to make initial disclosures required under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(a)(1)
and has failed to respond to written requests for production, including requests for financial
information to substantiate Mr. Lau’s claim that he lacked the money to tow his fifth wheel
to Anchorage for repair. 49
45
46
47
48
49
Mr. Lau responds that apparent typographical errors in
Docket 47 at 3–6.
See Docket 52.
See supra n.2.
Cristobal v. Siegel, 26 F.3d 1488, 1496 (9th Cir. 1994).
Docket 56 at 3–5.
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communications from defense counsel poisoned the parties’ relationship and that the
requests for his financial records were irrelevant. 50
When a discovery dispute arises, “a party may move for an order compelling
disclosure or discovery.” 51 However, under Federal Rule 37(a)(1), a party seeking judicial
intervention in a discovery dispute must “certi[fy] that the movant has in good faith
conferred or attempted to confer” before filing its motion. To “confer,” “a moving party
must personally engage in two-way communication with the nonresponding party to
meaningfully discuss each contested discovery dispute in a genuine effort to avoid judicial
intervention.” 52
“Again, ‘conferring’ under Rule 37(a)(2)(B) must be a personal or
telephonic consultation during which the parties engage in meaningful negotiations or
otherwise provide legal support for their position. 53 Here, while Defendants have not
strictly complied with the robust meet-and-confer requirement, the Court concludes that
their failure to do so is excusable given Mr. Lau’s unambiguous rejection of their attempts
to negotiate. 54
When a party files a civil suit, they are required to make initial disclosures
of certain information, including “a computation of each category of damages claimed by
the disclosing party . . . .” 55 As part of these disclosures, the party “must also make
available for inspection and copying . . . the documents or other evidentiary material, unless
50
51
52
53
54
55
Docket 63.
Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(a)(1).
Shuffle Master, Inc. v. Progressive Games, Inc., 170 F.R.D. 166, 171 (D. Nev. 1996).
Id. at 172 (holding a demand letter to opposing counsel did not suffice).
See Docket 55-1 at 14–17.
Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(a)(1)(A)(iii).
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privileged or protected from disclosure, on which each computation is based, including
materials bearing on the nature and extent of injuries suffered.” 56 Moreover, as a general
matter, “[p]arties may obtain discovery regarding any nonprivileged matter that is relevant
to any party’s claim or defense and proportional to the needs of the case . . . .” 57
In this case, Defendants seek an order compelling Mr. Lau to provide initial
disclosures of evidence of his alleged loss of income as a fishing guide, including financial
records and schedules from March 2021 to the present. They contend that, “[o]n October 5,
2023, plaintiff again made his finances an issue in the litigation, when plaintiff alleged he
lost $2,700 of income by towing his fifth wheel to Anchorage from Soldotna to receive an
estimate.” 58 Although Mr. Lau’s complaint does not specifically seek damages for lost
income, it does seek compensatory damages “in an amount not specifically determinable
at this time.” 59 Insofar as Mr. Lau wishes to seek damages that include his lost income, he
must disclose evidence that supports a computation of those damages, including records
that show his income as a fishing guide.
Additionally, Defendants seek an order compelling responses to their
requests for production, including a request asking for all financial records related to
Mr. Lau’s claim that he did not have money to tow his fifth wheel to Anchorage from
Soldotna for repair. This request is not reasonably calculated to lead to admissible
evidence, as the issue of transporting the Fifth Wheel to Anchorage is no longer live.
56
57
58
59
Id.
Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(b)(1).
Docket 56 at 3 (citing Docket 55-1 at 14–18); see also Docket 55-1 at 2.
Docket 1-1 at 3.
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Mr. Lau has transported the vehicle and his request that Defendants arrange the transport
is moot. Discovery of financial records related to Mr. Lau’s claim that he did not have
money to tow his Fifth Wheel to Anchorage therefore is not “relevant to any party’s claim
or defense and proportional to the needs of the case.” 60
Defendants’ motion is GRANTED IN PART AND DENIED IN PART.
E.
Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment on Bad Faith
At Docket 58, Defendants move for summary judgment on Mr. Lau’s claim
of insurance bad faith. They argue that they are not liable for bad faith because they twice
evaluated Mr. Lau’s claim and tendered payment on Mr. Lau’s property damage claim, and
that they had reasonable bases to deny his claims for emergency expense and vacation
liability coverage. 61 Although Mr. Lau did not formally oppose the motion, his crossmotion for summary judgment on his bad faith claims indicates that he believes that
Defendants’ denial of his requests under the emergency expense and vacation liability
provisions of his policy constitute bad faith. 62
All contracts in Alaska carry an implied duty of good faith and fair dealing. 63
“For insurance contracts, breach of this covenant by the insurer gives the insured a cause
of action sounding in tort,” which is commonly referred to as the tort of bad faith in an
insurance context. 64 Alaska courts have not precisely defined the elements of the tort of
60
61
62
63
64
Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(b)(1).
Docket 59 at 1–2, 5–9.
See Docket 66.
Lockwood v. Geico Gen. Ins. Co., 323 P.3d 691, 697 (Alaska 2014).
Id.
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“bad faith,” but “precedent makes clear that the element of breach at least requires the
insured to show that the insurer’s actions were objectively unreasonable under the
circumstances.” 65 For example, “[w]hen a bad faith claim is based on a denial of coverage,
a plaintiff must show that ‘the insurance company’s refusal to honor a claim be made
without a reasonable basis.’” 66
Defendants have not demonstrated that they had a reasonable basis to deny
coverage under the vacation liability provision of Mr. Lau’s policy. As the Court discussed
in its analysis of Defendants’ motion at Docket 47, the record lacks basic facts concerning
the incident that caused damage to Mr. Lau’s vehicle. Accordingly, the Court cannot
determine whether Defendants had a reasonable basis to deny Mr. Lau’s claim under the
vacation liability provision of his policy. Defendants’ motion is DENIED. Defendants
may correct the deficiencies the Court has identified and refile their motion.
F.
Mr. Lau’s Cross-Motion for Summary Judgment on Bad Faith
Finally, at Docket 66, Mr. Lau cross-moves for summary judgment on his
claim of insurance bad faith. He appears to argue that Defendants are liable for bad faith
because they denied coverage under the emergency expense and vacation liability
provisions of his policy. 67 Furthermore, Mr. Lau insists that the denial of his claim for
coverage under two provisions of his policy amounts to bad faith because Defendants now
have tendered payment for the fuel costs he incurred in transporting his Fifth Wheel to
65
Id.
Wroten v. USAA Gen. Indem. Co., 535 F. Supp. 3d 880, 883 (D. Alaska 2021) (quoting
Hillman v. Nationwide Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 855 P.2d 1321, 1324 (Alaska 1993)).
67
Docket 66 at 1–3.
66
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Anchorage. 68 In his view, the inconsistency in Defendants’ treatment of his claims
demonstrates that their denial was without a reasonable basis. Defendants oppose and
argue that Mr. Lau has not carried his burden as the movant. 69
Mr. Lau’s argument fails. As discussed, to prevail on a claim of bad faith
“[w]hen a bad faith claim is based on a denial of coverage, a plaintiff must show that ‘the
insurance company’s refusal to honor a claim be made without a reasonable basis.’” 70 That
Defendants now have reimbursed Mr. Lau’s fuel costs does not show that their initial denial
of his claim was without a reasonable basis. Furthermore, Mr. Lau’s mere assertion that
Defendants are liable for bad faith because they denied his claim does not meet the
summary judgment standard. To succeed on summary judgment, the moving party bears
the burden of establishing the absence of a genuine issue of material fact and that they are
entitled to judgment as a matter of law. 71 To establish that a fact cannot be genuinely
disputed, the movant can either cite the record or show “that the materials cited do not
establish the . . . presence of a genuine dispute, or that an adverse party cannot produce
admissible evidence to support the fact.” 72 Mr. Lau has not cited any part of the record or
shown that Defendants’ denial of his claims was without a reasonable basis. His crossmotion is DENIED.
68
Id. at 2.
Docket 68.
70
Wroten v. USAA Gen. Indem. Co., 535 F. Supp. 3d 880, 883 (D. Alaska 2021) (quoting
Hillman v. Nationwide Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 855 P.2d 1321, 1324 (Alaska 1993)).
71
Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a); see also Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323 (1986).
72
Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(1).
69
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IV.
CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, the Court rules as follows:
1.
Mr. Lau’s Motion to Grant Transportation of Fifth Wheel at
Docket 39 is DENIED AS MOOT.
2.
Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment on Emergency Expense
Coverage at Docket 46 is GRANTED.
3.
Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment on Vacation Liability
Coverage at Docket 47 is DENIED.
4.
Defendants’ Motion to Compel at Docket 55 is GRANTED IN PART
AND DENIED IN PART.
5.
Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment on Insurance Bad Faith
at Docket 58 is DENIED.
6.
Mr. Lau’s Cross Motion for Summary Judgment on Insurance Bad
Faith at Docket 65 is DENIED.
IT IS SO ORDERED this 26th day of March, 2024, at Anchorage, Alaska.
/s/ Joshua M. Kindred
JOSHUA M. KINDRED
United States District Judge
Lau v. Good Sam Ins. Agency, et al.
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