Kangas v. Ryan et al

Filing 26

ORDER ADOPTING IN WHOLE REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION 22 - IT IS ORDERED granting Petitioner's Motion to Amend/Correct Petition for Habeas Corpus (Doc. 19 ). The Clerk shall file in the Proposed Amended Petition lodged at Doc. 20 . IT IS FURTH ER ORDERED denying and dismissing with prejudice the Amended Petition (Doc. 20 ) in this matter, for the reasons set forth above and in more fulsome detail in the R&R. The Clerk shall close this matter. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED denying a Certificate of Appealability and leave to proceed in forma pauperis on appeal because the dismissal of the Petition is justified by a plain procedural bar and reasonable jurists would not find the ruling debatable, and because Petitioner has not made a substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right. (See document for further details). Signed by Judge John J Tuchi on 11/14/17. (LAD)

1

NOT FOR PUBLICATION

2
3
4
5
6

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

7

FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA

8
9

William Edward Kangas,
Petitioner,

10
11

ORDER

v.

12

No. CV-16-03364-PHX-JJT (JZB)

Charles L Ryan, et al.,

13

Respondents.

14
15

Before the Court is Petitioner’s Motion to Amend/Correct Petition for Habeas

16

Corpus (Doc. 19), which United States Magistrate Judge John Z. Boyle has

17

recommended this Court grant (Doc. 22) and to which Respondents have not objected.

18

The Court will grant the motion and Order the lodged Proposed Amended Petition

19

(Doc. 20) filed.

20

Also before the Court is Judge Boyle’s Report and Recommendation (“R&R”)

21

(Doc. 22) recommending that the Court deny and dismiss with prejudice the Amended

22

Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus 2254 (Doc. 20). Petitioner timely filed an Objection

23

to the R&R (Doc. 23), and Respondents filed a Reply in agreement with the R&R

24

(Doc. 24). Upon consideration of each of these submissions, the Court will adopt the

25

R&R in whole, including its reasoning, and will deny and dismiss with prejudice the

26

Amended Petition.

27

Judge Boyle thoroughly and exhaustively analyzed both the procedural

28

impediments to jurisdiction and the shortcomings on the merits of each of the four

1

grounds on which the Amended Petition lay. As Judge Boyle recommended for purposes

2

of addressing the Amended Petition, as a matter of judicial economy the Court will

3

analyze the first three of the four grounds on the merits, even though several or all of

4

those grounds likely would not survive procedural bars to federal habeas review. Upon a

5

review on the merits, Judge Boyle correctly concluded that Grounds One, Two and Three

6

fail. The Court also agrees with Judge Boyle and finds that Ground Four is technically

7

exhausted but procedurally defaulted, and that Petitioner presents no showing of cause

8

and prejudice that would excuse such default.

9

Ground One of the Amended Petition posits that trial counsel provided ineffective

10

assistance within the meaning of Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 688, 684 (1984),

11

when counsel failed to “establish and maintain” an adequate relationship with Petitioner,

12

investigate Petitioner’s case and discuss strategy with Petitioner. Petitioner fails in

13

Ground One to overcome the strong presumption in the law of adequate assistance. The

14

Arizona trial court found an adequate relationship between attorney and client based on

15

objective criteria cited in the record, as Judge Boyle identified expressly in the R&R.

16

Once the state court made such finding, the burden is on Petitioner to prove that decision

17

incorrect by showing—not merely alleging—what trial counsel was required to do but

18

failed to do. Petitioner makes no such showing. Ground One fails.

19

In Ground Two, Petitioner argues that trial counsel was ineffective in not moving

20

for suppression of the computer at the heart of the case against Petitioner and not arguing

21

an inadequate chain of custody as to the resulting evidence. These arguments fail as well.

22

Petitioner’s voluntary grant of access to his computer by a non-government actor does

23

not implicate state action or the Fourth Amendment. And a defect in the chain of custody

24

goes only to the weight of evidence, not its admissibility. Neither decision constituted

25

ineffective assistance.

26

Petitioner urged in Ground Three that trial counsel should have moved for

27

acquittal pursuant to Ariz. R. Cr. P. 20 after the close of all evidence, and that the trial

28

court on Post Conviction Relief (“PCR”) review unreasonably determined facts in

-2-

1

denying a claim of ineffective assistance for this decision. Ground Three has no merit. A

2

Rule 20 motion for acquittal is properly filed at or after the conclusion of the state’s

3

evidence, and as the trial court on PCR review noted, Petitioner’s trial counsel so moved

4

at the conclusion of the state’s case in chief. A Rule 20 motion by definition tests the

5

adequacy of the state’s evidence before any presentation of evidence by the defendant.

6

Once the state has rested its case in chief, the trial court, in deciding a Rule 20 motion,

7

takes into account no other information; it does not consider any evidence a defendant

8

may later adduce. The court’s sole test is whether, standing alone, the evidence put forth

9

by the state in its case in chief, whenever evaluated, was “substantial evidence to warrant

10

the allegation.” Ariz. R. Cr. P. 20(b). For this reason, once trial counsel moved for

11

acquittal pursuant to Rule 20, moving for acquittal again after the conclusion of

12

Petitioner’s own case would have had no effect.

13

Finally, in Ground Four, Petitioner argues that that counsel for the PCR was

14

ineffective because that counsel failed to argue multiple separate irregularities before the

15

grand jury and trial jury. Petitioner’s Ground Four fails both on the merits and because

16

most or all of the errors Petitioner now urges are defaulted. Petitioner never raised to the

17

PCR court three of the actions he now charges as error, including trial counsel’s failure

18

to: 1) strike certain veniremen from the jury panel; 2) challenge the reading of the

19

indictment to the trial jury; and 3) notify the trial court that the state withheld exculpatory

20

evidence. Those errors, if they be errors, are procedurally defaulted without excuse for

21

cause and prejudice. As for Petitioner’s claims that a grand juror had a conflict of

22

interest, PCR counsel did raise these issues to the state court, who correctly decided to

23

pursuant to state law, as Judge Boyle set forth in the R&R. In any event, Petitioner

24

showed no prejudice from any such conflict of interest. Ground Four fails.

25

Petitioner’s Objections (Doc. 23) state no additional information, law or

26

arguments against the R&R. Petitioner merely repeats prior contentions without support

27

and cites very general propositions of law. The Objections fail to dissuade the Court on

28

any of Judge Boyle’s recommended conclusions, or any of the reasoning behind them.

-3-

1

IT IS ORDERED granting Petitioner’s Motion to Amend/Correct Petition for

2

Habeas Corpus (Doc. 19). The Clerk shall file in the Proposed Amended Petition lodged

3

at Doc. 20.

4
5

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED adopting in whole the R&R prepared by Judge
Boyle in this matter (Doc. 22).

6

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED denying and dismissing with prejudice the Amended

7

Petition (Doc. 20) in this matter, for the reasons set forth above and in more fulsome

8

detail in the R&R. The Clerk shall close this matter.

9

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED denying a Certificate of Appealability and leave to

10

proceed in forma pauperis on appeal because the dismissal of the Petition is justified by a

11

plain procedural bar and reasonable jurists would not find the ruling debatable, and

12

because Petitioner has not made a substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional

13

right.

14

Dated this 14th day of November, 2017.

15
16
17

Honorable John J. Tuchi
United States District Judge

18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

-4-