Pohl v. Social Security Administration Commissioner
Filing
10
MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Honorable Erin L. Setser on December 23, 2011. (src)
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
WESTERN DISTRICT OF ARKANSAS
FAYETTEVILLE DIVISION
DAWN L. POHL
PLAINTIFF
v.
CIVIL NO. 10-5170
MICHAEL J. ASTRUE, Commissioner
Social Security Administration
DEFENDANT
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Plaintiff, Dawn L. Pohl, brings this action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 405(g), seeking
judicial review of a decision of the Commissioner of the Social Security Administration
(Commissioner) denying her claims for a period of disability and disability insurance benefits
(DIB) and supplemental security income (SSI) under the provisions of Title II and Title XVI of
the Social Security Act (Act). In this judicial review, the Court must determine whether there
is substantial evidence in the administrative record to support the Commissioner’s decision. See
42 U.S.C. § 405(g).
I.
Procedural Background:
Plaintiff protectively filed her current application for DIB on November 21, 2007,
alleging an inability to work since September 13, 2006, due to a broken leg and tail bone, a bad
knee, and back pain. (Tr. 99-101, 119-29). Plaintiff filed her current application for SSI on June
3, 2008. (Tr. 104-06). An administrative hearing was held on May 6, 2009, at which Plaintiff
appeared with counsel and testified. (Tr. 7-43).
By written decision dated November 5, 2009, the ALJ found Plaintiff was not under a
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
disability from September 13, 2006, through the date of the decision. The ALJ found that during
the relevant time period, Plaintiff had an impairment or combination of impairments that was
severe, specifically a status post broken leg and a status post fractured tail bone. However, after
reviewing all of the evidence presented, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff’s impairments did not
meet or equal the level of severity of any impairment listed in the Listing of Impairments found
in Appendix I, Subpart P, Regulation No. 4. (Tr. 51). The ALJ found that Plaintiff retained the
residual functional capacity (RFC) to:
Lift and carry 10 pounds occasionally and less than 10 pounds frequently;
[Plaintiff] can sit for about 6 hours during an eight-hour workday and can stand
and walk for at least 2 hours during an eight-hour workday; the claimant can
occasionally climb, balance, stoop, kneel, crouch, and crawl.
(Tr. 52-53). With the help of a vocational expert, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff “is capable
of making a successful adjustment to other work that exists in significant numbers in the national
economy.” (Tr. 54-55). The ALJ noted that Plaintiff was capable of working as an assembler,
charge account clerk, and escort vehicle driver. (Tr. 54).
Plaintiff then requested a review of the hearing decision by the Appeals Council, which
considered subsequent evidence, and denied that request. (Tr. 1-4). Subsequently, Plaintiff filed
this action. (Doc. 1). This case is before the undersigned pursuant to the consent of the parties.
(Doc. 5). Both parties have filed appeal briefs, and the case is now ready for decision. (Docs.
8, 9)
II.
Evidence Presented:
At the administrative hearing before the ALJ on May 6, 2009, Plaintiff testified that she
was thirty-six years of age, had obtained a GED, previously had a CNA license, and had
-2-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
secretarial training. (Tr. 12,14). The record reflects Plaintiff’s past work consists of work as a
tree cutter, a CNA, a cashier, and a dump truck driver. (Tr. 124, 140).
The medical evidence during the relevant time period of September 13, 2006 through
November 5, 2009, reflects the following.
On September 13, 2006, Plaintiff was working cutting trees and slipped and fell on a
walnut. (Tr. 33-34). Plaintiff thought she had just sprained her ankle, but after being taken to
the emergency room at Northwest Medical Center in Springdale, Arkansas, realized that she had
fractured her tibia and fibula. (Tr. 189-92). As a result, Plaintiff received internal fixation1 of
the fractures and was placed in a long leg cast. On September 14, 2006, the operating surgeon,
Dr. Cyril Tony Raben, noted in a post-operative report that all of the implants were in good
position, and generally the operation went well. (Tr. 191-92). Radiology reports reinforced the
findings of Dr. Raben in the postoperative report. (Tr. 349-54)
On September 26, 2006, at a follow up exam, Dr. Raben indicated that “[Plaintiff] was
doing well still, even after she had fallen the other day, with the exception of some cramping in
her leg.” (Tr. 334-38). Plaintiff at this time was using crutches to ambulate. (Tr. 334-38).
Plaintiff again saw Dr. Raben on September 29, 2006, and, after having a x-ray done on
Plaintiff’s right ankle on 09/28/2006, he opined that the x-ray showed “satisfactory position of
the fracture fragments with good position of the mortise. She has fallen today and is having an
increase in her leg pain.” (Tr. 330-33, 360)
On October 1, 2006, x-rays of the Plaintiff’s right lower leg were taken at Northwest
Medical Center of Washington County, and were requested “to evaluate for possible presence
1
Internal Fixation: the open reduction and stabilization of fractured bony parts by direct fixation to one another
with surgical wires, screws, pins, and plates. Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary 721 (31st ed. 2007)
-3-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
of a loose foreign body,[] inside the cast.” (Tr. 357-58). The x-rays showed no loose foreign
body inside the cast. (Tr. 357-58).
On October 7, 2006, Plaintiff was admitted into the emergency room at Northwest
Medical Center in Washington County after complaining of a sensation of rocks within the cast.2
(Tr. 180-88). As a result, the cast was cut from her leg, and a new one was applied. (Tr. 184).
Plaintiff experienced no discomfort after the new cast was applied, and no loose foreign bodies
were found within the cast. (Tr. 187).
On October 15, 2006, Plaintiff saw Dr. Gregory Jelinek for an evaluation of her ankle
fracture. (Tr. 359). Dr. Jelinek opined that the right ankle showed internal fixation of tibial and
fibular fractures, and after comparing the current study to the previous one of 09/28/2006, no
significant interval change in position or alignment was seen. (Tr. 359).
On October 16, 2006, Plaintiff visited Dr. Raben, complaining that her toes were turning
blue when she put her foot down. (Tr. 321-24). Dr. Raben indicated that Plaintiff was
constipated and depressed, and had a pain level of “8 out of 10.” (Tr. 321-24).
On November 20, 2006, Plaintiff again visited Dr. Raben, complaining of right leg pain,
and stated that her pain level was a “5 out of 10.” (Tr. 318-20). Dr. Raben opined that the
internal fixation appeared to be in adequate position, as indicated by the recently taken x-rays.
(Tr. 318-20).
On December 18, 2006, Plaintiff saw both Dr. Raben, and Dr. Jelinek at Washington
Regional Medical Center for separate appointments. (Tr. 315, 361). Plaintiff complained to Dr.
Raben of a “tight leg and lower back.” (Tr. 315). Dr. Raben opined that Plaintiff’s cast was
2
The Court notes that the emergency room records were somewhat illegible.
-4-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
breaking down, and as a result he reinforced the heal of the cast. (Tr. 315). At this point,
Plaintiff was still using crutches. (Tr. 315). The impression given by Dr. Jelinek was a “healing
fracture with no significant change in position.” (Tr. 361).
On January 7, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. Barry Wetsell at Washington Regional Medical
Center. (Tr. 362). Dr. Wetsell examined Plaintiff’s ankle fracture, and opined that “[t]he
sharpness of fracture margins are more obscured on this study suggesting a slight degree of
healing.” (Tr. 362). The next day, when the long leg cast was replaced, Plaintiff complained of
depression, as well as “pain on compression of the fracture fragments.” (Tr. 312-14). Medical
records indicate that Plaintiff was still using crutches to ambulate. (Tr. 312-14).
On February 2, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. Mark E. Moss at Washington Regional Medical
Center for an examination of her right ankle. (Tr. 363). Dr. Moss stated that the fracture lines
were still discernable, there had been no significant change as compared to the previous study
taken on December 18, 2006, and that Plaintiff exhibited diffuse osteopenia.3
On February 12, 2007, when Plaintiff saw Dr. Raben, her long leg cast was removed and
replaced with a short leg cast. (Tr. 309-11). Dr. Raben indicated that the fracture lines appeared
to be in good position, Plaintiff had “long leg cast toe touch gait,” and she was becoming
depressed about how long the healing process had taken. (Tr. 309-11).
On February 20, 2007, Plaintiff was seen by Waymon Floyd, a physical therapist. (30508). The record indicates that Plaintiff was anxious to begin the rehabilitation process, and
3
Diffuse osteopenia: reduced bone mass due to a decrease in the rate of osteogenesis to the extent that there is
insufficient compensation for normal bone lysis. The term is also used to refer to any decrease in bone mass
below normal. Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary 1369 (31st ed. 2007).
-5-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
ultimately wanted to return to work trimming trees. (Tr. 305-08). Plaintiff was still using
crutches. (Tr. 306). Mr. Floyd’s assessment reads:
Patient is demonstrating symptoms congruent with diagnosis including loss of
functional hip and knee motion and strength and decreased weight bearing/gait
performance all contributing to decreased functional performance with work
activities, [and] recreational activities . . . . She will have obvious reduction of
her ankle range of motion and strength but [it] can not [sic] be assessed at this
time.
(Tr. 307).
On March 12, 2007, Plaintiff was seen by Dr. Robert L. Morris at Washington Regional
Medical Center regarding x-rays taken of her right ankle. (Tr. 364). Dr. Morris indicated that
the fracture lines were still clearly identifiable in the distal tibia, and there had been no
significant change since 01/07/07, but that the fibular lines were no longer identifiable. On this
same date, Plaintiff had an appointment with Dr. Raben, who indicated that Plaintiff was having
a lot more joint line pain, especially in the medial posterior joint, and Plaintiff had a lag in her
knee extension. (Tr. 298-300). Dr. Raben diagnosed the symptoms as indicative of the original
fracture of her ankle, as well as a knee tear of the medial meniscus. (Tr. 298). As a result, a
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of Plaintiff’s knee was ordered. (Tr. 300).
On March 16, 2007, Plaintiff underwent a MRI of her right knee by Dr. James Wise at
Fayetteville MRI. (Tr. 213, 365). Dr. Wise found osteochondritis4 desiccans5 [sic], and
subchondral bone edema6 consistent with grade IV chondromalacia7. (Tr. 213, 365). There were
no significant abnormalities of the menisci, and ligaments. (Tr. 213, 365).
4
Osteochondritis: inflammation of both bone and cartilage. Id. at 1366.
Osteochondritis dissecans: osteochondritis resulting in the splitting of pieces of cartilage into the joint,
particularly the knee joint or shoulder joint. Id.
6
Subchondral bone edema: the presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces of
the body. Id. at 600.
7
Chondromalacia: softening of the articular cartilage, most frequently of the patella. Id. at 358.
5
-6-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
On April 9, 2007, Plaintiff met with Dr. Raben for a follow-up regarding the March 16,
2007 MRI showing a “osteochondral fracture or osteochondral defect about the femoral
condyles.” (Tr. 284-86). The Plaintiff was still using crutches, but measured her leg pain as a
“1 out of 10.” (Tr. 284). Dr. Raben noted that the Plaintiff’s gait was “crutch walking.” (Tr.
286).
On April 20, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. B. Raye Mitchell at Ozark Orthopaedics, and
Plaintiff complained that she could not straighten her right knee, which had a flexion contracture
of about twenty-five degrees. He noted the MRI taken on March 16, 2007 showed a “small
focus of non-displaced avascular necrosis”8 and bone bruising. (Tr. 210). Dr. Mitchell disagreed
that the MRI showed chondromalacia. (Tr. 210). He thought it was a combination of bone
bruising and disuse osteoporosis.9 (Tr. 210).
On May 21, 2007, Plaintiff met with Dr. Raben complaining of leg pain, giving the level
of pain an “8 out of 10.” (Tr. 275-77). Dr. Raben noted that Plaintiff’s gait appeared normal,
although Plaintiff appeared in mild distress. (Tr. 275-77). The next day, Plaintiff met with Dr.
Mitchell, who opined that Plaintiff was making great progress, and was down to using one crutch
to ambulate instead of two. (Tr. 209).
On June 22, 2007, Plaintiff met with Dr. Matthew J. Coker at Ozark Orthopaedics. (Tr.
207). Plaintiff complained that her knee was clicking a little bit and caused some pain, but no
locking of the knee had occurred, and the pain had been the same since the long leg cast was
8
Avascular necrosis: the sum of the morphological changes indicative of cell death and caused by the
progressive degradative action of enzymes. Id. at 1254.
9
Disuse osteoporosis: decrease in bone substance as a result of lack of re-formation of laminae in the absence of
functional stress that ordinarily leads to their replacement in new stress lines. Id. at 1369.
-7-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
removed. (Tr. 207). Dr. Coker noted that the Plaintiff had mild effusion10, and “[was] getting
out to about -5 degrees full extension at [that] time which [was] a significant improvement from
the original evaluation.” (Tr. 207).
On July 10, 2007, Plaintiff visited Dr. Raben, and Dr. Gary Jones at Washington
Regional Medical Center. (Tr. 272-74, 366). Dr. Jones examined Plaintiff’s fractured ankle and
noted that “[p]atient’s plate and screws are seen fixating a fibular fracture. Screws are seen
fixating an old tibial fracture. There is some osteoporosis.” (Tr. 366). Dr. Raben indicated that
Plaintiff was experiencing right leg pain, and was still using crutches to ambulate. (Tr. 272-74).
Dr. Raben noted that Plaintiff’s gait appeared normal, and that Plaintiff was in mild distress. (Tr.
272-74).
On August 3, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. Coker at Ozark Orthopaedics for a right knee
evaluation. (Tr. 206). Dr. Coker noted that Plaintiff was using one crutch to ambulate, although
he recommended switching to “a cane and see how that works. . . .” (Tr. 206).
On August 14, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. Jelinek at Washington Regional Medical Center
for an examination of her right ankle, as well as an examination of her spine. (Tr. 367-68).
Plaintiff also saw Dr. Raben. (Tr. 268-71). At the visit with Dr. Raben, Plaintiff indicated that
she was having pain in her ankle and lumbar spine. (Tr. 268-71). Dr. Raben stated that Plaintiff
was complaining more of her upper back than her leg. (Tr. 268). Dr Raben noted:
[plaintiff] is getting fairly good extension of her knee now. She has been
working with physical therapy for an extended period of time. I noticed some
subtalar arthritis as well [as] decreased joint space of the ankle itself, however,
her plain films show good position of the fracture fragments and mortise.
(Tr. 268). Dr. Raben indicated that Plaintiff’s gait was “crutch walking,” and Plaintiff’s distress
10
Effusion: the escape of fluid into a part or tissue, as an exudation or a transudation. Id. at 603.
-8-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
was non-existent to mild. (Tr. 270).
The impression given by Dr. Jelinek on August 14, 2007, was “healed fractures of tibia
and fibula with internal fixation,” although he noted some demineralization. (Tr. 367). Dr.
Jelinek viewed the x-ray of Plaintiff’s lumbar spine and could not identify the cause of her pain.
(Tr. 368). The impression given by Dr. Jelinek was a “negative examination.” (Tr. 368).
On August 16, 2007, Plaintiff was seen by Mr. Floyd, for a physical therapy evaluation
of her back. (Tr. 264-66). Plaintiff mentioned that her back had begun bothering her several
months prior, and had been getting worse. Plaintiff noted that “standing and walking [hurt] her
back.” (Tr. 264). Mr. Floyd noted in his assessment that:
[p]atient is demonstrating symptoms congruent with diagnosis including lumbar
spine mobility, decreased lumbar spine stabilization strength, decreased lower
extremity functional strengths, decreased lower extremity flexibility, decreased
postural maintenance, decreased body mechanic maintenance, diagnosis related
pain all contributing to decreased functional performance with work activities,
recreational activities, activities related to daily living, household activities.
Patients lumbar spine pain is directly related to her inability to move and walk
without deviations secondary to the problems in her leg so to address her lumbar
spine pain we will need to normalize[] the use of her right lower extremity.
(Tr. 265). Plaintiff reported to Mr. Floyd that sitting improved symptoms in her back for a short
time, her right leg was numb from the mid-shin to the foot, and she was still walking with a cane.
(Tr. 264).
On September 4, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. Raben for right knee pain, right ankle pain, and
back pain. (Tr. 254-57). Pertaining to Plaintiff’s lower back, Dr. Raben noted the possibility of
some instability, and “an acutely angled sacral11 fracture that is old in nature.” (Tr. 254). As a
result of these findings, Dr. Raben ordered a MRI of her lumbar spine. (Tr. 254). Dr. Raben
11
Sacral: pertaining to or situated near the sacrum. Id. at 1687. The sacrum is the triangular bone just below the
lumbar vertebrae. Id.
-9-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
diagnosed Plaintiff with lumbar spine disc degeneration, and lumbar spine disc herniation. (Tr.
256). Plaintiff was still ambulating with a cane, and appeared to be in mild to moderate distress.
(Tr. 255-56).
On September 18, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. Coker at Ozark Orthopaedics for a right knee
evaluation. (Tr. 205). Dr. Coker opined that Plaintiff showed some progress, although she still
had problems getting her knee fully extended, and that the knee would get “quite tight” after
about minus five degrees of full extension. (Tr. 205). Dr. Coker recommended a dynamic knee
brace, and mentioned that a “scope” would not help with the problem at that point. (Tr. 205).
On September 25, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. Raben complaining of back and ankle pain.
(Tr. 245-48). Dr. Raben noted that Plaintiff was not approved by workers compensation for the
MRI of her lumbar spine, and as a result did not have it done. (Tr. 245). Dr. Raben noted that
Plaintiff had a reduced range of motion in her spine, ribs, and pelvis, and “some flexion
deformity. . . about the knee.” (Tr. 247).
On September 28, 2007, Plaintiff had a MRI of her right knee performed at Ozark
Orthopaedics, by Dr. Jennifer Turner. (Tr. 211-12). Dr. Turner found:
[b]oth anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are intact. The medial and lateral
collateral ligaments also appear to be within normal limits. Findings suspicious
for some minimal to very mild bone marrow edema changes are seen involving
the anterior medial aspect of the right knee. Quadriceps and patellar tendons are
both intact. Small joint effusion is seen. There is a hint of an incomplete
horizontal tear seen involving the posterior horn of the medial meniscus. The
patella is normal in location without evidence of subluxation. No significant
cartilaginous defects are noted. No soft tissue or focal bone lesions are identified.
(Tr. 211-12).
On October 11, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. Coker at Ozark Orthopeadics for an evaluation
-10-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
of her right knee, and to go over the findings of the MRI taken on September 28, 2007. (Tr.
204). Dr. Coker viewed the MRI and noted:
MRI shows no evidence of the osteochondral defect lesion of the knee. Shows
no evidence of meniscal tears. No intra-articular abnormalities. It says a
questionable tear of the meniscus but in looking at it, I don’t think that’s the case.
She does have a little bit of edema in the proximal tibia but again, I don’t think
that has to do with the discomfort and the stiffness that she has. . . .
(Tr. 204). Dr. Coker also opined that “[n]o surgical intervention is necessary at this time unless
things change, I don’t think it will.” (Tr. 204).
On October 30, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. Raben, who noted that Plaintiff’s back pain may
be overtaking her leg pain at this time. (Tr. 230-33). Dr. Raben noted that Plaintiff had a
reduced range of motion and tenderness in her spine, ribs and pelvis, she was using a dynamic
knee brace, and she was in mild distress. (Tr. 231-32). Dr. Raben diagnosed Plaintiff with
lumbar spine disc degeneration, lumbar spine disc herniation, and fractures of the tibula and
fibula. (Tr. 232).
On November 26, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. Coker at Ozark Orthopaedics for an evaluation
of her right knee. (Tr. 203). Dr. Coker noted that Plaintiff was “still having problems with a
flexion contracture of the knee,” although mild at approximately five degrees. (Tr. 203). Dr.
Coker recommended continuing with the bracing, and strengthening exercises. (Tr. 203).
On December 11, 2007, Plaintiff saw Dr. Raben, complaining of back pain. (Tr. 215-18).
At that time, Dr. Raben noted that Plaintiff had reached maximum medical intervention. Dr.
Raben provided an overall impairment rating as follows:
Partial permanent impairment for this according to the Arkansas modification of
the guidelines permanent impairment which is for table 36 would show a
moderate impairment of 20% of her body as a whole for gait and 2% of her body
-11-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
as a whole for loss of cartilage about her ankle which would also rate her at 5%
for her lower extremity and 7% for her foot. Overall impairment rating according
[to the] combined table would be 22%
(Tr. 215). Dr. Raben diagnosed Plaintiff with lumbar spine pain, and lumbar spine radiculitis.12
On January 9, 2008, Dr. Robert Redd completed a Physical Residual Functional Capacity
Assessment (RFC) for the Plaintiff. (Tr. 371-78). Dr. Redd found that Plaintiff could
occasionally lift and/or carry ten pounds, frequently lift and/or carry less than ten pounds, stand
and/or walk at least two hours in an eight-hour work day, sit about six hours in an eight-hour
work day, and push and/or pull an unlimited amount of time, other than as shown for lift and/or
carry restrictions. (Tr. 371-78). Dr. Redd noted that Plaintiff could occasionally climb ramps
or stairs, balance, stoop, kneel, crouch, and crawl. (Tr. 373). Dr. Redd noted no communicative
or environmental limitations. (Tr. 375). Dr. Redd commented that Plaintiff had a persistent mild
5 degree flexion contracture of the right knee and used a cane. He did not feel that further
surgical intervention was warranted at this time. Plaintiff’s deep tendon reflexes and gait were
normal. (Tr. 378). On May 9, 2008, Dr. David L. Hicks reviewed this RFC assessment and
affirmed the findings. (Tr. 381).
On January 10, 2008, Plaintiff had a “lumbar spine MRI without contrast” performed at
Northwest Arkansas Medical Imaging, Inc., by Dr. Douglas E. Elliott. (Tr. 418). Dr. Elliott’s
impression stated there was no MRI evidence of the source of Plaintiff’s pain.(Tr. 418).
On January 11, 2008, Plaintiff saw Dr. Raben for a follow-up of the MRI of her lumbar
spine, and Dr. Raben noted that the MRI showed a completely normal study. (Tr. 414-16). He
believed Plaintiff had reached maximum medical intervention, and thought Plaintiff could be
12
Radiculitis: inflammation of the root of a spinal nerve. Id. at 1595.
-12-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
released to sedentary work. (Tr. 414). Dr. Raben also noted “some knee lag extension,” and that
Plaintiff was in no distress. (Tr. 416). Dr. Raben authorized Plaintiff’s return to work with
restrictions. (Tr. 416).
On January 29, 2008, Plaintiff saw Dr. Coker at Ozark Orthopaedics, who performed an
impairment rating, and agreed with Dr. Raben that Plaintiff had reached her maximum medical
intervention. (Tr. 417). Dr. Coker’s rating was as follows:
[Plaintiff’s] [i]mpairment rating is based on passive range of motion of the right
knee and is based on the AMA Guides of Evaluation of Permanent Impairment
Fourth Edition. She[,] as stated above[,] did have a tibia fracture as well that I
believe has gone on to heal well. The fracture is well aligned and therefore there
is no impairment due to the fracture. Based on her motion of her knee which
shows excellent flexion past 120 degrees but she does have loss of extension.
She has a flexion contracture of approximately 6 or 7 degrees which, based on
impairment of the knee due to motion, signifies a mild impairment which
equivocates to a 10 percent impairment rating for the lower extremity and 4
percent for the whole person. She has no instability of the knee with varus/valgus
stresses or AP stresses.
(Tr. 417). Dr. Coker opined that Plaintiff would likely see no further improvement in her
motion, and that the pain in her knee was consistent with patellofemoral syndrome.13 (Tr. 417).
On April 1, 2008, Plaintiff saw Dr. Raben for a follow-up appointment. (Tr. 382-85).
Since the last visit with Dr. Raben, Plaintiff reported that her knee had given way, and that she
was having numbness in her right buttock. (Tr. 382). Plaintiff was ambulating with a cane, and
Dr. Raben noted exaggerated antalgic gait, and a “tearful mood and affect.” (Tr. 384).
On June 3, 2008, Plaintiff sought assistance from Ozark Guidance, Inc., for an emergency
visit. (Tr. 423-24). Plaintiff saw Dr. Travis W. Jenkins and an employee of Ozark Guidance,
Inc., Kristen Speer. (Tr. 423024). Dr. Jenkins opined that Plaintiff was depressed and, as a
13
Pattellofemoral syndrome: anterior knee pain due to a structural or functional disturbance in the relation
between the patella and distal femur. Stedman’s Medical Dictionary 1908 (28th ed. 2006).
-13-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
result, proscribed her Fluoxetine. (Tr. 423). Ms. Speer noted that Plaintiff was crying
excessively and felt worthless, and she was having suicidal thoughts but reported that she will
not act on them. (Tr. 424).
On June 17, 2008, Plaintiff returned to Ozark Guidance, Inc. for a follow up appointment.
(Tr. 421-22). Barbra Wise-Doyle, a licensed professional counselor, noted that Plaintiff:
is living with a guy and takes care of the house and his kids while he travels for
his job. [Plaintiff] said it is a job and gives her a place to live with her kids.
[Plaintiff] said she has three kids of her own and he has 3 and the job is very
nerve wrecking but she is managing.
(Tr. 421). Dr. Ardell William Diessner, Staff Psychiatrist at Ozark Guidance, Inc., noted that
Plaintiff’s depression had been lifting, and Plaintiff reported feeling a little better. (Tr. 422).
On July 29, 2008, Plaintiff saw Dr. Christopher A. Arnold at Arnold Orthopaedic and
Sports Medicine, for right knee pain. (Tr. 404-05). Dr. Arnold noted that Plaintiff had “some
disuse osteoporosis” in her right knee. (Tr. 404-05). Dr. Arnold gave the impression that there
was “[r]ight knee pain after a work-related injury with significant flexion contracture, possible
chondral defect and possible medial meniscus tear.” (Tr. 405).
On August 24, 2008, a MRI was performed by Dr. Jarret D. Sanders at Washington
Regional Medical Center of Plaintiff’s right knee. (Tr. 408). Dr. Sanders reported the following
findings: “[t]he menisci and articular cartilage are normal. The cruciate and collateral ligaments
are intact. The extensor mechanism is normal. A small air fluid is seen within the joint space.
No loose bodies are identified. No Baker’s cyst is seen.” (Tr. 408).
On October 14, 2008, Plaintiff saw Dr. Arnold, who noted that “[Plaintiff’s] MRI was
negative but I am concerned she has a chondral defect.” (Tr. 389-94). At that visit, Plaintiff and
-14-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
Dr. Arnold agreed that a “scope” of the right knee may be the best option. (Tr. 390-91).
On November 26, 2008, Plaintiff was seen by Dr. Michael W. Morse at Neurological
Associates, PLC. (Tr. 386-87). Dr. Morse gave the following impression:
[r]ight lower extremity atrophy after a distal fracture of the tibia and fubula. She
has a decreased right knee jerk and atrophy of both the thigh and the lower leg.
She has a 2 cm difference in both the thigh and the calf being smaller on the right
than the left. She does have some difficulty walking on her heel and toe with the
right leg. She has an antalgic gait. There is a little bit of difficulty walking stairs.
(Tr. 387). Dr. Morse recommended an Plaintiff undergo an EMG/nerve conduction study to
evaluate the atrophy. (Tr. 387).
On December 8, 2008, Plaintiff again saw Dr. Morse to discuss the findings of the
EMG/nerve conduction study. (Tr. 397-99). Dr. Morse noted that the tests came back normal,
and he could provide no explanation for Plaintiff’s right leg atrophy. (Tr. 397).
On April 14, 2009, Plaintiff saw Dr. Charles E. Pearce at Arkansas Specialty
Orthopaedics for an evaluation of her right knee. (Tr. 419-20). Dr. Pearce noted that Plaintiff
“will not be able to return to her work as a tree surgeon,” and that Plaintiff had reached
maximum medical improvement. (Tr. 419-20). Dr. Pearce noted some diffuse osteoporosis in
Plaintiff’s right knee, a “broad based gait,” and ankle and knee arthrofibrosis. (Tr. 419-20). The
findings of Dr. Pearce were consistent with previous examinations, especially pertaining to
Plaintiff’s flexion contracture. Dr. Pearce agreed with the permanent partial impairment given
by Dr. Raben and Dr. Coker. (Tr. 419).
On July 21, 2009, Plaintiff saw Dr. Arnold for an examination of her right knee. (Tr.
429-30). Both Dr. Arnold and Plaintiff agreed that a “scope” was the best course of action. (Tr.
429-30). Generally, there had been little improvement in her right knee.
-15-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
On October 30, 2009, Plaintiff saw Dr. Arnold at Physicians Specialty Hospital for a right
knee arthoscopy. (Tr. 426-28). The postoperative diagnosis indicated a “[r]ight knee chondral
defect of the patella, medial femoral condyle with large loose body approximately 1 x 1 cm with
slight flexion contracture of the knee.” (Tr. 426). The arthoscopic findings were:
Grade 3 chondral changes about the patella. Trochlea was soft but intact. Medial
gutter clear. She has grade 3 chondral change about most anterior portion of the
medial feloral condyle. She had a large grade 4 chondral defect about the most
posterior aspect of the medial femoral condyle in an area measuring 1.5 by 1.5 cm.
She had a large loose body. It was all articular cartilage 1 cm x 1 cm. Medial
meniscus intact. Medial tibial plateau intact. ACL and PCL were intact. Lateral
meniscus and lateral femoral condyle intact. Lateral gutter clear.
(Tr. 426).
From February 20, 2007 to April 26, 2007, Plaintiff was scheduled to attend
approximately fourteen physical therapy appointments with Waymon Floyd. (Tr. 278-79, 28788, 290-92, 294-97, 301-08). Plaintiff only attended approximately seven of these appointments.
(Tr. 278-79, 287-88, 290-92, 294-97, 301-08). The notes of the appointments indicated that
Plaintiff was showing slight objective improvements following treatment, and her pain was less
following treatment.
(Tr. 278-79, 287-88, 290-92, 294-97, 301-08).
From around April 20, 2007 to August 3, 2007, Plaintiff was attending physical therapy
at Ozark Orthopaedics. (Tr. 206-10). The record indicates that Plaintiff attended physical
therapy at that time about three times a week. (Tr. 206-10).
From August 15, 2007 to December 6, 2007, Plaintiff began using the physical therapy
services of Waymon Floyd again. (Tr. 219-23, 225, 227-29, 235-44, 249-53, 258-67). Plaintiff
was scheduled to attend approximately thirty-two appointments during this time, of which she
attended twenty-three. (Tr. 219-23, 225, 227-29, 235-44, 249-53, 258-67). Plaintiff, through
-16-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
physical therapy, was showing slight objective improvements, and her pain was generally less
following treatment. (Tr. 219-23, 225, 227-29, 235-44, 249-53, 258-67).
Plaintiff sought physical therapy on three occasions from September 9, 2008 to
September 23, 2008 from Arnold Orthopaedics. (Tr. 395). The physical therapy notes for these
sessions indicated a very mild change, if any. (Tr. 395).
III.
Applicable Law:
This Court’s role is to determine whether the Commissioner’s findings are supported by
substantial evidence on the record as a whole. Ramirez v. Barnhart, 292 F.3d 576, 583 (8th Cir.
2002). Substantial evidence is less than a preponderance but it is enough that a reasonable mind
would find it adequate to support the Commissioner’s decision. The ALJ’s decision must be
affirmed if the record contains substantial evidence to support it. Edwards v. Barnhart, 314 F.3d
964, 966 (8th Cir. 2003). As long as there is substantial evidence in the record that supports the
Commissioner’s decision, the Court may not reverse it simply because substantial evidence exists
in the record that would have supported a contrary outcome, or because the Court would have
decided the case differently. Haley v. Massanari, 258 F.3d 742, 747 (8th Cir. 2001). In other
words, if after reviewing the record it is possible to draw two inconsistent positions from the
evidence and one of those positions represents the findings of the ALJ, the decision of the ALJ
must be affirmed. Young v. Apfel, 221 F.3d 1065, 1068 (8th Cir. 2000).
It is well-established that a claimant for Social Security disability benefits has the burden
of proving her disability by establishing a physical or mental disability that has lasted at least one
year and prevents her from engaging in any substantial gainful activity. Pearsall v. Massanari,
274 F.3d 1211, 1217 (8th Cir. 2001); see also 42 U.S.C. §§ 423(d)(3), 1382(3)(c). A Plaintiff must
-17-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
show that her disability, not simply her impairment, has lasted for at least twelve consecutive
months.
The Commissioner’s regulations require him to apply a five-step sequential evaluation
process to each claim for disability benefits: (1) Whether the claimant has engaged in substantial
gainful activity since filing her claim; (2) whether the claimant has a severe physical and/or
mental impairment or combination of impairments; (3) whether the impairment(s) meet or equal
an impairment in the listings; (4) whether the impairment(s) prevent the claimant from doing past
relevant work; and (5) whether the claimant is able to perform other work in the national economy
given her age, education, and experience. See 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520, 416.920. Only if the final
stage is reached does the fact finder consider the Plaintiff’s age, education, and work experience
in light of her residual functional capacity. See McCoy v. Schweiker, 683 F.2d 1138, 1141-42
(8th Cir. 1982); 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520, 416.920.
IV.
Discussion:
Plaintiff contends that the ALJ erred in not properly assessing: (1) the combined effect of
Plaintiff’s impairments, including Plaintiff’s mental impairments; (2) Plaintiff’s credibility and
subjective complaints; and (3) Plaintiff’s residual functional capacity.
A. Combined Effect of Plaintiff’s Impairments:
The ALJ must make a determination at step two whether the Claimant has a medically
determinable impairment that is severe or a combination of impairments that is severe. 20 C.F.R.
§§ 404.1520 (c), 416.920(c). An impairment is severe within the meaning of the regulations if
it significantly limits an individual’s ability to perform basic work activities. 20 C.F.R. §§
1520(a)(4)(ii), 416.920(a)(4)(ii). An impairment or combination of impairments is not severe
-18-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
when medical and other evidence establish only a slight abnormality or a combination of slight
abnormalities that would have no more than a minimal effect on an individual’s ability to work.
20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1521, 416.921. The Supreme Court has adopted a “de minimis standard” with
regard to the step two severity standard. Hudson v. Bowen, 870 F.2d 1392, 1395 (8th Cir. 1989).
“Only those claimants with slight abnormalities that do not significantly limit any ‘basic work
activity’ can be denied benefits [at step two].” Bowen v. Yuckert, 482 U.S. 137, 158 (1987)
(O’CONNOR, J concurring).
The ALJ determined that the Plaintiff suffered from the severe impairments of “status post
broken leg and status post fractured tail bone.” (Tr. 52). The ALJ found that other alleged
disabilities “have not been shown to have caused more than minimal restriction on the claimant’s
ability to perform work-related activities and are thus considered nonsevere impairments.” (Tr.
52).
The undersigned finds that the ALJ properly determined Plaintiff’s impairments or
combination of impairments did not medically equal a listed impairment. The ALJ consistently
stated that the combination of impairments was being taken into consideration, which is sufficient
to show substantial evidence in support of the ALJ. Hajek v. Shalala, 30 F.3d 89, 92 (8th Cir.
1994). For instance, the ALJ stated “The medical evidence does not document listing-level
severity, and no acceptable medical source has mentioned findings equivalent in severity to the
criteria of any listed impairment, individually or in combination.” (Tr. 51)(emphasis added).
Further, the ALJ recognized that disability is “the inability to engage in any substantial gainful
activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment or combination
of impairments . . . .”(Tr. 49)(emphasis added). The ALJ stated that when determining a RFC
-19-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
“the [ALJ] must consider all of the claimant’s impairments, including impairments that are not
severe.” (Tr. 50)(emphasis added). In addition, the ALJ reiterated that he had taken the
impairments in combination by stating “the [ALJ] finds that the claimant’s medically
determinable impairments could reasonably be expected to cause the alleged symptoms. . . .” (Tr.
53)(emphasis added). The ALJ consistently mentioned throughout the opinion that a combination
of impairments must be taken into consideration. Accordingly, the undersigned finds that
substantial evidence indicates that the ALJ did take all impairments and combination of
impairments into consideration when determining Plaintiff’s disability status.
Regarding Plaintiff’s mental disability, the ALJ’s determination that Plaintiff’s alleged
mental disability constituted a nonsevere impairment is supported by substantial evidence in the
record. First, Plaintiff only sought specialized treatment for mental problems on two occasions,
June 3, 2008 and June 17, 2008. (Tr. 421-423). On the second visit, evidence indicated that
Plaintiff stated “I’m beginning to feel a little better.” (Tr. 422). Dr. Diessner, opined on this
second visit that her “[d]epression seems to be lifting a little bit with the Fluoxetine.” (Tr. 422).
See Kisling v. Chater, 105 F.3d 1255, 1257 (finding that impairments that are controllable or
amenable to treatment do not support a finding of disability). There is no evidence in the record
that after this second visit Plaintiff sought further mental health treatment. See Shannon v.
Chater, 54 F.3d 484, 486 (8th Cir. 1995) (“While not dispositive, a failure to seek treatment may
indicate the relative seriousness of a medical problem). Plaintiff testified at the hearing in May,
2009, that she had “bouts of depression,” which was inconsistent with the allegation of a severe
impairment. (Tr. 21). Plaintiff provided no evidence that her mental impairments caused any
functional limitation on her ability to work.
-20-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
Plaintiff’s original application for disability insurance benefits alleged the illnesses,
injuries, or conditions that limit work as “[l]eg broken and tail bone, knee is bad, I have alot [sic]
of pain in my back.” (Tr. 123). The fact that Plaintiff did not allege depression or any mental
disability on her original application is a significant factor in determining whether this alleged
impairment is, in fact, severe. Page v. Astrue, 484 F.3d 1040, 1044 (8th Cir. 2007); Dunahoo v.
Apfel, 241 F.3d 1033, 1039 (8th Cir. 2001)(“The fact that [Plaintiff] did not allege depression in
her application for disability benefits is significant, even if the evidence of depression was later
developed.”)(citing Smith v. Shalala, 987, F.2d 1371, 1375 (8th Cir. 1991).
Accordingly, the undersigned finds that there was substantial evidence to support the
findings of the ALJ regarding categorizing Plaintiff’s alleged mental impairment as nonsevere.
B.
Subjective Complaints and Credibility Analysis:
The ALJ was required to consider all the evidence relating to Plaintiff’s subjective
complaints including evidence presented by third parties that relates to: (1) Plaintiff’s daily
activities; (2) the duration, frequency, and intensity of her pain; (3) precipitating and aggravating
factors; (4) dosage, effectiveness, and side effects of her medication; and (5) functional
restrictions. See Polaski v. Heckler, 739 F.2d 1320, 1322 (8th Cir. 1984). While an ALJ may not
discount a claimant’s subjective complaints solely because the medical evidence fails to support
them, and ALJ may discount those complaints where inconsistencies appear in the record as a
whole. Id. As the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit observed, “Our
touchstone is that [a claimant’s] credibility is primarily a matter for the ALJ to decide.” Edwards
v. Barnhart, 314 F.3d 964, 966 (8th Cir. 2003).
After reviewing the administrative record, it is clear that the ALJ properly evaluated
-21-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
Plaintiff’s subjective complaints. Although Plaintiff contended that her arthrofibrosis, hip pain,
lumbar spine disc degeneration and lumbar spine disc herniation were severely disabling, the
evidence of record does not support this conclusion.
The ALJ specifically states “the [ALJ] has considered all symptoms and the extent to
which these symptoms can reasonably be accepted as consistent with the objective medical
evidence and other evidence, based on the requirements of 20 C.F.R.§ § 404.1529 and 416.929
and SSRs 96-4p and 96-7p.” (Tr. 52). Although not specifically citing Polaski, the ALJ took the
factors of 20 C.F.R § 404.1529 and 416.929 into consideration, which largely mirror the Polaski
factors. (Tr. 52). See Schultz v. Astrue, 479 F.3d 979, 983 (8th Cir. 2007). Therefore,
specifically citing Polaski is not required, and an ALJ need not discuss each Polaski factor. Id.;
Brown v. Chater, 87 F.3d 963, 965 (8th Cir. 1996). Furthermore, a relevant factor when
determining a claimant’s subjective complaints is the absence of objective medical evidence in
support of the claims. Strongson v. Barnhart, 361 F.3d 1066, 1072 (8th Cir. 2004). It is sufficient
if the ALJ acknowledges and considers the Polaski factors before discounting a claimant's
subjective complaints. Id. “If the ALJ discredits a claimant's credibility and gives a good reason
for doing so, we will defer to its judgment even if every factor is not discussed in depth.”
Dunahoo v. Apfel, 241 F.3d 1033, 1038 (8th Cir. 2001).
With regard to the credibility of the allegations made by the Plaintiff, The ALJ specifically
mentioned:
While the claimant alleged serious impairment both around the time she filed for
disability, in late 2007, and in the hearing in May of 2009, she nonetheless took
care of a house and 6 kids in at least part of 2008. In fact, records from Ozark
Guidance Center, dated June 17, 2008, indicate that the claimant was living with
a guy and ‘takes care of the house and his kids while he travels for his job.’ The
-22-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
records further noted that she ‘said it was a job and gives her a place to live with
her kids.’
(Tr. 52). The ALJ specifically mentioned that “the claimant’s statements concerning the intensity,
persistence and limiting effects of these symptoms are not credible to the extent they are
inconsistent with [the ALJ’s] residual functional capacity assessment.” (Tr. 53).
The Plaintiff had repeatedly indicated that she had extreme trouble doing household
chores. For instance Plaintiff stated “I can’t be on my feet, sit or stand for very long at all.” (Tr.
123). Plaintiff indicated that she needed the assistance of a bar in the bathroom to get in and out
of the shower, and that she could lift the laundry, but not carry it because she has a hard time
walking. (Tr. 25-26). All of these statements are inconsistent with the ability to take care of six
children. Accordingly, the undersigned finds that the fact that the ALJ discredited Plaintiff’s
statements regarding subjective complaints was supported by substantial evidence.
Regarding the lack of objective medical evidence to support the subjective claims, the ALJ
noted:
[t]he claimant in this case underwent numerous tests such as magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI), x-rays, and other tests. These findings produced fairly consistent
results. For example, the claimant had at least three MRI’s conducted on her right
knee since her September 2006 injury. The results of those MRI’s were either
normal, as on the most recent occasion, or included language such as mild,
questionable, and no significant abnormalities, in addition to other apparently
minor findings.
(Tr. 53). The ALJ then listed instances of both good and bad objective results, including the lack
of objective medical evidence to support complaints of back pain, the fact that the initial injury
had healed well, and that other tests were performed where the results had been within normal
limits. (Tr. 53). The ALJ considered many tests conducted on Plaintiff, nearly all of which
-23-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
provided no objective results to the source of Plaintiff’s pain. The lack of objective medical
evidence, in addition to the discredited testimony of Plaintiff, all support the credibility findings
of the ALJ.
The undersigned finds that the ALJ provided good reason for discrediting Plaintiff’s
subjective complaints of pain, and are thus supported by substantial evidence. Further, the
undersigned finds that the ALJ did take into consideration the “Polaski” factors.
C.
RFC Assessment:
We next turn to the ALJ’s assessment of plaintiff’s RFC. RFC is the most a person can
do despite that person’s limitation. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1545(a)(1). It is assessed using all relevant
evidence in the record. Id. This includes medical records, observations of treating physicians and
others, and the claimant’s own descriptions of her limitations. Guilliams v. Barnhart, 393 F.3d
798, 801 (8th Cir. 2005); Eichelberger v. Barnhart, 390 F.3d 584, 591 (8th Cir. 2004). Limitations
resulting from symptoms such as pain are also factored into the assessment. 20 C.F.R. §
404.1545(a)(3). The United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit has held that a
“claimant’s residual functional capacity is a medical question.” Lauer v. Apfel, 245 F.3d 700, 704
(8th Cir. 2001). Therefore, an ALJ’s determination concerning a claimant’s RFC must be
supported by medical evidence that addresses the claimant’s ability to function in the workplace.
Lewis v. Barnhart, 353 F.3d 642, 646 (8th Cir. 2003). “[T]he ALJ is [also] required to set forth
specifically a claimant’s limitations and to determine how those limitations affect his RFC.” Id.
In the present case, the ALJ considered the medical assessments of examining agency
medical consultants, Plaintiff’s subjective complaints, and other evidence of record. (Tr. 53).
The ALJ specifically mentioned that he had taken “state agency determinations” into
-24-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
consideration, including the RFC assessment given by Dr. Robert Redd. (Tr. 53). Dr. Redd
indicated that Plaintiff could occasionally lift and/or carry ten pounds, frequently lift and/or carry
less than ten pounds, stand and/or walk at least two hours in an eight-hour work day, sit about six
hours in an eight-hour work day, and push and/or pull an unlimited amount of time, other than
as shown for lift and/or carry restrictions. (Tr. 371-78). Dr. Redd noted that Plaintiff could
occasionally climb ramps or stairs, balance, stoop, kneel, crouch, and crawl. (Tr. 373). This RFC
assessment was subsequently affirmed by Dr. David L. Hicks. (Tr. 381).
The ALJ specifically mentioned taking “other evidence of record into consideration.”(Tr.
53). “For example, Dr. Charles Pearce, M.D., agreed with the claimant’s treating physician, Dr.
Cyril Raben, in determining that the claimant can return to work at the sedentary level.” (Tr. 53).
Furthermore, the ALJ noted that these findings were not inconsistent with the findings of Dr.
Coker. (Tr. 53). “Dr. Coker noted in part that the claimant had a ‘mild impairment which
equivocates to a 10 percent impairment rating for the lower extremity and 4-percent for the whole
person.’”(Tr. 53). The ALJ noted that “these findings are consistent with the evidence of record
generally.” (Tr. 53).
The ALJ also took other tests performed on the Plaintiff into consideration, including
MRI’s, x-ray’s, and other tests. (Tr. 53). The ALJ noted that these tests generally included
“language such as mild, questionable, and no significant abnormalities, in addition to other
apparently minor findings.” (Tr. 53). The ALJ noted that at least one x-ray had found some
disuse osteoporosis, and the Plaintiff had range of motion problems with her knee. (Tr. 53).
After reviewing the evidence of record, we find the ALJ’s RFC findings were supported
by substantial evidence. Dixon v. Barnhart, 353 F.3d 602, 606 (8th Cir. 2003) (medical opinions
-25-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
of a treating physician are normally accorded substantial weight, but they must not be inconsistent
with other evidence on the record as a whole). Based on the entire evidence of record, the
undersigned finds substantial evidence to support the ALJ’s RFC findings.
V.
Conclusion:
Based on the foregoing, the Court affirms the ALJ’s decision, and dismisses Plaintiff’s
case with prejudice.
DATED this 23rd day of December 2011.
/s/ Erin
L. Setser
HON. ERIN L. SETSER
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE
-26-
AO72A
(Rev. 8/82)
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online?