Tyler Davis Bingham v. United States of America

Filing 11

MINUTE ORDER IN CHAMBERS by Judge David O. Carter: DENYING Motion to Vacate/Set Aside/Correct Sentence (2255)[LACV 1, LACR 6988] 1 . Additionally, the Court DENIES the certificate of appealability. (Made JS-6. Case Terminated.) (twdb)

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

JS-6

O

CIVIL MINUTES – GENERAL
Case No.

CV 13-0052-DOC
Criminal Case Number: CR 02-0938-DOC

Date: September 9, 2014

Title: TYLER DAVIS BINGHAM V. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

PRESENT:

THE HONORABLE DAVID O. CARTER, JUDGE
Julie Barrera
Courtroom Clerk

ATTORNEYS PRESENT FOR PLAINTIFF:
None Present

N/A
Court Reporter
ATTORNEYS PRESENT FOR DEFENDANT:
None Present

PROCEEDINGS (IN CHAMBERS): ORDER DENYING MOTION TO VACATE, SET
ASIDE OR CORRECT SENTENCE PURSUANT TO 28
U.S.C. § 2255 [LACV 1, LACR 6988]

Before the Court is Petitioner’s Motion to Vacate, Set Aside or Correct Sentence pursuant to 28
U.S.C. § 2255 (“Mot.” or “Motion”) (LACV Dkt. 1, LACR Dkt. 6988). Upon considering Petitioner’s
Motion, the government’s opposition, (LACR Dkt. 6996), and Petitioner’s traverse (LACV Dkt. 10,
LACR Dkt. 7077), the Court finds this matter appropriate for resolution without oral argument. Fed R.
Civ. P. 78; L.R. 7-15; 28 U.S.C. § 2255(b). For the reasons described below, the Court DENIES
Petitioner’s Motion.
I.

Background

In 2002, a grand jury returned a ten-count indictment charging forty defendants with crimes
related to the Aryan Brotherhood (“AB”) prison gang. Indictment (LACR Dkt. 1). A five-month,
multi-defendant trial followed.
The jury found Petitioner guilty of the following: (1) one count of violating the Racketeer
Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1962(c); (2) one count of conspiracy to
violate RICO, 18 U.S.C. § 1962(d); (3) two counts of murder as violent crimes in aid of racketeering
(VICAR), 18 U.S.C. § 1959(a)(1); and (4) one count of murder, 18 U.S.C. § 1111. Judgment and

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
CIVIL MINUTES – GENERAL
Case No.

LACV 13-0052 DOC
LACR 02-0938 DOC

Date: September 9, 2014
Page 2

Commitment (LACR Dkt. 4194), at 1. The Court sentenced Petitioner to two sentences of life without
the possibility of release, and three sentences of life. Id.
Petitioner filed a Motion to Vacate, Set Aside or Correct Federal Sentence (LACV Dkt. 1,
LACR Dkt. 6988) on January 4, 2013. On January 8, 2013, the Court ordered a response. Order, Jan.
8, 2013 (LACV Dkt. 3, LACR Dkt. 6990). The Government filed its Corrected Opposition on March
8, 2013 (LACR Dkt. 6996). Petitioner filed his traverse on June 26, 2014 (LACV Dkt. 10, LACR Dkt.
7077).
II.

Legal Standard

A motion to vacate, set aside, or correct the sentence of a person in federal custody entitles a
prisoner to relief “[i]f the court finds that . . . there has been such a denial or infringement of the
constitutional rights of the prisoner as to render the judgment vulnerable to collateral attack.” 28
U.S.C. § 2255. If the motion combined with the files and records of the case conclusively show that the
prisoner is not entitled to relief, no evidentiary hearing on the issues is warranted. See id.
A. Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
Petitioner requests relief under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 based on a claim of ineffective assistance of
counsel (“IAC”) in violation of the Sixth Amendment. There is a two prong test to challenge
convictions based on ineffective assistance of counsel. Hill v. Lockhart, 474 U.S. 52, 57-60 (1985).
First is the performance requirement: “‘[W]hen a convicted defendant complains of the ineffectiveness
of counsel’s assistance, the defendant must show that counsel’s representation fell below an objective
standard of reasonableness.’” Id. at 57 (quoting Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687-688
(1984)). Second, the defendant must show that “there exists a reasonable probability that, but for
counsel’s unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different.” Kimmelman v.
Morrison, 477 U.S. 365, 375 (1986). This second prong is commonly referenced as the “prejudice
requirement.”
B. Prosecution’s Withholding of Exculpatory Evidence
Petitioner also requests relief based on the failure of the prosecution to turn over exculpatory
evidence to the defense. The Supreme Court’s holding in Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963),
requires disclosure of all evidence that is favorable to the accused and material to guilt or to
punishment. U.S. v. Bagley, 473 U.S. 667, 674 (1985). The Brady rule is based on the requirement of

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
CIVIL MINUTES – GENERAL
Case No.

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Date: September 9, 2014
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due process, its purpose being to ensure that a miscarriage of justice does not occur. Id. at 675. The
duty to disclose applies even in the absence of a request by the defendant. Strickler v. Greene, 527 U.S.
263, 280 (1999). Under Brady, an inadvertent nondisclosure has the same impact on the fairness of the
proceedings as deliberate concealment. Id. at 288.
The prosecutor is required to disclose evidence favorable to the accused when its omission is
material, that is, when the omission of evidence could affect the outcome of the trial. United States v.
Agurs, 427 U.S. 97, 108 (1976); Bagley, 473 U.S. at 678 (holding that evidence is material when its
suppression undermines confidence in the outcome of the trial). In determining what evidence is
material, the court must consider whether there is a reasonable probability that, had the evidence been
disclosed to the defense, the result of the proceeding would have been different. Bagley, 473 U.S. at
682. The reviewing court should consider the totality of the circumstances with an awareness of the
difficulty of reconstructing an alternate course of events and surmising the consequences. Id. at 683.
III.

Analysis
A. Ineffective Assistance of Counsel Claims

Petitioner alleges three claims of ineffective assistance of counsel. Petitioner states as his first
IAC claim: ““Denial of Effective Assistance of Counsel by the failure to appeal District Hearing on
Outrageous Government Misconduct. The overly restrictive order of witnesses and narrow scope of
examination resulted in gross failure to expose how H Unit inmates fabricated evidence to procure
testimony in collusion with AUSA Jessner and S/A Halualani that networked other BOP P.C. units in
Marion and elsewhere involving numerous BOP SIA/SIS Intelligence personnel.” Mot. at 5.
Petitioner’s second IAC claim is: “Denial of Effective Assistance of Counsel by failing to call
Hostile Witnesses Jessner, Halualani, S.I.S. R. Ellet, et al BOP personnel & inmate witnesses. S.I.S.
Rick Ellet is on videotape placing the ‘AB Mission Statement’ into legal materials that were
subsequently catalogued by Special Master Blackshaw (and ‘found’ the Mission Statement) which then
was used by Jessner & Halualani too in construction of the AB RICO conspiracy and resulting
Indictment.” Id.
Petitioner explains in his traverse that then-AUSA Jessner should have been called to testify in
order to expose how Jessner “did business.” Traverse at 9. Petitioner points to other witnesses’
testimony that Jessner determined when to provide funds to witnesses and informants, that Jessner
allowed witnesses and informants to see a copy of the grand jury indictment, and that Jessner had once

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
CIVIL MINUTES – GENERAL
Case No.

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decided to keep a witness off the stand in order to avoid negative testimony about a witness in another
of his cases. Id. at 9-11.
Petitioner’s third IAC claim is: “Denial of Effective Assistance of Counsel in failing to note and
object to S.I.U. [sic] Dan Beckwith’s obvious conflict of interest when appointed liaison to the Court.
As Chief of Intelligence Beckwith knew of the allegations of impropriety between SIS Adams in ADX
and SIS Montgomery in Marion and inmate government witnesses Roach, Moore, et al; as chief
architect of the Indictment Roach’s intimate relationship provides obvious exculpatory material that
Beckwith would be forced to acknowledge under oath.” Mot. at 5.
Although Petitioner has done more than make conclusory statements, as the government argues,
the Court agrees with the government that Petitioner has made an insufficient showing of ineffective
assistance of counsel. In each claim, the Court is left wondering what difference Petitioner’s counsel’s
supposed error made in the outcome of the case. Even if everything Petitioner alleged about his
counsel’s deficiencies is true, Petitioner still must show that there is a reasonable possibility that the
outcome of the proceeding would have been different if only his counsel had performed properly.
Petitioner has not made that showing. Thus, the Court DENIES his ineffective assistance of counsel
claims.
B. Prosecution’s Withholding of Exculpatory Evidence Claims
In addition to the IAC claims, Petitioner also claims that the government failed to produce
exculpatory material. He claims: “Conviction obtained by the unconstitutional failure of the
government to provide favorable and exculpatory material. Testimony at trial established Roach and
the H Unit inmates had access to computers, laptops, and SIA/SIS files that were not disclosed; H Unit
is the birthplace of the 110 page capital indictment – yet the AB Mission Statement (produced on a
font-type not available to BOP inmates) was ‘found’ by SIS personnel in Marion.” Mot. at 5.
Here as well, it is unclear from Petitioner’s papers how it could have made a difference in the
outcome of the case even if the government had turned over the computer used by H unit inmates in
discovery. Similar to ineffective assistance of counsel claims, petitioners making Brady claims must
show that there is a reasonable chance that the result of the proceeding would have been different, had
the government disclosed the evidence to the defense,. Bagley, 473 U.S. at 682. Since Petitioner has
not made this showing, the Court DENIES Petitioner’s Brady claim.

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
CIVIL MINUTES – GENERAL
Case No.

IV.

LACV 13-0052 DOC
LACR 02-0938 DOC

Date: September 9, 2014
Page 5

Certificate of Appealability

Rule 11 of the Rules Governing Section 2254 Cases in the United States District Courts reads as
follows:
(a) Certificate of Appealability. The district court must issue or deny a certificate
of appealability when it enters a final order adverse to the applicant. Before entering the
final order, the court may direct the parties to submit arguments on whether a certificate
should issue. If the court issues a certificate, the court must state the specific issue or
issues that satisfy the showing required by 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2). If the court denies a
certificate, the parties may not appeal the denial but may seek a certificate from the court
of appeals under Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 22. A motion to reconsider a
denial does not extend the time to appeal.
(b) Time to Appeal. Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 4(a) governs the time to
appeal an order entered under these rules. A timely notice of appeal must be filed even if
the district court issues a certificate of appealability.
Under 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2), a certificate of appealability may issue “only if the applicant has
made a substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right.” The Supreme Court has held that
this standard means a showing that “reasonable jurists could debate whether (or, for that matter, agree
that) the petition should have been resolved in a different manner or that the issues presented were
adequate to deserve encouragement to proceed further.” See Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473, 483-84,
120 S. Ct. 1595, 146 L. Ed. 542 (2000) (internal quotation marks omitted).
Here, Petitioner has not made the requisite showing with respect to any of the constitutional
claims in the Petition. Accordingly, a certificate of appealability is DENIED.
V.

Disposition

The Motion and the files and records of this case conclusively show that Petitioner is not entitled
to relief. Thus, the Court decides the claims without a hearing, 28 U.S.C. § 2255(b). The Court
DENIES Petitioner Bell’s Motion to Vacate, Set Aside, or Correct Sentence Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §
2255. Additionally, the Court DENIES the certificate of appealability.
MINUTES FORM 11
CIVIL-GEN

Initials of Deputy Clerk: jcb