Denise Murtaugh v. National Railroad Passenger Corporation et al

Filing 16

PROTECTIVE ORDER by Magistrate Judge Kenly Kiya Kato re Stipulation for Protective Order 15 (dts)

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

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FOR THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

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)
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)
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Plaintiff,
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v.
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NATIONAL RAILROAD
PASSENGER CORPORATION, et. al. )
)
)
)
Defendants,
)
)
DENISE MURTAUGH,

Case No.: 2:15-cv-09369
[PROPOSED] PROTECTIVE
ORDER

[Discovery Document: referred to
Mag. Judge Kenly Kiya Kato]

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[PROPOSED]PROTECTIVE ORDER

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1.

A.

PURPOSES AND LIMITATIONS

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Discovery in this action is likely to involve production of confidential,
proprietary, or private information for which special protection from public

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disclosure and from use for any purpose other than prosecuting this litigation may

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be warranted. Accordingly, the parties hereby stipulate to and petition the Court to

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enter the following Stipulated Protective Order. The parties acknowledge that this

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Order does not confer blanket protections on all disclosures or responses to

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discovery and that the protection it affords from public disclosure and use extends

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only to the limited information or items that are entitled to confidential treatment

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under the applicable legal principles. The parties further acknowledge, as set forth

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in Section 12.3, below, that this Stipulated Protective Order does not entitle them

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to file confidential information under seal; Civil Local Rule 79-5 sets forth the

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procedures that must be followed and the standards that will be applied when a

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party seeks permission from the court to file material under seal.
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B.

GOOD CAUSE STATEMENT

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Good cause exists for a Protective Order in this action because, among some
other items, Plaintiffs production of documents relating to the disciplinary records

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of other current and former employees at Defendant’s Union Station location.

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Further, this action is likely to involve some trade secrets, some customer/

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passenger lists and/or identification, other private and valuable commercial and/or

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proprietary information, and identification of current or employees’ names and/or

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disciplinary records for which special protection from public disclosure and `from

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use for any purpose other than prosecution and defense of this action is warranted.

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Such confidential and proprietary materials and information consist of, among

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other things, confidential business or financial information, information regarding

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confidential business practices, or other confidential research, development, or
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[PROPOSED]PROTECTIVE ORDER

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commercial information (including information implicating privacy rights of third
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parties, including but not limited to current and former employees and/or
customers/passengers), information otherwise generally unavailable to the public,

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or which may be privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure under state or

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federal statutes, court rules, case decisions, or common law.

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Accordingly, to expedite the flow of information, to facilitate the prompt

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resolution of disputes over confidentiality of discovery materials, to adequately

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protect information the parties are entitled to keep confidential, to ensure that the

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parties are permitted reasonable necessary uses of such material in preparation for

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and in the conduct of trial, to address their handling at the end of the litigation, and

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serve the ends of justice, a protective order for such information is justified in this

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matter. It is the intent of the parties that information will not be designated as

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confidential for tactical reasons and that nothing be so designated without a good

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faith belief that it has been maintained in a confidential, non-public manner, and
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there is good cause why it should not be part of the public record of this case.
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2.

DEFINITIONS
2.1

Action: Denise Murtaugh v. National Railroad Passenger

Corporation, Case No. 2:15-cv-09369-DMG-KK (C.D. California).
2.2

Challenging Party: a Party or Non-Party that challenges the

designation of information or items under this Order.
2.2

“CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items: information (regardless of

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how it is generated, stored or maintained) or tangible things that qualify for

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protection under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(c), and as specified above in

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the Good Cause Statement.

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2.4

“CONFIDENTIAL - ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY” Information or

Items: extremely sensitive “Confidential Information or Items,” disclosure of
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[PROPOSED]PROTECTIVE ORDER

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which to another Party or Non-Party would create a substantial risk of serious harm
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that could not be avoided by less restrictive means. With respect to the
disciplinary records of Defendant’s current or former employees (other than

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Plaintiff Denise Murtaugh), Plaintiff’s attorney, to whom the information or items

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designated as “CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY” are being

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produced, is expressly prohibited from disclosing the information or items

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designated as “CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY” to Plaintiff

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Denise Murtaugh, Plaintiff’s son (Mark Gibson), Plaintiff’s daughter (Ashley

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Gibson) or any other family member related to Plaintiff.
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Counsel: Outside Counsel of Record and House Counsel (as well as

their support staff).
2.6

Designating Party: a Party or Non-Party that designates information or

items that it produces in disclosures or in responses to discovery as

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“CONFIDENTIAL” or “CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY.”
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2.7

Disclosure or Discovery Material: all items or information, regardless

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of the medium or manner in which it is generated, stored, or maintained (including,
among other things, testimony, transcripts, and tangible things), that are produced
or generated in disclosures or responses to discovery in this matter.
2.8

Expert: a person with specialized knowledge or experience in a matter

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pertinent to the litigation who has been retained by a Party or its counsel to serve

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as an expert witness or as a consultant in this Action.

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2.9

House Counsel: attorneys who are employees of a party to this Action.

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House Counsel does not include Outside Counsel of Record or any other outside

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counsel.

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2.10 Non-Party: any natural person, partnership, corporation, association,
or other legal entity not named as a Party to this action.
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[PROPOSED]PROTECTIVE ORDER

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2.11 Outside Counsel of Record: attorneys who are not employees of a
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party to this Action but are retained to represent or advise a party to this Action
and have appeared in this Action on behalf of that party or are affiliated with a law
firm which has appeared on behalf of that party, and includes support staff.
2.12 Party: any party to this Action, including all of its officers, directors,

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employees, consultants, retained experts, and Outside Counsel of Record (and their

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support staffs).
2.13 Producing Party: a Party or Non-Party that produces Disclosure or

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Discovery Material in this Action.

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2.14 Professional Vendors: persons or entities that provide litigation

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support services (e.g., photocopying, videotaping, translating, preparing exhibits or

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demonstrations, and organizing, storing, or retrieving data in any form or medium)

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and their employees and subcontractors.

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2.15 Protected Material: any Disclosure or Discovery Material that is
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designated as “CONFIDENTIAL” or “CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’ EYES
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ONLY.”
2.16 Receiving Party: a Party that receives Disclosure or Discovery

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Material from a Producing Party.

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3.

SCOPE

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The protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order cover not only

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Protected Material (as defined above), but also (1) any information copied or

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extracted from Protected Material; (2) all copies, excerpts, summaries, or

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compilations of Protected Material; and (3) any testimony, conversations, or

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presentations by Parties or their Counsel that might reveal Protected Material.

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Any use of Protected Material at trial shall be governed by the orders of the

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trial judge. This Order does not govern the use of Protected Material at trial.
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4.

DURATION

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Even after final disposition of this litigation, the confidentiality obligations

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imposed by this Order shall remain in effect until a Designating Party agrees

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otherwise in writing or a court order

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otherwise directs. Final disposition shall be deemed to be the later of (1) dismissal

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of all claims and defenses in this Action, with or without prejudice; and (2) final

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judgment herein after the completion and exhaustion of all appeals, rehearings,

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remands, trials, or reviews of this Action, including the time limits for filing any

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motions or applications for extension of time pursuant to applicable law.

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5.

DESIGNATING PROTECTED MATERIAL

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5.1

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Each Party or Non-Party that designates information or items for protection

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Exercise of Restraint and Care in Designating Material for Protection.

under this Order must take care to limit any such designation to specific material

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that qualifies under the appropriate standards. The Designating Party must
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designate for protection only those parts of material, documents, items, or oral or
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written communications that qualify so that other portions of the material,
documents, items, or communications for which protection is not warranted are not

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swept unjustifiably within the ambit of this Order. Mass, indiscriminate, or

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routinized designations are prohibited. Designations that are shown to be clearly

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unjustified or that have been made for an improper purpose (e.g., to unnecessarily

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encumber the case development process or to impose unnecessary expenses and

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burdens on other parties) may expose the Designating Party to sanctions.

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If it comes to a Designating Party’s attention that information or items that it

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designated for protection do not qualify for protection, that Designating Party must

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promptly notify all other Parties that it is withdrawing the inapplicable designation.

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[PROPOSED]PROTECTIVE ORDER

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5.2

Manner and Timing of Designations. Except as otherwise provided in

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this Order (see, e.g., second paragraph of section 5.2(a) below), or as otherwise
stipulated or ordered, Disclosure or Discovery Material that qualifies for protection

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under this Order must be clearly so designated before the material is disclosed or

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produced.

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Designation in conformity with this Order requires:

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(a)

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for information in documentary form (e.g., paper or electronic

documents, but excluding transcripts of depositions or other pretrial or trial

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proceedings), that the Producing Party affix at a minimum, the legend

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“CONFIDENTIAL” or “CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY”

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(hereinafter “CONFIDENTIAL legend” or “CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’

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EYES ONLY” legend), to each page that contains protected material. If only a

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portion or portions of the material on a page qualifies for protection, the Producing

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Party also must clearly identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making
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appropriate markings in the margins).
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A Party or Non-Party that makes original documents available for inspection
need not designate them for protection until after the inspecting Party has indicated

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which documents it would like copied and produced. During the inspection and

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before the designation, all of the material made available for inspection shall be

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deemed “CONFIDENTIAL” or “CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’ EYES

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ONLY.” After the inspecting Party has identified the documents it wants copied

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and produced, the Producing Party must determine which documents, or portions

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thereof, qualify for protection under this Order. Then, before producing the

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specified documents, the Producing Party must affix the “CONFIDENTIAL

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legend” or “CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY” legend to each

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page that contains Protected Material. If only a portion or portions of the material
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[PROPOSED]PROTECTIVE ORDER

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on a page qualifies for protection, the Producing Party also must clearly identify
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the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making appropriate markings in the margins).
(b)

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for testimony given in depositions that the Designating Party identify

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the Disclosure or Discovery Material on the record, before the close of the

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deposition all protected testimony.
(c)

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for information produced in some form other than documentary and

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for any other tangible items, that the Producing Party affix in a prominent place on

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the exterior of the container or containers in which the information is stored the

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legend “CONFIDENTIAL” or “CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’ EYES

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ONLY.” If only a portion or portions of the information warrants protection, the

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Producing Party, to the extent practicable, shall identify the protected portion(s).

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5.3

Inadvertent Failures to Designate. If timely corrected, an inadvertent

failure to designate qualified information or items does not, standing alone, waive

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the Designating Party’s right to secure protection under this Order for such
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material. Upon timely correction of a designation, the Receiving Party must make
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reasonable efforts to assure that the material is treated in accordance with the
provisions of this Order.
6.

CHALLENGING CONFIDENTIALITY DESIGNATIONS
6.1

Timing of Challenges. Any Party or Non-Party may challenge a

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designation of confidentiality at any time that is consistent with the Court’s

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Scheduling Order.

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6.2

Meet and Confer. The Challenging Party shall initiate the dispute

resolution process under Local Rule 37.1 et seq.
6.3

The burden of persuasion in any such challenge proceeding shall be

on the Non-Designating Party. Frivolous challenges, and those made for an
improper purpose (e.g., to harass or impose unnecessary expenses and burdens on
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other parties) may expose the Challenging Party to sanctions. Unless the
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Designating Party has waived or withdrawn the confidentiality designation, all
parties shall continue to afford the material in question the level of protection to

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which it is entitled under the Producing Party’s designation until the Court rules on

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the challenge.

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7.

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ACCESS TO AND USE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL
7.1

Basic Principles. A Receiving Party may use Protected Material that is

disclosed or produced by another Party or by a Non-Party in connection with this

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Action only for prosecuting, defending, or attempting to settle this Action. Such

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Protected Material may be disclosed only to the categories of persons and under

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the conditions described in this Order. When the Action has been terminated, a

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Receiving Party must comply with the provisions of section 13 below (FINAL

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DISPOSITION). Protected Material must be stored and maintained by a Receiving

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Party at a location and in a secure manner that ensures that access is limited to the
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persons authorized under this Order.
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7.2

Disclosure of “CONFIDENTIAL” or “CONFIDENTIAL –

ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY” Information or Items. Unless otherwise ordered by

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the court or permitted in writing by the Designating Party, a Receiving Party may

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disclose any information or item designated “CONFIDENTIAL” only to those

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identified under (a) through (i) as immediately listed below and a Receiving Party

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may disclose any information or item designated “CONFIDENTIAL –

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ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY” only to those identified under (a) through (g) and

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(i) as immediately listed below:

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(a)

the Receiving Party’s Outside Counsel of Record in this Action, as

well as employees of said Outside Counsel of Record to whom it is reasonably
necessary to disclose the information for this Action;
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(b)

the officers, directors, and employees (including House Counsel) of

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the Receiving Party to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action;
(c)

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Experts (as defined in this Order) of the Receiving Party to whom

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disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action and who have signed the

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“Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A);

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(d)

the court and its personnel;

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(e)

court reporters and their staff;

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(f)

professional jury or trial consultants, mock jurors, and Professional

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Vendors to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action and who have

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signed the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A);

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(g)

the author or recipient of a document containing the information or a

custodian or other person who otherwise possessed or knew the information;

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(h)

during their depositions, witnesses ,and attorneys for witnesses, in the

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Action to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary provided: (1) the deposing
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party requests that the witness sign the form attached as Exhibit 1 hereto; and (2)
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they will not be permitted to keep any confidential information unless they sign the
“Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A), unless otherwise

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agreed by the Designating Party or ordered by the court. Pages of transcribed

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deposition testimony or exhibits to depositions that reveal Protected Material may

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be separately bound by the court reporter and may not be disclosed to anyone

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except as permitted under this Stipulated Protective Order; and
(i)

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any mediator or settlement officer, and their supporting personnel,

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mutually agreed upon by any of the parties engaged in settlement discussions.

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8.

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PROTECTED MATERIAL SUBPOENAED OR ORDERED
PRODUCED IN OTHER LITIGATION
If a Party is served with a subpoena or a court order issued in other litigation
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that compels disclosure of any information or items designated in this Action as
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“CONFIDENTIAL” or “CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY,” that
Party must:
(a)

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promptly notify in writing the Designating Party. Such notification

shall include a copy of the subpoena or court order;
(b)

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promptly notify in writing the party who caused the subpoena or order

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to issue in the other litigation that some or all of the material covered by the

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subpoena or order is subject to this Protective Order. Such notification shall

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include a copy of this Stipulated Protective Order; and

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(c)

cooperate with respect to all reasonable procedures sought to be

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pursued by the Designating Party whose Protected Material may be affected.

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If the Designating Party timely seeks a protective order, the Party served with

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the subpoena or court order shall not produce any information designated in this

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action as “CONFIDENTIAL” or “CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’ EYES
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ONLY” before a determination by the court from which the subpoena or order
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issued, unless the Party has obtained the Designating Party’s permission. The
Designating Party shall bear the burden and expense of seeking protection in that

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court of its confidential material and nothing in these provisions should be

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construed as authorizing or encouraging a Receiving Party in this Action to

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disobey a lawful directive from another court.

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9.

A NON-PARTY’S PROTECTED MATERIAL SOUGHT TO BE

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PRODUCED IN THIS LITIGATION

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(a)

The terms of this Order are applicable to information produced by a

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Non-Party in this Action and designated as “CONFIDENTIAL” or

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“CONFIDENTIAL – ATTORNEYS’ EYES ONLY.” Such information

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produced by Non-Parties in connection with this litigation is protected by the
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remedies and relief provided by this Order. Nothing in these provisions should be
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construed as prohibiting a Non-Party from seeking additional protections.
(b)

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In the event that a Party is required, by a valid discovery request, to

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produce a Non-Party’s confidential information in its possession, and the Party is

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subject to an agreement with the Non-Party not to produce the Non-Party’s

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confidential information, then the Party shall:
(1)

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promptly notify in writing the Requesting Party and the Non-

Party that some or all of the information requested is subject to a confidentiality

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agreement with a Non-Party;

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(2)

promptly provide the Non-Party with a copy of the Stipulated

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Protective Order in this Action, the relevant discovery request(s), and a reasonably

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specific description of the information requested; and

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(3)

make the information requested available for inspection by the

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Non-Party, if requested.
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(c)

If the Non-Party fails to seek a protective order from this court within

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14 days of receiving the notice and accompanying information, the Receiving
Party may produce the Non-Party’s confidential information responsive to the

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discovery request. If the Non-Party timely seeks a protective order, the Receiving

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Party shall not produce any information in its possession or control that is subject

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to the confidentiality agreement with the Non-Party before a determination by the

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court. Absent a court order to the contrary, the Non-Party shall bear the burden

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and expense of seeking protection in this court of its Protected Material.

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10.

UNAUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL

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If a Receiving Party learns that, by inadvertence or otherwise, it has

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disclosed Protected Material to any person or in any circumstance not authorized

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under this Stipulated Protective Order, the Receiving Party must immediately
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(a) notify in writing the Designating Party of the unauthorized disclosures,
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(b) use its best efforts to retrieve all unauthorized copies of the Protected
Material, (c) inform the person or persons to whom unauthorized disclosures

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were made of all the terms of this Order, and (d) request such person or persons

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to execute the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” that is attached

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hereto as Exhibit A.

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11.

INADVERTENT PRODUCTION OF PRIVILEGED OR
OTHERWISE PROTECTED MATERIAL

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When a Producing Party gives notice to Receiving Parties that certain

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inadvertently produced material is subject to a claim of privilege or other

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protection, the obligations of the Receiving Parties are those set forth in Federal

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Rule of Civil Procedure 26(b)(5)(B). This provision is not intended to modify

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whatever procedure may be established in an e-discovery order that provides for

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production without prior privilege review. Pursuant to Federal Rule of Evidence
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502(d) and (e), insofar as the parties reach an agreement on the effect of disclosure
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of a communication or information covered by the attorney-client privilege or
work product protection, the parties may incorporate their agreement in the

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stipulated protective order submitted to the court.

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12.

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MISCELLANEOUS
12.1 Right to Further Relief. Nothing in this Order abridges the right of any

person to seek its modification by the Court in the future.
12.2 Right to Assert Other Objections. By stipulating to the entry of this

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Protective Order no Party waives any right it otherwise would have to object to

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disclosing or producing any information or item on any ground not addressed in

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this Stipulated Protective Order. Similarly, no Party waives any right to object on

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any ground to use in evidence of any of the material covered by this Protective
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Order.
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12.3 Filing Protected Material. A Party that seeks to file under seal any

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Protected Material must comply with Civil Local Rule 79-5. Protected Material

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may only be filed under seal pursuant to a court order authorizing the sealing of the

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specific Protected Material at issue. If a Party's request to file Protected Material

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under seal is denied by the court, then the Receiving Party may file the information

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in the public record unless otherwise instructed by the court.

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13.

FINAL DISPOSITION

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After the final disposition of this Action, as defined in paragraph 4, within

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60 days of a written request by the Designating Party, each Receiving Party must

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return all Protected Material to the Producing Party or destroy such material. As

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used in this subdivision, “all Protected Material” includes all copies, abstracts,

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compilations, summaries, and any other format reproducing or capturing any of the

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Protected Material. Whether the Protected Material is returned or destroyed, the
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Receiving Party must submit a written certification to the Producing Party (and, if
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not the same person or entity, to the Designating Party) by the 60 day deadline that
(1) identifies (by category, where appropriate) all the Protected Material that was

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returned or destroyed and (2)affirms that the Receiving Party has not retained any

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copies, abstracts, compilations, summaries or any other format reproducing or

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capturing any of the Protected Material.

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Notwithstanding this provision, Counsel are entitled to retain an archival

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copy of all pleadings, motion papers, trial, deposition, and hearing transcripts, legal

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memoranda, correspondence, deposition and trial exhibits, expert reports, attorney

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work product, and consultant and expert work product, even if such materials

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contain Protected Material. Any such archival copies that contain or constitute

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Protected Material remain subject to this Protective Order as set forth in Section 4
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(DURATION).
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14.

Any violation of this Order may be punished by any and all appropriate

measures including, without limitation, contempt proceedings and/or monetary
sanctions.

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IT IS SO ORDERED.
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Dated: May 17, 2016

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By: ___________________________
Kenly Kiya Kato, U . S. Magistrate Judge

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EXHIBIT A
ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND AGREEMENT TO BE BOUND

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I, _____________________________ [print or type full name], of

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_________________ [print or type full address], declare under penalty of perjury

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that I have read in its entirety and understand the Stipulated Protective Order that

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was issued by the United States District Court for the Central District of California

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on [date] in the case of Denise Murtaugh v. National Railroad Passenger

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Corporation, Case No. 2:15-cv-09369-DMG-KK . I agree to comply with and to

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be bound by all the terms of this Stipulated Protective Order and I understand and

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acknowledge that failure to so comply could expose me to sanctions and
punishment in the nature of contempt. I solemnly promise that I will not disclose

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in any manner any information or item that is subject to this Stipulated Protective
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Order to any person or entity except in strict compliance with the provisions of this
Order.
I further agree to submit to the jurisdiction of the United States District

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Court for the Central District of California for the purpose of enforcing the terms

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of this Stipulated Protective Order, even if such enforcement proceedings occur

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after termination of this action. I hereby appoint __________________________

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[print or type full name] of _______________________________________ [print

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or type full address and telephone number] as my California agent for service of

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process in connection with this action or any proceedings related to enforcement of

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this Stipulated Protective Order.

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Date: ______________________________________

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City and State where sworn and signed: _________________________________

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Printed name: _______________________________
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Signature: __________________________________
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