Luis Armando Hernandez v. Jeffery A. Beard
Filing
3
ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE WHY THE PETITION SHOULD NOT BE DISMISSED AS UNTIMELY by Magistrate Judge Frederick F. Mumm. The Court orders Petitioner to show cause in writing within 30 days of the date of this order why the Petition should not be dismissed as time-barred. IT IS SO ORDERED. (mz)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
9
CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
10
11
LUIS ARMANDO HERNANDEZ,
12
Petitioner,
v.
13
14
JEFFERY A. BEARD, CDCR DIR.,
15
Respondent.
16
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
No. CV 16-2748 SVW (FFM)
ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE WHY
THE PETITION SHOULD NOT BE
DISMISSED AS UNTIMELY
17
18
On April 14, 2016, Petitioner Luis Armando Hernandez, Jr. (“Petitioner”), a
19
California prisoner proceeding pro se, constructively1 filed a Petition for Writ of Habeas
20
Corpus by a Person in State Custody (“Petition”), pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254. (Dkt.
21
No. 1). The Petition challenges Petitioner’s 1993 sentence for assault with a deadly
22
weapon, attempted murder, and accompanying street-gang sentencing enhancements.
23
///
24
///
25
26
27
28
1
A pro se petitioner’s relevant filings may be construed as filed on the date they
were submitted to prison authorities for mailing, under the prison “mailbox rule” of
Houston v. Lack, 487 U.S. 266 (1988). Although the Petition contains neither a proof of
service nor a date of execution, the envelope containing the Petition bears a small
notation dated April 14, 2016.
1
1
2
1.
LIMITATIONS PERIOD FOR FEDERAL HABEAS PETITIONS
The present proceedings were initiated after the April 24, 1996, effective date of
3
the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (“AEDPA”). Accordingly, the
4
AEDPA’s timeliness provisions apply, including a one-year limitations period which is
5
subject to both statutory and equitable tolling. See 28 U.S.C. § 2244(d)(1); see also
6
Patterson v. Stewart, 251 F.3d 1243, 1245 (9th Cir. 2001) (citations omitted). For those
7
prisoners whose convictions became final before AEDPA’s effective date, the one-year
8
period began running on April 25, 1996. Malcom v. Payne, 281 F.3d 951, 955 (9th Cir.
9
2002). Accordingly, “unless a subsection of Section 2244(d) calls for a later initiation of
10
the limitations period,” Hasan v. Galaza, 254 F.3d 1150, 1153 (9th Cir. 2001), state
11
petitioners whose convictions were final before April 24, 1996, had until April 24, 1997,
12
to file a federal habeas petition, Malcom, 281 F.3d at 955.
13
While Petitioner asserts that he filed a petition for direct review in the California
14
Supreme Court and that the court denied review, he provides neither a case number
15
assigned by that court nor a date on which his petition for review was denied. (Dkt. No.
16
1 at 3). Additionally, the California Supreme Court’s official records indicate that
17
Petitioner never sought direct review of his conviction or sentence with that court.2 See
18
http://appellatecases.courtinfo.ca.gov/index.html, (last visited April 25, 2016).
19
Accordingly, Petitioner’s conviction became final after the period for seeking direct
20
review from the California Supreme Court expired. See Gonzalez v. Thaler, 132 S. Ct.
21
641, 653–54 (2012). Therefore, the Court finds that Petitioner’s conviction became final
22
on June 20, 1994, sixty days after the date on which the California Court of Appeal
23
affirmed his conviction on direct review. See Cal. R. Ct. 8.308(a) (notice of appeal must
24
be filed “within sixty days after the rendition of the judgment or the making of the order
25
being appealed”).
26
27
28
As presented, the facts of the Petition do not demonstrate that “a subsection of
2
The Court takes judicial notice of the California Supreme Court’s official records,
pursuant to Porter v. Ollison, 620 F.3d 952, 955 n.1 (9th Cir. 2010) (citations omitted).
2
1
Section 2244(d) calls for a later initiation of the limitations period.” Hasan, 254 F.3d at
2
1153. Accordingly, Petitioner’s period for seeking review expired on April 24, 1997.
3
Malcom, 281 F.3d at 955. Therefore, the Petition is untimely, absent a showing that
4
Petitioner is entitled to a later start date of the limitations period, or to statutory or
5
equitable tolling.
6
2.
STATUTORY TOLLING
Title 28 U.S.C. § 2244(d)(2) provides that “[t]he time during which a properly
7
8
filed application for state post-conviction or other collateral review with respect to the
9
pertinent judgment or claim is pending shall not be counted toward any period of
10
limitation under this subsection.” However, a petitioner is not entitled to statutory
11
tolling if he filed his initial state habeas petition after the one-year federal limitations
12
period had expired. Ferguson v. Palmateer, 321 F.3d 820, 823 (9th Cir. 2003) (holding
13
that 28 U.S.C. § 2244(d) “does not permit the reinitiation of the limitations period that
14
has ended before the state petition was filed”).
15
Here, the period during which Petitioner was permitted to file a timely federal
16
habeas petition expired on April 24, 1997. See Malcom, 281 F.3d at 955. However, the
17
Petition seemingly indicates that Petitioner did not initiate any state habeas proceedings
18
until sometime in 2012, at the earliest. (Dkt. No. 1 at 30). A review of official
19
California court records confirms that Petitioner did not file any state habeas petitions
20
until 2012. See http://appellatecases.courtinfo.ca.gov/index.html (last visited April 25,
21
2016). Because § 2244(d) “does not permit the reinitiation of the limitations period,”
22
Petitioner is not entitled to statutory tolling in this case. See Ferguson, 321 F.3d at 823.
23
3.
24
EQUITABLE TOLLING
The AEDPA limitations period may also be subject to equitable tolling if the
25
petitioner shows that extraordinary circumstances beyond the petitioner’s control made
26
timely filing of a federal habeas petition impossible, and the petitioner has acted
27
diligently in pursuing his rights. Holland v. Florida, 560 U.S. 631, 649 (2010). The
28
petitioner bears the burden of showing that equitable tolling is appropriate. Miranda v.
3
1
Castro, 292 F.3d 1063, 1065 (9th Cir. 2002).
2
Petitioner has made no showing of extraordinary circumstances or of diligence
3
and, therefore, has not demonstrated that he is entitled to equitable tolling.
4
4.
5
ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE
Under the allegations and facts of the Petition, Petitioner has not demonstrated
6
that he is entitled to a later start date of the limitations period. Therefore, and because
7
the Petition does not demonstrate any basis for tolling the statute, or for setting aside the
8
one-year limitation, the Court orders Petitioner to show cause in writing within 30 days
9
of the date of this order why the Petition should not be dismissed as time-barred. If
10
Petitioner fails to provide a timely response to this order, the Court will recommend that
11
the Petition be dismissed as time-barred.
12
13
IT IS SO ORDERED.
14
15
16
17
Dated: April 27, 2016
/S/FREDERICK F. MUMM
FREDERICK F. MUMM
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
4
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online?