Shirley Bazurto v. Wal Mart Stores Inc.
Filing
15
MINUTES (IN CHAMBERS) ORDER DENYING PLAINTIFF SHIRLEY BAZURTO'S MOTION TO REMAND TO STATE COURT [filed 12/12/18; Docket No. #9 ] by Judge John F. Walter. Plaintiff's Motion is DENIED. (iv)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
CIVIL MINUTES -- GENERAL
Case No.
CV 18-9641-JFW(PLAx)
Title:
Shirley Bazurto -v- Wal Mart Stores, Inc.
Date: January 10, 2019
PRESENT:
HONORABLE JOHN F. WALTER, UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE
Shannon Reilly
Courtroom Deputy
None Present
Court Reporter
ATTORNEYS PRESENT FOR PLAINTIFFS:
None
PROCEEDINGS (IN CHAMBERS):
ATTORNEYS PRESENT FOR DEFENDANTS:
None
ORDER DENYING PLAINTIFF SHIRLEY BAZURTO’S
MOTION TO REMAND TO STATE COURT [filed
12/12/18; Docket No. 9]
On December 12, 2018, Plaintiff Shirley Bazurto (“Plaintiff”) filed a Motion to Remand to
State Court (“Motion”). On December 21, 2018, Defendant Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (“Defendant”)
filed its Opposition. Plaintiff did not file a Reply. Pursuant to Rule 78 of the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure and Local Rule 7-15, the Court finds that this matter is appropriate for decision without
oral argument. The hearing calendared for January 14, 2019 is hereby vacated and the matter
taken off calendar. After considering the moving and opposing papers, and the arguments therein,
the Court rules as follows:
I.
Factual and Procedural Background
On April 11, 2018, Plaintiff filed a Complaint against Defendant in Los Angeles Superior
Court, alleging claims for premises liability and general negligence. On May 30, 2018, Defendant
filed its Answer and subsequently propounded discovery on Plaintiff. On August 28, 2018,
Defendant received Plaintiff’s responses to its Form Interrogatories, Set One. Plaintiff’s response
to Form Interrogatory No. 2.5 indicated that she was a resident of California. In order to confirm
that Plaintiff was not only a resident, but also a citizen of California, Defendant noticed Plaintiff’s
deposition and propounded further discovery, Request for Admission, Set Two.1 Plaintiff was
deposed on October 16, 2018. On October 23, 2018, Defendant received Plaintiff’s responses to
1
It was necessary to confirm Plaintiff’s citizenship, rather than merely her residency, before
removing the case based on diversity jurisdiction because “the diversity jurisdiction statute, 28
U.S.C. § 1332, speaks of citizenship, not of residency.” Kanter v. Warner-Lambert Co., 265 F.3d
853, 857 (9th Cir. 2001).
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its Request for Admission, Set Two. Both Plaintiff’s deposition testimony and her response to the
Request for Admission, Set Two indicated that Plaintiff was not only a resident, but also a citizen of
California.
On November 15, 2018, Defendant filed a Notice of Removal, removing this action to this
Court. In its Notice of Removal, Defendant alleged that this Court has jurisdiction over this action
pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1332(a).
II.
Legal Standard
A motion to remand is the proper procedure for challenging removal. See N. Cal. Dist.
Council of Laborers v. Pittsburg-Des Moines Steel Co., 69 F.3d 1034, 1038 (9th Cir.1995). The
removal statute is strictly construed, and any doubt about the right of removal is resolved in favor
of remand. See Gaus v. Miles, Inc., 980 F.2d 564, 566 (9th Cir.1992); see also Prize Frize, Inc. v.
Matrix, Inc., 167 F.3d 1261, 1265 (9th Cir.1999). Consequently, if a plaintiff challenges the
defendant’s removal of a case, the defendant bears the burden of establishing the propriety of the
removal. See Gaus, 980 F.2d at 566; see also Duncan v. Stuetzle, 76 F.3d 1480, 1485 (9th
Cir.1996) (citations and quotations omitted) (“Because of the Congressional purpose to restrict the
jurisdiction of the federal courts on removal, the statute is strictly construed, and federal jurisdiction
must be rejected if there is any doubt as to the right of removal in the first instance”).
III.
Discussion
A complaint must be removed “within thirty days after the receipt by the defendant, through
service or otherwise, of a copy of the initial pleading setting forth the claim for relief upon which
such action or proceeding is based” or, where the initial pleading is not removable, “within thirty
days after receipt by the defendant, through service or otherwise, of a copy of an amended
pleading, motion, order or other paper from which it may first be ascertained that the case is one
which is or has become removable.” 28 U.S.C. § 1446(b). A plaintiff’s deposition and discovery
responses may constitute “other paper” for purposes of Section 1446(b). See Santos v. SMX,
LLC, 2017 WL 2825924 (C.D. Cal. June 29, 2017).
In this case, the Complaint does not state or otherwise indicated Plaintiff’s citizenship.2 In
Harris v. Bankers Life & Casualty Co., the Ninth Circuit determined that in cases where “it is
unclear from the complaint whether the case is removable,” a defendant does not have the duty to
investigate – either its own records or otherwise – a basis for removal, and, thus, the thirty-day
removal clock in those cases is not triggered by service of the summons and complaint on the
defendant. 425 F.3d 689, 692-93 (9th Cir. 2005) (holding that “a bright-line approach” served the
jurisdictional and procedural interests of bringing certainty and predictability to the process,
avoiding gamesmanship in pleading, and “avoid[ing] the spectre of inevitable collateral litigation
over whether the pleadings contained a sufficient ‘clue,’ whether defendant had subjective
2
Diversity jurisdiction founded under 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a) requires that (1) all plaintiffs be of
different citizenship than all defendants, and (2) the amount in controversy exceed $75,000. See
28 U.S.C. § 1332. The parties do not dispute that the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000 and
that Defendant is a citizen of Delaware and Arkansas.
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knowledge, or whether defendant conducted sufficient inquiry”). Instead, the Ninth Circuit held that
“notice of removability under § 1446(b) is determined through the four corners of the applicable
pleadings.” Id. at 694. Therefore, "[i]f no ground for removal is evident in [the initial] pleading, the
case is ‘not removable’ at that stage. In such a case, the notice of removal may be filed within
thirty days after the defendant receives ‘an amended pleading, motion, order or other paper’ from
which it can be ascertained from the face of the document that removal is proper.” Id. Under
Harris, the notice of removability was triggered only by Plaintiff’s deposition testimony and
response to Defendant’s Request for Admission, Set Two regarding her citizenship and, therefore,
Defendant’s Notice of Removal was timely and proper.
IV.
Conclusion
For all the foregoing reasons, Plaintiff’s Motion is DENIED.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
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