Securities and Exchange Commission v. Ruben Rojas

Filing 26

PROTECTIVE ORDER by Magistrate Judge Shashi H. Kewalramani re Stipulation for Protective Order 25 . (see document for details) (hr)

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BERNARD B. SMYTH (Cal. Bar No. 217741)
E-mail: [e-mail]
ANDREW J. HEFTY (Cal. Bar No. 220450)
E-mail: [e-mail]
JASON H. LEE (Cal. Bar No. 253140)
E-mail: [e-mail]
Attorneys for Plaintiff
Securities and Exchange Commission
44 Montgomery Street, Suite 2800
San Francisco, California 94104
Telephone: [phone]
Facsimile: [phone]

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

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CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

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WESTERN DIVISION

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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION,

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Plaintiff,

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v.

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Case No. 5:19-cv-01799-FLA (SHKx)

STIPULATED PROTECTIVE
ORDER

RUBEN JAMES ROJAS,

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Defendant.

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1.

A. PURPOSES AND LIMITATIONS

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Discovery in this Action is likely to involve production of confidential,

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proprietary, or private information for which special protection from public

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disclosure and from use for any purpose other than prosecuting this Action may be

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warranted. Accordingly, the parties hereby stipulate to and petition the Court to enter
STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER
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the following Stipulated Protective Order. The parties acknowledge that this Order

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does not confer blanket protections on all disclosures or responses to discovery and

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that the protection it affords from public disclosure and use extends only to the

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limited information or items that are entitled to confidential treatment under the

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applicable legal principles. The parties further acknowledge, as set forth in Section

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12.3, below, that this Stipulated Protective Order does not entitle them to file

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confidential information under seal; Civil Local Rule 79-5 sets forth the procedures

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that must be followed and the standards that will be applied when a party seeks

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permission from the court to file material under seal.

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B. GOOD CAUSE STATEMENT

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This Action may involve non-public student-related information, and

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proprietary financial, commercial, business or legally-privileged information, or

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information that is otherwise protected by a right of privacy, for which special

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protection from public disclosure and from use for any purpose other than

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prosecution of this Action is warranted. Such confidential and proprietary materials

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and information consist of, among other things, confidential business or financial

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information, personal identifiable information, information regarding confidential

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business practices or legal advice, or other non-public personal or commercial

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information (including information implicating legal privileges or protection, or the

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privacy rights of third parties), information otherwise generally unavailable to the

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public, or which may be privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure under state

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or federal statutes, court rules, case decisions, or common law, or pursuant to non-

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disclosure agreement or similar contract. Accordingly, to expedite the flow of

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information, to facilitate the prompt resolution of disputes over confidentiality of

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discovery materials, to adequately protect information the parties are entitled to keep

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confidential, to ensure that the parties are permitted reasonable necessary uses of such
STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER
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material in preparation for and in the conduct of trial, to address their handling at the

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end of the Action, and serve the ends of justice, a protective order for such

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information is justified in this Action. It is the intent of the parties that information

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will not be designated as confidential for tactical reasons and that nothing be so

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designated without a good faith belief that it has been maintained in a confidential,

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non-public manner, and there is good cause why it should not be part of the public

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record of this case.

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2.

DEFINITIONS
2.1

Action: Securities and Exchange Commission v. Ruben James Rojas,

Case No. 5:19-cv-01799-FLA (SHKx).
2.2

Challenging Party: a Party or Non-Party that challenges the designation

of information or items under this Order.
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“CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.” Information or Items: information

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(regardless of how it is generated, stored or maintained) or tangible things that qualify

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for protection under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(c), and as specified above in

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the Good Cause Statement.

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Counsel: Outside Counsel of Record and House Counsel (as well as

their support staff).
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Designating Party: a Party or Non-Party that designates information or

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items that it produces in disclosures or in responses to discovery as

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“CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.”

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Disclosure or Discovery Material: all items or information, regardless of

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the medium or manner in which it is generated, stored, or maintained (including,

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among other things, testimony, transcripts, and tangible things), that are produced or

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generated in disclosures or responses to discovery in this Action.

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2.7

Expert: a person with specialized knowledge or experience in a matter

pertinent to the Action who has been retained by a Party or its counsel to serve as an
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expert witness or as a consultant in this Action.
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House Counsel: attorneys who are employees of a party to this Action.

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House Counsel does not include Outside Counsel of Record or any other outside

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counsel.

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2.9

Non-Party: any natural person, partnership, corporation, association, or

other legal entity not named as a Party to this Action.

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2.10 Outside Counsel of Record: attorneys who are not employees of a party

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to this Action but are retained to represent or advise a party to this Action and have

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appeared in this Action on behalf of that party or are affiliated with a law firm which

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has appeared on behalf of that party, and includes support staff.

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2.11 Party: any party to this Action, including all of its officers, directors,

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employees, consultants, retained experts, and Outside Counsel of Record (and their

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support staffs).

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2.12 Producing Party: a Party or Non-Party that produces Disclosure or
Discovery Material in this Action.

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2.13 Professional Vendors: persons or entities that provide litigation support

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services (e.g., photocopying, videotaping, translating, preparing exhibits or

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demonstrations, and organizing, storing, or retrieving data in any form or medium)

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and their employees and subcontractors.

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2.14 Protected Material: any Disclosure or Discovery Material that is
designated as “CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.”

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2.15 Receiving Party: a Party that receives Disclosure or Discovery Material
from a Producing Party.

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3.

SCOPE

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The protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order cover not only

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Protected Material (as defined above), but also (1) any information copied or

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extracted from Protected Material; (2) all copies, excerpts, summaries, or
STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER
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compilations of Protected Material; and (3) any testimony, conversations, or

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presentations by Parties or their Counsel that might reveal Protected Material.
Any use of Protected Material at trial shall be governed by the orders of the

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trial judge. This Order does not govern the use of Protected Material at trial.

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4.

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DURATION
Even after final disposition of this Action, the confidentiality obligations

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imposed by this Order shall remain in effect until a Designating Party agrees

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otherwise in writing or a court order otherwise directs. Final disposition shall be

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deemed to be the later of (1) dismissal of all claims and defenses in this Action, with

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or without prejudice; and (2) final judgment herein after the completion and

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exhaustion of all appeals, rehearings, remands, trials, or reviews of this Action,

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including the time limits for filing any motions or applications for extension of time

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pursuant to applicable law.

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5.

DESIGNATING PROTECTED MATERIAL
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Exercise of Restraint and Care in Designating Material for Protection.

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Each Party or Non-Party that designates information or items for protection under this

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Order must take care to limit any such designation to specific material that qualifies

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under the appropriate standards. The Designating Party must designate for protection

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only those parts of material, documents, items, or oral or written communications that

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qualify so that other portions of the material, documents, items, or communications

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for which protection is not warranted are not swept unjustifiably within the ambit of

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this Order.

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Mass, indiscriminate, or routinized designations are prohibited. Designations

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that are shown to be clearly unjustified or that have been made for an improper

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purpose (e.g., to unnecessarily encumber the case development process or to impose

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unnecessary expenses and burdens on other parties) may expose the Designating
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Party to sanctions.

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If it comes to a Designating Party’s attention that information or items that it

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designated for protection do not qualify for protection, that Designating Party must

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promptly notify all other Parties that it is withdrawing the inapplicable designation.

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5.2

Manner and Timing of Designations. Except as otherwise provided in

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this Order (see, e.g., second paragraph of section 5.2(a) below), or as otherwise

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stipulated or ordered, Disclosure or Discovery Material that qualifies for protection

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under this Order must be clearly so designated before the material is disclosed or

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produced.

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Designation in conformity with this Order requires:

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(a) for information in documentary form (e.g., paper or electronic

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documents, but excluding transcripts of depositions or other pretrial or trial

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proceedings), that the Producing Party affix at a minimum, the legend

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“CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.” (hereinafter “CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O. legend”), to

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each page that contains protected material. If only a portion or portions of the

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material on a page qualifies for protection, the Producing Party also must clearly

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identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making appropriate markings in the

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margins).

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A Party or Non-Party that makes original documents available for inspection

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need not designate them for protection until after the inspecting Party has indicated

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which documents it would like copied and produced. During the inspection and

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before the designation, all of the material made available for inspection shall be

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deemed “CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.” After the inspecting Party has identified the

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documents it wants copied and produced, the Producing Party must determine which

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documents, or portions thereof, qualify for protection under this Order. Then, before

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producing the specified documents, the Producing Party must affix the

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“CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O. legend” to each page that contains Protected Material.

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If only a portion or portions of the material on a page qualifies for protection, the
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Producing Party also must clearly identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making

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appropriate markings in the margins).
(b) for testimony given in depositions, that the Designating Party identify

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on the record, before the close of the deposition, all protected testimony.
(c) for information produced in some form other than documentary and for

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any other tangible items, that the Producing Party affix in a prominent place on the

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exterior of the container or containers in which the information is stored the legend

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“CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.” If only a portion or portions of the information

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warrants protection, the Producing Party, to the extent practicable, shall identify the

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protected portion(s).
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Inadvertent Failures to Designate. If timely corrected, an inadvertent

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failure to designate qualified information or items does not, standing alone, waive the

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Designating Party’s right to secure protection under this Order for such material.

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Upon timely correction of a designation, the Receiving Party must make reasonable

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efforts to assure that the material is treated in accordance with the provisions of this

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Order.

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6.

CHALLENGING CONFIDENTIALITY DESIGNATIONS
6.1

Timing of Challenges. Any Party or Non-Party may challenge a

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designation of confidentiality at any time that is consistent with the Court’s

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Scheduling Order.

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6.2

Meet and Confer. The Challenging Party shall initiate the dispute

resolution process under Local Rule 37.1 et seq.
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The burden of persuasion in any such challenge proceeding shall be on

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the Designating Party. Frivolous challenges, and those made for an improper purpose

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(e.g., to harass or impose unnecessary expenses and burdens on other parties) may

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expose the Challenging Party to sanctions. Unless the Designating Party has waived

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or withdrawn the confidentiality designation, all parties shall continue to afford the
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material in question the level of protection to which it is entitled under the Producing

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Party’s designation until the Court rules on the challenge.

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7.

ACCESS TO AND USE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL
7.1

Basic Principles. A Receiving Party may use Protected Material that is

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disclosed or produced by another Party or by a Non-Party in connection with this

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Action only for prosecuting, defending, or attempting to settle this Action. Such

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Protected Material may be disclosed only to the categories of persons and under the

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conditions described in this Order. When the Action has been terminated, a Receiving

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Party must comply with the provisions of section 13 below (FINAL DISPOSITION).

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Notwithstanding any other provisions contained herein, this Order does not

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limit or restrict Plaintiff Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) from using or

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disclosing any materials, including Protected Material, to the extent otherwise

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required by law or permitted pursuant to the terms of SEC Form 1662 (a copy of

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which is attached hereto as Exhibit B).

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Protected Material must be stored and maintained by a Receiving Party at a

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location and in a secure manner that ensures that access is limited to the persons

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authorized under this Order.

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7.2

Disclosure of “CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.” Information or Items.

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Unless otherwise ordered by the court or permitted in writing by the Designating

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Party, a Receiving Party may disclose any information or item designated

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“CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.” only to:

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(a) the Receiving Party’s Outside Counsel of Record in this Action, as well

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as employees of said Outside Counsel of Record to whom it is reasonably necessary

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to disclose the information for this Action;

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(b) the officers, directors, and employees (including House Counsel) of the
Receiving Party to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action;
(c) Experts (as defined in this Order) of the Receiving Party to whom
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disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action and who have signed the

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“Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A);

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(d) the court and its personnel;

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(e) court reporters and their staff;

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(f) professional jury or trial consultants, mock jurors, and Professional

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Vendors to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this Action and who have

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signed the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A);
(g) the author or recipient of a document containing the information or a

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custodian or other person who otherwise possessed or knew the information;

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(h) during their depositions, witnesses, and attorneys for witnesses, in the

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Action to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary provided: (1) the deposing party

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requests that the witness sign the form attached as Exhibit A hereto; and (2) they will

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not be permitted to keep any confidential information unless they sign the

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“Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A), unless otherwise

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agreed by the Designating Party or ordered by the court. Pages of transcribed

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deposition testimony or exhibits to depositions that reveal Protected Material may be

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separately bound by the court reporter and may not be disclosed to anyone except as

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permitted under this Stipulated Protective Order;
(i) any mediator or settlement officer, and their supporting personnel,

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mutually agreed upon by any of the parties engaged in settlement discussions; and
(j) where the SEC is the Receiving Party, the SEC may to the extent

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required by law or permitted pursuant to the terms of SEC Form 1662 disclose any

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information or item designated “CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.” that the SEC receives

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from a Producing Party.

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8.

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IN OTHER LITIGATION

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PROTECTED MATERIAL SUBPOENAED OR ORDERED PRODUCED
If a Party is served with a subpoena or a court order issued in other litigation

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that compels disclosure of any information or items designated in this Action as

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“CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.,” that Party must:
(a) promptly notify in writing the Designating Party. Such notification shall

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include a copy of the subpoena or court order;
(b) promptly notify in writing the party who caused the subpoena or order

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to issue in the other litigation that some or all of the material covered by the subpoena

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or order is subject to this Protective Order. Such notification shall include a copy of

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this Stipulated Protective Order; and
(c) cooperate with respect to all reasonable procedures sought to be pursued

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by the Designating Party whose Protected Material may be affected.
If the Designating Party timely seeks a protective order, the Party served with

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the subpoena or court order shall not produce any information designated in this

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Action as “CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.” before a determination by the court from

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which the subpoena or order issued, unless the Party has obtained the Designating

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Party’s permission. The Designating Party shall bear the burden and expense of

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seeking protection in that court of its confidential material and nothing in these

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provisions should be construed as authorizing or encouraging a Receiving Party in

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this Action to disobey a lawful directive from another court.

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9.

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PRODUCED IN THIS ACTION

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A NON-PARTY’S PROTECTED MATERIAL SOUGHT TO BE
(a) The terms of this Order are applicable to information produced by a

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Non-Party in this Action and designated as “CONFIDENTIAL PER P.O.” Such

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information produced by Non-Parties in connection with this Action is protected by

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the remedies and relief provided by this Order. Nothing in these provisions should be

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construed as prohibiting a Non-Party from seeking additional protections.

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(b) In the event that a Party is required, by a valid discovery request, to

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produce a Non-Party’s confidential information in its possession, and the Party is
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subject to an agreement with the Non-Party not to produce the Non-Party’s

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confidential information, then the Party shall:
(1) promptly notify in writing the Requesting Party and the Non-Party

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that some or all of the information requested is subject to a confidentiality agreement

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with a Non-Party;
(2) promptly provide the Non-Party with a copy of the Stipulated

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Protective Order in this Action, the relevant discovery request(s), and a reasonably

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specific description of the information requested; and
(3) make the information requested available for inspection by the Non-

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Party, if requested.

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(c) If the Non-Party fails to seek a protective order from this court within

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14 days of receiving the notice and accompanying information, the Receiving Party

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may produce the Non-Party’s confidential information responsive to the discovery

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request. If the Non-Party timely seeks a protective order, the Receiving Party shall

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not produce any information in its possession or control that is subject to the

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confidentiality agreement with the Non-Party before a determination by the court.

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Absent a court order to the contrary, the Non-Party shall bear the burden and expense

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of seeking protection in this court of its Protected Material.

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10.

UNAUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL
If a Receiving Party learns that, by inadvertence or otherwise, it has disclosed

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Protected Material to any person or in any circumstance not authorized under this

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Stipulated Protective Order, the Receiving Party must immediately (a) notify in

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writing the Designating Party of the unauthorized disclosures, (b) use its best efforts

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to retrieve all unauthorized copies of the Protected Material, (c) inform the person or

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persons to whom unauthorized disclosures were made of all the terms of this Order,

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and (d) request such person or persons to execute the “Acknowledgment and

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Agreement to Be Bound” that is attached hereto as Exhibit A.
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11.

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PROTECTED MATERIAL

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INADVERTENT PRODUCTION OF PRIVILEGED OR OTHERWISE
When a Producing Party gives notice to Receiving Parties that certain

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inadvertently produced material is subject to a claim of privilege or other protection,

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the obligations of the Receiving Parties are those set forth in Federal Rule of Civil

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Procedure 26(b)(5)(B). This provision is not intended to modify whatever procedure

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may be established in an e-discovery order that provides for production without prior

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privilege review. Pursuant to Federal Rule of Evidence 502(d) and (e), insofar as the

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parties reach an agreement on the effect of disclosure of a communication or

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information covered by the attorney-client privilege or work product protection, the

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parties may incorporate their agreement in the stipulated protective order submitted to

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the court.

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12.

MISCELLANEOUS
12.1 Right to Further Relief. Nothing in this Order abridges the right of any

person to seek its modification by the Court in the future.
12.2 Right to Assert Other Objections. By stipulating to the entry of this

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Protective Order no Party waives any right it otherwise would have to object to

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disclosing or producing any information or item on any ground not addressed in this

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Stipulated Protective Order. Similarly, no Party waives any right to object on any

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ground to the use in evidence of any of the material covered by this Protective Order.

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12.3 Filing Protected Material. A Party that seeks to file under seal any

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Protected Material must comply with Civil Local Rule 79-5. Protected Material may

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only be filed under seal pursuant to a court order authorizing the sealing of the

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specific Protected Material at issue. If a Party's request to file Protected Material

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under seal is denied by the court, then the Receiving Party may file the information in

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the public record unless otherwise instructed by the court.

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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER
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13.

FINAL DISPOSITION

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After the final disposition of this Action, as defined in paragraph 4, within 60

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days of a written request by the Designating Party, each Receiving Party must return

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all Protected Material to the Producing Party or destroy such material, except as noted

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herein with respect to the SEC’s records retention requirements. As used in this

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subdivision, “all Protected Material” includes all copies, abstracts, compilations,

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summaries, and any other format reproducing or capturing any of the Protected

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Material. Whether the Protected Material is returned or destroyed, the Receiving

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Party must submit a written certification to the Producing Party (and, if not the same

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person or entity, to the Designating Party) by the 60 day deadline that (1) identifies

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(by category, where appropriate) all the Protected Material that was returned or

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destroyed and (2) affirms that the Receiving Party has not retained any copies,

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abstracts, compilations, summaries or any other format reproducing or capturing any

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of the Protected Material. Notwithstanding this provision, Counsel are entitled to

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retain an archival copy of all pleadings, motion papers, trial, deposition, and hearing

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transcripts, legal memoranda, correspondence, deposition and trial exhibits, expert

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reports, attorney work product, and consultant and expert work product, even if such

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materials contain Protected Material. Any such archival copies that contain or

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constitute Protected Material remain subject to this Protective Order as set forth in

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Section 4 (DURATION). Notwithstanding this provision, nothing in this Stipulated

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Protective Order should be read as altering the SEC’s policies or procedures

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regarding record retention as approved by the National Archives and Records

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Administration; to the extent the obligations under this Order may conflict with those

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policies or procedures, the SEC will adhere to its record retention policies and

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procedures and in doing so will not be deemed to be acting contrary to this Order.

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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER
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14.

Any violation of this Order may be punished by any and all appropriate

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measures including, without limitation, contempt proceedings and/or monetary

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sanctions.

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IT IS SO STIPULATED, THROUGH COUNSEL OF RECORD.

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DATED: July 13, 2021

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/s/ Andrew J. Hefty
Attorney for Plaintiff

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DATED: July 13, 2021

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/s/ Andrew B. Holmes
Attorney for Defendant

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FOR GOOD CAUSE SHOWN, IT IS SO ORDERED.

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DATED:

July 16, 2021

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Honorable Shashi H. Kewalramani
United States Magistrate Judge

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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER
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EXHIBIT A

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND AGREEMENT TO BE BOUND

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I,

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[print or type full address], declare under penalty of perjury that I have read in its

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entirety and understand the Stipulated Protective Order that was issued by the

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United States District Court for the Central District of California on

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2021 in the case of Securities and Exchange Commission v. Ruben James Rojas,

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Case No. 5:19-cv-01799-FLA (SHKx). I agree to comply with and to be bound by

[print or type full name], of

,

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all the terms of this Stipulated Protective Order and I understand and

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acknowledge that failure to so comply could expose me to sanctions and punishment

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in the nature of contempt. I solemnly promise that I will not disclose in any manner

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any information or item that is subject to this Stipulated Protective Order to any

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person or entity except in strict compliance with the provisions of this Order. I further

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agree to submit to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the Central

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District of California for the purpose of enforcing the terms of this Stipulated

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Protective Order, even if such enforcement proceedings occur after termination of

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this Action. I hereby appoint

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full name] of

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telephone number] as my California agent for service of process in connection with

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this Action or any proceedings related to enforcement of this Stipulated Protective

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Order.

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Date:

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City and State where sworn and signed:

[print or type
[print or type full address and

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Printed name:

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Signature:
STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER
Case No. 5:19-cv-01799-FLA (SHKx)

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