Campbell v. Beard et al
Filing
42
FINDINGS and RECOMMENDATIONS regarding 39 MOTION for SUMMARY JUDGMENT relating to exhaustion of the administrative remedies signed by Magistrate Judge Stanley A. Boone on 11/2/2015. Referred to Judge Lawrence J. O'Neill; Objections to F&R due by 12/7/2015.(Lundstrom, T)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
9
EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
10
11
ANTHONY TYRONE CAMPBELL, SR.
12
Plaintiff,
13
14
v.
JEFFREY BEARD, et al.,
15
Defendants.
16
[ECF No. 39]
This action is proceeding against Defendants Mendez, Aguinaga, Ramos, Cardenas, and
Barajas for excessive force in violation of the Eighth Amendment.
Defendants filed an answer to the complaint on May 4, 2015. (ECF No. 26.) On May 6, 2015,
21
22
FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATION
REGARDING DEFENDANTS‟ MOTION FOR
SUMMARY JUDGMENT RELATING TO
EXHAUSTION OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE
REMEDIES
rights action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983.
19
20
Case No.:1:14-cv-00801-LJO-SAB (PC)
Plaintiff Anthony Tyrone Campbell Sr. is appearing pro se and in forma pauperis in this civil
17
18
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
the Court issued the discovery and scheduling order. (ECF No. 27.)
On August 28, 2015, Defendants filed a motion for summary judgment. (ECF NO. 39.)
23
24
Plaintiff filed an opposition on September 17, 2015, and Defendants filed a reply on September 24,
25
2015. (ECF Nos. 40, 41.) Pursuant to Local Rule 230(l), the motion is deemed submitted for review.
26
///
27
///
28
I.
1
DISCUSSION
1
2
A.
Motion for Summary Judgment Standard
3
Any party may move for summary judgment, and the Court shall grant summary judgment if
4
the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to
5
judgment as a matter of law. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a) (quotation marks omitted); Albino v. Baca, 747
6
F.3d 1162, 1166 (9th Cir. 2014); Washington Mut. Inc. v. U.S., 636 F.3d 1207, 1216 (9th Cir. 2011).
7
Each party‟s position, whether it be that a fact is disputed or undisputed, must be supported by (1)
8
citing to particular parts of materials in the record, including but not limited to depositions, documents,
9
declarations, or discovery; or (2) showing that the materials cited do not establish the presence or
10
absence of a genuine dispute or that the opposing party cannot produce admissible evidence to support
11
the fact. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(1) (quotation marks omitted). The Court may consider other materials
12
in the record not cited to by the parties, although it is not required to do so. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(3);
13
Carmen v. San Francisco Unified Sch. Dist., 237 F.3d 1026, 1031 (9th Cir. 2001); accord Simmons v.
14
Navajo Cnty., Ariz., 609 F.3d 1011, 1017 (9th Cir. 2010).
15
As set forth above, the defendants bear the burden of proof in moving for summary judgment
16
for failure to exhaust, and they must “prove that there was an available administrative remedy, and that
17
the prisoner did not exhaust that available remedy,” Albino, 747 F.3d at 1166, 1172. If the defendants
18
carry their burden, the burden of production shifts to the plaintiff “to come forward with evidence
19
showing that there is something in his particular case that made the existing and generally available
20
administrative remedies effectively unavailable to him.” Id. “If the undisputed evidence viewed in
21
the light most favorable to the prisoner shows a failure to exhaust, a defendant is entitled to summary
22
judgment under Rule 56.” Id. at 1166. However, “[i]f material facts are disputed, summary judgment
23
should be denied, and the district judge rather than a jury should determine the facts.” Id.
24
B.
Exhaustion under the Prisoner Litigation Reform Act
25
Pursuant to the Prison Litigation Reform Act of 1996, “[n]o action shall be brought with
26
respect to prison conditions under [42 U.S.C. § 1983], or any other Federal law, by a prisoner confined
27
in any jail, prison, or other correctional facility until such administrative remedies as are available are
28
exhausted.” 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). Prisoners are required to exhaust the available administrative
2
1
remedies prior to filing suit. Jones v. Bock, 549 U.S. 199, 211 (2007); McKinney v. Carey, 311 F.3d
2
1198, 1199-1201 (9th Cir. 2002). Exhaustion is required regardless of the relief sought by the prisoner
3
and regardless of the relief offered by the process, Booth v. Churner, 532 U.S. 731, 741 (2001), and
4
the exhaustion requirement applies to all suits relating to prison life, Porter v. Nussle, 435 U.S. 516,
5
532 (2002).
6
The failure to exhaust in compliance with section 1997e(a) is an affirmative defense under
7
which Defendant has the burden of raising and proving the absence of exhaustion. Jones, 549 U.S. at
8
216; Albino v. Baca, 747 F.3d at 1171; Wyatt v. Terhune, 315 F.3d 1108, 1119 (9th Cir. 2003). The
9
failure to exhaust nonjudicial administrative remedies is subject to a motion for summary judgment in
10
which the Court may look beyond the pleadings. Albino, 747 F.3d at 1170. If the Court concludes
11
that Plaintiff has failed to exhaust, the proper remedy is dismissal without prejudice. Jones, 549 U.S.
12
at 223-24; Lira v. Herrera, 427 F.3d 1164, 1175-76 (9th Cir. 2005).
13
The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) has an administrative
14
grievance system for prisoners to appeal any departmental decision, action, condition, or policy having
15
an adverse effect on prisoners‟ welfare. Cal. Code Regs. tit. 15, § 3084.1. Prior to 2011, the process
16
was initiated by submitting a CDC Form 602 describing the problem and the action requested, tit. 15,
17
§ 3084.2(a), and appeal had to be submitted within fifteen working days of the event being appealed or
18
of the receipt of the unacceptable lower level decision, tit. 15, § 3084.6(c). Up to four levels of appeal
19
may be involved, including the informal level, first formal level, second formal level, and third formal
20
level, also known as the Director‟s Level. Tit. 15, § 3084.5. In order to satisfy section 1997e(a),
21
California state prisoners are required to use this process to exhaust their claims prior to filing suit.
22
Woodford v. Ngo, 548 U.S. 81, 85-86 (2006); McKinney, 311 F.3d at 1199-1201. On January 28,
23
2011, the inmate appeals process was modified and limited to three level of review with provisions
24
allowing the first level to be bypassed under specific circumstances. Cal. Code Regs. tit. 15, § 3084.7.
25
In this instance, the critical procedural rules require inmates to list all staff members involved
26
and describe their involvement, include only one issue or related set of issues per appeal, and
27
“describe the specific issue under appeal and the relief requested.”
28
3084.2(a)(1)-(4) (Jan. 28, 2011). Furthermore, the inmate “shall state all facts known and available to
3
Cal. Code Regs. tit. 15, §
1
him/her regarding the issue being appealed at the time of submitting the Inmate/Parolee Appeal Form,
2
and if needed, the Inmate Parolee/Appeal Form Attachment.” Id. at § 3084.2(a)(4).
An inmate who fails to exhaust his administrative remedies may be excused from the
3
4
exhaustion requirement by demonstrating that pertinent administrative remedies were “effectively
5
unavailable.” Nunez v. Duncan, 591 F.3d 1217, 1226 (9th Cir. 2010). For instance, “a prisoner need
6
not press on to exhaust further levels of review once he has either received all „available‟ remedies at
7
an intermediate level of review or been reliably informed by an administrator that no remedies are
8
available.” Brown v. Valoff, 422 F.3d 926, 935 (9th Cir. 2005). Improper screening of an
9
administrative appeal may also excuse an inmate from the exhaustion requirement. Sapp v. Kimbrell,
10
623 F.3d 813, 823 (9th Cir. 2010). In order for this exception to apply, the inmate must establish, “(1)
11
that he actually filed a grievance or grievances that, if pursued through all levels of administrative
12
appeals, would have sufficed to exhaust the claim that he seeks to pursue in federal court, and (2) that
13
prison officials screened his grievance or grievances for reasons inconsistent with or unsupported by
14
applicable regulations.” Id. at 823-824. If a grievance is properly rejected, the inmate is not excused
15
from the exhaustion requirement.
16
C.
Allegations of Complaint
17
In the first amended complaint, Plaintiff contends that on July 3, 2013, while being escorted
18
back to his cell after refusing to be assigned a cellmate, Plaintiff was forced to the ground and
19
subsequently beaten by Defendants Aguinaga, Cardenas, Ramos, Barajas, and Mendez. Plaintiff was
20
issued a Rules Violation Report, and was denied the opportunity to present witnesses at the resulting
21
hearing. Plaintiff was found guilty of this Rules Violation Report.1
22
///
23
///
24
///
25
26
27
28
1
In this first amended complaint, Plaintiff also claimed he was denied due process as a result of the guilty finding on the
rules violation. The Court found that Plaintiff failed to state a cognizable claim for relief because the documents attached
to the complaint demonstrated that Plaintiff lost credit as a result of the rules violation, and his due process claim was not
cognizable by way of section 1983 until such time as Plaintiff invalidated the results of the disciplinary hearing. (ECF No.
13 at 5.)
4
1
D.
Arguments
2
1.
Defendants‟ Motion for Summary Judgment
3
It is undisputed that during the time period relevant to the operative complaint, Plaintiff was a
4
prisoner within the custody of the California Department of Correction and Rehabilitation (CDCR)
5
and was incarcerated at Pleasant Valley State Prison (PVSP). (ECF No. 14 at 4.) It is also undisputed
6
that an inmate appeal or administrative remedy process is available at PVSP. (ECF No. 14 at 2.)
7
It is also undisputed that between July 3, 2013 and September 11, 2014, Plaintiff submitted
8
nine non-healthcare appeals that were received by the PVSP Appeals Office and only two of these
9
appeals were decided at the third level of review. (ECF No. 39-3, Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 4; ECF
10
No. 40 at 4-5, 10.) Defendants submit that of these nine non-healthcare appeals, seven appeals were
11
screened-out and either rejected or cancelled by the PVSP Appeals Office because they were not
12
compliant with the requirements of California Code of Regulations, Title 15. (Declaration of J.
13
Morgan ¶ 4.)
14
The first of the two remaining non-health care appeals submitted by Plaintiff, appeal number
15
PVSP-S-13-02190, was received and reviewed by all required levels, and was ultimately denied by the
16
third level of review on March 27, 2014. (Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 6; ECF No. 39-4, Declaration of
17
M. Voong ¶¶ 7-8.) The second of these appeals, appeal number PVSP-S-13-02095, was received and
18
reviewed at all required levels, and was ultimately denied by the third level of review on June 2, 2014.
19
(Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 5; Declaration of M. Voong, ¶¶ 7, 9.) Both the of the 602 Forms
20
submitted for these appeals addressed issues related to Rules Violation Reports and did not contain
21
any reference to the July 3, 2013 alleged use of force by the Defendants. (Declaration of J. Morgan ¶¶
22
5-6, Exs. B, C.)
23
2.
24
Plaintiff contends that all nine of the inmate appeals that he submitted at the PVSP Appeals
Plaintiff‟s Opposition to Defendants‟ Motion
25
Office between July 3, 2013 and September 11, 2014, were relevant to the July 3, 2013, incident upon
26
which this action proceeds. Plaintiff admits that the two appeals that were exhausted to the third level
27
of review did not serve to exhaust the claims for which this action proceeds, but argues that the seven
28
remaining appeals he filed were improperly screened by PVSP Appeals Coordinators.
5
Defendants‟ Reply to Plaintiff‟s Opposition
1
3.
2
Defendants submit that the seven appeals referenced by Plaintiff in his opposition were
3
properly cancelled or rejected by the PVSP Appeals Office, and Plaintiff‟s failure to properly exhaust
4
his administrative remedies should not be excused and summary judgment is appropriate.
5
4.
Analysis and Findings
6
It is undisputed that during the relevant time frame Plaintiff submitted nine non-healthcare
7
appeals that were received by the PVSP Appeals Office. Because the parties dispute whether any of
8
the inmate appeals submitted by Plaintiff was sufficient to exhaust the administrative remedies, the
9
Court will address each inmate appeal separately.
10
a.
Appeal Number PVSP-S-13-02190
11
In this appeal, Plaintiff contended that his due process rights were violated regarding the Rules
12
Violation Report, Log Number 13-FC-97-004, dated July 3, 2013, for battery on a peace officer
13
resulting in serious bodily injury. This appeal was reviewed by all required levels, and was ultimately
14
denied by the third level of review on March 27, 2014. (Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 6, Ex. C;
15
Declaration of M. Voong ¶¶ 7-8.)
16
Plaintiff concedes that this appeal is not relevant to the claim at issue in this action. (Opp‟n2 at
17
4-5, 10.) Accordingly, this appeal could not and did not serve to exhaust the administrative remedies.
18
b.
Appeal Number PVSP-S-13-02095
19
In this appeal, Plaintiff contended that Chief Deputy Warden, R. Fisher Jr. denied
20
remonstration against a serious procedural default and a new Administrative Segregation Unit
21
Placement Notice (CDC 114D) was generated. (Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 5, Ex. B; Declaration of
22
M. Voong ¶¶ 7, 9.) This appeal was reviewed by all required levels, and was ultimately denied at the
23
third level of review on June 32, 2014. (Id.)
Plaintiff concedes that this appeal is not relevant to the claim at issue in this action. (Opp‟n at
24
25
5, 10.) Accordingly, this appeal could not and did not serve to exhaust the administrative remedies.
26
27
2
References herein to Plaintiff‟s opposition page numbers are to the Court‟s ECF pagination headers .
28
6
1
c.
Appeal Number PVPS-S-13-01732
2
Appeal log number PVSP-S-13-01732 was received for review on July 19, 2013. (ECF No.
3
41-1, Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 5, Ex. A.) This appeal concerned an upcoming Rules Violation
4
Report (CDCR Form 115) hearing concerning Plaintiff. The appeal was rejected by the PVSP
5
Appeals Office on July 19, 2013, because it concerned an anticipated action or decision.3 (Id.)
6
Plaintiff was advised that he must wait for his Rules Violation Report to be heard, and then after he
7
received the final copies from the hearing, if he wished to appeal, he should attach the final CDCR
8
Form 115 and resubmit this appeal to the PVSP Appeals Office. (Id.) No appeal was received by the
9
PVSP Appeals Office which appealed the rejection of this appeal. (Id. at ¶ 12.)
10
d.
Appeal Number PVSP-S-13-01991
11
Appeal log number PVSP-S-13-01991 was received for review on August 20, 2013. (ECF No.
12
41-1, Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 7, Ex. C.) This appeal concerned a Rules Violation Report hearing
13
concerning Plaintiff. (Id.) The appeal was rejected by the PVSP Appeals Office on August 20, 2013,
14
because it concerned an anticipated action or decision. (Id.) Plaintiff was informed that he must wait
15
to receive the signed final copies of the Rules Violation Report from the PVSP Chief Disciplinary
16
Officer. (Id.) No appeal was received by the PVSP Appeals Office which appealed the rejection of
17
this appeal. (Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 12.)
18
e.
Appeal Number PVSP-S-13-02262
19
Appeal log number PVSP-S-13-02262 was received for review on September 23, 2013.
20
(Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 8.) In this appeal, Plaintiff requested that he be given copies of a recent
21
investigation. (Id.) Prior to submitting this appeal, Plaintiff had been informed by PVSP litigation
22
personnel that he would not be given a copy of these investigation results. (Id.) On September 23,
23
2013, the appeal was rejected because Plaintiff did not require the results of any investigation to
24
pursue litigation. (Id.) No appeal was received by the PVSP Appeals Office which appealed the
25
rejection of this appeal. (Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 12.)
26
27
28
3
California Code of Regulations, Title 15, section 3084.6(b)(1) specifically states that an appeal should be rejected if
“[t]he appeal concerns an anticipated action or decision.”
7
1
f.
Appeal Number PVSP-O-13-02787
2
Appeal log number PVSP-S-13-02787 was received for review on October 22, 2013.
3
(Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 9, Ex. E.) In this appeal, Plaintiff alleged that PVSP Appeals Coordinator
4
J. Morgan had obstructed his appeals process. (Id.) Plaintiff alleged that he had been interviewed on
5
September 10, 2013, regarding a separate appeal, and that he had been informed that he would receive
6
a decision from the second level of review regarding that appeal by October 17, 2013. (Id.) But, as of
7
October 22, 2013, Plaintiff had not received that decision. (Id.) Plaintiff did not cite the log number
8
of the appeal which he referenced. (Id.) This appeal was sent to the Hiring Authority and determined
9
to be a legal issue, as opposed to a staff complaint. (Id.) Plaintiff was informed of this decision on
10
November 27, 2013 and directed to submit an Inmate Request Form 22 with the log number of the
11
requested appeal and he would be provided with a copy of the response. (Id.)
12
g.
Appeal Number PVSP-)-14-00083
13
Appeal log number PVSP-S-14-00083 was received for review on December 19, 2013.
14
(Declaration of Morgan ¶ 10, Ex. G.) In this appeal, Plaintiff alleged that PVSP Licensed Vocational
15
Nurse Hightower reported false injuries on a state document in order to aide and abet staff corruption
16
committed by correctional officers Aguinaga and Cardenas (two of the five named defendants in this
17
action). (Id.) On January 9, 2014, the appeal was cancelled pursuant to California Code of
18
Regulations, Title 15, section 3084.6(c)(2) because it was found to address issues which were
19
duplicative of appeal log number PVSP-S-13-01968, which had already been investigated by the
20
Hiring Authority. (Id.) No appeal was received by the PVSP Appeals Office which appealed the
21
cancellation of this appeal. (Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 12.)
22
h.
Appeal Number PVSP-O-13-03117
23
Appeal log number PVSP-S-13-03117 was processed for review on December 30, 2013.
24
(Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 10, Ex. F.) In this appeal, Plaintiff complained that PVSP Appeals
25
Coordinators were impeding his appeals processing because a previous appeal had been assigned for
26
outside review. (Id.) On December 30, 2013, this appeal was cancelled as untimely by the PVSP
27
Appeals Office because more than thirty days had elapsed since any appeal submitted by Plaintiff had
28
been assigned for outside review, and therefore this appeal was not timely as it did not comply with
8
1
the requirements of California Code of Regulations, Title 15, sections 3084.6(c)(4) and 3084.8(b).
2
(Id.) No appeal was received by the PVSP Appeals Officer which appealed the cancellation of this
3
appeal. (Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 12.)
4
i.
Appeal Number PVSP-S-13-01968
5
Appeal log number PVSP-S-13-01968 was received for review on August 12, 2013.
6
(Declaration of J. Morgan ¶ 6, Ex. B.) This appeal concerned Plaintiff‟s July 3, 2013, administrative
7
segregation placement. (Id.) In the supporting documents submitted for this appeal, Plaintiff
8
challenged his administrative segregation placement and asserted that he had not committed battery on
9
July 3, 2013, but instead had been assaulted by correctional officers Aguinaga, Cardenas, Ramos,
10
Barajas, and Mendez.4 (Id.) On August 14, 2013, the appeal was cancelled by the PVSP Appeals
11
Office because Plaintiff did not submit it within the required thirty-day time period following the July
12
3, 2013, event which he was appealing as required by California Code of Regulations, Title 15,
13
sections 3084.6(c)(4) and 3084.8(b). (Id.) Plaintiff was informed that although his appeal was
14
untimely and would not be processed within the Inmate Appeals process, his allegations of staff
15
misconduct would be reviewed by the Hiring Authority, even though Campbell would not be informed
16
of the results. (Id.) Plaintiff was also informed that once an appeal has been cancelled, it may not be
17
resubmitted, but that a separate appeal could be submitted regarding the cancellation decision, and the
18
original appeal could be resubmitted if the appeal regarding the cancellations is granted.5 (Id.) No
19
timely appeal was received by the PVSP Appeals Office which appealed the cancellation of this
20
appeal. (Id. at ¶ 12.)
21
22
23
24
4
This appeal appears sufficient to substantively exhaust Plaintiff‟s excessive force claim against Defendants Aguinaga,
Cardenas, Ramos, Barajas, and Mendez. However, in order to exhaust the administrative remedies, both proper procedural
and substantive exhaustion is required, which demands compliance with an agency‟s deadlines and other critical
procedural rules. Woodford, 548 U.S. at 90; Wilkerson v. Wheeler, 772 F.3d 834, 839 (9th Cir. 2014).
5
25
26
27
A cancellation decision may be challenged, section 3084.6(e), and in the cancellation letter dated August 14, 2013,
Plaintiff was specifically informed in writing as follows: “Pursuant to CCR 3084.6(e), once an appeal has been cancelled,
that appeal may not be resubmitted. However, a separate appeal can be filed on the cancellation decision. The original
appeal may only be resubmitted if the appeal on the cancellation is granted.” (ECF No. 41-1, Declaration of J. Morgan,
Ex. B.)
28
9
1
2
3
Based on the foregoing, Defendants have carried their burden of demonstrating that Plaintiff
did not properly exhaust the available administrative remedies.
In response, Plaintiff contends this appeal is the most relevant to the incident on July 3, 2013,
4
and the appeal was “wrongly cancelled” by Appeals Coordinator J. Morgan. (Opp‟n at 4.) Plaintiff
5
contends this appeal timely exhausted the administrative remedies as a written staff complaint (Appeal
6
Log No. PVSP-S-13-01968) was sent directly to PVSP Chief Deputy Warden (CDW), R. Fisher Jr.
7
Following the CDW‟s review, the complaint was then forwarded by the CDW to inmate appeals
8
coordinator J. Morgan and processed according to the requirements set forth at California Code of
9
Regulations, Title 15, section 3084.9(i)(3). (Opp‟n at 12.) Plaintiff contends that, J. Morgan, later
10
intervened and personally obstructed the exhaustion process by rendering a wrongful cancellation of
11
Plaintiff‟s staff complaint. (Opp‟n at 13.)
12
Plaintiff acknowledges that the appeals coordinator has discretion to cancel an appeal if
13
determined time limits are exceeded. (Opp‟n at 14.) Plaintiff contends, however, that cancellation of
14
an appeal precludes further exhaustion efforts, deeming administrative remedies as “far as allowed
15
and/or available.” (Opp‟n at 14.) Plaintiff further acknowledges that section 3084.1(b) specifically
16
states that “unless otherwise stated in these regulations, … a cancellation decision does not exhaust
17
administrative remedies.” (Opp‟n at 14.) Plaintiff argues that in this case, appeals coordinator, J.
18
Morgan, “opted not to redress wrongful cancellation decision and failed to later exceed and accept
19
complaint be determining [sic] cancellation was made in error.” (Opp‟n at 14.) Plaintiff further
20
argues “no further exhaustion of administrative remedy is available when complaint cancelled by
21
appeals coordinator unless coordinator pursuant to CCR § 3084.6(a)(3) uses descretion [sic] to later
22
accept complaint by determining cancellation was made in error.” (Opp‟n at 15.)
23
As evident from the face of the 602 Form, the first level of review was bypassed and was
24
subsequently cancelled as untimely at the second level of review. (ECF No. 41-1, Declaration of J.
25
Morgan, Ex. B.) The incident at issue in this case occurred on July 23, 2013, and Plaintiff waited until
26
August 12, 2013, to submit his appeal relating to such incident. Plaintiff was required to submit an
27
appeal on the 602 form within thirty days from the date of the incident. Cal. Code Regs. tit. 15, §
28
3084.8(b)(1). Plaintiff filed appeal number PVSP-S-13-01968 on August 12, 2013. Thus, Plaintiff‟s
10
1
appeal was not timely filed and the cancellation was proper. Ngo, 548 U.S. at 94-95 (in order to give
2
prison official a fair opportunity to resolve a complaint, an inmate must bring that complaint in a
3
timely manner to the officials‟ attention). Plaintiff has not sufficiently shown that prison officials
4
cancelled this grievance for any reasons inconsistent with the applicable regulations, and Plaintiff is
5
not excused from exhaustion of the administrative remedies under Sapp, 623 F.3d at 822-823.
Plaintiff acknowledges that a cancellation or rejection decision does not exhaust administrative
6
7
remedies. (Opp‟n at 14; see Cal. Code Regs. tit. 15, §§ 3084.6, 3084.1(b).) The fact that Plaintiff‟s
8
misuse of force claim was reviewed outside of the appeal process, does not render the administrative
9
appeal process exhausted for purposes of Plaintiff pursuing the instant section 1983 action. In order to
10
properly exhaust, Plaintiff was required to comply with CDCR‟s deadlines and other critical
11
procedural rules. Woodford v. Ngo, 548 U.S. at 90. Because proper exhaustion is necessary, a
12
prisoner cannot satisfy the PLRA exhaustion requirement by filing an untimely or otherwise
13
procedurally defective administrative appeal. Id. at 90-93. Rather, “to properly exhaust
14
administrative remedies prisoners „must complete the administrative review process in accordance
15
with the applicable procedural rules,‟ []-rules that are defined not by the PLRA, but by the prison
16
grievance process itself.” Jones v. Bock, 549 U.S. 199, 218 (2007) (quoting Woodford, 548 U.S. at
17
88); see also Marella v. Terhune, 568 F.3d 1024, 1027 (9th Cir. 2009) (“The California prison
18
system‟s requirements „define the boundaries of proper exhaustion.‟”) (quoting Jones, 549 U.S. at
19
218).
20
Plaintiff contends that a subsequent appeal challenged the wrongful cancellation of the
21
excessive force complaint. (Opp‟n at 5.) Plaintiff reasons that an appeal cancelled at the second level
22
of review essentially exhausts the administrative remedies as are available, unless the appeals
23
coordinator later accepts the appeal by determining cancellation was made in error. (Id. at 6.) In this
24
instance, although Plaintiff appealed the cancellation of the second level review, see Appeal No.
25
PVSP-S-13-03117 (referenced above) that appeal was denied as untimely. Contrary to Plaintiff‟s
26
argument, once an appeal has been cancelled, the appeal may not be accepted unless a determination is
27
made that the cancellation was made in error or new information is received. Cal. Code Regs. tit. 15,
28
§§ 3084.6(e), 3084.6(a)(3). An inmate can appeal a cancellation decision separately by appealing the
11
1
application of section 3084.6(c) to his appeal; if he prevails on that separate appeal, the cancelled
2
appeal later can be considered at the discretion of the appeals coordinator or the third level appeals
3
chief. Id., §§ 3084.6(a)(3), 3084.6(e).
Plaintiff‟s argument that because his appeals were cancelled as untimely and he was not
4
5
granted relief from such cancellation further exhaustion cannot be accomplished, is without merit.
6
The fact that Plaintiff failed to comply with the procedural requirements, including time limitations,
7
does not excuse Plaintiff from exhaustion of the administrative remedies. To do so, would render the
8
entire appeals process useless. See Woodford, 548 U.S. at 95 (the Supreme Court explained that “a
9
prisoner wishing to bypass available administrative remedies could simply file a late grievance
10
without providing any reason for failing to file one time. If the prison then rejects the grievance as
11
untimely, the prisoner could proceed directly to federal court. And acceptance of the late grievance
12
would not thwart the prisoner‟s wish to bypass the administrative process; the prisoner could easily
13
achieve this by violating other procedural rules until the prison administration has no alternative but to
14
dismiss the grievance on procedural grounds. We are confident that the PLRA did not create such a
15
toothless scheme.”)
Accordingly, Defendants‟ motion for summary judgment should be granted and judgment
16
17
should be entered in favor of Defendants.
18
II.
19
RECOMMENDATION
20
Based on the foregoing, it is HEREBY RECOMMENDED that Defendants‟ motion for
21
summary judgment be GRANTED.
22
This Findings and Recommendation will be submitted to the United States District Judge
23
assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(l). Within thirty (30) days after
24
being served with this Findings and Recommendation, the parties may file written objections with the
25
Court. The document should be captioned “Objections to Magistrate Judge‟s Findings and
26
Recommendation.” The parties are advised that failure to file objections within the specified time may
27
///
28
///
12
1
result in the waiver of rights on appeal. Wilkerson v. Wheeler, 772 F.3d 834, 838-39 (9th Cir. 2014)
2
(citing Baxter v. Sullivan, 923 F.2d 1391, 1394 (9th Cir. 1991)).
3
4
IT IS SO ORDERED.
5
Dated:
6
November 2, 2015
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
13
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online?