Pliego v. Walmart, Inc.

Filing 22

STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER 21 , signed by Magistrate Judge Christopher D. Baker on 4/18/2024. (Hall, S)

Case 1:23-cv-00858-KES-CDB Document 21 Filed 04/17/24 Page 1 of 13

Bron E. D’Angelo, Esq. (SBN 246819)
Sean N. Costa, Esq.
(SBN 347439)
BURGER | MEYER LLP
2 999 Corporate Drive, Suite 220
Ladera Ranch, CA 92694
3 Tele: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
4 Email:[e-mail]
[e-mail]
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Attorneys for Defendant
WALMART, INC.

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

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EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

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EDUARDO GARCIA PLIEGO, an
individual,

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Plaintiff,

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vs.
WALMART, INC.; and DOES 1-100,
inclusive,
Defendants.

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Case No: 1:23-cv-00858-ADA-CDB
Judge Ana de Alba

1.

A.

STIPULATED PROTECTIVE
ORDER

Action Filed: April 27, 2023
Trial Date: None

PURPOSES AND LIMITATIONS

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The following parties, EDUARDO GARCIA PLIEGO (“Plaintiff”) and

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WALMART, INC. (“Walmart”), by their undersigned counsel, have and hereby

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stipulate and agree to entry of the following Stipulated Protective Order and to abide

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by the following terms:

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WHEREAS, the Parties have propounded or will propound certain discovery

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requests and initial disclosures including information which either Party considers to

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be proprietary, confidential business records and/or trade secrets, or sensitive,

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confidential or private information (“confidential documents and information”); and

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WHEREAS, the Parties have expressed a willingness to provide the

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confidential documents and information which would be necessarily disclosed in
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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

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complying with these discovery requests and initial disclosures, provided that the

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Court enter an appropriate protective order; and

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WHEREAS, the Parties acknowledge that this Order does not confer blanket

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protections on all disclosures or responses to discovery and that the protection it

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affords from public disclosure and use extends only to the limited information or items

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that are entitled to confidential treatment under the applicable legal principles; and

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WHEREAS, the Parties have agreed to this;

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The following procedure shall govern the production, use and disposal of the

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confidential documents and information:

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B.

GOOD CAUSE STATEMENT

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This action is likely to involve trade secrets and other valuable commercial,

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financial, technical, security, and/or proprietary information for which special

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protection from public disclosure and from use for any purpose other than prosecution

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of this action is warranted. Such confidential and proprietary materials and

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information consist of, among other things, confidential business information,

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information regarding confidential business practices, or other commercial

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information (including information implicating privacy rights of third parties),

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information generally unavailable to the public, or which may be privileged or

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otherwise protected from disclosure under state or federal statutes, court rules, case

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decisions, or common law. Accordingly, to expedite the flow of information, to

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facilitate the prompt resolution of disputes over confidential of discovery materials,

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to adequately protect information the parties are entitled to keep confidential, to

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ensure that the Parties are permitted reasonable necessary uses of such material in

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preparation for and in the conduct of trial, to address their handling at the end of the

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litigation, and serve the ends of justice, a protective order for such information is

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justified in this matter. It is the intent of the parties that the information will not be

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designated as confidential for tactical reasons and that nothing be so designated

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without good faith belief that it has been maintained in a confidential, non-public
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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

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manner, and there is good cause why it should not be part of the public record of this

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case.

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C.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF PROCEDURE FOR FILING UNDER
SEAL

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The Parties further acknowledge, as set forth in Section 9.3, below, that this

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Stipulated Protective Order does not entitle them to file confidential information

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under seal; Local Rule 141 sets forth the procedures that must be followed and the

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standards that will be applied when a party seeks permission from the Court to file

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material under seal.

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There is a strong presumption that the public has a right of access to judicial

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proceedings and records in civil cases. In connection with non-dispositive motions,

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good cause must be shown to support a filing under seal. See Kamakana v. City and

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County of Honolulu, 447 F.3d 1172 (9th Cir. 2006), Phillips v. Gen. Motors Corp.,

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307 F.3d 1206, 1210-11 (9th Cir. 2002), Makar-Welbon v. Sony Electrics, Inc., 187

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F.R.D. 576, 577 (E.D. Wis. 1999) (even stipulated protective orders require good

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cause showing), and a specific showing of good cause or compelling reasons with

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proper evidentiary support and legal justification, must be made with respect to

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Protected Material that a party seeks to file under seal. The parties’ mere designation

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of Disclosure or Discovery Materials as CONFIDENTIAL does not—without the

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submission of competent evidence by declaration, establishing that the material

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sought to be filed under seal qualifies as confidential, privileged, or otherwise

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protectable—constitute good cause.

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Further, if a party sealing related to a dispositive motion or trial, then

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compelling reasons, not only good cause, for the sealing must be shown and the relief

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sought shall be narrowly tailored to serve the specific interest to be protected. See

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Pintos v. Pacific Creditors Ass’n., 605 F.3d 665, 677-79 (9th Cir. 2010). For each

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item or type of information, document, or thing sought to be filed or introduced under

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seal in connection with a dispositive motion or trial, the party seeking protection must
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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

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articulate compelling reasons, supported by specific facts and legal justification, for

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the requested sealing order. Again, competent evidence supporting the application to

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file documents under seal must be provided by declaration.

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Any document that is not confidential, privileged, or otherwise protectable in

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its entirety will not be filed under seal if the confidential portions can be redacted. If

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documents can be redacted, then a redacted version for public viewing, omitting only

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the confidential, privileged, or otherwise protectable portions of the document, shall

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be filed. Any application that seeks to file documents under seal in their entirety

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should include an explanation of why redaction is not feasible.

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2.

SCOPE

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The protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order cover not only

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confidential material but also (1) any information copied or extracted from the

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confidential material; (2) all copies, excerpts, summaries, or compilations of the

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confidential material, and (3) any testimony, conversations, or presentations by

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Parties or their Counsel that might reveal the confidential material. The material

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expected to fall within the protection of this Stipulation and Order are: Walmart

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policies and procedures related to store and bathroom maintenance, response to

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incidents occurring within stores, and incident reporting. This Stipulation and Order

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also is expected to protect proprietary and confidential store management and incident

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reporting protocols expected to be sought by Plaintiff via a deposition of a person

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most knowledgeable. This information needs protection as it involves trade secrets

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that could be damaging to Walmart’s financial health if disclosed to the general public.

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A Court order is necessary to ensure protection as it will provide the greatest

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protections against any potential disclosures.

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Any use of the confidential material at trial shall be governed by the orders of

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the trial judge. This Order does not govern the use of the confidential material at trial.

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3.

DURATION

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Once a case proceeds to trial, information that was designated as “confidential”

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or “produced pursuant to protective order” or in some similar fashion any document

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for which it claims protection under this Order, becomes public and will be

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presumptively available to all members of the public, including the press, unless

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compelling reasons supported by specific factual findings to proceed otherwise are

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made to the trial judge in advance of trial. See Kamakana, 447 F.3d at 1180-81

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(distinguishing “good cause” showing for sealing documents produced in discovery

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from “compelling reasons” standard when merits-related documents are part of court

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record). Accordingly, the terms of this Protective Order do not extend beyond the

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commencement of the trial.

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4.

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DESIGNATING PROTECTED MATERIAL
4.1.

Designation of Confidential Documents and Information. The

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Responding Party shall mark as “confidential” or “produced pursuant to protective

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order” or in some similar fashion any document for which it claims protection under

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this Order. If only a portion of the material on a page qualifies for protection, the

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Responding Party also must clearly identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making

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appropriate markings in the margins). The document, things and information

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contained in them or gleaned from them shall only be used, shown and disclosed only

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as provided in this Order. The term “confidential documents and information” as used

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in this Order shall be construed to include the documents and materials so marked,

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and their content, substance and the information contained in or gleaned from them.

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The term shall also be construed to include any summaries, quotes, excerpts and/or

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paraphrases of the documents, things or information. The designation shall be made

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in good faith and shall not be made with respect to any documents which is in the

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public domain, such as patents, or any other document which has previously been

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produced or disseminated without confidentiality protection.

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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

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Mass, indiscriminate or routinized designations are prohibited. Designations

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that are shown to be clearly unjustified or that have been made for an improper

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purpose (e.g. to unnecessarily encumber the case development process or to impose

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unnecessary expenses and burdens on other parties) may expose the Designating Party

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to sanctions.

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If it comes to a Responding Party’s attention that information or items that it

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designated for protection do not qualify for protection, that Responding Party must

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promptly notify all other Parties that it is withdrawing the inapplicable designation
4.2.

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Inadvertent Failures to Designate. If timely corrected, an inadvertent

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failure to designate qualified information or items does not, standing alone, waive the

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Responding Party’s right to secure protection under this Order for such material.

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Upon timely correction of a designation, the Receiving Party must make reasonable

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efforts to assure that the material is treated in accordance with the provisions of this

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Order.

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5.

ACCESS TO AND USE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL

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5.1. Access to Confidential Documents and Information by Qualified Persons.

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This Protective Order is limited to the context of pre-trial civil discovery. This

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Protective Order does not restrict dissemination of information if gained from other

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public sources outside of pre-trial civil discovery. Accordingly, access to confidential

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documents and other materials, any parts thereof, any summaries or extracts thereof,

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as well as matters contained therein which are produced or obtained exclusively

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through pre-trial discovery shall be limited to the following “qualified persons.” The

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following persons are automatically deemed “qualified person:”

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a.

This Court and its employees;

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b.

The jurors;

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c.

Counsel of record for the parties to this lawsuit

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d.

Those paralegals, stenographic and clerical employees who are

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employed by and assisting counsel of record
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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

Case 1:23-cv-00858-KES-CDB Document 21 Filed 04/17/24 Page 7 of 13

e.

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The parties of record and their officers, directors, employees,

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counsel of record and insures to the extent necessary to assist in

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preparing for discovery, depositions, resolution, or for trial, who

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are otherwise assisting in this litigation;

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f.

Deposition witnesses;

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g.

Witnesses called at trial;

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h.

Any mediator who is assigned/chosen to hear this matter, and

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his/her staff, subject to their agreement to maintain confidentiality

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to the same degree as required by this stipulation; and
i.

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Any expert or consultant who has been retained or specially

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employed by a party in anticipation of this litigation or for trial of

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this case, to the extent necessary to assist in litigation, and who

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has signed a written certification in the form set as Exhibit “A”;

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provided, however, that no confidential documents and

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information shall be disseminated to any expert or consultant:

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i.

Who is an employee of a direct business competitor of the
party producing the information; or

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ii.

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Who is employed by a direct business competitor of the

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party producing the information and who directly

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participates in design, manufacturing, marketing, or service

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activities of direct business competitors.

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Counsel of record shall maintain such certifications for all designated experts,

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and shall provide copies of the certifications upon demand to counsel for any opposing

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party. Demand to one counsel of record for a party is deemed to be a demand to all

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counsel of record for a party

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5.2

Jurisdiction Over Qualified Persons. Each qualified person is subject to

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the jurisdiction of this court for purposes of enforcement of this Order. Counsel of

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record are responsible for ensuring that their employees and any experts they retain
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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

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comply strictly with this Order. Violation by an employee of counsel or by an expert

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retained by counsel shall be deemed a violation by counsel.
5.3

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Use

of

Confidential

Documents

and

Information

Generally.

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Confidential documents, things and information may be used solely in connection

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with this lawsuit and for no other purpose. No qualified person who gains access to

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the confidential documents, things and information may disclose them or their

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contents to any other person without the written stipulation of the producing party or

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by order of this Court.
5.4

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Use of Confidential Documents and Information in this Lawsuit.

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Confidential documents, things and information may be used at trial or at depositions,

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in accordance with the following safeguards: if confidential documents, things and

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information are used in depositions, all portions of the transcript of such depositions

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and exhibits thereto which refer to or relate to such confidential documents, things or

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information shall themselves be considered as confidential documents. The

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Responding Party will identify the disclosure or discovery material on the record,

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before the close of the deposition of all protected testimony. The party introducing

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such confidential documents, things and information shall ensure that the court report

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binds the confidential portions of the transcript and exhibits separately and labels

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them “confidential.” In addition, each deponent is ordered that he may not divulge

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any confidential documents, things or information except to qualified persons.

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6.

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CHALLENGING CONFIDENTIALITY DESGINATIONS
6.1

Challenges to Claims of Confidentiality. If a party contends that any

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documents, information or portions of them which another party or third party has

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designated as confidential are not entitled to protection, he may file a motion to

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change the designation. As per Stadish v. Superior Court (1999) 71 Cal.App.4th 1130,

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the motion to change the designation shall provide notice and an opportunity for the

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proponent of the confidentiality to respond. The burden is placed on the proponent of

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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

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confidentiality to demonstrate good cause. The documents and information shall

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remain confidential until their status is changed by stipulation or order.

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7.

A NON-PARTY’S PROTECTED MATERIAL SOUGHT TO BE

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PRODUCED IN THIS LITIGATION

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(a) The terms of this Order are applicable to information produced by a Non-

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Party in this Action as designated as “confidential” or “produced pursuant to

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protective order” or in some similar fashion any document for which it claims

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protection under this Order. Such information produced by Non-Parties in connection

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with this litigation is protected by the remedies and relief provided by this Order.

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Nothing in these provisions should be construed as prohibiting a Non-Party from

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seeking additional protections.

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(b) In the event that a Party is required, by a valid discovery request, to produce

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a Non-Party’s confidential information in its possession, and the Party is subject to an

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agreement with the Non-Party not to produce the Non-Party’s confidential

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information, then the Party shall:

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(1) promptly notify in writing the Required Party and the Non-Party that

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some or all of the information requested is subject to a confidentiality agreement with

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a Non-Party;

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(2) promptly provide the Non-Party a copy of the Stipulated Protective

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Order in this Action, the relevant discovery request(s), and a reasonably specific

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description of the information requested; and

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(3) make the information requested available for inspection by the NonParty, if requested.

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(c) If the Non-Party fails to seek a protective order from this Court within 14

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days of receiving the notice and accompanying information, the Receiving Party may

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produce the Non-Party’s confidential information responsive to the discovery request.

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If the Non-Party timely seeks a protective order, the Receiving Party shall not produce

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any information in its possession or control that is subject to the confidentiality
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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

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agreement with the Non-Party before a determination by the Court. Absent a court

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order to the contrary, the Non-Party shall bear the burden and expense of seeking

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protection in this Court of its Protected Material.

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8.

INADVERTENT PRODUCTION OF PRIVILEGED OR OTHERWISE

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PROTECTED MATERIAL

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When a Responding Party gives notice to Receiving Parties that certain

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inadvertently produced material is subject to a claim of privilege or otherwise

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protection, the obligations of the Receiving Parties are those set forth in Federal Rule

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of Civil Procedure 16(b)(5)(B). This provision is not intended to modify whatever

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procedure may be established in an e-discovery order that provides for production

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without prior privilege review. Pursuant to Federal Rule of Evidence 502(d) and (e),

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insofar as the parties reach an agreement on the effect of disclosure of a

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communication or information covered by the attorney-client privilege or work

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product protection, the parties may incorporate their agreement in the stipulated

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protective order submitted to the Court.

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9.

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MISCELLANEOUS
9.1

Right to Further Relief. Nothing in this Order abridges the rights of any

person to seek its modification by the Court in the future.
9.2

Right to Assert Other Objections. By stipulating to the entry of this

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Protective Order, no Party waives any right it otherwise would have to object to

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disclosing or producing any information or item on any ground not addressed in this

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Stipulated Protective Order. Similarly, no Party waives any right to object on any

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ground to use in evidence of any of the material covered by this Protective Order

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9.3

Filing and Sealing. A Party that seeks to file under seal any Protected

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Material must comply with Local Rule 141. When a party files confidential

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documents, things and information, including confidential portions or any transcript,

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he/she shall file them in sealed envelopes or other appropriately sealed containers on

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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

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which shall be endorsed with the title of this action and a statement substantially in

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the following form:

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Provisionally “Filed Under Seal Pursuant to Protective Order.”

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The envelop or container shall not be opened or released to anyone other than

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qualified persons without further order of the Court.
9.4

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Amendments. Nothing in this Order will prejudice either party from

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seeking amendments broadening or restricting the rights of access to and the use of

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confidential documents or information, or contesting the designation of a confidential

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document or qualified person.

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10.

FINAL DISPOSITION

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10.1 Disposal at the Conclusion of this Action. After the final disposition of

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this Action, within sixty (60) days of a written request by the Responding Party, each

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Receiving Party must return all confidential documents, things and information, and

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all copies thereof. Whether the documents, things and information is returned or

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destroyed, the Receiving Party must submit a written certification to the Producing

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Party (and, if not the same person or entity, to the Responding Party) by the 60 day

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deadline that (1) identifies (by category, where appropriate) all the confidential

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material that was returned or destroyed and (2) affirms that the Receiving Party has

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not retained any copies, abstracts, compilations, summaries or any other format

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reproducing or capturing any of the confidential material. Notwithstanding this

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provision, Counsel are entitled to retain an archival copy of all pleadings, motion

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papers, trial, deposition, and hearing transcripts, legal memoranda, correspondence,

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deposition and trial exhibits, expert reports, attorney work product, and consultant

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and expert work product, even if such materials contain confidential material. Any

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such archival copies that contain or constitute confidential material remain subject to

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this Protective Order as set forth in Section 3 (DURATION)

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10.2 Execution. Facsimile copies of signature pages may be used as originals

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and this Stipulated Protective Order may be executed in counterparts with the same
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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

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full force and effect. This Stipulation and Protective Order consists of 13 pages

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inclusive of a single-page exhibit, and is executed on the date set below.

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Dated: August 4, 2023

ADAMSON AHDOOT, LLP

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/s/ Eean L. Boles

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Eean L. Boles, Esq.
Attorneys for Plaintiff
EDUARDO GARCIA PLIEGO

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Dated: August 4, 2023

BURGER | MEYER LLP

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/s/ Sean N. Costa
Bron E. D’Angelo, Esq.
Sean N. Costa, Esq.
Attorneys for Defendant
WALMART STORES, INC.

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IT IS SO ORDERED

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Dated:

April 18, 2024

JUDGE CHRISTOPHER D. BAKER

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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

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EXHIBIT “A”

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EDUARDO GARCIA PLIEGO V. WALMART, INC.

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF

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CALIFORNIA CASE NO. 1:23-cv-00858-ADA-CDB

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I, _____________, [print or type name] am employed by _________________

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I am:

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_______

a.

A party to this action.

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_______

b.

Counsel for _________________.

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_______

c.

Employed by ________________.

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_______

d.

I have been retained by counsel for ___________________.

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My present occupation or job description is:

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I hereby acknowledge that I have received and read a copy of the Protetive

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Order entered in this action in the United States District Court Eastern District of

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California, Case No. 1:23-cv-00858-ADA-CDB, and I understand the limitations this

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Protective Order imposes upon the use, disclosure, and the eventual return and/or

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destruction of information designated as “confidential litigation materials.” I further

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understand that any unauthorized use and disclosure of any confidential litigation

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materials shall constitute contempt of Court, and I hereby consent to the personal

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jurisdiciton of the United States Eastern District of California in connection with any

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use or disclosure of confidential litigation materials. I agree to be bound by all terms

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of such Protective Order.

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Dated:

Signed:
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STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER