Roberts v. California Department of Corrections et al
Filing
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ORDER signed by Magistrate Judge Gregory G. Hollows on 2/7/2012 ORDERING that the complaint is DISMISSED with leave to file an amended complaint within 28 days. (Yin, K)
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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
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FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
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PAUL DEAN ROBERTS,
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Plaintiff,
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No. CIV S-12-0247 GGH P
vs.
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CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT
OF CORRECTIONS, et al.,
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Defendants.
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ORDER
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Plaintiff is a state prisoner proceedings pro se. This action was removed by
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defendants from state court as plaintiff seeks relief pursuant to Title II of the Americans with
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Disabilities Act (ADA).
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The court is required to screen complaints brought by prisoners seeking relief
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against a governmental entity or officer or employee of a governmental entity. 28 U.S.C.
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§ 1915A(a). The court must dismiss a complaint or portion thereof if the prisoner has raised
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claims that are legally “frivolous or malicious,” that fail to state a claim upon which relief may be
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granted, or that seek monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief. 28
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U.S.C. § 1915A(b)(1),(2).
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A claim is legally frivolous when it lacks an arguable basis either in law or in fact.
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Neitzke v. Williams, 490 U.S. 319, 325 (1989); Franklin v. Murphy, 745 F.2d 1221, 1227-28
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(9th Cir. 1984). The court may, therefore, dismiss a claim as frivolous where it is based on an
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indisputably meritless legal theory or where the factual contentions are clearly baseless. Neitzke,
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490 U.S. at 327. The critical inquiry is whether a constitutional claim, however inartfully
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pleaded, has an arguable legal and factual basis. See Jackson v. Arizona, 885 F.2d 639, 640 (9th
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Cir. 1989); Franklin, 745 F.2d at 1227.
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A complaint must contain more than a “formulaic recitation of the elements of a
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cause of action;” it must contain factual allegations sufficient to “raise a right to relief above the
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speculative level.” Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 127 S. Ct. 1955, 1965 (2007).
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“The pleading must contain something more...than...a statement of facts that merely creates a
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suspicion [of] a legally cognizable right of action.” Id., quoting 5 C. Wright & A. Miller, Federal
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Practice and Procedure 1216, pp. 235-235 (3d ed. 2004). “[A] complaint must contain sufficient
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factual matter, accepted as true, to ‘state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.’” Ashcroft
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v. Iqbal, ___ U.S. ___, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 1949 (2009) (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 570, 127
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S.Ct. 1955). “A claim has facial plausibility when the plaintiff pleads factual content that allows
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the court to draw the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct
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alleged.” Id.
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In reviewing a complaint under this standard, the court must accept as true the
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allegations of the complaint in question, Hospital Bldg. Co. v. Rex Hospital Trustees, 425 U.S.
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738, 740, 96 S.Ct. 1848 (1976), construe the pleading in the light most favorable to the plaintiff,
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and resolve all doubts in the plaintiff’s favor. Jenkins v. McKeithen, 395 U.S. 411, 421, 89 S.Ct.
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1843 (1969).
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Plaintiff states that he was confined to a wheelchair and because of this disability
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was denied certain freedoms, property and programs that were provided to other inmates.
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However, the complaint does not provide details concerning the denial of programs and property
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and how it was due to plaintiff’s disability. Based on plaintiff’s exhibits it appears that for
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approximately three and a half weeks, he was moved from High Desert State Prison to CTC,
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because at that time he required a wheelchair accessible cell and none were available at High
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Desert. Plaintiff was then returned to High Desert when his health improved. It appears plaintiff
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did not receive his property at CTC because he was there less than a month, not due to his
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disability status. It appears plaintiff may have been denied yard and canteen services, but it is not
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clear how the denial was related to his disability. Therefore, this complaint is dismissed, but
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plaintiff may file an amended complaint within 28 days to describe in more detail the services he
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was denied and how it was related to his disability.
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Title II of the ADA “prohibit[s] discrimination on the basis of disability.” Lovell
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v. Chandler, 303 F.3d 1039, 1052 (9th Cir. 2002). Title II provides that “no qualified individual
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with a disability shall, by reason of such disability, be excluded from participation in or be denied
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the benefits of the services, programs, or activities of a public entity, or be subject to
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discrimination by such entity.” 42 U.S.C. § 12132. Title II of the ADA applies to inmates within
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state prisons. Pennsylvania Dept. of Corrections v. Yeskey, 524 U.S. 206, 118 S.Ct. 1952, 1955,
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141 L.Ed.2d 215 (1998); see also Armstrong v. Wilson, 124 F.3d 1019, 1023 (9th Cir.1997);
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Duffy v. Riveland, 98 F.3d 447, 453-56 (9th Cir. 1996).
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In order to state a claim that a public program or service violated Title II of the
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ADA, a plaintiff must show: (1) he is a “qualified individual with a disability”; (2) he was either
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excluded from participation in or denied the benefits of a public entity’s services, programs, or
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activities, or was otherwise discriminated against by the public entity; and (3) such exclusion,
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denial of benefits, or discrimination was by reason of his disability. McGary v. City of Portland,
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386 F.3d 1259, 1265 (9th Cir. 2004).
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If plaintiff chooses to amend the complaint, plaintiff must demonstrate how the
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conditions complained of have resulted in a deprivation of plaintiff’s constitutional rights. See
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Ellis v. Cassidy, 625 F.2d 227 (9th Cir. 1980). Also, the complaint must allege in specific terms
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how each named defendant is involved. There can be no liability under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 unless
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there is some affirmative link or connection between a defendant’s actions and the claimed
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deprivation. Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362, 96 S.Ct. 598 (1976); May v. Enomoto, 633 F.2d
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164, 167 (9th Cir. 1980); Johnson v. Duffy, 588 F.2d 740, 743 (9th Cir. 1978). Furthermore,
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vague and conclusory allegations of official participation in civil rights violations are not
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sufficient. See Ivey v. Board of Regents, 673 F.2d 266, 268 (9th Cir. 1982).
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In addition, plaintiff is informed that the court cannot refer to a prior pleading in
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order to make plaintiff’s amended complaint complete. Local Rule 15-220 requires that an
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amended complaint be complete in itself without reference to any prior pleading. This is
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because, as a general rule, an amended complaint supersedes the original complaint. See Loux v.
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Rhay, 375 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir. 1967). Once plaintiff files an amended complaint, the original
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pleading no longer serves any function in the case. Therefore, in an amended complaint, as in an
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original complaint, each claim and the involvement of each defendant must be sufficiently
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alleged.
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In accordance with the above, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the complaint is
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dismissed for the reasons discussed above, with leave to file an amended complaint, within
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twenty-eight days from the date of service of this order. Failure to file an amended complaint
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will result in a recommendation that this action be dismissed.
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DATED: February 7, 2012
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/s/ Gregory G. Hollows
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE
GGH: AB
robe0247.b
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