American Zurich Insuranc Company et al v. Ironshore Specialty Insurance Company
Filing
54
ORDER signed by District Judge Troy L. Nunley on 9/10/2018 GRANTING 50 Motion for Reconsideration re 46 Order on Motion for Summary Judgment; This Court's Order denying Defendant's Motion for Summary Judgment as to Plaintiffs' six ty-first through sixty-third causes of action is hereby VACATED; and Defendant's Motion for Summary Judgment as to Plaintiffs' sixty first through sixty-third causes of action is hereby GRANTED. The Clerk of Court is directed to close the case. CASE CLOSED; (Washington, S)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
9
EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
10
11
12
13
AMERICAN ZURICH INSURANCE
COMPANY, NORTHERN INSURANCE
COMPANY, and STEADFAST
INSURANCE COMPANY,
ORDER
Plaintiffs,
14
15
16
17
No. 2:14-cv-00060-TLN-KJN
v.
IRONSHORE SPECIALTY INSURANCE
COMPANY,
Defendant.
18
19
This matter is before the Court on Defendant Ironshore Specialty Insurance Company’s
20
(“Defendant”) Motion for Reconsideration (ECF No. 50) of its Motion for Summary Judgment
21
(ECF No. 20) as to the sixty-first through sixty-third causes of action. Alternatively, Defendant
22
moves for relief from the Pretrial Scheduling Order (ECF No. 14) and renewal of its Motion for
23
Summary Judgment (ECF No. 20). Plaintiffs American Zurich Insurance Company, Northern
24
Insurance Company, and Steadfast Insurance Company (collectively referred to as “Plaintiffs”)
25
filed a document titled Response to Motion for Reconsideration, responding to Defendant’s
26
motion. (ECF No. 51.) For the reasons discussed below, Defendant’s Motion for
27
Reconsideration is GRANTED.
28
1
1
I.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
2
Both parties are aware of the factual background as discussed in the Court’s previous
3
Order (ECF No. 46), and said factual background is adopted herein. In summary, the instant
4
action is an insurance coverage matter in which Defendant disclaimed coverage in connection
5
with twenty-one separate court cases regarding defective construction. Plaintiffs alleged sixty-
6
three causes of action against Defendant, which represent a count for declaratory relief, equitable
7
contribution, and equitable indemnity as to each of the twenty-one court cases. (Second Am.
8
Compl. (“SAC”), ECF No. 10.)
Defendant moved for summary judgment as to all sixty-three counts. (Def’s P&A in
9
10
Supp. of Mot. for Summ. J., ECF No. 20-1.) Plaintiffs moved for partial summary judgment as to
11
Defendant’s duty to defend for causes of action Nos. 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 25, 28, 31, 34, 37, 40,
12
43, 46, 49, 52, 55, 58, and 61. (Pls’ Mot. for Summ. J., ECF No. 26.) In its Order on October 31,
13
2016 (ECF No. 46), the Court denied Plaintiffs’ motion and granted Defendant’s motion with
14
respect to all but Plaintiffs’ sixty-first through sixty-third causes of action.
15
The Court denied Defendant’s motion as to Plaintiffs’ sixty-first through sixty-third
16
causes of action because it was not in receipt of the First Amended Complaint (“FAC”) that
17
corresponded to the case at issue in counts sixty-one through sixty-three. Without the operative
18
complaint, the Court could not determine whether Plaintiffs alleged any facts to dispute
19
Defendant’s assertion that it had no duty to defend. In an effort to correct its inadvertence,
20
Defendant provided the FAC1 (Def’s Req. for Jud. Notice, Ex. 1, ECF No. 50-2) and moves the
21
Court to reconsider the denial of Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment as to Plaintiffs’
22
remaining causes of action. The Court first addresses Defendant’s Motion for Reconsideration.
23
The Court then addresses the effect of reconsideration on Defendant’s Motion for Summary
24
Judgment.
25
1
26
27
28
Defendant requests the Court take judicial notice of the FAC for the case Morataya v. Lennar Renaissance,
Inc. (“Morataya”). (Req. for Jud. Notice, Ex. 1, ECF No. 50-2.) Under Federal Rule of Evidence 201, a court can
take judicial notice of a document when the subject “can be accurately and readily determined from the sources
whose accuracy cannot reasonably be questioned.” For the reasons stated in Defendant’s request and noting no
opposition by Plaintiffs to said request, the Court GRANTS Defendant’s request, and takes judicial notice of the
attached exhibit pursuant to Federal Rule of Evidence 201 (Ex. 1, ECF No. 50-2).
2
1
II.
MOTION FOR RECONSIDERATION
2
A.
Legal Standard
3
The Court is authorized to reconsider its Order under its inherent power and Federal Rule
4
of Civil Procedure 54(b) (“Rule 54(b)”). See Fed. R. Civ. P. 54(b); City of Los Angeles, Harbor
5
Div. v. Santa Monica Baykeeper, 254 F.3d 882, 885 (9th Cir. 2001). With respect to non-final
6
orders, such as an order granting in part and denying in part a defendant’s motion for summary
7
judgment, the Ninth Circuit has recognized that “[a]s long as a district court has jurisdiction over
8
the case, then it possesses the inherent procedural power to reconsider, rescind, or modify an
9
interlocutory order for cause seen by it to be sufficient.” Santa Monica Baykeeper, 254 F.3d at
10
885 (internal quotation marks omitted). This inherent power is grounded “in the common law
11
and is not abridged by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.” Id. at 887.
12
In addition to the inherent power to modify a non-final order, Rule 54(b) authorizes a
13
district court to revise a non-final order “at any time before the entry of a judgment adjudicating
14
all the claims.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 54(b). A district court may reconsider and reverse a previous
15
interlocutory decision for any reason it deems sufficient, even in the absence of new evidence or
16
an intervening change in the controlling law. Abada v. Charles Schwab & Co., Inc., 127 F. Supp.
17
2d 1101, 1102 (S.D. Cal. 2000).
18
B.
19
Defendant contends that reconsideration is the most efficient manner to resolve the
20
remaining issues now that the Court is in receipt of the FAC. (Def’s Mot. to Recon., ECF No. 50
21
at 1–2.) Notably, Plaintiffs do not oppose reconsideration. In fact, Plaintiffs agree that the Court
22
has the power to reconsider interlocutory orders. (Pls’ Response to Def’s Mot. to Recon., ECF
23
No. 51 at 2.) Plaintiffs instead respond to Defendant’s Motion for Reconsideration by
24
preemptively reviving the same arguments used to oppose Defendant’s Motion for Summary
25
Judgment. (ECF No. 51 at 2–6.)
26
Analysis
Defendant states that its previous failure to attach the FAC was due to inadvertence of its
27
counsel. (ECF No. 50-2 ¶ 3.) Thus, the present case is similar to Gridley v. Cleveland Pneumatic
28
Company, 127 F.R.D. 102 (M.D. Pa. 1989). In Gridley, a district court granted a motion for
3
1
summary judgment brought by one of the defendants. Id. at 103. Later, a pamphlet for the
2
insurance policy at issue was discovered that defined a material term of the contract. Id. The
3
plaintiffs and remaining defendants moved the court to reconsider its grant of summary judgment,
4
stating that the definition from the pamphlet would change the summary judgment analysis. Id.
5
The court agreed. Id. at 106. It granted the motion for reconsideration and vacated its grant of
6
summary judgment because 1) the pamphlet materially changed the analysis, 2) the failure to
7
provide the pamphlet sooner was the result of mistake, inadvertence, or excusable neglect, and 3)
8
reconsideration would not unfairly prejudice the nonmoving party. Id.
9
Like Gridley, the FAC materially changes the summary judgment analysis in the present
10
case because it gives the Court a complete view of Plaintiffs’ allegations. Furthermore,
11
Defendant states its initial failure to attach the FAC was inadvertent. Plaintiffs do not contest this
12
argument. Therefore, the Court finds Defendant’s failure to attach the FAC to be inadvertent.
13
Finally, reconsideration of the denial of summary judgment will not unfairly prejudice the
14
Plaintiffs, especially considering that Plaintiffs do not oppose the Motion for Reconsideration
15
directly and instead recycle arguments to oppose Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment. It
16
is well within this Court’s inherent powers and Rule 54(b) to reconsider its denial of summary
17
judgment under these circumstances. Thus, the Court will reconsider its previous Order (ECF
18
No. 46).
19
III.
DEFENDANT’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT
20
A.
Legal Standard
21
Summary judgment is appropriate when the moving party demonstrates no genuine issue
22
as to any material fact exists. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c); Adickes v. S.H. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144,
23
157 (1970). If the moving party meets its initial responsibility, the burden then shifts to the
24
opposing party to establish that a genuine issue as to any material fact does exist. Matsushita
25
Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 585–87 (1986); First Nat’l Bank of Ariz. v.
26
Cities Serv. Co., 391 U.S. 253, 288–89 (1968). To establish the existence of a factual dispute, the
27
opposing party is required to tender evidence of specific facts in support of its contention that the
28
dispute exists. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c). The evidence of the opposing party is to be believed, and all
4
1
reasonable inferences that may be drawn from the facts pleaded before the court must be drawn in
2
favor of the opposing party. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 255. Nevertheless, inferences are not drawn
3
out of the air, and it is the opposing party’s obligation to produce a factual predicate from which
4
the inference may be drawn. Richards v. Nielsen Freight Lines, 602 F. Supp. 1224, 1244–45
5
(E.D. Cal. 1985), aff’d, 810 F.2d 898 (9th Cir. 1987). To demonstrate a genuine issue that
6
necessitates a jury trial, the opposing party “must do more than simply show that there is some
7
metaphysical doubt as to the material facts.” Matsushita, 475 U.S. at 586. “Where the record
8
taken as a whole could not lead a rational trier of fact to find for the nonmoving party, there is no
9
‘genuine issue for trial.’” Id. at 587.
10
B.
Facts of the Underlying Case
11
Plaintiffs’ sixty-first through sixty-third causes of action stem from a claim that defective
12
construction by Sherman Loehr, a custom tile company insured by Defendant, caused a fire in the
13
Morataya home on December 22, 2010. (ECF No. 50-2 ¶ 7.) The plaintiff alleged “on December
14
22, 2010, the residential structure which was designed, built, developed, and sold by Defendants .
15
. . was the subject of a significant structure fire, the genesis of which was a defectively designed
16
and constructed chimney.” (ECF No. 50-2 ¶ 7.)
17
The Morataya home was completed in 2001. (Not. of Completion, Ex. 152, ECF No. 21-
18
28 at 58). Sherman Loehr’s insurance policy with Defendant was effective from October 31,
19
2009 through October 31, 2010. (ECF No. 21-3). The policy contained a Continuous or
20
Progressive Injury Exclusion (“CP Exclusion”), which states in relevant part,
21
This insurance does not apply to any . . . “property damage”:
22
1. which first existed, or is alleged to have first existed, prior to the inception of
this policy. “Property damage” from “your work” . . . performed prior to policy
inception will be deemed to have first existed prior to the policy inception, unless
such “property damage” is sudden and accidental. (“CP Exclusion 1”)
23
24
2. Which was, or is alleged to have been, in the process of taking place prior to the
inception date of this policy, even if such . . . “property damage” continued
during this policy period. . . (“CP Exclusion 2”)
25
26
27
28
///
///
///
///
5
1
C.
2
Defendant asserts that it had no duty to defend because Sherman Loehr completed work
3
on the Morataya home prior to the policy inception. (ECF No. 20-1 at 15‒17.) Defendant also
4
argues that the fire in the home, allegedly a result of the defective construction, occurred after the
5
expiration of the policy. (ECF No. 20-1 at 17‒18.) Plaintiff contends that sudden or accidental
6
damages to Morataya’s home could have occurred during the policy period, and thus, Defendant
7
has a duty to defend. (ECF No. 26 at 11–13.)
8
Analysis
To determine whether an insurer owes a duty to defend, a court compares the allegations
9
of the complaint with the terms of the policy. Horace Mann Ins. Co. v. Barbara B., 4 Cal. 4th
10
1076, 1081 (1993). Just like the other cases already disposed of in this litigation, the Morataya
11
home was completed in 2001, prior to the inception date of Sherman Loehr’s policy in 2009.
12
Thus, the defective construction existed prior to the inception of the insurance policy and is
13
excluded by CP Exclusions 1 and 2. Furthermore, any damage related to the fire is excluded
14
because the fire occurred after the expiration of the policy. The Plaintiffs did not allege any facts
15
to suggest the damage was the result of a sudden or accidental occurrence during the policy
16
period. Just as they did with the previous cases, Plaintiffs argue that the homeowner’s claims
17
were “silent pleadings.” (ECF No. 26 at 12.) Again, this Court finds no merit in Plaintiffs’
18
claims. As the Court noted, the homeowner pled with specificity that the damage complained of
19
was caused by alleged construction defects that pre-existed the policy. The Court finds that
20
Defendant compared the allegations of the complaint with the terms of the policy and reasonably
21
determined it did not owe a duty to defend as is required under the law. Therefore, this Court’s
22
original Order (ECF No. 46) is VACATED only as to the Court’s finding for Plaintiffs’ sixty-first
23
through sixty-third causes of action. Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment as to Plaintiffs’
24
sixty-first through sixty-third causes of action is now GRANTED.
25
IV.
CONCLUSION
26
For the foregoing reasons, the Court orders as follows:
27
1. Defendant’s Motion for Reconsideration is hereby GRANTED;
28
6
1
2
3
2. This Court’s Order denying Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment as to
Plaintiffs’ sixty-first through sixty-third causes of action is hereby VACATED; and
3. Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment as to Plaintiffs’ sixty-first through sixty-
4
third causes of action is hereby GRANTED.
5
4. The Clerk of Court is directed to close the case.
6
IT IS SO ORDERED.
7
8
Dated: September 10, 2018
9
10
11
Troy L. Nunley
United States District Judge
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
7
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online?