Krause v. Hawaiian Airlines, Inc.
Filing
26
ORDER signed by Magistrate Judge Allison Claire on 6/24/2019 GRANTING IN PART and DENYING IN PART 23 Motion to Strike Plaintiff's Amended Expert Disclosure. The following individuals are excluded as expert witnesses: Alvaro Aguirre, P.A.; Dr . Brandon Slockbower, M.D.; Dr. Bahram Varjavand, M.D., Ph.D.; Dr. Robert Hulbert, D.C.; Dr. Roy Martinez, M.D.; Dr. David Stoller, M.D.; Dr. Gina Creutzberg, M.D.; Dr. Marc Maskowitz, M.D.; Mark Hansberry, PT; Shawn Burger, PT; Dr. Santi Rao, M.D.; Michael Reisman, F.N.P.; PMK and/or Treating Provider at Vibrant Care Rehabilitation; and Alan Black, PE, CSP, CFI-A. Defendant shall have 30 days from the date of entry of this order to serve plaintiff with any rebuttal expert witness disclosures solely for the purpose of rebutting non-stricken expert witnesses Dr. Amir Jamali and/or Dorajane Apuna-Grummer. (Huang, H)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
9
FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
10
11
GWEN KRAUSE,
12
13
14
15
No. 2:18-cv-00928 JAM AC
Plaintiff,
v.
ORDER
HAWAIIAN AIRLINES, INC.,
Defendant.
16
17
This matter is before the court on defendant’s ex parte application for a renewed motion to
18
strike plaintiff’s expert disclosures, pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 37(c)(1). ECF
19
No. 23. This discovery motion was referred to the undersigned pursuant to Local Rule 302(c)(1).
20
Upon review of the record and the parties’ briefs, the motion will be GRANTED in part and
21
DENIED in part for the following reasons.
22
23
I.
Relevant Background
Plaintiff is suing defendant Hawaiian Airlines, Inc., for negligence after she was injured as
24
a passenger on one of its flights. ECF No. 1.1 at 1-4. The case was removed to this court on
25
April 16, 2018. ECF No. 1. On June 19, 2018, the court issued a Pretrial Scheduling Order
26
(“Scheduling Order”), establishing the following relevant deadlines: (1) designation of expert
27
witnesses due by 4/19/2019; (2) supplemental disclosure and disclosure of any rebuttal experts
28
made by 4/26/2019; (3) all discovery completed by 6/21/2019; (4) dispositive motions to be heard
1
1
on 8/13/2019; (5) final pretrial conference set for 9/27/2019; and (6) jury trial set for 11/4/2019.
2
ECF No. 8.
3
The Parties’ Original Expert Disclosures
4
On April 19, 2019, in keeping with the Scheduling Order, defendant made its expert
5
disclosures. ECF No. 23.2 at 2. As relevant to the instant motion, defendant disclosed a retained
6
liability expert, including the expert’s report, supported by photos and exhibits, pursuant to Fed.
7
R. Civ. P. 26(a)(2)(B).1 Id. at 3.
8
Owing to previously undetected calendaring issues that arose in the course of plaintiff’s
9
counsel transitioning to a new firm starting in February 2019, plaintiff did not timely serve her
10
expert disclosures. ECF No. 25.1 at 2. Upon receiving defendant’s expert disclosures on
11
April 25, 2019, plaintiff’s counsel realized that many deadlines in this case had not been
12
transferred properly. ECF No. 25 at 4. The same day, plaintiff’s counsel drafted and mailed
13
plaintiff’s expert disclosures to defendant by regular mail. Id. Plaintiff’s expert disclosures listed
14
only the names and addresses of eight non-retained experts, and one retained expert, Mr. Alan
15
Black, who was to testify about the aircraft’s defects. ECF No. 23.2 at 7-8. Plaintiff did not
16
include for Mr. Black a written report containing the information required for disclosures of
17
retained experts, nor did she indicate the subject matter or facts and opinions of her non-retained
18
experts’ testimony. Id. Defendant received plaintiff’s purported expert disclosures the week of
19
April 29, 2019—after the original deadline for rebuttal expert disclosures had passed. ECF
20
No. 9.2 at 2.
21
On May 29, 2019, defendant moved to strike plaintiff’s expert disclosures as untimely and
22
incomplete, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(c)(1). ECF No. 9. On June 7, 2019, the undersigned
23
issued an order denying the motion. ECF No. 17. The court found that plaintiff’s expert
24
disclosure was “untimely and woefully inadequate” because it contained virtually none of the
25
information required by Rule 26(a)(2)(B) for retained experts, and as to the non-retained experts,
26
plaintiff had “provided neither the subject matter of their testimony, nor a summary of the facts
27
28
1
The court has not been provided a copy of defendant’s expert disclosures but bases this
statement on defense counsel’s description provided in his supporting declaration.
2
1
and opinions to which they would testify,” as required by Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(a)(2)(C). Id. at 6.
2
Nevertheless, the court concluded that exclusionary sanctions were not warranted at the time
3
because defendant waited an unreasonable time before seeking to cure the deficiencies, and
4
because the deficient disclosure was harmless in light of the time remaining before discovery
5
closed. Id. at 6-9. The court ordered plaintiff to provide fully compliant expert disclosures by
6
June 14, 2019; extended the rebuttal expert disclosure deadline to June 21, 2019; and kept all
7
other deadlines in place. Id. at 9. Notably, the motion to strike was denied without prejudice to
8
its renewal, should plaintiff fail to comply. Id.
9
On June 13, 2019, plaintiff filed an ex parte application to extend the discovery cut-off
10
deadline, citing numerous difficulties and disputes between opposing counsel. ECF No. 18. On
11
June 19, 2019, the District Judge granted in part plaintiff’s application, extending the discovery
12
period from June 21, 2019 to October 19, 2019 and adjusting the remaining scheduling deadlines
13
accordingly. ECF No. 22.
14
Plaintiff’s Amended Expert Disclosures
15
Meanwhile, on June 14, 2019, plaintiff timely served her amended expert disclosures.
16
ECF No. 23.2 at 15-22. Therein, plaintiff identified thirteen non-retained experts, all medical
17
providers who treated plaintiff after her injury. Id. Plaintiff also identified three retained experts:
18
Mr. Black, her previously identified liability expert; Dr. Amir Jamali, M.D., one of plaintiff’s
19
treating physicians (originally listed as a non-retained expert) to testify about the cause of
20
plaintiff’s injuries, their treatment, and her future prognosis; and Ms. Dorajane Apuna-Grummer,
21
DHA, RN, to provide an analysis of plaintiff’s medical bills. Id. at 20-79.
22
On June 19, 2019, defendant filed the instant motion to strike plaintiff’s amended expert
23
disclosures, pursuant to Rule 37(c)(1), for failure to comply with Federal Rule of Civil
24
Procedure 26(a)(2)(B) and (C). ECF No. 23. Defendant seeks to strike the amended expert
25
disclosures in their entirety, or, in the alternative, requests a 30-day extension to rebut any experts
26
not stricken. Id.
27
////
28
////
3
1
2
3
II.
Discussion
A. Legal Standards
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26 requires parties to disclose the identity of any expert
4
witnesses, whether retained or non-retained, expected to testify at trial. Fed. R. Civ.
5
P. 26(a)(2)(A). For each “retained” expert, Rule 26(a)(2)(B) requires that an expert witness
6
disclosure be accompanied by a written report prepared and signed by the witness containing:
7
(1) a complete statement of all opinions and the basis and reasons therefor; (2) the data or other
8
information considered by the witness in forming the opinions; (3) any exhibits to be used as a
9
summary of or support for the opinions; (4) the qualifications of the witness, including a list of all
10
publications authored by the witness within the preceding ten years; (5) the compensation to be
11
paid for the study and testimony; and (6) a listing of any other cases in which the witness has
12
testified as an expert at trial or by deposition within the preceding four years. Fed. R. Civ.
13
P. 26(a)(2)(B). An expert’s report must be “detailed and complete.” Elgas v. Colorado Belle
14
Corp., 179 F.R.D. 296, 300 (D. Nev. 1998) (quoting Sierra Club v. Cedar Point Oil Co., Inc., 73
15
F.3d 546, 571 (5th Cir. 1996)). Disclosure of a “non-retained” expert must state: (1) the subject
16
matter on which the witness is expected to present evidence, and (2) a summary of the facts and
17
opinions to which the witness is expected to testify. Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(a)(2)(C).
18
The expert witness disclosure requirement is intended to allow the opposing party to have
19
a reasonable opportunity to prepare for effective cross-examination and arrange for expert
20
testimony from other witnesses. See Adv. Comm. Notes to 1993 Amendments. Both the
21
Rule 26(a)(2)(B) written report and the Rule 26(a)(2)(C) disclosure “share the goal of increasing
22
efficiency and reducing unfair surprise.” Brown v. Providence Med. Ctr., No. 8:10-CV-230,
23
2011 WL 4498824, at *1 (D. Neb. Sept. 27, 2011).
24
“A party’s failure to comply with the rules regarding expert witnesses exposes that party
25
to sanctions under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 37(c).” Gorrell v. Sneath, No. 1:12-CV-0554-
26
JLT, 2013 WL 4517902, at *2 (E.D. Cal. Aug. 26, 2013). If a party fails to provide information
27
required by Rule 26(a), then “the party is not allowed to use that information or witness to supply
28
evidence on a motion, at a hearing, or at a trial, unless the failure was substantially justified or
4
1
harmless.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(c)(1). The Ninth Circuit gives “particularly wide latitude to the
2
district court’s discretion to issue sanctions under Rule 37(c)(1),” which “gives teeth to the
3
Rule 26(a) disclosure requirements.” Yeti by Molly, Ltd. v. Deckers Outdoor Corp. (“Yeti”), 259
4
F.3d 1101, 1106 (9th Cir. 2001). Rule 37(c)(1) is a “recognized broadening of the sanctioning
5
power,” id., which the Federal Rules Advisory Committee described as a “self-executing,”
6
“automatic” sanction to “provide[ ] a strong inducement for disclosure of material . . . ,” Adv.
7
Comm. Notes to 1993 Amendments.
8
As stated above, the rule provides two exceptions to the otherwise “automatic” sanction of
9
witness preclusion: where the failure to disclose the required information is (1) “substantially
10
justified,” or (2) “harmless.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(c)(1); see Yeti, 259 F.3d at 1106. “The party
11
facing sanctions bears the burden of proving that its failure to disclose the required information
12
was substantially justified or is harmless.” R & R Sails, Inc. v. Ins. Co. of Pa., 673 F.3d 1240,
13
1246 (9th Cir. 2012).
14
In addition, when determining whether to impose Rule 37(c)(1)’s exclusionary sanction,
15
the district court is to consider five factors: (1) the public’s interest in expeditious resolution of
16
litigation; (2) the court’s need to manage its docket; (3) the risk of prejudice to the defendants;
17
(4) the public policy favoring disposition of cases on their merits; and (5) the availability of less
18
drastic sanctions. Wendt v. Host International, Inc., 125 F.3d 806, 814 (9th Cir. 1997); see also
19
Lanard Toys, Ltd. v. Novelty, Inc., 375 F. App’x 705, 713 (9th Cir. 2010) (explaining that these
20
five factors should be considered when deciding whether the untimely disclosure was harmless).
21
22
23
24
B. Analysis
1. Retained Experts
a. Mr. Black
In her amended expert disclosures, plaintiff states that Mr. Black was “retained to provide
25
rebuttal testimony and expert opinion in regards to liability, causation, and the report completed
26
by Defendant’s retained expert.” ECF No. 23.2 at 21. Plaintiff attached a summary of Mr.
27
Black’s professional experience, a curriculum vitae, a fees schedule, and a list of cases in which
28
he has previously testified. Id. at 81-86. While these documents satisfy some of the requirements
5
1
of Rule 26(a)(2)(B), notably absent from the disclosure is a complete statement of Mr. Black’s
2
opinions and the basis and reasons therefor, the data or other information he considered in
3
forming the opinions, and any exhibits to be used. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(a)(2)(B)(i)-(iii). Given
4
these omissions, the court concludes that plaintiff has again failed to provide an adequate
5
disclosure of Mr. Black’s expert testimony, under Rule 26(a)(2)(B).
6
The question thus becomes whether plaintiff has shown that her failure to disclose was
7
substantially justified or harmless. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(c)(1); Yeti, 259 F.3d at 1106. Plaintiff
8
argues that she has “provided all of the information [she] could” with regard to Mr. Black because
9
defendant has “blocked” her from gathering the necessary information to provide to Mr. Black as
10
the basis for his opinion. ECF No. 25 at 7-9. Specifically, plaintiff complains that defendant has
11
not answered her discovery requests, has not provided witnesses for depositions, and has denied
12
her requests to inspect the subject aircraft. Id. at 7. She also contends, somewhat cryptically, that
13
“at a minimum” she “intended to disclose Mr. Black as a rebuttal expert to Defendant’s expert.”
14
Id.
15
The court is not persuaded that the cited obstacles substantially justify plaintiff’s
16
omissions. If plaintiff’s ability to produce a timely expert opinion was impeded by defense
17
failures to respond to discover, plaintiff could have brought motions to compel the necessary
18
production at any point over the last six months since the dispute over inspection of the aircraft
19
apparently began. Although plaintiff’s counsel laudably attempted to resolve the parties’
20
discovery disagreements informally, such attempts do not absolve plaintiff of the duty to provide
21
complete expert disclosures. At the very least, plaintiff could have provided a preliminary report
22
of Mr. Black’s opinions in response to defendant’s expert report, which she has possessed since
23
defendant timely made its expert disclosures over two months ago. Cf. Yeti, 259 F.3d at 1106-07
24
(noting that litigant could have issued a preliminary expert report to be supplemented after the
25
opposing expert’s report had been modified). Finally, even if plaintiff was intending to disclose
26
Mr. Black purely as a rebuttal expert, a full written report would nonetheless have been required
27
by the extended rebuttal expert disclosure deadline of June 21, 2019. Cf. id. at 1105-07
28
(implicitly rejecting as reason for failing to provide a written report party’s stated justification
6
1
2
that expert would be used only as a rebuttal witness).
The court also finds that the failure to provide a complete written report of Mr. Black’s
3
expert opinion was not harmless. “Where a court order is violated, the first [Wendt] factor
4
supports case-dispositive sanctions.” Herb Reed Enters. v. Monroe Powell’s Platters, LLC,
5
No. 2:11-cv-02010-PMP-NJK, 2013 WL 3729720, at *4, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 97559, at *14
6
(D. Nev. July 11, 2013) (citing Adriana Int’l Corp. v. Thoeren, 913 F.2d 1406, 1412 (9th Cir.
7
1990)). Here, plaintiff has violated the court’s June 7 order to provide fully compliant expert
8
disclosures. Second, although the overall discovery cut-off has been extended, the deadlines for
9
rebuttal and supplemental expert disclosures has now passed, and the court refuses to continue to
10
inch those deadlines back. See Wong v. Regents of Univ. of California, 410 F.3d 1052, 1062 (9th
11
Cir. 2005) (“Disruption to the schedule of the court and other parties . . . is not harmless. Courts
12
set such schedules to permit the court and the parties to deal with cases in a thorough and orderly
13
manner, and they must be allowed to enforce them, unless there are good reasons not to.”). Third,
14
without disclosure of Mr. Black’s testimony, defendant has been deprived of the ability to prepare
15
for and take his deposition. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(b)(4)(A) (“If Rule 26(a)(2)(B) requires a report
16
from the expert, the deposition may be conducted only after the report is provided.”). Although
17
the fourth factor favoring resolution of cases on the merits may cut against excluding Mr. Black,
18
it is not enough to overcome the other factors in favor. Finally, the court has already attempted to
19
avoid this harsh sanction by providing plaintiff a second opportunity to adequately disclose her
20
experts’ testimony. The court will not give her a third.
21
22
23
24
Accordingly, it is appropriate to exclude expert opinions from Mr. Black as a sanction
under Rule 37(c)(1). Defendant’s motion is granted with respect to Mr. Black.
b. Dr. Jamali & Ms. Apuna-Grummer
By contrast, plaintiff’s amended expert disclosures contain all of the necessary
25
information under Rule 26(a)(2)(B) with regard to her newly identified retained experts, Dr.
26
Jamali and Ms. Apuna-Grummer. Defendant does not contend otherwise. Rather, defendant
27
objects to these retained experts because they were retained and provided their opinions only after
28
the undersigned’s June 7 order requiring plaintiff to amend her expert disclosures. ECF No. 23.1
7
1
at 16. Defendant also argues that these experts’ reports address issues and discovery that
2
defendant is learning about for the first time and could not respond to by the current rebuttal
3
expert disclosure deadline. Id. at 16-18.
4
While the court agrees that the addition of new retained experts appearts to take advantage
5
of the leeway plaintiff was granted, the court’s June 7 order did not limit plaintiff to her originally
6
disclosed experts. Accordingly, the court cannot find their addition improper. Because the
7
disclosures of Dr. Jamali and Ms. Apuna-Grummer comport with Rule 26(a)(2)(B), the court will
8
deny defendant’s motion to strike as to them. In fairness, therefore, the court will grant a 30-day
9
extension for defendant only to disclose any experts to provide rebuttal testimony with respect to
10
the opinions of Dr. Jamali and Ms. Apuna-Grummer.
11
12
2. Non-Retained Experts
Plaintiff’s amended expert disclosures also identify thirteen medical providers, including
13
the doctors who treated her immediately following the incident, her treating chiropractor, the
14
radiologists who performed her MRIs, and other medical professionals who provided continuing
15
care and evaluation over her recovery process. ECF No. 23.2 at 15-20. For each expert, plaintiff
16
provided a thorough summary of the subject matter on which she or he was expected to testify.
17
Plaintiff’s disclosure of Dr. Marc Maskowitz provides a representative example:
18
Dr. Marc Maskowitz, M.D. is a treating physician and treated
Plaintiff in regards to pain management in regards to injuries
resulting from the incident. Dr. Maskowitz is expected to testify as
to Plaintiff’s diagnoses, treatment, and prognosis for the future. Dr.
Maskowitz will discuss the care and treatment provided to the
Plaintiff, how it causally relates to the incident, how treatment was
necessary, and the necessity of future care and treatment. Dr.
Mascowitz [sic] may also testify as to the imaging Plaintiff
underwent, including, but not limited to, interpreting the imaging.
Dr. Mascowitz [sic] may be called to authenticate Plaintiff’s medical
records and provide testimony in regards to reasonableness of billing.
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Id. at 18.
However, plaintiff failed to provide any indication of the actual “facts and opinions” to
27
which Dr. Maskowitz, or any of her other non-retained experts, would testify. Under
28
Rule 26(a)(2)(C), disclosures for non-retained experts must state: “(i) the subject matter on which
8
1
the witness is expected to present evidence . . . ; and (ii) a summary of the facts and opinions to
2
which the witness is expected to testify.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(a)(2)(C) (emphasis added); Burreson
3
v. BASF Corp., No. 2:13-cv-0066 TLN AC, 2014 WL 4195588, at *5, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS
4
117590, at *12 (E.D. Cal. Aug. 22, 2014) (“The summary required by Rule 26(a)(2)(C) must
5
include both a statement of the subject matter on which the witness is expected to offer an opinion
6
and ‘a summary of the facts and opinions to which the witness is expected to testify.’”). The
7
summaries of non-retained experts’ testimony are designed to be “considerably less extensive”
8
than those required under Rule 26(a)(2)(B), and courts “must take care against requiring undue
9
detail.” Adv. Comm. Notes to 2010 Amendments. However, plaintiff’s non-retained expert
10
disclosures here provide not even a hint as to what “facts and opinions” their testimony will
11
convey.
12
“An opposing party should be able (and be entitled) to read an expert disclosure,
13
determine what, if any, adverse opinions are being proffered and make an informed decision as to
14
whether it is necessary to take a deposition and whether a responding expert is needed.”
15
Burreson, 2014 WL 4195588, at *5, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 117590, at *13-14. Taking the
16
Maskowitz disclosure as an example, the provided summary does not reveal what plaintiff’s
17
diagnoses or treatments actually were, what care she received, why Dr. Maskowitz believes the
18
incident caused her injuries, or what his interpretation of the imaging studies actually is. As
19
written, it is impossible for defendant to tell what next steps might be beneficial in preparing for
20
trial. These disclosures do not satisfy either the letter of Rule 26(a)(2)(C), or its underlying
21
policy. See Pineda v. City & Cty. of S.F., 280 F.R.D. 517, 523 (N.D. Cal. 2012) (finding
22
insufficient under Rule 26(a)(2)(C) a disclosure stating that non-retained treating physicians “will
23
present factual and opinion testimony on causation, diagnosis, prognosis, [and] extent of
24
[plaintiff’s] disability” based on a review of plaintiff’s medical records).
25
Plaintiff does not argue that any noncompliance with respect to her non-retained experts
26
was substantially justified, and the court cannot find substantial justification on this record. In its
27
June 7 order, the court explained the dual requirements of Rule 26(a)(2)(C) and noted that
28
plaintiff’s original disclosures were deficient in terms of both subject matter disclosure and
9
1
fact/opinion summary. ECF No. 17 at 5-6. Plaintiff was given the opportunity to cure these
2
deficiencies and has come up well short of the mark.
3
The failure to summarize the facts and opinions to which plaintiff’s non-retained experts
4
would testify also was not harmless. For all of the reasons discussed in relation to Mr. Black’s
5
disclosure (save the ability to depose the experts), the Wendt factors also favor exclusion of
6
plaintiff’s non-retained experts.
7
C. Exclusion of Expert Opinions by Mr. Black and All Non-Retained Experts Is Warranted
8
9
Based on the foregoing analysis, Mr. Black and all of the non-retained experts listed in
plaintiff’s amended expert disclosures will be excluded as expert witnesses. 2 The court
10
recognizes this is a harsh sanction, but the harshness of the consequence does not necessarily
11
obviate Rule 37(c)(1)’s “automatic” application. See Yeti, 259 F.3d at 1106 (“Courts have
12
upheld the use of the sanction even when a litigant’s entire cause of action or defense has been
13
precluded.”). The Ninth Circuit has held that where an exclusionary sanction “amount[s] to
14
dismissal of a claim,” the district court must consider whether the claimed noncompliance
15
involved “willfulness, fault, or bad faith,” and the availability of lesser sanctions. R & R Sails,
16
Inc., 673 F.3d at 1247.
17
In this case, the court does not believe excluding Mr. Black and the non-retained experts is
18
tantamount to dismissal because plaintiff will still be able to offer opinions from treating
19
physician Dr. Jamali and damages expert Ms. Apuna-Grummer, and she can testify to her own
20
pain and suffering. Given plaintiff’s suggestion that Mr. Black’s intended use was for rebuttal
21
purposes, it is not at all clear that plaintiff was relying on Mr. Black’s expert testimony to prove
22
her negligence claim. However, even if the exclusion of most of plaintiff’s expert witnesses
23
might amount to a dismissal of that claim, the court finds that plaintiff’s noncompliance with the
24
original scheduling order and the court’s June 7 discovery order manifests the requisite fault to
25
26
27
28
2
Each of the witnesses precluded from offering expert testimony may, of course, testify as fact
witnesses to the extent permitted by the trial judge. A fact witness is a witness whose testimony
is: “(a) rationally based on the witness’s perception; (b) helpful to clearly understanding the
witness’s testimony or to determining a fact in issue; and (c) not based on scientific, technical, or
other specialized knowledge within the scope of Rule 702.” Fed. R. Evid. 701.
10
1
support case-dispositive sanctions. See Sigliano v. Mendoza, 642 F.2d 309, 310 (9th Cir. 1981)
2
(concluding that party’s “repeated failure to comply with the discovery request and the court’s
3
orders manifested the requisite fault” to justify Rule 37 dismissal sanction).
4
5
6
7
8
9
III.
Conclusion
For the foregoing reasons, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that:
1. Defendant’s motion to strike plaintiff’s amended expert disclosure (ECF No. 23) is
GRANTED in part, and DENIED in part;
2. The following individuals are excluded as expert witnesses, pursuant to
Rule 37(c)(1): Alvaro Aguirre, P.A.; Dr. Brandon Slockbower, M.D.; Dr. Bahram
10
Varjavand, M.D., Ph.D.; Dr. Robert Hulbert, D.C.; Dr. Roy Martinez, M.D.; Dr.
11
David Stoller, M.D.; Dr. Gina Creutzberg, M.D.; Dr. Marc Maskowitz, M.D.;
12
Mark Hansberry, PT; Shawn Burger, PT; Dr. Santi Rao, M.D.; Michael Reisman,
13
F.N.P.; PMK and/or Treating Provider at Vibrant Care Rehabilitation; and Alan
14
Black, PE, CSP, CFI-A; and
15
3. Defendant shall have 30 days from the date of entry of this order to serve plaintiff
16
with any rebuttal expert witness disclosures solely for the purpose of rebutting
17
non-stricken expert witnesses Dr. Amir Jamali and/or Dorajane Apuna-Grummer.
18
19
IT IS SO ORDERED.
DATED: June 24, 2019
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
11
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online?