Oracle Corporation et al v. SAP AG et al

Filing 964

Proposed Jury Instructions by Oracle International Corporation, Oracle USA Inc., Siebel Systems, Inc. Revised Joint Preliminary Jury Instructions. (Alinder, Zachary) (Filed on 11/2/2010)

Oracle Corporation et al v. SAP AG et al

Doc. 964

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BINGHAM McCUTCHEN LLP DONN P. PICKETT (SBN 72257) GEOFFREY M. HOWARD (SBN 157468) HOLLY A. HOUSE (SBN 136045) ZACHARY J. ALINDER (SBN 209009) BREE HANN (SBN 215695) Three Embarcadero Center San Francisco, CA 94111-4067 Telephone: [phone] Facsimile: [phone] [e-mail] [e-mail] [e-mail] [e-mail] [e-mail] BOIES, SCHILLER & FLEXNER LLP DAVID BOIES (Admitted Pro Hac Vice) 333 Main Street Armonk, NY 10504 Telephone: [phone] Facsimile: [phone] [e-mail] STEVEN C. HOLTZMAN (SBN 144177) FRED NORTON (SBN 224725) 1999 Harrison St., Suite 900 Oakland, CA 94612 Telephone: [phone] Facsimile: [phone] [e-mail] [e-mail] DORIAN DALEY (SBN 129049) JENNIFER GLOSS (SBN 154227) 500 Oracle Parkway, M/S 5op7 Redwood City, CA 94070 Telephone: [phone] Facsimile: [phone] [e-mail] [e-mail] Attorneys for Plaintiffs Oracle USA, Inc., et al.

JONES DAY ROBERT A. MITTELSTAEDT (SBN 060359) JASON McDONELL (SBN 115084) ELAINE WALLACE (SBN 197882) 555 California Street, 26th Floor San Francisco, CA 94104 Telephone: [phone] Facsimile: [phone] [e-mail] [e-mail] [e-mail] JONES DAY THARAN GREGORY LANIER (SBN 138784) JANE L. FROYD (SBN 220776) 1755 Embarcadero Road Palo Alto, CA 94303 Telephone: [phone] Facsimile: [phone] [e-mail] [e-mail] JONES DAY SCOTT W. COWAN (Admitted Pro Hac Vice) JOSHUA L. FUCHS (Admitted Pro Hac Vice) 717 Texas, Suite 3300 Houston, TX 77002 Telephone: [phone] Facsimile: [phone] [e-mail] [e-mail] Attorneys for Defendants SAP AG, SAP America, Inc., and TomorrowNow, Inc.

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA OAKLAND DIVISION ORACLE USA, INC., et al., v. Plaintiffs, Case No. 07-CV-01658 PJH (EDL) JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS [REVISED]

SAP AG, et al., Defendants.

Case No. 07-CV-01658 PJH (EDL)

JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS [REVISED]
Dockets.Justia.com

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JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS Pursuant to the Court's guidance at the November 1, 2010 proceedings and to additional stipulations reached by the Parties, the Parties submit these revised joint preliminary jury instructions.

DATED: November 2, 2010

Bingham McCutchen LLP

By:

/s/ Zachary J. Alinder Zachary J. Alinder Attorneys for Plaintiffs Oracle USA, Inc., Oracle International Corporation, and Siebel Systems, Inc.

In accordance with General Order No. 45, Rule X, the above signatory attests that concurrence in the filing of this document has been obtained from the signatory below. DATED: November 2, 2010 JONES DAY

By:

/s/ Tharan Gregory Lanier Tharan Gregory Lanier Attorneys for Defendants SAP AG, SAP America, Inc., and TomorrowNow, Inc.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Proposed Instruction No. 1 (Joint) ................................................................................................. 1 JURY INSTRUCTIONS.................................................................................................... 1 Proposed Instruction No. 2 (Joint) ................................................................................................. 2 DUTY OF JURY ............................................................................................................... 2 Proposed Instruction No. 3 (Plaintiffs) .......................................................................................... 3 PARTIES AND CLAIMS.................................................................................................. 3 Proposed Instruction No. 3 (Defendants)....................................................................................... 5 PARTIES AND CLAIMS.................................................................................................. 5 Proposed Instruction No. 4 (Joint) ................................................................................................. 8 BURDEN OF PROOF--PREPONDERANCE OF THE EVIDENCE ............................. 8 Proposed Instruction No. 5 (Joint) ................................................................................................. 9 BURDEN OF PROOF--CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE ............................. 9 Proposed Instruction No. 6 (Joint) ............................................................................................... 10 PARTY HAVING POWER TO PRODUCE BETTER EVIDENCE.............................. 10 Proposed Instruction No. 7 (Joint) ............................................................................................... 11 WILLFUL SUPPRESSION OF EVIDENCE.................................................................. 11 Proposed Instruction No. 8 (Joint) ............................................................................................... 12 TWO OR MORE PARTIES--DIFFERENT LEGAL RIGHTS ..................................... 12 Proposed Instruction No. 9 (Joint) ............................................................................................... 13 WHAT IS EVIDENCE .................................................................................................... 13 Proposed Instruction No. 10 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 14 WHAT IS NOT EVIDENCE ........................................................................................... 14 Proposed Instruction No. 11 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 15 EVIDENCE FOR LIMITED PURPOSE ......................................................................... 15 Proposed Instruction No. 12 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 16 DIRECT AND CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE ........................................................ 16 Proposed Instruction No. 13 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 17 RULING ON OBJECTIONS........................................................................................... 17 Proposed Instruction No. 14 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 18 CREDIBILITY OF WITNESSES ................................................................................... 18 Proposed Instruction No. 15 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 19 WITNESS WILLFULLY FALSE ................................................................................... 19 Proposed Instruction No. 16 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 20 INFERENCES DEFINED ............................................................................................... 20 i
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)

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Proposed Instruction No. 17 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 21 CONDUCT OF THE JURY ............................................................................................ 21 Proposed Instruction No. 18 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 23 NO TRANSCRIPT AVAILABLE TO JURY ................................................................. 23 Proposed Instruction No. 19 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 24 TAKING NOTES ............................................................................................................ 24 Proposed Instruction No. 20 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 25 USE OF INTERPRETERS--OTHER LANGUAGES; COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN................................................................................................................ 25 Proposed Instruction No. 21 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 26 BENCH CONFERENCES AND RECESSES................................................................. 26 Proposed Instruction No. 22 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 27 OUTLINE OF TRIAL...................................................................................................... 27 Proposed Instruction No. 23 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 28 STIPULATIONS OF FACT ............................................................................................ 28 Proposed Instruction No. 24 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 29 STIPULATIONS OF LIABILITY................................................................................... 29 Proposed Instruction No. 25 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 30 DEPOSITION IN LIEU OF LIVE TESTIMONY........................................................... 30 Proposed Instruction No. 26 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 31 USE OF INTERROGATORIES OF A PARTY.............................................................. 31 Proposed Instruction No. 27 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 32 USE OF REQUESTS FOR ADMISSION....................................................................... 32 Proposed Instruction No. 28 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 33 EXPERT OPINION ......................................................................................................... 33 Proposed Instruction No. 29 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 34 CHARTS AND SUMMARIES NOT RECEIVED IN EVIDENCE ............................... 34 Proposed Instruction No. 30 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 35 CHARTS AND SUMMARIES RECEIVED IN EVIDENCE ........................................ 35 Proposed Instruction No. 31 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 36 CORPORATIONS--FAIR TREATMENT..................................................................... 36 Proposed Instruction No. 32 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 37 LIABILITY OF CORPORATIONS ................................................................................ 37

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)

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Proposed Instruction No. 33 (Joint) ............................................................................................. 38 INTERPRETATION OF INSTANT MESSAGES.......................................................... 38

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Proposed Instruction No. 1 (Joint) UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

ORACLE USA, INC., ORACLE 5 INTERNATIONAL CORP., and SIEBEL SYSTEMS, INC. 6 Plaintiffs, 7 v. 8 TOMORROWNOW, INC., SAP AMERICA, INC., AND SAP AG 9 Defendants. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 1 DATED: ________________________

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JURY INSTRUCTIONS

Hon. Phyllis J. Hamilton United States District Court Judge

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.0 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 2 (Joint)

Ladies and gentlemen: You are now the jury in this case. It is my duty to instruct you on the law. You must not infer from these instructions or from anything I may say or do as indicating that I have an opinion regarding the evidence or what your verdict should be. It is your duty to find the facts from all the evidence in the case. To those facts you will apply the law as I give it to you. You must follow the law as I give it to you whether you agree with it or not. And you must not be influenced by any personal likes or dislikes, opinions, prejudices, or sympathy. That means that you must decide the case solely on the evidence before you. You will recall that you took an oath to do so. In following my instructions, you must follow all of them and not single out some and ignore others; they are all important.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.1A (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 3 (Joint) PARTIES AND CLAIMS To help you follow the evidence, I will give you a brief summary of who the parties are and what their positions are. As I explained yesterday: There are three plaintiffs: Oracle USA, Inc. (which I will refer to as "Oracle USA"), Oracle International Corporation (which I will refer to as "Oracle International"), and Siebel Systems, Inc. (which I will refer to as "Siebel Systems"). I will refer to these three entities collectively as "Plaintiffs" or "Oracle." There are three defendants: SAP AG (which I will refer to by that name), SAP America, Inc. (which I will refer to as "SAP America") and TomorrowNow, Inc. (which I will refer to as "TomorrowNow"). I will refer to these three entities collectively as "Defendants." SAP America is a wholly-owned subsidiary of SAP AG. TomorrowNow is a wholly-owned subsidiary of SAP America. Oracle originally asserted ten claims against the defendants. As you will see from the stipulations included in your jury notebook, TomorrowNow has agreed to liability for all ten claims. Further, as to the first claim for copyright infringement, as you will see from the Stipulations included in your jury notebook, SAP AG and SAP America have agreed to liability for vicarious and contributory copyright infringement. Here, the only issue remaining for you to decide is damages. Specifically, you must decide the amount of damages that should be awarded to Oracle for Defendants' stipulated infringement of Oracle's copyrights, as I will explain to you later in the case. .

Authority: Instruction 1.2, Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil) (modified).

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Proposed Instruction No. 4 (Joint) BURDEN OF PROOF--PREPONDERANCE OF THE EVIDENCE When a party has the burden of proof on any claim by a preponderance of the evidence, it means you must be persuaded by the evidence that the claim is more probably true than not true. You should base your decision on all of the evidence, regardless of which party

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.3 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 5 (Joint) PARTY HAVING POWER TO PRODUCE BETTER EVIDENCE You may consider the ability of each party to provide evidence. If a party provided weaker evidence when it could have provided stronger evidence, you may distrust the weaker evidence.

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Proposed Instruction No. 6 (Joint) TWO OR MORE PARTIES--DIFFERENT LEGAL RIGHTS You should decide this case as to each plaintiff separately and as to each defendant separately. Unless otherwise stated, the instructions apply to all parties.

Authority: Instruction 1.5, Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 7 (Joint) WHAT IS EVIDENCE The evidence you are to consider in deciding what the facts are consists of: 1. the sworn testimony of any witness; 2. the exhibits which are received into evidence; and 3. any facts to which the lawyers have agreed.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.6 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 8 (Joint) WHAT IS NOT EVIDENCE In reaching your verdict, you may consider only the testimony and exhibits received into evidence. Certain things are not evidence, and you may not consider them in deciding what the facts are. I will list them for you: (1) Arguments and statements by lawyers are not evidence. The lawyers are not witnesses. What they will say in their closing arguments and at other times is intended to help you interpret the evidence, but it is not evidence. If the facts as you remember them differ from the way the lawyers have stated them, your memory of them controls. (2) Questions and objections by lawyers are not evidence. Attorneys have a duty to their clients to object when they believe a question is improper under the rules of evidence. You should not be influenced by the objection or by the court's ruling on it. (3) Testimony that has been excluded or stricken, or that you have been instructed to disregard, is not evidence and must not be considered. In addition sometimes testimony and exhibits are received only for a limited purpose; when I give a limiting instruction, you must follow it. (4) Anything you may have seen or heard when the court was not in session is not evidence. You are to decide the case solely on the evidence received at the trial.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.7 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 9 (Joint) EVIDENCE FOR LIMITED PURPOSE Some evidence may be admitted for a limited purpose only. When I instruct you that an item of evidence has been admitted for a limited purpose, you must consider it only for that limited purpose and for no other.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.8 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 10 (Joint) DIRECT AND CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE Evidence may be direct or circumstantial. Direct evidence is direct proof of a fact, such as testimony by a witness about what that witness personally saw or heard or did. Circumstantial evidence is proof of one or more facts from which you could find another fact. You should consider both kinds of evidence. The law makes no distinction between the weight to be given to either direct or circumstantial evidence. It is for you to decide how much weight to give to any evidence.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.9 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 11 (Joint) RULING ON OBJECTIONS There are rules of evidence that control what can be received into evidence. When a lawyer asks a question or offers an exhibit into evidence and a lawyer on the other side thinks that it is not permitted by the rules of evidence, that lawyer may object. If I overrule the objection, the question may be answered or the exhibit received. If I sustain the objection, the question cannot be answered, and the exhibit cannot be received. Whenever I sustain an objection to a question, you must ignore the question and must not guess what the answer might have been. Sometimes I may order that evidence be stricken from the record and that you disregard or ignore the evidence. That means that when you are deciding the case, you must not consider the evidence that I told you to disregard.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.10 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 12 (Joint) CREDIBILITY OF WITNESSES In deciding the facts in this case, you may have to decide which testimony to believe and which testimony not to believe. You may believe everything a witness says, or part of it, or none of it. Proof of a fact does not necessarily depend on the number of witnesses who testify about it. In considering the testimony of any witness, you may take into account: (1) the opportunity and ability of the witness to see or hear or know the things testified to; (2) the witness's memory; (3) the witness's manner while testifying; (4) the witness's interest in the outcome of the case and any bias or prejudice; (5) whether other evidence contradicted the witness's testimony; (6) the reasonableness of the witness's testimony in light of all the evidence; and (7) any other factors that bear on believability. The weight of the evidence as to a fact does not necessarily depend on the number of witnesses who testify about it.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.11 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 13 (Joint) WITNESS WILLFULLY FALSE A witness who is willfully false in one material part of his or her testimony is to be distrusted in others. You may reject the whole testimony of a witness who willfully has testified falsely as to a material point, unless, from all the evidence, you believe the probability of truth favors his or her testimony in other particulars.

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Proposed Instruction No. 14 (Joint) INFERENCES DEFINED You are to consider only the evidence in the case. However, you are not limited to the statements of the witnesses. In other words, you are not limited to what you see and hear as the witnesses testify. You may draw from the facts that you find have been proved such reasonable inferences as seem justified in light of your experience. "Inferences" are deductions or conclusions which reason and common sense lead you to draw from facts established by the evidence in the case.

Authority: Instruction 104.20, Federal Jury Practice and Instructions (5th ed. 2000).

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Proposed Instruction No. 15 (Joint) CONDUCT OF THE JURY I will now say a few words about your conduct as jurors. First, keep an open mind throughout the trial, and do not decide what the verdict should be until you and your fellow jurors have completed your deliberations at the end of the case. Second, because you must decide this case based only on the evidence received in the case and on my instructions as to the law that applies, you must not be exposed to any other information about the case or to the issues it involves during the course of your jury duty. Thus, until the end of the case or unless I tell you otherwise: Do not communicate with anyone in any way and do not let anyone else communicate with you in any way about the merits of the case or anything to do with it. This includes discussing the case in person, in writing, by phone or electronic means, via e-mail, text messaging, or any Internet chat room, blog, Web site or using any other electronic tools to obtain information about this case or to help you decide the case. Please do not try to find out information from any source outside the confines of this courtroom. Until you retire to deliberate, you may not discuss this case with anyone, even your fellow jurors. After you retire to deliberate, you may begin discussing the case with your fellow jurors, but you cannot discuss the case with anyone else until you have returned a verdict and the case is at an end. I hope that for all of you this case is interesting and noteworthy. I know that many of you use cell phones, Blackberries, the internet and other tools of technology. You also must not talk to anyone about this case or use these tools to communicate electronically with anyone about the case. This includes your family and friends. You may not communicate with anyone about the case on your cell phone, through e-mail, Blackberry, iPhone, text messaging, or on Twitter, through any blog or website, through any internet chat room, or by way of any other social networking 16
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websites, including Facebook, Twitter, My Space, LinkedIn, and YouTube. But, if you are asked or approached in any way about your jury service or anything about this case, you must respond that you have been ordered not to discuss the matter and to report the contact to the court. Because you will receive all the evidence and legal instruction you properly may consider to return a verdict: do not read, watch, or listen to any news or media accounts or commentary about the case or anything to do with it; do not do any research, such as consulting dictionaries, searching the Internet or using other reference materials; and do not make any investigation or in any other way try to learn about the case or the parties on your own. The law requires these restrictions to ensure the parties have a fair trial based on the same evidence that each party has had an opportunity to address. A juror who violates these restrictions jeopardizes the fairness of these proceedings, and a mistrial could result that would require the entire trial process to start over. If any juror is exposed to any outside information, please notify the Court immediately.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.12 (Civil) (modified).

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Proposed Instruction No. 16 (Joint) NO TRANSCRIPT AVAILABLE TO JURY During deliberations, you will have to make your decision based on what you recall of the evidence. You will not have a transcript of the trial. I urge you to pay close attention to the testimony as it is given. If at any time you cannot hear or see the testimony, evidence, questions or arguments, let me know so that I can correct the problem.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.13 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 17 (Joint)

If you wish, you may take notes to help you remember the evidence. If you do take notes, please keep them to yourself until you and your fellow jurors go to the jury room to decide the case. Do not let note-taking distract you. When you leave, your notes should be left in the jury room. No one will read your notes. They will be destroyed at the conclusion of the case. Whether or not you take notes, you should rely on your own memory of the evidence. Notes are only to assist your memory. You should not be overly influenced by your notes or those of your fellow jurors.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.14 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 18 (Joint) USE OF INTERPRETERS--OTHER LANGUAGES; COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN You must not make any assumptions about a witness or a party based solely upon the use of an interpreter to assist that witness or party. Some of the witnesses who have testified live in this courtroom, or via deposition video clip, do not speak English as a native language. Some of the witnesses speak German as a native language. You must not make any assumptions about a witness or a party based upon the language that is used by any witness in communicating with his/her colleagues or others. The evidence to be considered by you is only that provided through the official court translators. Although some of you may know German, or any other foreign language used and translated during this case, it is important that all jurors consider the same evidence. Therefore, you must accept the English translation. You must disregard any different meaning. One of the parties--specifically, defendant SAP AG­­is incorporated in another country. You must not make any assumptions about a party based on where it is incorporated or where it is headquartered.

Authority: Instructions 1.16, 1.17 Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil) (modified).

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Proposed Instruction No. 19 (Joint) BENCH CONFERENCES AND RECESSES From time to time during the trial, it may become necessary for me to talk with the attorneys out of the hearing of the jury, either by having a conference at the bench when the jury is present in the courtroom, or by calling a recess. Please understand that while you are waiting, we are working. The purpose of these conferences is not to keep relevant information from you, but to decide how certain evidence is to be treated under the rules of evidence and to avoid confusion and error. Of course, we will do what we can to keep the number and length of these conferences to a minimum. I may not always grant an attorney's request for a conference. Do not consider my granting or denying a request for a conference as any indication of my opinion of the case or of what your verdict should be.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.18 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 20 (Joint) OUTLINE OF TRIAL Trials proceed in the following way: First, each side may make an opening statement. An opening statement is not evidence. It is simply an outline to help you understand what that party expects the evidence will show. A party is not required to make an opening statement. The plaintiff will then present evidence, and counsel for the defendant may crossexamine. Then the defendant may present evidence, and counsel for the plaintiff may crossexamine. After the evidence has been presented, I will instruct you on the law that applies to the case and the attorneys will make closing arguments. After that, you will go to the jury room to deliberate on your verdict.

Authority: Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions, Instruction 1.19 (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 21 (Joint) STIPULATIONS OF FACT The parties have agreed to certain facts, and their written stipulations of fact will be placed in evidence as Exhibits 1 through 3. These exhibits can be found in your juror notebook and may be referred to by the parties throughout this trial. You should treat facts within the stipulations as having been proved.

Authority: Instruction 2.2, Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil).

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Proposed Instruction No. 22 (Joint) STIPULATIONS OF LIABILITY The parties have reached stipulations, including that TomorrowNow is directly liable to Plaintiffs for all of the claims that Plaintiffs have asserted, and that SAP AG and SAP America are contributorily and vicariously liable for TomorrowNow's copyright infringement. You should therefore treat these claims as having been proved. Those stipulations of liability will be placed in evidence as Exhibits 4 and 5. These exhibits can be found in your juror notebook and may be referred to by the parties throughout this trial.

Authority: Instruction 2.2, Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil) (Modified); see Dkt. No. 952.

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Proposed Instruction No. 23 (Joint) DEPOSITION IN LIEU OF LIVE TESTIMONY A deposition is the sworn testimony of a witness taken before trial. The witness is placed under oath to tell the truth and lawyers for each party may ask questions. The questions and answers are recorded. When a person is unavailable to testify at trial, the deposition of that person may be used at the trial. You should consider deposition testimony, presented to you in court in lieu of live testimony, insofar as possible, in the same way as if the witness had been present to testify.

Authority: Instruction 2.4, Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil) (modified).

Case No. 07-CV-01658 PJH (EDL)

JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS [REVISED]

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Proposed Instruction No. 24 (Joint) USE OF INTERROGATORIES OF A PARTY Evidence may be presented to you in the form of answers of one of the parties to written interrogatories submitted by the other side. These answers were given in writing and under oath, before the actual trial, in response to questions that were submitted in writing under established court procedures. You should consider the answers, insofar as possible, in the same way as if they were made from the witness stand.

Authority: Instruction 2.10, Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil) (modified).

Case No. 07-CV-01658 PJH (EDL)

JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS [REVISED]

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Proposed Instruction No. 25 (Joint) USE OF REQUESTS FOR ADMISSION Before trial, each party has the right to ask another party to admit in writing that certain matters are true. If the other party admits those matters, you must accept them as true. No further evidence is required to prove them. You must also accept as true any stipulated facts I read to you, and those set forth in the stipulation(s) I will provide to you.

Case No. 07-CV-01658 PJH (EDL)

JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS [REVISED]

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Proposed Instruction No. 26 (Joint)

Some witnesses, because of education or experience, are permitted to state opinions and the reasons for those opinions. Opinion testimony should be judged just like any other testimony. You may accept it or reject it, and give it as much weight as you think it deserves, considering the witness's education and experience, the reasons given for the opinion, and all the other evidence in the case.

Authority: Instruction 2.11, Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil) (modified).

Case No. 07-CV-01658 PJH (EDL)

JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS [REVISED]

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Proposed Instruction No. 27 (Joint) CHARTS AND SUMMARIES NOT RECEIVED IN EVIDENCE Certain charts and summaries not received in evidence may be shown to you in order to help explain the contents of books, records, documents, or other evidence in the case. They are not themselves evidence or proof of any facts. If they do not correctly reflect the facts or figures shown by the evidence in the case, you should disregard these charts and summaries and determine the facts from the underlying evidence.

Authority: Instruction 2.12, Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil) (modified).

Case No. 07-CV-01658 PJH (EDL)

JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS [REVISED]

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Proposed Instruction No. 28 (Joint) CHARTS AND SUMMARIES RECEIVED IN EVIDENCE Certain charts and summaries may be received into evidence to illustrate information brought out in the trial. Charts and summaries are only as good as the underlying evidence that supports them. You should, therefore, give them only such weight as you think the underlying evidence deserves.

Authority: Instruction 2.13, Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil) (modified).

Case No. 07-CV-01658 PJH (EDL)

JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS [REVISED]

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Proposed Instruction No. 29 (Joint) CORPORATIONS--FAIR TREATMENT All parties are equal before the law and a corporation is entitled to the same fair and conscientious consideration by you as any party.

Authority: Instruction 4.1, Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil).

Case No. 07-CV-01658 PJH (EDL)

JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS [REVISED]

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Proposed Instruction No. 30 (Joint) LIABILITY OF CORPORATIONS Under the law, a corporation is considered to be a person. It can only act through its employees, agents, directors, or officers. Therefore, a corporation is responsible for the acts of its employees, agents, directors, and officers, performed within the scope of authority. An act is within the scope of a person's authority if it is within the range of reasonable and foreseeable activities that an employee, agent, director or officer engages in while carrying out that person's business.

Authority: Instruction 4.2, Ninth Circuit Manual of Model Jury Instructions (Civil) (modified); See Delfino v. Agilent Techs., Inc., 52 Cal. Rptr. 3d 376, 395 (Cal. Ct. App. 2006) ("The plaintiff bears the burden of establishing that the employee's action for which vicarious liability is sought to be imposed was committed within the scope of the employment."); Lowery v. Reinhardt, No. Civ. S-07-0880 RRB DAD, 2008 WL 550083, at *5 (E.D. Cal. Feb. 27, 2008) (same).

Case No. 07-CV-01658 PJH (EDL)

JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS [REVISED]

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Proposed Instruction No. 31 (Joint) INTERPRETATION OF INSTANT MESSAGES Defendants did not produce in a timely fashion certain relevant instant messages (IMs) involving TN employees. As a result, Plaintiffs were unable to fully investigate and use the late-produced IMs during preparations for this trial. Therefore, if any of these IMs are introduced into evidence during trial, and if there is any dispute about their meaning, you should interpret them consistent with what you find to be any reasonable interpretation presented by Plaintiffs.

Authority: The Court's September 29, 2010 Order Regarding Data Produced by Defendants on March 15, 2010 (Dkt. 912).

Case No. 07-CV-01658 PJH (EDL)

JOINT PRELIMINARY JURY INSTRUCTIONS [REVISED]