In re HIV Antitrust Litigation

Filing 1884

ORDER re Verdict Form. See Docket Nos. #1859 , #1860 . Final comments shall be filed by 5/24/2023, at 8:00 a.m. Signed by Judge Edward M. Chen on 5/23/2023. (emclc2, COURT STAFF) (Filed on 5/23/2023)

Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 1 of 16

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

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NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

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IN RE HIV ANTITRUST LITIGATION.

Case No. 19-cv-02573-EMC

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ORDER RE VERDICT FORM

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Docket Nos. 1859-60

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United States District Court
Northern District of California

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The parties have submitted comments on the Court’s proposed verdict form. The Court

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inadvertently failed to include questions on “flagrant” and “willful.” Those questions have now

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been included.

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This leaves the main dispute between the parties the issue of whether there should be a

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verdict form more general in nature (as proposed by Plaintiffs) or more special in nature. The

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Court previously sided with Plaintiffs. Defendants have asked that the Court reconsider this

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position, noting, inter alia, that other courts have used more special interrogatories in reverse

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payment cases and that legal treatises have endorsed the use of special interrogatories in complex

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cases.

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The Court is not persuaded that special interrogatories are needed for antitrust injury,

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although it has modified the wording of the question on antitrust injury to make clear that

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Plaintiffs must prove the alleged anticompetitive conduct caused the delay of generic entry.

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However, the Court is persuaded that special interrogatories on anticompetitive conduct

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would assist the jury, especially as the instructions are complex. That being said, Defendants’

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proposed questions for anticompetitive conduct are skewed in its favor. The Court therefore has

Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 2 of 16

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proposed its own special interrogatories for anticompetitive conduct.
Final comments on the verdict form shall be filed by May 24, 2023, at 8:00 a.m.

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IT IS SO ORDERED.

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Dated: May 23, 2023
______________________________________
EDWARD M. CHEN
United States District Judge

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United States District Court
Northern District of California

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Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 3 of 16

COURT’S PROPOSED VERDICT FORM

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Element (1): Anticompetitive Conduct

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1.

At step one of the rule of reason, did the plaintiffs prove that Gilead had market power

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within the relevant market(s) that included Truvada and/or Atripla?

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a.

Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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b.

Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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If you answered “yes” to either of the above, proceed to Question 2. If you answered

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“no” to both of the above, skip the remaining questions, and sign and date the form.

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United States District Court
Northern District of California

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2.

At step one of the rule of reason, did the plaintiffs prove that the April 25, 2014, patent

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settlement agreement between Gilead and Teva included a “reverse payment” from Gilead

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to Teva so that Teva would delay its entry into the market and Gilead could thereby avoid

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the risk of generic competition?

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Yes _______

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If you answered “yes” to the above, proceed to Question 3. If you answered “no,” skip

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the remaining questions, and sign and date the form.

No _______

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3.

At step two of the rule of reason, did the defendants come forward with evidence that their

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conduct had procompetitive effects?

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Yes _______

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If you answered “yes” to the above, proceed to Question 4. If you answered “no,” skip

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Question 4 and proceed to Question 5.

No _______

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4.

At step three of the rule of reason, did the plaintiffs prove at least one of the following?:

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(a)

the procompetitive effects claimed by defendants were pretextual;

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(b)

the procompetitive effects claimed by defendants could have been reasonably

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achieved in a substantially less restrictive manner; or
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Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 4 of 16

(c)

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the anticompetitive effect of the defendants’ conduct substantially outweighed the
procompetitive benefits claimed by the defendants.

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3

Yes _______

No _______

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If you answered “yes” to the above, proceed to Question 5. If you answered “no,” skip

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the remaining questions, and sign and date the form.

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Element (2): Antitrust Injury

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5.

United States District Court
Northern District of California

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Did the plaintiffs prove that the defendants’ conduct caused entry of generic Truvada or
generic Atripla to be delayed, thereby causing any one or more of the below plaintiffs to

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pay some amount more for the drug than they would have paid if generic entry had not

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been delayed?

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a.

Direct Purchaser Classes (DPPs)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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b.

Walgreen (Retailer)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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c.

Kroger (Retailer)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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d.

HEB (Retailer)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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e.

Albertsons (Retailer)
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Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 5 of 16

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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4

f.

CVS Pharmacy (Retailer)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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8

g.

Rite Aid (Retailer)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

United States District Court
Northern District of California

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12

h.

United

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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i.

End-Payor Purchaser Classes (EPPs)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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j.

Florida Blue (IHPP)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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k.

Centene (IHPP)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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l.

HCSC (IHPP)
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Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 6 of 16

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

2

Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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m.

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Triple-S Salud (IHPP)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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n.

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Kaiser (IHPP)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

United States District Court
Northern District of California

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o.

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Blue KC (IHPP)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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p.

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Humana (IHPP)

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Truvada

Yes _______

No _______

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Atripla

Yes _______

No _______

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If you answered “yes” to one or more of the above, then for those plaintiffs/drugs for

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which you answered “yes” proceed to Question 6 below. If you answered “no” for all the

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plaintiffs and all the drugs above, skip the remaining questions, and sign and date the

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form.

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6.

Please indicate the amount of overcharges for those plaintiffs/drugs for which you

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answered “yes” above. Do not fill in the below for any plaintiffs/drugs that you answered

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“no” to above.

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a.

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Direct Purchaser Classes (DPPs)
Truvada

$____________________
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Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 7 of 16

Atripla

1

$____________________

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b.

Walgreen (Retailer)

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Truvada

$____________________

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Atripla

$____________________

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c.

Kroger (Retailer)

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Truvada

$____________________

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Atripla

$____________________

10

United States District Court
Northern District of California

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d.

HEB (Retailer)

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Truvada

$____________________

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Atripla

$____________________

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e.

Albertsons (Retailer)

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Truvada

$____________________

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Atripla

$____________________

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f.

CVS Pharmacy (Retailer)

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Truvada

$____________________

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Atripla

$____________________

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g.

Rite Aid (Retailer)

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Truvada

$____________________

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Atripla

$____________________

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h.

United
Truvada

$____________________
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Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 8 of 16

Atripla

1

$____________________

2
3

i.

End-Payor Purchaser Classes (EPPs)

United States District Court
Northern District of California

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Truvada

Atripla

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Alabama

$____________________

$____________________

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Arizona

$____________________

$____________________

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California

$____________________

$____________________

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Connecticut

$____________________

$____________________

9

District of Columbia $____________________

$____________________

10

Florida

$____________________

$____________________

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Hawaii

$____________________

$____________________

12

Iowa

$____________________

$____________________

13

Kansas

$____________________

$____________________

14

Maine

$____________________

$____________________

15

Maryland

$____________________

$____________________

16

Massachusetts

$____________________

$____________________

17

Michigan

$____________________

$____________________

18

Minnesota

$____________________

$____________________

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Mississippi

$____________________

$____________________

20

Missouri

$____________________

$____________________

21

Nebraska

$____________________

$____________________

22

Nevada

$____________________

$____________________

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New Hampshire

$____________________

$____________________

24

New Mexico

$____________________

$____________________

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New York

$____________________

$____________________

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North Carolina

$____________________

$____________________

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North Dakota

$____________________

$____________________

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Oregon

$____________________

$____________________

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Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 9 of 16

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Rhode Island

$____________________

$____________________

2

South Dakota

$____________________

$____________________

3

Tennessee

$____________________

$____________________

4

Utah

$____________________

$____________________

5

Vermont

$____________________

$____________________

6

West Virginia

$____________________

$____________________

7

Wisconsin

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

Truvada

Atripla

TOTAL:

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9
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j.

Florida Blue (IHPP)

United States District Court
Northern District of California

11
12

Alabama

$____________________

$____________________

13

Arizona

$____________________

$____________________

14

California

$____________________

$____________________

15

Connecticut

$____________________

$____________________

16

District of Columbia $____________________

N/A

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Florida

$____________________

$____________________

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Hawaii

$____________________

N/A

19

Illinois

$____________________

$____________________

20

Iowa

$____________________

$____________________

21

Kansas

$____________________

N/A

22

Louisiana

$____________________

$____________________

23

Maine

$____________________

$____________________

24

Maryland

$____________________

N/A

25

Massachusetts

$____________________

N/A

26

Michigan

$____________________

$____________________

27

Minnesota

$____________________

N/A

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Mississippi

$____________________

N/A

9

United States District Court
Northern District of California

Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 10 of 16

1

Missouri

$____________________

N/A

2

Montana

N/A

$____________________

3

Nebraska

$____________________

$____________________

4

Nevada

$____________________

$____________________

5

New Hampshire

$____________________

N/A

6

New Mexico

$____________________

N/A

7

New York

$____________________

$____________________

8

North Carolina

$____________________

$____________________

9

Oregon

$____________________

N/A

10

Rhode Island

$____________________

N/A

11

South Carolina

$____________________

$____________________

12

South Dakota

$____________________

N/A

13

Tennessee

$____________________

$____________________

14

Utah

$____________________

N/A

15

Vermont

$____________________

N/A

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Wisconsin

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

Truvada

Atripla

TOTAL:

17
18
19

k.

Centene (IHPP)

20
21

Alabama

$____________________

$____________________

22

Arizona

$____________________

$____________________

23

California

$____________________

$____________________

24

Connecticut

$____________________

$____________________

25

District of Columbia $____________________

$____________________

26

Florida

$____________________

$____________________

27

Hawaii

$____________________

$____________________

28

Illinois

$____________________

$____________________

10

United States District Court
Northern District of California

Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 11 of 16

1

Iowa

$____________________

$____________________

2

Kansas

$____________________

$____________________

3

Louisiana

$____________________

$____________________

4

Maine

$____________________

$____________________

5

Maryland

$____________________

$____________________

6

Michigan

$____________________

$____________________

7

Minnesota

$____________________

$____________________

8

Mississippi

$____________________

$____________________

9

Missouri

$____________________

$____________________

10

Montana

$____________________

$____________________

11

Nebraska

$____________________

$____________________

12

Nevada

$____________________

$____________________

13

New Hampshire

$____________________

$____________________

14

New Mexico

$____________________

$____________________

15

New York

$____________________

$____________________

16

North Carolina

$____________________

$____________________

17

North Dakota

$____________________

$____________________

18

Oregon

$____________________

$____________________

19

Rhode Island

$____________________

$____________________

20

South Carolina

$____________________

$____________________

21

South Dakota

$____________________

N/A

22

Tennessee

$____________________

$____________________

23

Utah

$____________________

$____________________

24

Vermont

$____________________

$____________________

25

West Virginia

$____________________

$____________________

26

Wisconsin

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

27

TOTAL:

28
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Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 12 of 16

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l.

HCSC (IHPP)

United States District Court
Northern District of California

2

Truvada

Atripla

3

Alabama

$____________________

$____________________

4

Arizona

$____________________

$____________________

5

California

$____________________

$____________________

6

Connecticut

$____________________

N/A

7

District of Columbia $____________________

$____________________

8

Florida

$____________________

$____________________

9

Hawaii

$____________________

$____________________

10

Illinois

$____________________

$____________________

11

Iowa

$____________________

$____________________

12

Kansas

$____________________

$____________________

13

Louisiana

$____________________

$____________________

14

Maine

$____________________

$____________________

15

Maryland

$____________________

$____________________

16

Massachusetts

$____________________

N/A

17

Michigan

$____________________

$____________________

18

Minnesota

$____________________

$____________________

19

Mississippi

$____________________

$____________________

20

Missouri

$____________________

$____________________

21

Montana

$____________________

$____________________

22

Nebraska

$____________________

$____________________

23

Nevada

$____________________

$____________________

24

New Hampshire

$____________________

N/A

25

New Mexico

$____________________

$____________________

26

New York

$____________________

$____________________

27

North Carolina

$____________________

$____________________

28

North Dakota

$____________________

N/A

12

Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 13 of 16

1

Oregon

$____________________

$____________________

2

Rhode Island

$____________________

$____________________

3

South Carolina

$____________________

$____________________

4

South Dakota

$____________________

$____________________

5

Tennessee

$____________________

$____________________

6

Utah

$____________________

$____________________

7

Vermont

$____________________

N/A

8

West Virginia

$____________________

$____________________

9

Wisconsin

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

TOTAL:

10

United States District Court
Northern District of California

11
12

m.

Triple-S Salud (IHPP)

13

Truvada

Atripla

14

Connecticut

$____________________

N/A

15

Illinois

$____________________

N/A

16

New York

$____________________

N/A

17

North Carolina

$____________________

N/A

$____________________

N/A

Truvada

Atripla

TOTAL:

18
19
20

n.

Kaiser (IHPP)

21
22

California

$____________________

$____________________

23

District of Columbia $____________________

$____________________

24

Hawaii

$____________________

$____________________

25

Maryland

$____________________

$____________________

26

Oregon

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

27

TOTAL:

28
13

Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 14 of 16

1

o.

Blue KC (IHPP)

United States District Court
Northern District of California

2

Truvada

Atripla

3

Alabama

$____________________

$____________________

4

Arizona

$____________________

$____________________

5

California

$____________________

$____________________

6

Connecticut

$____________________

N/A

7

District of Columbia $____________________

N/A

8

Florida

$____________________

$____________________

9

Hawaii

$____________________

N/A

10

Illinois

$____________________

$____________________

11

Iowa

$____________________

N/A

12

Kansas

$____________________

$____________________

13

Louisiana

$____________________

N/A

14

Maryland

$____________________

N/A

15

Massachusetts

$____________________

N/A

16

Michigan

$____________________

N/A

17

Minnesota

$____________________

N/A

18

Missouri

$____________________

$____________________

19

Nebraska

$____________________

N/A

20

Nevada

$____________________

$____________________

21

New York

$____________________

N/A

22

North Carolina

$____________________

N/A

23

Oregon

$____________________

N/A

24

South Carolina

$____________________

N/A

25

Tennessee

$____________________

$____________________

26

Utah

$____________________

N/A

27

Wisconsin

$____________________

N/A

$____________________

$____________________

28

TOTAL:

14

Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 15 of 16

1
2

p.

Humana (IHPP)

United States District Court
Northern District of California

3

Truvada

Atripla

4

Alabama

$____________________

$____________________

5

Arizona

$____________________

$____________________

6

California

$____________________

$____________________

7

Connecticut

$____________________

$____________________

8

District of Columbia $____________________

$____________________

9

Florida

$____________________

$____________________

10

Hawaii

$____________________

$____________________

11

Illinois

$____________________

$____________________

12

Iowa

$____________________

$____________________

13

Kansas

$____________________

$____________________

14

Louisiana

$____________________

$____________________

15

Maine

$____________________

$____________________

16

Maryland

$____________________

$____________________

17

Michigan

$____________________

$____________________

18

Minnesota

$____________________

$____________________

19

Mississippi

$____________________

$____________________

20

Missouri

$____________________

$____________________

21

Montana

$____________________

$____________________

22

Nebraska

$____________________

$____________________

23

Nevada

$____________________

$____________________

24

New Hampshire

$____________________

$____________________

25

New Mexico

$____________________

$____________________

26

New York

$____________________

$____________________

27

North Carolina

$____________________

$____________________

28

North Dakota

$____________________

$____________________

15

Case 3:19-cv-02573-EMC Document 1884 Filed 05/23/23 Page 16 of 16

1

Oregon

$____________________

$____________________

2

Rhode Island

$____________________

$____________________

3

South Carolina

$____________________

$____________________

4

South Dakota

$____________________

$____________________

5

Tennessee

$____________________

$____________________

6

Utah

$____________________

$____________________

7

Vermont

$____________________

$____________________

8

West Virginia

$____________________

$____________________

9

Wisconsin

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

$____________________

TOTAL:

10

Proceed to Question 7 below.

United States District Court
Northern District of California

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12
13

7.

Was the defendants’ antitrust violation(s) that you found flagrant?

14

Yes _______

No _______

15

Proceed to Question 8 below.

16
17

8.

Was the defendants’ antitrust violation(s) that you found willful?

18

Yes _______

No _______

19

Please sign and date the form.

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21
22
_________________________
Presiding Juror

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24

_________________________
Date

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