Johnson v. State of California et al

Filing 3

ORDER DISMISSING PETITION WITHOUT PREJUDICE: The Court DISMISSES the Petition without prejudice due to Petitioners failure to name a proper respondent. To have this case reopened, Petitioner must file a First Amended Petition no later than March 24, 2008 in conformance with this Order. The Clerk of Court shall send Petitioner a blank Southern District of California habeas petition form along with a copy of this Order. Signed by Judge M. James Lorenz on 1/25/2008. (petition form and order mailed)(mjj)

Johnson v. State of California et al

Doc. 3

Case 3:08-cv-00115-L-JMA

Document 3

Filed 01/25/2008

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 v. STATE OF CALIFORNIA, et al., Respondents. MARVIN L. JOHNSON, Petitioner, Civil No. 08cv0115-L (JMA) UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

ORDER DISMISSING PETITION WITHOUT PREJUDICE

Petitioner, a state prisoner proceeding pro se, has submitted a Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254, and has paid the $5.00 filing fee. The Petition is subject to dismissal, however, because Petitioner has failed to name a proper Respondent. On federal habeas, a state prisoner must name the state officer having custody of him as the respondent. Ortiz-Sandoval v. Gomez, 81 F.3d 891, 894 (9th Cir. 1996) (citing Rule 2(a), 28 U.S.C. foll. § 2254). "Typically, that person is the warden of the facility in which the petitioner is incarcerated." Id. Federal courts lack personal jurisdiction when a habeas petition fails to name a proper respondent. See id. The warden is the typical respondent. However, "the rules following section 2254 do not specify the warden." Id. "[T]he `state officer having custody' may be `either the warden of the institution in which the petitioner is incarcerated . . . or the chief officer in charge of state penal institutions.'" Id. (quoting Rule 2(a), 28 U.S.C. foll. § 2254 advisory committee's note). If "a petitioner is in custody due to the state action he is challenging, `[t]he named respondent shall

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Case 3:08-cv-00115-L-JMA

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be the state officer who has official custody of the petitioner (for example, the warden of the prison).'" Id. (quoting Rule 2, 28 U.S.C. foll. § 2254 advisory committee's note). Here, Petitioner has incorrectly named "State of California," "Gov. Schwarzenegger" and "Bill Lockyer, Attorney General of the State of California" as Respondents. A long standing rule in the Ninth Circuit holds "that a petitioner may not seek [a writ of] habeas corpus against the State under . . . [whose] authority . . . the petitioner is in custody. The actual person who is [the] custodian [of the petitioner] must be the respondent." Ashley v. Washington, 394 F.2d 125, 126 (9th Cir. 1968). This requirement exists because a writ of habeas corpus acts upon the custodian of the state prisoner, the person who will produce "the body" if directed to do so by the Court. "Both the warden of a California prison and the Director of Corrections for California have the power to produce the prisoner." Ortiz-Sandoval, 81 F.3d at 895. Thus, the State of California and the Governor of California are not proper Respondents to this action. Additionally, Bill Lockyer, the Attorney General of the State of California, is not a proper respondent in this action. Rule 2 of the Rules following § 2254 provides that the state officer having custody of the petitioner shall be named as respondent. Rule 2(a), 28 U.S.C. foll. § 2254. However, "[i]f the petitioner is not yet in custody ­ but may be subject to future custody ­ under the state-court judgment being contested, the petition must name as respondents both the officer who has current custody and the attorney general of the state where the judgement was entered." Rule 2 (b), 28 U.S.C. foll. § 2254. Here, there is no basis for Petitioner to have named the Attorney General as a respondent in this action. In order for this Court to entertain the Petition filed in this action, Petitioner must name the warden in charge of the state correctional facility in which Petitioner is presently confined or the Secretary of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. Brittingham v. United States, 982 F.2d 378, 379 (9th Cir. 1992) (per curiam). /// /// /// ///

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Case 3:08-cv-00115-L-JMA

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Accordingly, the Court DISMISSES the Petition without prejudice due to Petitioner's failure to name a proper respondent. To have this case reopened, Petitioner must file a First Amended Petition no later than March 24, 2008 in conformance with this Order. The Clerk of Court shall send Petitioner a blank Southern District of California habeas petition form along with a copy of this Order. IT IS SO ORDERED.

DATED: January 25, 2008 M. James Lorenz United States District Court Judge Copies to: ALL PARTIES

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