Rodriguez v. U.S. Department of Justice et al
Filing
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ORDER denying without Plaintiff's 80 Ex Parte Motion to File Documents Under Seal. The 81 Sealed Lodged Proposed Documents are stricken from the docket. If Plaintiff wishes to refile a motion for reconsideration, he must contact Chambers to obtain a hearing date. Signed by Judge Thomas J. Whelan on 3/2/2016. (jah)
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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
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SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
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CONSTANTINO CANELOS
RODRIGUEZ,
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ORDER:
Plaintiff,
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Case No.: 14-CV-0958 W (BLM)
v.
(1) DENYING WITHOUT
PREJUDICE PLAINTIFF’S EX
PARTE APPLICATION TO FILE
DOCUMENTS UNDER SEAL
[DOC. 80]; AND
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE and
its components DRUG ENFORCEMENT
ADMINISTRATION and FEDERAL
BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION,
Defendants.
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(2) STRIKING SEALED LODGED
PROPOSED DOCUMENTS
[DOC. 81]
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Pending before the Court is Plaintiff’s ex parte application to file documents under
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seal.1 [Doc. 80.] Defendant opposes. (See Def.’s Opp’n [Doc. 83].) The Court decides
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the matter without oral argument pursuant to Civil Local Rule 7.1(d)(1).
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Though Plaintiff captioned the application as a motion to file documents under seal, the Court
interprets it as an ex parte application. (See February 25, 2016 [Doc. 82].)
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14-CV-0958 W (BLM)
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I.
LEGAL STANDARD
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Federal law creates a strong presumption in favor of public access to court records,
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but this right of access is not absolute. San Jose Mercury News, Inc. v. U.S. Dist. Court–
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N. Dist. (San Jose), 187 F.3d 1096, 1102 (9th Cir. 1999). “Every court has supervisory
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power over its own records and files, and access has been denied where court files might
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have become a vehicle for improper purposes.” Hagestad v. Tragesser, 49 F.3d 1430,
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1434 (9th Cir. 1995) (citing Nixon v. Warner Communications, Inc., 435 U.S. 589, 598
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(1978). District courts therefore have authority to seal and unseal court records, a power
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that derives from their inherent supervisory power. See Hagestad, 49 F.3d at 1434.
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Whenever a district court is asked to seal court records in a civil case, the
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presumption in favor of access can be overcome by a showing of “sufficiently important
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countervailing interests.” San Jose Mercury News, 187 F.3d at 1102. The factors
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relevant to determining whether this presumption has been overcome include the “public
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interest in understanding the judicial process and whether disclosure of the material could
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result in improper use of the material for scandalous or libelous purposes or infringement
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upon trade secrets.” Hagestad, 49 F.3d at 1434 (quoting EEOC v. Erection Co., Inc., 900
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F.2d 168, 170 (9th Cir. 1990). “After taking all relevant factors into consideration, the
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district court must base its decision on a compelling reason and articulate the factual basis
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for its ruling, without relying on hypothesis or conjecture.” Id. (citing Valley Broad. Co.
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v. U.S. Dist. Court for Dist. of Nevada, 798 F.2d 1289, 1295 (9th Cir. 1986)).
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The common law right of access extends to pretrial documents produced in civil
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cases, including documents filed in connection with summary judgment motions. See
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San Jose Mercury News, 187 F.3d at 1102. Thus, unless the court issues an order to the
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contrary, the fruits of pretrial discovery are presumptively public. See id. at 1103. Even
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when a protective order purportedly requires sealing of court documents, the district court
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must still exercise rigorous scrutiny before it forecloses public access. Id. at 1103; see
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also Rushford v. New Yorker Magazine, Inc., 846 F.2d 249, 252 (4th Cir. 1988).
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14-CV-0958 W (BLM)
As a natural consequence of the public’s right of access to records in civil cases,
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the presumption of public access cannot be overcome by a mere stipulation of the parties.
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As Judge Posner recognized, the district judge must scrutinize any request to seal court
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documents and “may not rubber stamp a stipulation to seal the record.” Citizens First
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Nat. Bank of Princeton v. Cincinnati Ins. Co., 178 F.3d 943, 945 (7th Cir. 1999); accord
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City of Hartford v. Chase, 942 F.2d 130, 136 (1st Cir. 1991) (“[T]he trial court—not the
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parties themselves—should scrutinize every such agreement involving the sealing of
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court papers and what, if any, of them are to be sealed . . . .”).
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II.
DISCUSSION
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Plaintiff seeks to file the following documents under seal: (1) Plaintiff’s motion for
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reconsideration or clarification; (2) the declaration of Constantino Canelos Rodriguez; (3)
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the declaration of Morgan Scudi; and (4) Defendants’ opposition to the motion for
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reconsideration or clarification, to the extent that the opposition might “use the contents
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of any of the sealed documents[.]” (See Pls.’ Mot. to File Under Seal [Doc. 80] ¶ 4.)
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Plaintiff provides no evidence in support of his motion. He offers only the following
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rationale:
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Plaintiff contends that these documents contain slanderous accusations pertaining
to Plaintiff, which if disclosed to the public, will cause severe harm to his
reputation and business . . . . In order to avoid dissemination of information that
could irremediably harm Plaintiff, Plaintiff requests that the Court allow the filing
of these documents under seal.
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(Id. [Doc. 80] ¶¶ 2–3.) Plaintiff does not identify the “slanderous accusations” he cites.
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He has not filed redacted copies of the documents he seeks to file under seal.
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In short, Plaintiff does not identify the factual basis for his motion to seal the
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documents in question. There are no compelling reasons evident to overcome the strong
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presumption of public access to records in civil proceedings. See Hagestad, 49 F.3d at
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1434; San Jose Mercury News, 187 F.3d at 1102.
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14-CV-0958 W (BLM)
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Accordingly, Plaintiff’s motion to file documents under seal [Doc. 80] is DENIED
without prejudice.
Given Plaintiff’s contention that the sealed lodged proposed documents [Doc. 81]
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contain materials that should not be disclosed to the public, the lodged documents are
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STRICKEN from the docket.
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If Plaintiff wishes to refile a motion for reconsideration, he must contact chambers
to obtain a hearing date. See Civ. L.R. 7.1(b); Judge Whelan’s Chambers Rules.
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IT IS SO ORDERED.
Dated: March 2, 2016
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