Coit v. Zavaras et al
Filing
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ORDER Directing Plaintiff to File Amended Complaint, by Magistrate Judge Boyd N. Boland on 06/08/12. (nmmsl, )
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLORADO
Civil Action No. 12-cv-00609-BNB
JILL COIT,
Plaintiff,
v.
ARISTEDES ZAVARAS, Director of C.D.O.C.,
THE COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS,
JAMES WELTON,
LARRY REID, L.V.C.F.,
ROBERT CANTWELL,
LLOYD WAIDE, L.V.C.F.,
MICHAEL DOUSSARD, L.V.C.F., (Spelling),
C.I.D. DENNIS HOUGNON, Pueblo,
C.I.D. COLIN CARSON, D.W.C.F.,
JOHN MARTIN,
JANE/JOHN DOE – DOE 1,2,3,4, Who Took Legal Supreme Court Mail,
SGT. HATFIELD, D.W.C.F.,
CATHIE HOLST,
JOAN SHOEMAKER,
DR. P. FRANTZ,
DR. MARTINEZ-HOCHBE-YENETT,
SGT. LASSO, D.W.C.F.,
ANTHONY DECESARO,
SGT. FIELDS, L.V.C.F.,
SCOTT HALL, D.W.C.F.,
JANE/JOHN DOE #5 (Who took 2 cubic feet legal box)
CAPTAIN KITTY ARNOLD,
FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS,
READING COMMITTEE,
DOE #6 (B.C.I.) OFFICER ASSAULT,
DOE #7 (B.C.I.), Transportation Officer Who Took Complaint,
L.C.I. – ASSISTANT WARDEN POOLE, and
H.C.I. DR. RAZDON,
Defendants.
ORDER DIRECTING PLAINTIFF TO FILE AMENDED COMPLAINT
Plaintiff, Jill Coit, is a prisoner in the custody of the Florida Department of
Corrections (FDOC) who currently is incarcerated at the Lowell Correctional Institution –
Annex in Ocala, Florida. She has filed pro se a 95-page Prisoner Complaint pursuant to
42 U.S.C. § 1983, including numerous attachments, against defendants at both the
FDOC, and the Colorado Department of Corrections (CDOC), where she previously was
incarcerated. She asks for money damages, injunctive relief, and the “same relief she
filed for,” ECF No. 1 at 51, in a dismissed case, Coit v. Zavaras, No. 98-cv-02031-LTBMEH (D. Colo. Aug. 6, 2007), aff’d, No. 07-1370 (10th Cir. June 10, 2008). Ms. Coit has
been granted leave to proceed pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915.
The Court must construe Ms. Coit’s filings liberally because she is not
represented by an attorney. See Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 520-21 (1972); Hall v.
Bellmon, 935 F.2d 1106, 1110 (10th Cir. 1991). However, the Court should not be an
advocate for a pro se litigant. See Hall, 935 F.2d at 1110. For the reasons stated
below, Ms. Coit will be directed to file an amended complaint.
Ms. Coit is suing an improper party. Regardless of the relief sought, Ms. Coit
may not sue the Colorado Department of Corrections. The State of Colorado and its
entities are protected by Eleventh Amendment immunity. See Will v. Michigan Dep't of
State Police, 491 U.S. 58, 66 (1989); Meade v. Grubbs, 841 F.2d 1512, 1525-26 (10th
Cir. 1988). "It is well established that absent an unmistakable waiver by the state of its
Eleventh Amendment immunity, or an unmistakable abrogation of such immunity by
Congress, the amendment provides absolute immunity from suit in federal courts for
states and their agencies." Ramirez v. Oklahoma Dep't of Mental Health, 41 F.3d 584,
588 (10th Cir. 1994), overrruled on other grounds by Ellis v. University of Kansas Med.
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Ctr., 163 F.3d 1186 (10th Cir. 1998). The State of Colorado has not waived its Eleventh
Amendment immunity, see Griess v. Colorado, 841 F.2d 1042, 1044-45 (10th Cir.
1988), and congressional enactment of § 1983 did not abrogate Eleventh Amendment
immunity, see Quern v. Jordan, 440 U.S. 332, 340-345 (1979). The Eleventh
Amendment applies to all suits against the state and its agencies, regardless of the
relief sought. See Higganbotham v. Okla. Transp. Comm'n, 328 F.3d 638, 644 (10th
Cir. 2003).
In addition, Ms. Coit’s complaint does not comply with the pleading requirements
of Rule 8 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The twin purposes of a complaint are
to give the opposing parties fair notice of the basis for the claims against them so that
they may respond and to allow the Court to conclude that the allegations, if proven,
show that the plaintiff is entitled to relief. See Monument Builders of Greater Kansas
City, Inc. v. American Cemetery Ass’n of Kansas, 891 F.2d 1473, 1480 (10th Cir. 1989).
The requirements of Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 are designed to meet these purposes. See TV
Communications Network, Inc. v. ESPN, Inc., 767 F. Supp. 1062, 1069 (D. Colo. 1991),
aff’d, 964 F.2d 1022 (10th Cir. 1992). Rule 8(a) provides that a complaint “must contain
(1) a short and plain statement of the grounds for the court’s jurisdiction, . . . (2) a short
and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief; and (3) a
demand for the relief sought.” The philosophy of Rule 8(a) is reinforced by Rule 8(d)(1),
which provides that “[e]ach allegation must be simple, concise, and direct.” Taken
together, Rules 8(a) and (d)(1) underscore the emphasis placed on clarity and brevity
by the federal pleading rules. Prolix, vague, or unintelligible pleadings violate Rule 8.
Ms. Coit’s complaint is verbose and her allegations are disjointed and rambling.
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She refers to Montez v. Owens, No. 92-cv-00870-JLK, an action commenced pursuant
to the ADA and Rehabilitation Act on behalf of Colorado inmates suffering from
particular disabilities and alleges violations of the Montez remedial plan of August 27,
2003. Any disagreement Ms. Coit has about the CDOC’s compliance with the Montez
remedial plan must be directed to class counsel in Montez. The claims she asserts
against the FDOC and its employees must be asserted in the appropriate court in
Florida because this case lacks jurisdiction over any claims asserted against Florida
defendants. Ms. Coit appears to be reasserting allegations previously raised in No. 98cv-02031-LTB-MEH, and I caution her that she should refrain from raising claims that
are barred by the doctrines of collateral estoppel and res judicata. See Allen v.
McCurry, 449 U.S. 90, 94 (1980). Ms. Coit also may not raise claims barred by the
statute of limitations, as she was informed in No. 98-cv-02031-LTB-MEH, both by this
Court and by the United States Court of Appeals in affirming this Court.
Generally, Ms. Coit fails to provide “a generalized statement of the facts from
which the defendant may form a responsive pleading.” New Home Appliance Ctr., Inc.,
v. Thompson, 250 F.2d 881, 883 (10th Cir. 1957). For the purposes of Rule 8(a), “[i]t is
sufficient, and indeed all that is permissible, if the complaint concisely states facts upon
which relief can be granted upon any legally sustainable basis.” Id.
It is Ms. Coit’s responsibility to present her claims in a manageable format that
allows the Court and the defendants to know what claims are being asserted and to be
able to respond to those claims. Ms. Coit must allege, simply and concisely, her
specific claims for relief, including the specific rights that allegedly have been violated
and the specific acts of each defendant that allegedly violated her rights. The general
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rule that pro se pleadings must be construed liberally has limits and “the Court cannot
take on the responsibility of serving as the litigant’s attorney in constructing arguments
and searching the record.” Garrett v. Selby Connor Maddux & Janer, 425 F.3d 836, 840
(10th Cir. 2005).
In the amended complaint she will be directed to file, Ms. Coit must assert
personal participation by each named defendant. See Bennett v. Passic, 545 F.2d
1260, 1262-63 (10th Cir. 1976). To establish personal participation, Ms. Coit must show
how each named individual caused the deprivation of a federal right. See Kentucky v.
Graham, 473 U.S. 159, 166 (1985). There must be an affirmative link between the
alleged constitutional violation and each defendant’s participation, control or direction, or
failure to supervise. See Butler v. City of Norman, 992 F.2d 1053, 1055 (10th Cir.
1993). A defendant may not be held liable on a theory of respondeat superior merely
because of his or her supervisory position. See Pembaur v. City of Cincinnati, 475 U.S.
469, 479 (1986); McKee v. Heggy, 703 F.2d 479, 483 (10th Cir. 1983). A supervisor is
only liable for constitutional violations he or she causes. See Dodds v. Richardson, 614
F.3d 1185, 1211 (10th Cir. 2010).
Ms. Coit may use fictitious names, such as "John or Jane Doe," if she does not
know the real names of the individuals who allegedly violated her rights. However, if
Ms. Coit uses fictitious names she must provide sufficient information about each
defendant so that he or she can be identified for purposes of service.
Lastly, the amended complaint Ms. Coit will be directed to file, whether
handwritten or typed, shall be double-spaced and legible, in capital and lower-case
letters, in compliance with D.C.COLO.LCivR 10.1E. and G.
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A decision to dismiss a complaint pursuant to Rule 8 is within the trial court’s
sound discretion. See Atkins v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 967 F.2d 1197, 1203 (8th Cir.
1992); Gillibeau v. City of Richmond, 417 F.2d 426, 431 (9th Cir. 1969). The Court finds
that the complaint does not meet the requirements of Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 and
D.C.COLO.LCivR 10.1. Ms. Coit will be given an opportunity to cure the deficiencies in
her complaint by submitting a legible amended complaint that asserts appropriate
claims, states them clearly and concisely in compliance with Fed. R. Civ. P. 8, and
alleges specific facts that demonstrate how each named defendant personally
participated in the asserted constitutional violations.
Accordingly, it is
ORDERED that Plaintiff, Jill Coit, within thirty (30) days from the date of this
order, file an amended complaint that complies with this order. It is
FURTHER ORDERED that the amended complaint shall be titled “Amended
Prisoner Complaint,” and shall be filed with the Clerk of the Court, United States District
Court for the District of Colorado, Alfred A. Arraj United States Courthouse, 901
Nineteenth Street, A105, Denver, Colorado 80294. It is
FURTHER ORDERED that Ms. Coit shall obtain the Court-approved Prisoner
Complaint form (with the assistance of her case manager or the facility’s legal
assistant), along with the applicable instructions, at www.cod.uscourts.gov. It is
FURTHER ORDERED that, if Ms. Coit fails to file an amended complaint that
complies with this order within the time allowed, the complaint and the action will be
dismissed without further notice.
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DATED June 8, 2012, at Denver, Colorado.
BY THE COURT:
s/ Boyd N. Boland
United States Magistrate Judge
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