Garewal v. U.S. Marshall et al
Filing
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ORDER granting 57 Motion to Dismiss and granting 75 Motion to Dismiss. Adopting 92 and 94 Report and Recommendations. Complaint is dismissed with prejudice. By Judge Raymond P. Moore on 9/24/2014. (trlee, )
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLORADO
Judge Raymond P. Moore
Civil Action No. 12-cv-02348-RM-BNB
MILTON BRADLEY GAREWAL,
Plaintiff,
v.
U.S. MARSHAL JOROME SLIZ,
U.S. MARSHAL GILLIAN FLECK,
DR. CRUM,
NURSE JOHNSON, and
THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON CORRECTIONAL HEALTH CARE,
Defendants.
ORDER ADOPTING MAGISTRATE’S RECOMMENDATIONS
AND DISMISSING CASE
This matter is before the Court on U.S. Magistrate Judge Boyd N. Boland’s July 29, 2013
Recommendation (ECF No. 60) that Claim Three of the Third Amended Complaint be dismissed
as legally frivolous. This matter is also before the Court on Judge Boland’s two December 9,
2013 Recommendations (ECF Nos. 92 and 94, respectively “Recommendation One” and
“Recommendation Two”). Recommendation One recommends that the Motion to Dismiss under
Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) filed by Defendants Crum and Johnson (ECF No. 57) be granted.
Recommendation Two recommends that this Court grant the Motion to Dismiss filed by
Defendants Jerome Sliz and Gillian Fleck (ECF No. 75). Plaintiff filed objections to each of
Recommendations One and Two (ECF Nos. 95 and 96), which are addressed herein. For the
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reasons stated below, the Magistrate Judge’s Recommendations are ADOPTED, the Objections
to the Recommendations are OVERRULED, and Plaintiff’s Complaint is DISMISSED.
I.
LEGAL STANDARD
When a magistrate judge issues a recommendation on a dispositive matter, Federal Rule
of Civil Procedure 72(b)(3) requires that the district court judge “determine de novo any part of
the magistrate judge’s [recommendation] that has been properly objected to.” In conducting its
review, “[t]he district judge may accept, reject, or modify the recommended disposition; receive
further evidence; or return the matter to the magistrate judge with instructions.” Fed. R. Civ. P.
72(b)(3). An objection is proper if it is filed within fourteen days of the Magistrate Judge’s
recommendations and specific enough to enable the “district judge to focus attention on those
issues – factual and legal – that are at the heart of the parties’ dispute.” United States v. 2121
East 30th Street, 73 F.3d 1057, 1059 (10th Cir. 1996) (quoting Thomas v. Arn, 474 U.S. 140, 147
(1985)). In the absence of a timely and specific objection, “the district court may review a
magistrate’s report under any standard it deems appropriate.” Summers v. Utah, 927 F.2d 1165,
1167 (10th Cir. 1991); see also Fed. R. Civ. P. 72 Advisory Committee's Note (“When no timely
objection is filed, the court need only satisfy itself that there is no clear error on the face of the
record in order to accept the recommendation.”).
Plaintiff is proceeding pro se; thus, the Court must liberally construe his pleadings.
Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 520-21 (1972). The Court, however, cannot act as advocate for
Plaintiff, who must still comply with the fundamental requirements of the Federal Rules of Civil
Procedure. See Hall v. Bellmon, 935 F.2d 1106, 1110 (10th Cir. 1991).
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II.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
The Court adopts and incorporates the factual and procedural history included within the
referenced Recommendations as if set forth herein. To the extent any additional facts are
necessary for context or for the Court’s resolution of this matter, such facts are set forth below.
Plaintiff’s Third Amended Complaint was tendered on May 17, 2013 and was accepted
for filing on July 29, 2013. (ECF No. 61.) In it, he alleges claims against three clusters of
defendants: U.S. Marshals (Sliz and Fleck), Denver County Jail medical staff (Crum and
Johnson), and the National Commission on Correctional Health Care (the “Commission”).
As to the Marshals, Plaintiff alleges as follows. On May 11, 2012, while in the custody
of two United States Marshals, Defendants Sliz and Fleck (“Defendant Marshals”), Plaintiff was
transferred from one facility (the “Denver County Jail”) to another (the “Federal Building”). (Id.
at 6.) He informed Defendant Marshals that he has a “drop foot” and was wearing a brace, but
he was nonetheless required to wear shackles. (Id.) During transport, Plaintiff tripped and broke
three bones in his right foot, but he walked during the remainder of his transport. (Id. at 7.)
When Plaintiff was returned to the Denver County Jail, he asked Defendant Marshals if they
were going to tell personnel at the Denver County Jail about his broken foot, and they responded
that he would have to submit a “medical kite” and tell the appropriate personnel himself. (Id. at
8.)
As to medical staff, Plaintiff alleges as follows. Upon his return to the jail, Plaintiff
contacted a deputy and was told that there were no “kites” available, and he would have to ask a
nurse for one. (Id.) He submitted a medical kite on May 14, 2012, which stated that he had a
broken foot due to wearing shackles. (Id. at 11.) The following day, Plaintiff saw Defendant
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Johnson, a nurse, who observed that Plaintiff’s foot was inflamed, bruised, swollen and hot to the
touch. (Id.) Defendant Johnson did not send Plaintiff to the hospital or prescribe any
medication; according to Plaintiff, he was simply sent back to his pod on foot. (Id.) On May 18,
2012, Dr. Crum examined Plaintiff and noticed bruising and swelling. Following the
examination, Dr. Crum had Plaintiff return to his cell without a cane, boot or pain pills to await
an x-ray. On May 21, 2012, Plaintiff saw an x-ray technician, who “noted…that Plaintiff has
had a broken foot sense [sic] May 11th 2012 due to shackles being place on Plaintiff’s feet.” (Id.
at 12.)
As to the National Commission on Correctional Health Care, the entirety of the allegation
is as follows:
“[The Commission] has accredited this facility (The Denver City Detention
Center) medical department with policies and procedures used in handeling [sic]
inmate medical treatment.”
Both the Marshal and medical staff Defendants moved for dismissal of the constitutional
and conspiracy claims against them. The medical staff also moved for dismissal of any state law
malpractice claim for failure to provide a certificate of review as required by C.R.S. § 13-20-602.
(ECF Nos. 57 and 75). Sua sponte, the Magistrate Judge recommended that the claim against the
Commission be dismissed as legally frivolous.
The Magistrate Judge’s collective recommendations equate to a recommendation that the
complaint and all claims in this matter be dismissed.
III.
ANALYSIS
This Court has reviewed each of the Recommendations and all relevant pleadings, and
concludes that Magistrate Judge Boland’s analysis of the issues was thorough and his
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conclusions were correct. Plaintiff filed Objections only to Recommendations One and Two,
and this Court has thus conducted a de novo review of the matters covered by these objections.1
As to the remaining matters – dismissal of the claim against the Commission and dismissal of all
claims purportedly arising under 18 U.S.C. §241 – the Court has concluded that Judge Boland’s
analysis was thorough and sound and that no clear error appears in the analysis. Accordingly,
these recommendations are adopted without further discussion.
In Recommendation One, Judge Boland recommended that the Motion to Dismiss (ECF
No. 57) filed by the medical staff be granted. Judge Boland concluded, as to the Eighth
Amendment and Due Process claims, that Plaintiff’s Third Amended Complaint and attached
medical records failed to allege deliberate indifference to a substantial risk of serious harm.
Based on records submitted by Plaintiff as exhibits to his complaint, the Magistrate Judge
concluded that Plaintiff did, in fact, receive treatment which was inconsistent with any notion of
deliberate indifference. The most that could be said was that there was a delay in obtaining a
doctor’s appointment, but a delay alone does not suffice.
A delay in medical care only constitutes a violation of constitutional rights where “the
plaintiff can show that the delay resulted in substantial harm.” Oxendine v. R.G. Kaplan, M.D.,
241 F.3d 1272, 1276 (10th Cir. 2001). Plaintiff did not allege that Defendants Johnson and Crum
were responsible for the delays, nor has he alleged substantial harm resulting from that delay. As
to state malpractice, the Magistrate Judge deemed that claim to be abandoned in light of the fact
that Plaintiff had not complied with C.R.S. § 13-20-602 by providing a certificate of expert
In response to the recommendation that Claim Three of the Third Amended Complaint (against
the Commission) be dismissed as legally frivolous, Plaintiff filed only a Motion to Clarify (ECF
No. 71) asking whether he should file yet another amended complaint deleting the challenged
claim.
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review within 60 days of service of the complaint. And Plaintiff had also failed to file any
response whatsoever to the motion to dismiss where this deficiency was first noted.
Nothing in Plaintiff’s Objection alters the correctness of the Magistrate Judge’s analysis.
Plaintiff argues that “[t]he delay from seeing Nurse Johnson and the delay from seeing Dr. Stob
to Dr. Crum should be considered a reasonable instance of substantial harm given that during
both delays, I suffered from foot fractures…That I was forced to walk for 10 days with a broken
foot gives rise to the reasonable assertion that substantial harm occurred, including up to making
my injury worse.” (ECF No. 96 at 2.) This Objection, which the Court has construed liberally
due to Plaintiff’s pro se status, does not allege that Defendants Johnson and Crum were
responsible for the delays in receiving medical treatment, and it does not offer any specific
allegations about how the delays resulted in substantial harm to him. He says the delay “gives
rise to the reasonable assertion that substantial harm occurred, including up to making my injury
worse,” but he does not explain or even specifically and affirmatively state that his injury was in
fact made worse, and by how much. This type of general conclusory allegation is not sufficient
to establish that a constitutional violation occurred, and so Plaintiff’s Objection is overruled.
That portion of Judge Boland’s Recommendation One addressing the constitutional claims
against the medical staff (ECF No. 94) is adopted.
As to the state law malpractice claim, Plaintiff’s Objection does not even substantively
address this issue, nor does it contest the legal or factual basis for this part of the
Recommendation. Instead, Plaintiff says that his “lack of legal expertise…led me to
misunderstand the requirement to file a certificate of review and to reply in a timely manner to
defendants’ argument.” (ECF No. 96 at 2.) His Objection contains no other reply based on the
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merits, and even accounting for Plaintiff’s pro se status and conducting a de novo review does
not save his state law malpractice claim. The Court agrees with Judge Boland that this claim,
too, must be dismissed.
In Recommendation Two, Judge Boland recommended that the Motion to Dismiss (ECF
No. 75) filed by the Marshals be granted. Analytically the same as Recommendation One’s
treatment of the Eighth Amendment/ Due Process claims, Judge Boland concluded that the
allegations of the Third Amendment Complaint were insufficient to establish deliberate
indifference on the part of the Marshals – Defendants Sliz and Fleck. In reaching his conclusion,
Judge Boland relied upon the fact that the medical card attached to the complaint2 does not
contain any restriction on shackling. He alleges that the Marshals attempted to accommodate
Plaintiff’s needs by attempting to walk slowly. In terms of the failure of the Marshals to notify
the jail of his injury, there is neither an allegation that they knew his foot was actually broken or
that there would be delay at the jail in accessing medical personnel. In short, the allegations
reflect an unfortunate injury, but not a constitutional violation.
In Plaintiff’s Objection, he argues that his “complaint establishes both objectively and
subjectively the occurrence of particular conditions of my confinement constituted cruel and
unusual punishment and I therefore respectfully object [to Recommendation Two.]” (ECF No.
95 at 3.) Plaintiff’s position is less objection to error or impropriety than argument. He notes
that the Marshals “do not allege any medical training or expertise” and yet when confronted with
Plaintiff’s condition they “did not consult with a medical professional as to how to properly
This card issued two months after the incident giving rise to the complaint. There was no
allegation that any card carried on the day he was transported and injured imposed a shackling
restriction.
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accommodate my need during transport.” (ECF No. 95 at 2.) Plaintiff also points to Sliz’s
response to Plaintiff’s contention that his foot was broken (asking if Plaintiff could walk) and
Fleck’s refusal to notify medical staff upon return to the Denver County Jail as further evidence
of deliberate indifference.
None of these facts or any others Plaintiff points to in his Objection are new or contrary
to the facts considered by Judge Boland. Plaintiff is simply re-asserting facts from his Third
Amended Complaint and making conclusory statements that they amount to deliberate
indifference. I find that Judge Boland’s analysis includes a consideration of those facts, and
having considered them independently, I agree with his conclusion that there is insufficient
allegation of deliberate indifference to allow Plaintiff’s complaint to proceed. Plaintiff’s
Objection is overruled and Recommendation Two is adopted in full.
IV.
CONCLUSION
Based on the foregoing, it is ORDERED that:
1. Plaintiff’s Objections are OVERRULED and the July 29 and December 9, 2013
Recommendations are ADOPTED;
2. Defendants’ motions to dismiss (ECF Nos. 57 and 75) are GRANTED;
3. The Complaint in this matter is DISMISSED without prejudice; and
4. The Clerk of the Court is directed to close this case.
DATED this 24th day of September, 2014.
BY THE COURT:
____________________________________
RAYMOND P. MOORE
United States District Judge
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