Local Access, LLC v. Peerless Network, Inc.
Filing
818
ORDER granting 791, 795, 804, 809, 815 Motions for Leave to File Under Seal. The parties are DIRECTED to file the items approved for sealing through CM/ECF on or before December 14, 2022. Signed by Magistrate Judge Embry J. Kidd on 12/12/2022. (RMN)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
MIDDLE DISTRICT OF FLORIDA
ORLANDO DIVISION
LOCAL ACCESS, LLC,
Plaintiff,
v.
Case No: 6:17-cv-236-WWB-EJK
PEERLESS NETWORK, INC.,
Defendant.
ORDER
This cause comes before the Court on the following motions:
1. Plaintiff’s Unopposed Motion to Seal Under Protective Order (Doc. 44) Exhibit
2 of Plaintiff’s Motion to Compel Reponses to First Set of Interrogatories (Doc.
791);
2. Plaintiff’s Unopposed Motion to Seal Under Protective Order (Doc. 44)
Exhibits 3 and 4 of Plaintiff’s Motion for Redesignation of Information in
Expert Report and to Compel Better Response to Third Set of Interrogatories
(Doc. 795);
3. Defendant’s Unopposed Motion for Leave to File Under Seal Documents
Relating to Three Discovery Motions (Doc. 804);
4. Plaintiff’s Unopposed Motion to Seal Under Protective Order (Doc. 44) Exhibit
1 of Plaintiff’s Response to Motion to Compel (Doc. 782-1) (Doc. 809); and
5. Defendant’s Unopposed Motion for Leave to File Under Seal Exhibit to Its
Omnibus Opposition to Motions to Compel (Doc. 815), (collectively, the
“Motions to Seal”).
Upon consideration, the Motions to Seal are due to be granted.
Local Rule 1.11(c) requires the following for filing a document under seal, if it
is not authorized by a statute, rule, or order:
(1) must include in the title “Motion for Leave to File Under
Seal”; (2) must describe the item proposed for sealing; (3)
must state the reasons . . . filing the item is necessary, . . .
sealing the item is necessary, and . . . partial sealing,
redaction, or means other than sealing are unavailable or
unsatisfactory; (4) must propose a duration of the seal; (5)
must state the name, mailing address, email address, and
telephone number of the person authorized to retrieve a
sealed, tangible item; (6) must include a legal memorandum
supporting the seal; but (7) must not include the item
proposed for sealing.
The parties have complied with the Local Rule; thus, the Court must now
determine whether there is good cause for the seal and whether the proposed duration
is appropriate.
While the Eleventh Circuit recognizes a “presumptive common law right to
inspect and copy judicial records,” United States v. Rosenthal, 763 F.2d 1291, 1292–93
(11th Cir. 1985), a party may overcome the public’s right to access by demonstrating
good cause. Romero v. Drummond Co., Inc., 480 F.3d 1234, 1246 (11th Cir. 2007); see
also Nixon v. Warner Commc’ns, Inc., 435 U.S. 589, 598 (1978) (“It is uncontested,
however, that the right to inspect and copy judicial records is not absolute. Every court
has supervisory power over its own records and files, and access has been denied where
court files might have become a vehicle for improper purposes.”).
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If good cause is shown, the court must balance the interest in obtaining access
to the information against the interest in keeping the information confidential. See
Chicago Tribune Co. v. Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc., 263 F.3d 1304, 1309 (11th Cir. 2001).
Factors a court may consider are:
[W]hether allowing access would impair court functions or
harm legitimate privacy interests, the degree of and
likelihood of injury if made public, the reliability of the
information, whether there will be an opportunity to
respond to the information, whether the information
concerns public officials or public concerns, and the
availability of a less onerous alternative to sealing the
documents.
Romero, 480 F.3d at 1246.
First, Local Access requests permission to seal Exhibit 2 to Plaintiff’s Motion
to Compel Responses to First Set of Interrogatories (Doc. 790-2). (Doc. 791.) That
exhibit is Defendant’s Fourth Amended Responses and Objections to Plaintiff’s First
Set of Interrogatories, which Peerless has designated as Confidential. Due to this
designation and pursuant to the Protective Order (Doc. 44), Local Access asserts that
Exhibit 2 should be sealed.
Next, Local Access requests permission to seal Exhibits 3 and 4 of Plaintiff’s
Motion for Redesignation of Information in Expert Report and to Compel Better
Response to Third Set of Interrogatories (Docs. 794-3, -4). (Doc. 795.) These
documents are copies of Peerless’s expert’s report, which Peerless has designated as
Highly Confidential. As to the rationale for sealing, Local Access states:
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Peerless has designated its expert’s report as Highly
Confidential, including columns c, d and e of Exhibit G to
the report, which Peerless seeks to shield from Local
Access’s view. Although Local Access’s motion for
redesignation seeks to have information redesignated so
that Local Access may see it, the information still would be
Highly Confidential to the extent that the public and
Peerless should not have access to the information that
Peerless designated as Highly Confidential because it
quotes or references Local Access’s own Highly
Confidential designated information. Such information,
which is redacted from Exhibit 3 but not from Exhibit 4,
includes Local Access’s traffic and customer information,
which is likely to cause competitive harm to the business
operations of Local Access if made public.
(Id. at 2–3.)
Peerless requests permission to seal one motion to compel discovery and certain
exhibits to two other motions to compel discovery. (Doc. 804 at 1.) Specifically,
Peerless has filed a Motion to Compel Discovery Regarding Request for Production
73 to Local Access (the “FCC Filing Motion”), a Motion to Compel Discovery
Regarding Competitive Offers (the “Competitive Offer Motion”), and a Motion to
Compel Discovery Regarding Alleged Breach of Section 5.18 of the Contract (the
“Section 5.18 Motion”).
The FCC Filing Motion (Doc. 802) requests that the Court compel Local Access
to respond to Peerless’s Document Request No. 73 and produce each Federal
Communications Commission Form 499-Q or 499-A filed by Local Access from 2015
to the present. The FCC Filing Motion attached a copy of the report of Local Access’s
retained expert, Joseph Gillan, which Local Access designated as Highly Confidential,
as Exhibit 3. (Doc. 802-3.) Peerless seeks to seal Exhibit 3 to the FCC Filing Motion,
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as well as portions of the FCC Filing Motion itself that quote from or refer to Exhibit
3, which is currently filed in redacted form.
The Competitive Offer Motion (Doc. 801) requests that the Court compel Local
Access to respond to Peerless’s Interrogatories Nos. 1, 8, and 9. The Competitive Offer
Motion attaches a copy of Local Access’s Supplemental Responses to Defendant
Peerless Network, Inc.’s Fourth Set of Interrogatories as Exhibit 4, designated as
Confidential, which Peerless seeks to seal. (Doc. 801-4.)
The Section 5.18 Motion (Doc. 803) requests that this Court compel Local
Access to respond to Peerless’s Interrogatory No. 12. The Section 5.18 Motion
attaches copies of Local Access’s Supplemental Responses to Defendant Peerless
Network, Inc.’s Fourth Set of Interrogatories and Amended Rule 26(a)(1) Disclosures
as Exhibit 2 and Exhibit 3 respectively, and are designated as Confidential, which
Peerless seeks to seal. (Docs. 803-2, -3.)
As to the responses to the Motions to Compel, Local Access requests permission
to seal Exhibit 1 to Plaintiff’s Response to Defendant’s Motion to Compel Regarding
Outbound Traffic Requests and Communications (Doc. 782-1). (Doc. 809.) Exhibit 1
is Plaintiff’s First Supplemental Responses and Objections to Defendant Peerless
Network Inc.’s Third Set of Requests for Production of Documents and Things, which
Local Access has designated Confidential because it contains proprietary customer
information. (Doc. 809 at 2.)
Finally, Peerless seeks permission to file under seal five exhibits attached to its
Omnibus Opposition to Motions to Compel: Exhibit A (Local Access’s Response to
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Interrogatory 12), Exhibit B (Declaration of Brian Brabson), Exhibit E (report
reflecting amounts Peerless billed on tandem access traffic terminated to Local Access
with first Bates number PN00145900), Exhibit G (Local Access’s Amended Initial
Disclosures), and Exhibit H (Peerless’s 7th Requests For Production to Local Access)
(Doc. 814). (Doc. 815.) Peerless states that “[e]ach of the exhibits that Peerless
proposes be sealed is either a document that has been designated by a party as
Confidential or Highly Confidential or contains references to information that has
been designated Confidential.” (Id. at 2.) Exhibits B and H have been filed in redacted
form.
The parties principally rely on the Protective Order (Doc. 44) as the reason all
of the documents previously identified for sealing should be sealed. However, as the
Court has stated, “[s]ealing is not authorized by a . . . protective order . . . .” Local
Rule 1.11(c). Thus, simply because a party has designated a document as Confidential
or Highly Confidential does not automatically make the document eligible for sealing.
However, based on the parties’ representations that the documents have been
designated “Confidential” or “Highly Confidential” pursuant to the terms of
Protective Order, the Court will infer, in this instance, that the parties have certified
that the information contained therein references confidential or proprietary business
information, as contemplated by the definitions set forth in the Protective Order (Doc.
44 at 2). (Id.). Courts in this District have recognized that maintaining the privacy of
confidential business information can constitute good cause for keeping documents
from the public view. See, e.g., Local Access, LLC v. Peerless Network, Inc., No. 6:14-cv399-
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Orl-40TBS, 2017 WL 2021761, at *2–3 (M.D. Fla. May 12, 2017) (permitting sealing
of proprietary financial and business information); Patent Asset Licensing LLC, v. Bright
House Networks, LLC, No. 3:15-cv-742-J-32MCR, 2016 WL 2991057, at *2 (M.D. Fla.
May 24, 2016) (permitting party to file confidential business information under seal
where such documents’ exposure could “violate the parties' privacy or proprietary
interests”). Thus, the parties have demonstrated good cause to overcome the public’s
right of access to the aforementioned documents to be sealed.
Accordingly, it is hereby ORDERED as follows:
1. Plaintiff’s Unopposed Motion to Seal Under Protective Order (Doc. 44) Exhibit
2 of Plaintiff’s Motion to Compel Reponses to First Set of Interrogatories (Doc.
791) is GRANTED.
2. Plaintiff’s Unopposed Motion to Seal Under Protective Order (Doc. 44)
Exhibits 3 and 4 of Plaintiff’s Motion for Redesignation of Information in
Expert Report and to Compel Better Response to Third Set of Interrogatories
(Doc. 795) is GRANTED.
3. Defendant’s Unopposed Motion for Leave to File Under Seal Documents
Relating to Three Discovery Motions (Doc. 804) is GRANTED.
4. Plaintiff’s Unopposed Motion to Seal Under Protective Order (Doc. 44) Exhibit
1 of Plaintiff’s Response to Motion to Compel (Doc. 782-1) (Doc. 809) is
GRANTED.
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5. Defendant’s Unopposed Motion for Leave to File Under Seal Exhibit to Its
Omnibus Opposition to Motions to Compel (Doc. 815) is GRANTED.
6. The parties are DIRECTED to file the items approved for sealing through
CM/ECF on or before December 14, 2022. 1 The seal shall remain in place
until resolution of this matter, including any appeals.
DONE and ORDERED in Orlando, Florida on December 12, 2022.
1
Effective November 7, 2022, lawyers are required to use CM/ECF to file a sealed
document. Additional information and instructions can be found at
https://www.flmd.uscourts.gov/cmecf.
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