Spadaro v. City of Miramar et al
Filing
154
ORDER granting 111 Defendants Pierson, Mantesta, and Guess' Motion to Dismiss Counts XIII, XIV, and XV of Second Amended Complaint. Third Amended Complaint due by 8/3/2012. Signed by Judge James I. Cohn on 7/24/2012. (npd)
UNI
TED STATES DI CT COURT
STRI
SO UTHERN DI
STRI OF FLO RI
CT
DA
CASE NO . II 6I6O7- V: CI COHN/
SELTZER
DONALD R.SPADARO as Li i
mt
ed
Gu rinfr
ada O ANTHON CAM VEL ,
V
G
Pl ntf,
ai i
M.
CI O F M I
TY
RAMAR,et ,etal,
c.
.
Def
endant
s.
/
O RDER G RANTI DEFENDANTS PI
NB
ERSO N.M ANTESTA.A ND G UESS'M OTI N
O
T6 DI SSCOUNTSXI. V. OFSE
SMI
I XI XV
I
COND AO NDED COMPL NT
AI
THI CAUSE i be or t Coutup Def dan sGeor Pi son (Pi s ',
S
s f e he r on en t
ge er ' er on'
'
)
W ii Man e t CMan e t ) an W ii Gu s (Gu s )( ol t el l t
lam
l
tsa
t s ap, d lam es ' ' es * c l i y ci
l
'
ec v
y
Def dans' Mo i t Dimis Cou t XI , V, d XV o t Sec d Amen
en t' t o s s
) on
n s l XI an
l
f he on
ded
ComplitI 111 (Mo i *.Th Cour h c e ul r i
an DE 1 $ ton ) e
'
t as ar f l evewed t e Mot Pl n i
y
h
i
on, ait
ls
Res s ( 11 )CRes ons ),h Ci Deen t' pl I 1 CRepl',h
pon e DE 9
p e' te t f dans Re y DE 261
y
y' te
)
r or i t case,and i ot
ec d n he
s he- i f l advi i t pr i
se ul
y
sed n he em ses.
1 BACKGROUNDI
.
O n Febr
ual 29,201 t Coud gr ed i pad and deni i par t Ci
2, he
ant n
ed n t he t
y
Def
endant M otpn t Di i Am ended Com pl nt See Febr y 29,201 Or . l
s' i o sm ss
ai .
uar
2 der n
t Febr y 29,2012 O r ,t Cour di i
he
uar
der he
t sm ssed Pl ntl Ant
ai i
hony Car l s
avel
a'
Ccar v l )cai b oug tpu s tt t e Fe al k eerlfu d a Coru t
a el l ms r h r uan o h der Rac et n lenœ nd r p
ap
A f lr t i oft backgr
ul eciaton he
ound oft s case m ay be f
hi
ound i t Coud'
n he
s
Or gr i i pad and denyi i par t Ciy Def
der antng n
ng n t he t
endant Moton t Di is
s' i o sm s
Amended Compl ntand gr i i pad and denyi i pad t BSO Def
ai
antng n
nq n
he
endant
s'
Mo i t Dimis Pl n i Amen Co l n I 99 CF uar 29, 2 Or .
t o s s ait
on
fs
ded mpait DE 1 ebr y 201 deo
Or iat sAc,1 U. C. 1 CRl ' an teeq val tFl i sa ue, a.
ganz i
on t 8 S. j 962 CO', d h ui eh ör tt t Fl
)
da
Sl t â 77 1 ( t Xl- .Th cl ms br gh pur an t t e f er sa u e
a . 2. 03 Coun s I XV) e ai ou t su t o h ed al t t t
I
wer ds s edwi prj ie.Ho v ,h Cou p mied Car el t fl as bn
e imis t eudc
h
we ert e d er t
t
av l o i èc d
a e
amended com pl ntw hi r pl hi cl m s br
ai
ch e- ead s ai
oughtpur
suantt t Fl i RI
o he orda CO
s at e. Car l fl a Second Amended Com pl nton M ar 26,201 See 2d Am .
t ut
avel i
a ed
ai
ch
2.
ComplI 1 71 TheCi Def dans h e n w mo edt dimisPl ni cl ms
.DE 0 .
t en tz av o
y
v o s s ait
fs ai
br
oughtpur
suantt t Fl i RI s at e.
o he orda CO t ut
I.DI
l SCUSSI
ON
A.LegalSk ndar
d.
Un Fed.R, v. 1 b)6 , c sh l an a mot t dimiswh e,
der
Ci P. 2( ( ) a oud algr t
i o s s er
on
based upon a di
sposii i
tve ssue ofI t f t al i oft com pl ntcannot
aw, he ac ual l
egatons he
ai
su od t a s
pp he s eded c s o ac i Gl erv. gg tGm . I .45 F. 1 04,1
au e f t
on. ov
Li et
. nc , 9 3d 3
308
( 1h Ci. 06) Ideed, l t al l at mu tbe enou t r s a rgh t r if
1 t r 20 . n
uqac u al i
eg ons s
gh o aie i t o el
e
abo e t e s ult e I el BelAt.Cor v.
v h pec a i ev . l l p. Twombl,5 U. 5 555 ( 007)
v
p
y 50 S. 44,
2 .
Thus,a com pl ntm ustcont n ' ci f ual aqer are ed as tue, o 't e a
ai
ai '
sul ent act m
, -Apt
r t s at
cl m t r i t i pl bl on i f ' Ashcr v.I ,556 U. 662,1 S.Ct
ai o el hat s ausi e
ef
t ace.'
s
oq cbal
S.
29
.
1 7,1 49 (
93 9 2009)( ot g Twombl 550 U. at570 .
qu i
n
y,
S.
)
Nonet ess,a com pl ntm ustbe l al constued,assum i t f s al
hel
ai
i
ber l
y
r
ng he act l
eged
t ei as tue and dr ng aIr
her n
r
awi l easonabl i er
e nf ences fom t
r hose f s i t pl ntf s
ad n he ai i
f . Twombl 550 U. at555. A com pl ntshoul notbe di i
avor
y,
S.
ai
d
sm ssed si pl because
m y
t coud i doublul hatt pl ntf w i be abl t pr aIoft necessar f ual
he
s
t he ai i l
l
e o ove I he
y ad
2
Def
endant Ant
s hony Fantgr and Jenie di notmove t di ss t
i assi
d
o smi he
Fl i RI cl m s and i ead 5I an answer See DE 112.
orda CO ai
nst
ed
.
2
.
..
ty
).
)
.
r
'
-
y
..
:
/
E
'
!
.
1
,
f
ë
.
(
.
. #
.(
-)
-
al i
l ons. I Accor ngl a welpl
egat
d.
di y,
l eaded com pl ntwi su- i a m oton t di i
ai l
l
ve
i o sm ss
'?
)
î
t
@
-
.
'
:
7
'
'even i i appear t a r
'
'
ft
s hat ecovel i ver r ot and unlk y.' I at556.
s y em e
iel ' d.
'
?
,
B.Ci lRI (
vi CO Coun/ XIIXVI
I-
:
Car v l b igs RI camspur u t o FI St t j 772. 03 ( -4)agaiq
a el rn
a
CO li
s an t a a .
1 2)4
nt
)
(
'
.
Def
endant Pi son,M ant a,Guess,Fantgr ,and Jenne 3 The Ciy Def
s er
est
i assi
t
endaht
s
.
ar t t RI cl m s shoul be di i
gue hat he CO ai
d
sm ssed f f l e t s at a cl m because
or aiur o t e
ai
Carv l h f l f pl df t whihsu
a el as ai p ea acs c ppodhi cai Moi a 2.Special
a
ed
s l ms. ton t
fc l
y,
1
(
,y
)t
t
teCi Dee d nsc ne dta Caa el h salg dis lce talg t n
h t .n a t o tn h t rv l a l e nu in l ai s
y f
a
e
e o
.
,.
,
:.,
()
:j
)'
j
,
'
. .
r ar ng a pat o r k t er a t t K a 3 5, d t atCar el ha f l t
eg di
tem f ac e e i c i y, t - an h
ng vi
av l s ai o
a
ed
'
al an ent rse. I at5- Car l opposes t M oton,ar ng t he has
l
ege
em i d.
6. avel
a
he
i
gui hat
adequat y al
el l
eged t exi ence ofbot ent rses and associ i i f
he st
h em i
aton-n-act
ent prses. Response at5. Car l al poi s outt t s Cour aleady
er i
avel so nt
a
hat hi
t r
det m i t he had adequat y al
er ned hat
el l
eged an ent prse. I Fi l Car l
er i d. nal
y, avel
a
cont
ends t he has adequat y al
hat
el l
eged bot openh
ended and cl
osedended paqem s
ofcrm i adi t I at10.
i nal viy. d.
Fl Sttj 7 1 pr i tat
a. a. 72.03 ovdes h :
I i unl ulf any per
t s aM
or
son:
( Thr gha p ter ofc i n a t t or hr ght e c l on o an u aM ul
2) ou
a t n rmial c i y t ou h ol
vi
edi f nl
deb , o ac r o man ai di tyoridi c l an it es i orc tol an
t t qui r it n, r l n r t y ner t n on r od y
e
ec
e y,
en er ie orr pr e* .
t pr
s
eal op
i
)
.
7
( )Empo ed b oras ocat wi an en er ie t c ndu orp cp e,
3
ly y,
s i ed t y t pr o o d
h,
s
adiiat
y
:.
t
1
3
CountXI a cl m br
V, ai oughtpur
suantt Fl St t j 7 1 2 i a n t
o a a . 72.03( ) s gais
De en t Pi s , Mant t Guess,and Fantgr onl
f dan s eron
es a,
i assi y.
.
3
yC
t
)y
yr
t
ry
j
j
2
/
b
%
'
-.
.
t
y
j
i
'
r
Eé
)
(
-)
:/
)
.
k
,)
q)
(
.
t
)r
;)
)'
7
y
tl
)
t
r
r
-
.
'
'
.
.
'
.t
..
.
.E
(
'
.
.
)
t
i
.
p
è
t
.
,
.
i
)
dr tyoridie t i su ent pr et oughap t no cr n adii orte
ecl n rcl n ch er i hr
y,
s
ater f i al vt h
mi
y
)
:)
(
t:
),
,
!
7
y
)
col ton ofan unl uldebt
l l
ec
aM
.
.
t
y
.
:
:
(
() oc n pr o e d a o t voaea yo tepo iin o s be o ()
4 T o s i r n é v ro ilt n fh rv o s f u s din 1,
e
s
.
)
.l
y(.
tt
.
.
:
)
)
,
;
t
j
s bs t ( , s bs ton ( )
u eci 2) or u ec i 3 .
on
t
)
.
jL
jy
j
)
)y
k
-
.
.
)t
à
.)
è
$
.
)
-
Fa Sa. 7 2.0 ()4) Tos c e sul bigaRI cam, pani mu t
l. ttj 7 1 3 2-4 . u c s fl r
y n
CO li a lit s
f
t
est i bot a RI ent prse and a ' t n ofr
abl
sh h
CO
er i
' er
pat
acket i actviy. Jackson v.
eerng i t '
'
Bel t Telc
l h e omms.372 F.d 1
sou
,
3 250,1 64 ( t Ci. 4)4
2 11h r 200 .
.
,
.
'
1.Car l has Adenuat v Al
avel
a
el l
eged an Ent orse.
er i
q
ï
L
j
,
'()
'
;
)
T
.
r
t
.
.
.
The Ciy Def
t
endant ar t Car l has f l t pl an ent rse
s gue hat avel
a
ai o ead
ed
em i
.
:r
.t
t.
f
.
b
-y
tj
j
:
.
j
t
.
e a s ' erl a s digta idvdu l mc r c n prdwi o ea oh d e n t
c u e ' ey s e n h tn ii a o es o s i t n n ter o s o
I
ml
e h
'g
))
)
..
sum ci l al an ent prse undera RI cl m . M oton at5- They al assed
enty l
ege
er i
CO ai '
' i
6.
so
ta Carv l fi t ade t yal anenemr e b au e h f l t i i Rh
h t a el al o quael l
a s
ege
t i ec s e ai o dent e
s
s
N
specii r es f each oft Ciy Ofi s i t ent prse,a r r enti a case
fc ol or
he t fcer n he er i
equiem
n
'
'
j
(
..
i olig m uli e def
nv vn
tpl
endant ' I at6.
s. d.
'
,
@
A RI ent prse exit ' e a gr ofper
CO
er i
s s wher
oup
sons associ es, or al or
at f m l
y
if m al ,wih t pur
n or l t he pose ofconductng il actviy. Jack
y
i l
egal i t '
'
son,372 F. at1264
3d
i.
:
j
'
4
Fl i j RI I js i or ed by case I i er etng t f alRI
ordas CO aw i nf m
aw nt pr i he eder CO
sat t .. whi Chaper77 i pa t ne 'J k on, 2 F. at1 ( ot
t ue .on ch
t 2 s ter d. ac s 37 3d 263 qu i
'
ng
J esv. i s 1 F. 89 91 ( 1hCi.99 (neral i tonomie ) Bec s
on
Chl , 8 3d 9, 0 1 t r1 4) it n ct i
der
a
t dl. au e
t
' orda couds oqen I t t Feder RI deci ons f gui
' i
Fl
ook o he
al CO
si or dance i i er etng and
n nt pr i
ap yn t e a , Fl So> ar Sy .Ic. .Colm ba HcA Heal ar Cor , F.
plig h dl a.
)
e s. n v u i/
t e p.46
hc
Su cl m2 i equalyM. i a.999hei st ey i weaqpl t tepl ni 'ed al
pp.
FI e , e
ls
RI 2d 1s s 1 4l appl 1 t t tr analss cl m s po h ait f er
CO ai 76, 28 ( D.cabl o ) h at RI
CO al y
)
)
1 63 64 (n er al o a i mars omi ) s alo AICar Nu sn Ser .Ic. .Hi
2 - it n qu t ton k
oed ; ee s I e r ig v. n v ah
Tec Stmno Sers. I . 13 F. 7 7 ( 1h Ci. 9 CFl i s RI sat t
h a
v . nc , 5 3d 40, 45 1 t r1 98) or
da' CO t ues
ha e c ssen l b it p e ed usn f al CO cai c es. Bodelv. hi
v on it t een n er r t
y
ig eder RI l m as '
);
l W t
e
Moun ai I s Gr .L d. 2 So. 1 41 1 ( a.Dit Ct Ap 200 CBec s t e
t ns n . p. t ,
3d 0 , 047 FI i . . p. 9)
au e h
;
t
q
t
i
.
è
1
(' '
1
.
)
.
y
.
.
)
'
)
l
t
):
)
)
)è
è
)
j
?
)
,
).
Jackson,372 F. at
3d
Fl i RI Acti paoer aqert f alact Fl i I
orda CO
s
ned
he eder
, orda ooks t f alaut ies i
o eder
hort n
i
c tui i o RI s a u e-)
onsr ng t wn CO t t t n.
s
.
.
.
.
4
f
'
.
.'y '
.
)
):
;
j
r
,
i
t(
j
y
.
)
.
.
.
.
.
7(
.'
y
J
.
t..
.
:
.
r'
t
t
:
t
y
.
).t
'y
i
;
?
)
.
.
..'
-
.
.
.r
y:
y
yfh.
-):
.'
y
:
g
t
;
.
ï
-
. ..
( ot g Uni d Stt v He
qu i
n
t aes . wes, 29 F. 1 2,1 1( 1hCi,984).TheFl i
e
7
2d 30 31 1 t r1 )
or
da
RI st ut desnes ' nt prse'as ' ny i vi , sol pr i or p,padner p,
CO at e
' er i ' ' ndi dual e opret shi
e
a
shi
com or i busi
aton, ness tust uni chader undert I oft s st e, orot I
r , on
ed
he aws hi at
her egal
entt orany unchader uni as aton, orgr ofi vi s associ ed i f
iy,
ed on, soci i
oup ndi dual
at n act
alhough nota l entt and t t m i udes il tas welas I tent prses and
t
egal iy;
he er ncl
lci
i
l i
ci er i
gover ent .as wel as ot ,enttes. Fl St . j77 1 3 .
nm al
l
her ii ' a. at
2.02()
Her t Coud has aleady f
e, he
r
ound i is Febr
nt
ual 29, 2012 O r t Car l
der hat avel
a
adequat y al
el l
eged a RI ent prse.The Coud pr ousl f
CO er i
evi y ound t Car l had
hat avel
a
adequat y al
el l
eged t t BSO and t Ci ofM iam arPol Depadmentar
hat he
he t
y
r
i
ce
e
ent prses undert RI st ut Febr y 29,2012 O r at49. Addii l t
er i
he CO at e.
uar
der
tonal he
y,
Coudrj t teprciear men tatteCi Def dansonc agai r s h e,.
eeced h e s gu t h h t en t e n aie er i
y
e.
t al i ofconspiacy do notsuppor an associ i i f ent rse. 1 a 5
hat l ons
egat
r
t
aton-n-ad
em i
Z t 0.
The Ciy Def
t
endant al ar
s so gue,f t second tm e,t Ki st v. M ier Canfel
or he
i
hat vi o
l .
l
i d.
Paddock & St
one.PLC,413 Fed.
Appx.136, 1 ( t Ci. 09) an u
39 11h r 20 , npubl h
i ed
s
El
event Cicui deci on,r r t Car l i iy t specii r es ofeach
h r t
si equies hat avel dentf he
a
fc ol
def
endanti t ent prse t st e a RI cl m . As t Coud aleady hel , t Ci
n he er i o at
CO ai
he
r
d he t
y
Def
endant r i
s' el
ance on Ki s o v.M ier Cansel . Paddock & St
vit
l .
l
d
one.PLC ,
413 Fed.
App 1 6,1 ( t Ci. 09) f t i pr osto i mipl ed. I Kiit t c d
x. 3 39 11h r 20 , or hs op i n s s ac
i
n vso, he ou
di
scussed t hei ened pl ng st
he ght
eadi andar f RI cl m s based on wie ormai
d or CO ai
r
l
faud. 413 Fed.Appx.at139. The El
r
event Cicui hel onl t RI cl m s based
h r t d y hat CO ai
onwi ormaifa mus as c ywi Feder Rul ofCiiPr - u e 9( '
r
e
l r ud t lo ompl t
h
al e
vl or r b)
s
h ghen pe n s an d.% (I a c s i olig mut e def dan s t e
ei t ed ladig t dar
'n a e nv vn
'
lpl en t , h
i
com pl ntm ustnotI p t heraIoft def
ai
um oget
I he endant , as t com pl ntshoul i or
s
he
ai
d nf m
5
t
.
'
.
each def
endantoft nat e ofhi al
he ur
s l
eged padi paton i t faud.n (
ci i n he r
j emph i
ass
.
ad ,n er al o at mars omie . Her be au e t e pr c e a t al ed i
ded' t n qu t i
i
on k
t d)
t
e, c s h ediat c s l
eg n
t Am ended Com pl ntdo noti ve faud, t hei ened pl ng st
he
ai
nvol r
he ght
eadi
andar
d
-
)
.
',
di
scuss i Ki st i i
ed n vi o s
5
nappl e. Thus,because t al i i t Second
i
cabl
he l ons n he
egat
(.
.
$.
.
'(
;
Am ended Com pl ntr di t exit
ai egar ng he s ence ofan ent prse ar unchanged fom t
er i e
r he
Amen Complit t Co rj t t e Ci De en tsa
ded
an ,he ud e ecs h t f dan ' qemp t r liat t s
y
t o e-ig e hi
t
i
ssue.
f
t
'
j
)'
'1
L.
ï
''
(
2
.
.
2*Car l has Fai t Adeguat y Al a Pater ofRacket i Ac i t .
avel
a
l o
ed
el l
ege
t n
eerng tvi
y
.
.
.
.
.
.
'
'
'
L
.
;
.
The Ciy Def
t
endant ar t Car l has f l t Rl an opens gue hat avel
a
ai o l
ed
ege
ended
p ter ort r to c t ed r k t i a t t fom t e Ci Omc s Moton at4.
a t n h ea f on i
nu ac e eer c i y r h T
ng vi
er
i
(
r
.
)
.
Specii l t Ci Def
fcal he t
y,
y endant cont t an opens
end hat
ended paqer ofr
n acket i
eerng
,
actviy cannotexi when none oft def
it
st
he endant contnue t wor f t al
s
i
o k or he l
eged
enem r e.Ma Th Ci De en t alo ar t tCar v l h f l t al a
t i
s
e t f dan s s gue ha
y
a el as ai o l
a
ed
ege
i
@
5
Th Ci De en t ar e t ata par a o t e Sec d Amen d
e t f dan s gu h
k
agr ph f h
on
de
(
tei an wh edem onsaaes tsta te lTs ale d ns cat l tl ovi aeaud
Cormlit er CaaelatlghatCarh CiiDeegi apr Yrue ad sjc ne ld
hmpi
rv lr l e h tavela l n t a duen nvolc f
e
f ng edi
sconducr
t
ng r
M oton at6 & nn. 5- ( in 2d.
i
6 ct g Am.
i
Comp . 1 .The Cou diagr As
l% 53)
d s ees.
)
.
j
y
Caav l q nsou , argr 15 al est tCarv l i enie t t l j o te
r el oit t p a aph 3 l ha a el s tld o oln f h
a
eg
a
t
i
#
st ut ofI i i be muse t Def
m at
he endant faudul l c
sr
enty onceal t rm l
ed hei scondud .
Rat e l t ons
esponse at3. The pr cat act upon w hi t RI cl ms ar pr i
edi e s
ch he CO ai
e em sed,
)
E
voain o Fa. ttj 9 42 a d9 81 , n 1 U. C. 1 2b()d n t
i lt s f l Sa. j 1 .2 n 1 .3 a d 8 S. j 51 ()3, o o
i o
l
n ov fau Th e or t e h ght ed pea n s an d o Rul 9( )t att e
v le r d. er f e, h ei en l dig t dar f e b h h
t
9 F. p.7 , 9n. ( N..99 (idijta b aus pl ni r id on
91 Sup 01 71 26 D. J1 8) fn n h t ec e ait el
f e
T
El
event Cicui appl i Ki st i i
h r t
i n vi o s nappl e t t s case. See M r v.Carng.I ,
ed
i
cabl o hi
uz
i nc.
)
,
volton of1 U. C. 1 2 as pr c e a t I cvl CO cl m, our n no
i a i s 8 S. j 51
ediat cs n iiRI ai c t eed t
appy Rue 9( ,s hei t ed pl n san d)
l l b) gh en eadig t dar
'
'
(
.
.
)
L
.
:
;
.
t
.
6
'4
4j'
14
j*
1
4
..
ç,
.
.t
(.
?
t
'
'
L,
y.
t
F) '
't
j
.
y,
y
t
''
(.
)
t
(
â
!
j
4
)
q
!.
)
:
,
(
)
j
.
'
;
:
:
.
cl
osedended paqer ofr
n acket i ac i t becaus t Second Am ended Com pl nt
eerng tvi
y
e he
ai
t
.t
;
(
)
,.
y
.
al
l
egesonl ' si e scheme byt Ci Omcer f
y ' ngl
a
he t
y
s
ocused excl vel on pi ng a
usi y
nni
t
'
)
#
#
:
.
t
#
crm e upon t Pl ntf and t faudul l concealng t ral
i
he ai i
hen r
ent
y
i hei l
eged wr uladi ,''
ongf
ons
'
)
l
'
.
1
(
..
k
:-
l a 4 5. I o osion, a el ar est at o esabl h open ende c n i i , he
i t - n pp t Car v l gu h t t i
i
a
s
- d o tnut
y
need onl est i t t Ciy ofM iam arPol Deparm enti '
y abl hat he t
sh
r
i
ce
t
s'
conduded i a
n
m annert poses a t eatofI t m r
hat
hr
ong-er acket i actvi , and nott PI
eerng i t
y
hat ERSON,
MANTESTA,and GUESS,
who wer padi pant and com m i pr cat ac s agai t
e
ci s
qed edi e t
ns
,
-. k
. .
CARAVELG ,per
sonal contnue t pose a I t m t eatp Responie at1 13.
l
y
i o
ong-er hr
2'
.
Car l al cont
avel so
a
endst ' si e scheme may meett contnuiyr r
hat' ngl
a
he
i t equiementii
ft
' oeds it t e f t e wi a t r tofr et i ' ! a 1
pr j n o h u ur t h ea ep ion- Z t 4.
h
t *
'
.
Tosu r s ul alge a pa t n o r k eern ac ii a pl n i mu tc ge
r As f l l
y e
ter f ac et ig t k, ait
v
f s har
j
(
.
j
!
t at ( )t e de en t c
h : 1 h f dan s ommied G o ormor pr dia e acswi n a t y artm:
t
t
e e ct t t
hi en- e i
(
'
(
s ;()te pr c eacswer r at t pn anoh ; d ()t prdiaeads
pan 2 h ediat t e el ed o e teran 3 he e c t
1
(
dem onstat crm i condud ofa contnui nat e. Jackson,372 F.3d at1264;Fl
r ed i nal
i ng ur
a.
;
l
Stt j7 1 24 .B p t al n aRI vi at ma de sr ec tn t o er
a . 72.0 4) A ary l g CO ol i
egi
on y mon tat oniui v
y
y
a cl ed perod by pr ng a seres ofr at pr cat ez endi overa subst i
os
i
ovi
i
el ed edi es
ng
antal
7
per o t fAm. t As ' v. gna Cor , F. d 1 3,1 ( t Ci. 0)
i fi
od me.
Den al sn Ci
D. 605 3 28 291 11h r 201
i
( ot H..I . Nw. l . , 2 U. 229, ( 9 )
qu i
ng J nc v. BelTelCo.49 S. 242 1 89).
l tnut
' i i
Con
y'sbo h a co ed an open end c ep ,r erig ei ert a
'i t ls - d
- ed onc t ef r
n t o
h
cos d p id ofr ea ed c dud, t p tc du tt atb i n u e pr j
I e ero
ep t on
or o as on c h y t at r oeds
s
i o t f ur wih a t eatofr ion
nt he ut e t hr
epett
i
A p al n a RI volton
a* l g
egi
CO i a i
y
)
j
t
)
$
pr cat ext ng overà subs antalperod oftm e.... O qeh a RI ac i
edi es endi
t i
l
i
CO ton
wi be br
l
l
oughtbef e contnui can be est i
or
i t
y
abl
shed i t s way. I such cases,
n hi
n
I
i
abit depends on whet t t eatofcontnui i dem ons r ed.
ly
i
her he hr
i t s
y
tat
)
)
. . . .
maydemon taec tnui ov acls q i bypo ngas iso r ae
srt oni t er o ed er
y
od rvi ere f eltd
)
)
t
f
J k o 3 F.d at1 65 ( otn H..I .49 U. a 24142) W h e RI
ac s n, 72 3
2 qu ig J nc , 2 S. t - . er CO
t
t
'
.
7
t
j
:
2E
)
(;
y#
)
ri
l'
s
:7.
t.
):
'
-
'
..
-
.
)
/
al i concer onl $ si e schem e wih a di et goal'cours have r us t
l ons
egat
n y ' ngl
a
t
scr e
t
ef ed o
j'
fnd a cl edi
os ended paoer ofr
n acket i . J a 1 67 ( t c e ) To esabl h
eerng à t 2 cing as s .
i
t i
s
openended contnuiy,a pl nt m ustest i t t pr cat ad s wer t
i t
ai f
abl hat he edi e
sh
e he
ent prse' Megul way ofdqi busi 'ort eat r ii i t f ur .
er i s r ar
ng
ness' hr en epetton n he ut e
Jack
son,372 F. at1
3d
265.
I t Febr y 29,201 Or ,t Coud f
n he
uar
2 der he
ound taatCar l had f l t
h
avel
a
ai o
ed
al an openl
ege
ended pater ofr et i actviy '
t n ack eerng i t ' e none oft def
wher
he endant
s
nam ed i t RI cl m s stlwor f t al
n he CO ai
i
l k or he l
eged ent prses * Febr
er i
ua? 29,201
2
.
O r at53. Thus,t Coud gr ed t Motons t Di i as t t ci lRI
der
he
ant he
i o sm ss
o he vi CO
count butafor Car l t oppoduniyt r pl hi Fl i RI cl ms.
s,
ded
avel he
a
t o e- ead s orda CO ai
Car l asseds t i hi Second Am ended Com pl nt he has al
avel:
hat n s
ai ,
l
eged an openended pater ofr
t n acket i ac i t because 'he Br
eerng tviy
'
t
owar Sherf s O#i and t
d
i
ce
he
M iam arPol Depadm ent t ' er i 'have f i
r
i
ce
, he ent prses,
unctoned as contnui unis.'
i ng t
Response at10. Car l al ar
avel so gues t t e was a t eatofcontnued
a
hat her
hr
i
r
acket i ac i t because even i Def
eerng tviy
f endant Pi son,M ant a,and G uess wer
s er
est
e
no I
ongerem pl
oyed by t Ciy ofM iam ar t wer '
he t
r
, hey
e'
associ ed wih/t ent prsé.
at
t he er i
l (in Fl Stt j77 1 3) Thsi prciel t ar mén t tte Coudrj
Z ct g a. a . 2.034). i s e s y he gu t ha h
i
eeded
i is Febr
nt
ual 29,201 Or . See Febr y 29,2012 O r at52- .
2 der
uar
der
53
Her,h Co rra msta Caa el h sfidt alg ac niu dtra o
e te ute mr h t rv l a al o l e o t e he t f
a
e
e
n
r et i wher Def
ack eerng
e endant Pi son,M ant a,and Guess no I
s er
est
ongerwor f t
k or he
Ci ofMi
T
r
amarPol e Depadmen . I St fs I e t tCor v. s 3 F.
i
c
t n arih pv s men
p. Han en, 70
Su 2d 75 7 78 ( D.1 2005 ,he Nodh n Dititofli sf d t tt e
pp.
9, 77- N. 1.
1
)t
er s rc lnoi oun ha h
l
pl nt# had f l t al a t eatofr ii oft pr cat act sum ci t
ai i
ai o l
ed
ege hr
epetton he edi e s
ent o
8
X
.
.
''
'
4
.
1
.,;
.
.
'
'
;
.
(
)
)
7
est i an openabl
sh
ended paqer ofr
n acket i ac i t wher t com pl ntal
eerng tvi
y
e he
ai l
eged
t t ent prse' rngl
hat he er i s i eaderwas i cer ed t s ve a G o yearsent e and no
ncar at o er
enc
t..
pr cat act had occured si hi i cer i . 370 F.Supp.2d at777- see
edi e s
r
nce s ncar aton
78;
al Fl r cs I ' P. .I v.Covas,327 F. Supp. 93 93 ( D.1.2 4)
so extoni ntl A. nc.
2d 4. 6 N. 1 00
1
( dig not eato r t i and t s no op - de con i t wh e t e ac s d n
sn n
hr f epe ion
t
hu
en en d t y er h cu e o
nui
è
(
.
.
I ger k f t plit .
on wored orhe ani B
m
Addii l t Second Am ended Com pl ntal cont ns i
tohal he
y,
ai so
ai nsum ci
ent
al
l i t t r
egatons hat he acket i actviyw as t Ci ofM iam arPol Depadments
eerng i t
he t
y
r
i
ce
'
r arway ofdoi busi
egul
ng
ness. See Jackson, 372 F. at1265. Forexam pl t
3d
e, he
Second Am ended Com pl ntal
ai l
eges t Def
hat endant Pi son, Mant a,and Guess
s er
est
q
'
.
..
( on wi Def
al g t endan An hon Fan i a sient e it a c s r y 'o f brc t an
h
t t y t s ) er d no on pi t a ia e d
gr
ac
t perwih evi
am
t
dence...t know i y m ake and pr
o
ngl
esentf se am davis, f se
al
t al
docum ent f se r
s, al epods and ot f se evi
her al
dence whi caus t i dm entagai
ch
ed he ndi
nst
ANTHONY CAM VELG t be ent ed on Januar 11, 1 4. 2d Am.Compl$ 25 ,
o
er
y
98 *
. 7.
s e alo 2 Am.
e s d
çompl5 2 273 Th cr xof hs c s r y c t sar d t e
. 68, . e u t i on piac :n er oun h
unl ulconvi i and i c aton ofCar l . No wher do Count XIIXV al
aM
cton
ncar er i
avel
a
e
s Il
ege
j
'
j
6
Th Couta kn wldge t a t e El en h Ci uihas h d t tev
e r i o e s h t h ev t r t
c
el ha en
w her t per
e he sonnelofan ent prse shi overtm e, t enemr emaysi di ly
er i
qs
i
he t i
s
tl spa
l
c t t See Uni St t v.Chur 95 F. 68 69 ( t Ci 1 ) I
on i y.
nui
t aes
ed
ch, 5 2d 8, 8 11h r 992 . n
.
Chur h wev ,h c k n edtatc tn t wa e t l edbec s Xal
ch, o erte ou ot h oniui s sabi
y
sh
au e s
p cp t Iq t e enemr e, t sj n e bec n iv ve i mut e
adiian s e h t i o her oied, ach omig n ol d n lpl
s
i
as eds o t e en em r e. % Her t Sec d Amende Compl nt s no n
p
fh t i '
s
e,he on
d
ai doe t ame
t
t
'
,
.
l
any ot m em ber oft Ci ofM iam arPol e Depadm entent prse ot t
her
s he t
y
r
i
c
er i
her han
Def
endant Pi son,M ant t and G uess. Because none oft
s er
es a,
hese Def
endant ar stl
s e i
l
em pl ed by t C'y ofM iam arPol Depadmentand no u
oy
he I
t
r
i
ce
new*m em ber bft
s he
ent prse ar nam ed,Car l has f l t est i
er i e
avel
a
ai o abl
ed
shed a t eatofr ii sum ci
hr
epetton
ent
t es abl an openo t i
sh
ended pater ofr et i ad i t .
t n ack eerng
viy
)
(
.
)
è
è
)
.
g
)
'
(
,c
'
'
t'
('
:
t
k
i
;
!.L
''
..
)
L
t
. '..i7 ë.-î: k;s â
'. ;
, t :. .. '
..
..
..
' '
...
.
'
:' '
: .
.. '.h ' E .
.. . .. .
.
;)
Lj
Lè
$
)
$
- '-1
' ':i (
'L
@
'
1
.'
.
(
'
t a ter k tern a vt te Ci
h t h ac ee ig dii h t
y
t
)
.
y De end s en ged i i t Ci ofMi
f ant ga
n s he t
y
r
amar
'
y
'
)
'
,
'
Pol e Depadm ents r arway ofdoi busi . See 2 Am.ComplW 25127 7
i
c
egul
ng
ness
d
.
- 8.
L
(
)
?
..
.
'
'
.
.E
Ac or n y, a el ha f l t esabl hanop en pa no r k eern
c digl Carv l s ai o t i
a
ed
s
en- ded qer f ac et ig
,
ac ii bydemonstatng t t al
tvt
y
r i hat he l
eged pr cat adswer t GiyofMiamarPol
edi e
e he t
r
i
ce
Depadm ents r arway ofdoi busi
j egul
ng
ness. See Moon v. Hari Pi na SuDDI 465
rson Di
y,
':
F. d 71 7 ( t Ci. 6)( mig dititc r dim is o ciiRI cl m on
3 9, 27 6 h r 200 amr n s r ours s s al f vl CO ai
c
g oun t atpl n i h f l t al op - ded c tn k wher pl n i pe
r ds h ait ad ai o l
l
ed
ege en en
on iui
e ait lad
l
t at'o n if ma i an b i , ormor memb sof h en er ie enga i
h Il n or t
on d el one
vf
e
er t e t pr
s
ged n
si l act t defaud ot per
mi
ar s o r
her sons oft rworer compensàton beneft because
hei k s'
i
i
s'
sever i dent ofsi i conduc di notsuppod ' st atc t eatofongoi
alnci s
ml
ar
t d
sy em i hr
ng
fau ) Gi i o v. t ,399 F. 381 391( s Ci. 05 ( m r n t e diti
r d/; ul
an Ful
on
3d ,
1 t r 20 ) a mig h srd
coud' fndi t t e was no opens i ng hat her
ended contnui because t u ended
i t
y
he am
com pl ntdi notal
ai d
l a specii t eatofr ii ex endi i i t y i o t
ege
fc hr
epetton t ng ndefni nt he
el
f ur nordi i al t t r et i act wer a pad oft def
ut e,
dt l
ege hat he ack eerng s
e
he endant r ar
s' egul
way ofdoi busi
ng
ness'wher i ead t am ended com pl ntal
'
e nst
he
ai l
eged t 'he
hat '
t
1
Cou tXlIal st tte Ci Deen t h eu age i a
n II l ha h t f dans av eng d n
eje
y
conspiacy t f t and f lat t afais oft ent rs condud t ough a
r o urher
aclt e he
i
r
he em ie
hr
paoer ofcrm i actvi ofw hi CARAVELG i butone vi i .' 2 Am.
n
i nal i t
y.
ch
s
dm 'd
261.
Comql1
.1
However t s cause ofadi cont ns no el aton aboutt
, hi
on
ai
abor i
hese ot yi l s
her ctm
l hi r
n s esponse, Car el ct s al at s r gar ng t e Ci o Mi
.
av l i l i e di h T f r
a e eg on
amarPol e
i
c
Depadm ents teat entofI Ki
' r m
an ssooni ,Chi t Ham m onds, Cor i Gr and
al quia
nelus een
J
y
(
j
f
Maqei Qur a aeain wiiteS c n Ame ddCo litht shme
cura i s lgt s t nh eo d ne mpanta a ce
t e
o h
'
L'
i
)
t
2
(
.
,
exse wi nte Deqa
itd t h
hi
dmen t cl e un oledc eswi t es orsi l
to os s v as t h ame mi
h
ar
mehvs,tie rphl46Canvia rostnitt1 (iiRId.c unsmp.N 1 6e)
toeruizga an t ir tn .Reaod eat4cvig2 Am.t l! 4 ().
d Pardag 1 s a el op r e s o h ct CO o Co
la
s o l
p n e in
Ho
c
l
M we
251
2 Am.Compl
d
.
.)
r)
:
:
?
è'
1
#'
i)
'
i
.
y
)
.
265,271.By contas ,al i r di si l teat
r t l ons egar ng mi r mentofJery Fr
egat
ar
r ank
Townsend,Fr Lee Smih,Ti hy Br
ank
t mot
own,JohnW ood,and Pet Dal byt BSO
er l
as he
7)
(
9
,
Def
endant ar i
s e ncom or ed i o t ci lRI count .
at nt he vi CO
s
10
.
.
% I 1 , 512 5 2 .
N 412 , 6 , 71
t
)
t
:)
:
.
t
-
t
j
y
.
.
.
,
qq
y
;
,
.j
y(y
t
y
.
.
.
jy
y
j
r
p
(,
..
l
y
',
.i
ï
t
r
k
.,
j
i
.
r k t ig adii wasf u ed on t e snguarobe t e* c Foul en wh t e
ac eeern
vt
y
oc s
h i l j c i whih
v
d d en h
s h wa achev )
c eme s i ed .
Fi l t Ciy Def
nal he t
y,
endant cont t Car l has notsum ci l al
s
end hat vela
enty l
eged a
cos œ nd pa n d r k eern ac ii be aus h u es n pl an i mor
l ed ed oer f ac et ig tvt c e e do ot ead #hng e
y
t a si e schem e by t Ciy Om cer f
han ngl
he t
s ocused excl vel on pi ng a crm e upon
usi y
nni
i
t Pl ntl and t faudul l conceal t ral
he ai i
hen r
enty
i hei l
ng
èged w r uladi untlt
ongf
ons i he
char agai tt Pl ntf wer di i .' Moton at4- ' ai i cont st he
ges
ns he ai i
e sm ssed ' i
6. Pl ntl
est hat
hasal
l
eged onl a' ngl scheme'becaus t Sec Ameqded Compl ntcont ns
y ' e
si
'
e he ond
ai
ai
al
l i t 'he goaloft i vi
egatons hat '
t
he ndi dualDef
endant was t cl cases, by any
s
o ose
m eans,f t pur
or he pose ofpr otons and
om i
pl Car l has f l t adequat y pl a cl - ended paoer ofr
ead avel
a
ai o
ed
el ead osed
n acket i
eerng
actviy,butwil
it
lalor Car l one 5naIoppoduniy t r - pl hi Fl i RI
d avel
a
t o e ead s orda CO
cl m s.
ai
11 CONCLUSI N
1.
O
Based on t f egoi , ii ORbERED AND ADJUDGED asf l
he or ng ts
ol
ows:
Deen t Geore Pi s Cpi s ) W ii Mane t CManesa/, and
f dans
g eron eron', lam
l
tsa
t t)
W ii Gu s CGues ' (ol t el ' T Deen t* Moi t Dimis
lam es '
l
s' c l i y '
) ec v Ci f dans) t o s s
on
Cou sXIIXI and XV of h Sec d Amend Compl n I 1 1i
nt I, V,
t e on
ed
ait DE 11 s
GRANTED;
2.
Cou t XIIXI andXV ofheSec dAmend Compl n ar DI SàED
ns I, V,
t
on
ed
ait e SMI
WI
THOUT PREJUDI ast Def
CE
o endant Pi son, Mant a,and Guess onl
s er
est
y;
and
3.
Pl nt# m ay 5I a Thid Am ended Com pl nton orbef e August3, 2012.
ai i
e
r
ai
or
DONE AND O RDERED i
n
ti #dy fu ,02hmbraFdLu ra ,rw rC uf,
h a oJl21Ca es to a dl Boad on
y .
e
Fl i
orda,
,
*
JAME 1 COHN
.
Unl
* 1 * s Di rotJudge
lt i
Copi pr ded t counsel r d vi CM/ .
es ovi o
of ecor a
ECF
12
Disclaimer: Justia Dockets & Filings provides public litigation records from the federal appellate and district courts. These filings and docket sheets should not be considered findings of fact or liability, nor do they necessarily reflect the view of Justia.
Why Is My Information Online?