Pershing LLC v. Checa Curi
Filing
31
ORDER denying 9 Amended Motion for Preliminary Injunction. Signed by Chief Judge Federico A. Moreno on 2/27/2013.(mmd)
UNI
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT FOR THE
CT
SOUTHERN DI
STRI OF FLORI
CT
DA
M i m iD i s on
a
vi i
Cas Num be 1 62449- V- ORENO
e
r: 2CI M
PERSHW G LLC,
Pli it
antfl
VS.
J
OSE ANTONI CHECA CURI
O
,
Def nda .
e nt
/
ORDER DENYI M OTI FO R PRELI I
NG
ON
M NARY I
NJUNCTI
ON
Plitf, rhngLLC,ss e igt e j nt eDe e d n , JoseAnt oChecaCur,fom
an ifPe s i
i e kn o noi h fn a t
oni
ir
purui g hi cli s i a a bir ton pr e di i t Fi ncil l ty Re aor Ag y
s n s am n n r ta i
oc e ng n he na a ndusr
gul t y enc
(( N1A', eAnt oChe Cur v Pes ng,LLC,FI
ç t ' Jos oni ca i . rhi
F1
)
NRA CaeNo 12-03777. Pl ntf
s
ai ifs
.
poston i t tby a tvel ltga i hi c am s i t s f u f sx a a hafm ont i Jo
ii s ha
c i y ii tng s l i n hi or m or i nd
l
hs n se
Ant oChe a Cu v Pe s ng,LLC, Ca eNo.1 20566- V- OREN O, Def ntChe Ctr
oni
c ri . r hi
s
2CI M
enda
ca li
wave hi rg t a bir t Thepa teswe es tt a bir t Chec Cur' c am so J nua y 1
i d s i ht o r ta e.
ri
r e o r ta e
a is l i n a r 5
,
201 be or FI
3 f e NRA whe Perhi , LLC fldt i moi nf rp ei n ij nci n Be a ete
n s ng
ie h s to o r l my nu to . c us h
mi
Cour doesnotfnd Pli ifm e t t sa r , t eCo r d n e temoi nf rij ci erle .
t
i
antf e s he t nda d h u t e is h
to o nun tv eif
THI CAUS c meb f r t Co r u o Plitf' M oi n f rPr l n r lj n to
S
E a e o e he u t p n anifs to o ei ay n u cin
mi
( E. . ) fldo J nua y4 2 1 .
D. No 9 , ie n a r . 0 3
THE COU RT has c i r d t m oton, t r pons a t pe tne pori oft
ons de e he
i he es
e, nd he ri nt tons he
r c d,a bengot r s f ly advie i t pr m ie , i i
e or nd i
he wie ' l
u
s d n he e s s t s
ADJUDGED t t moton i DENI .
hat he i s
ED
1 Bac
. kground
Pe s ng,
rhi LLC i as urtesbr rdeae egit r wiht SEC a ame be ofFI RA .
s ec ii oke - lrr se ed t he
nd
m r N
Pe s ngpr de b o r gee c i a cea a es r i st fna i l gani tonsnai nwi
rhi ovi s r ke a xe uton nd l r nc e vce o i nc a or zai
to de
a wihi Fl rda Asam e
nd t n o i .
mberofFI
NRA, Pe s ng i oblga e t c
r hi s i t d o ompl wih FW lA ' nzes
y t
t s l
a r g a i ,ncudi t FI
nd e ultons i l ng he NRA CodeofAr ta i Pr edur f CusomerDiput . A sa
bir ton oc e or t
s es
c t e ,Pe s ng LLC c am st tChec Ctr ha arghtt r r Pe s ng t a bir t , even
usom r r hi
l i ha
a li d i o equie r hi o r tae
wihoutawrte a ee
t
it n gr mentt t te f c be us hi cai sar e i c meci n wih abusness
o ha fe t ca e s l m os n ol to t
i
aci t l a e nt i t sca e, Che a Cur a nt d J geA . Gomezashi a horz a nt
tviy. n ny ve , n hi s
c
i ppoi e or
s ut i ed ge
a e
nd mpowe e Gomezt t kealaci nsa horze i t ç 1 adi Aut i a i ' ume .
rd
o a l to ut i d n he d Tr ng horz ton'doc nt
Fu1
Ac i pur ua t t ta ho ia i , Gome e ut aM a gi Agr e e wih Pe s ng, whih
tng s nt o ha ut rz ton
z xec ed
rn
e m nt t rhi
c
c ane a Ar ta i Agr e e . Che Cur cai shedi not e ei t sdocume t iJ
ont i d n bir ton e m nt
ca i l m
d r c ve hi
nt mtl une
1 201
5, 2.
Theco pl nti t pro ca ebe or t sCour wasfld o Fe ua y 1 , 201 Hi sxm ai n he i r s f e hi
t
ie n br r 0
2. s i
c mtco antpl cai sf br ac ofc r t br c offduc a y du y,ne i nce
ot
mpli ed l m or e h
ontac, ea h
i ir t
glge ,
uj s
nu t
e ihment adi a a ti abr a h offduca y dut , and ai ng a a tng comm on lw
nrc
, i ng nd be tng
ec
i ir
y
di nd beti
a
fa On J y25, 2, heCour, i r i o amoton t dim is f
r ud.
ul
201 t
t n ulng n
i o s s , ound t tChec Cur c d
ha
a i oul
saeacai f br c ofc r tbutt r mai ngcli swe ebare byFl i se onom i l s
t t l m or ea h ontac, he e ni am
r rd
orda' c
c os
l l .Les t nonemont l t
'e
u
s ha
h aeronAug t , 201 Che Cur fl danotc ofvol a ydimis l
us 23
2, ca i ie
ie
unt r s s a
wih u prj d c i ti Co r id c tn ta d so ey i te c s r v ae a a re n t
t o t eu ie n h s u t n iai g h t ic v r n h a e e e ld n g e me t o
a bir t be or FI
r ta e f e NRA.On Aug t31 201 ,h Co r ds se t ec s wi u p eu ie
us ,
2 t e u t imis d h a e t t rj dc .
ho
No P rh n i mo igf r p ei n r ijmcinag igt a Ch c Cu i a a t l r
w, e s i g s vn o a rlmiay n t to r un h t e a r h d cua o
c tu tve knowldge ofhi rghtt a bir t a t tm ehefld t DititCour a ton. Of
onsr c i
e
s i o r tae t he i
ie he src
t ci
c zs , c Cur cai heha noknowl geof heM a gi Agr e e c ani gt a bir ton
olr e Che a i l med
d
ed
t
r n e m nt ont i n he r ta i
pr s on. Chec Ctr ' a t ne , M a k Huntr i c t s t ti lt 201 a e l 2011 he
ovi i
a ti s tor y
r
e , ndi a e ha n a e 0 nd ary
,
r a he out e i t J n Sc
e c d by ma l o oa hwarz, r c orandM a ng Couns a Pe s ng, i r ng ast
t Die t
nagi
el t rhi nqui i
o
t e senc ofa a bir ton a e m e . M a k Hunt ri c t st thedi no r c vear s
he xit e n r ta i gr e nt r
e ndia e ha
d t e ei
e pons
e
t hi t e m itn i resand no r s e ove affe n mont pe i prort flng s t
o s hr e te nquii
e pons
r ite
h rod i o ii ui.
To s
uppor t moton,Pe s ng sa e t tChec Cur wa ve hi rghtt a bir t a i
t he i
r hi t t s ha
a i i d s i o r ta e nd s
mo igt e j i t eabtai np o e dng l ltg tngt p irc s b fr ti Co r, rhn
vn o no n h r irto r c e i . n i ai he ro a e e o e h s u tPes ig
i
fldt M a gi Agr eme c ani t a bir tonpr son onJ 1 , 201 whih i t dae
ie he r n e nt ont i ng he r ta i
ovii
une 5
2, c s he t
Che Cur s yshela e ofhi rg t a bir t . On O c obe 29, 2, c Cur c m e e
ca i a
em d
s i ht o r tae
t r 201 Che a
i om nc d
t FI
he NRA a bir ton agans Pe s ngas e tng t s m ec am st twe e org nal pl i t s
r ta i
i t r hi
s ri he a
l i ha r i i ly ed n hi
Di ti tCo t
sr c ur .
II.L egalA nal s
ysi
A p ei n r ij n to wi b is e i te mo i g pat d mo tae a s b tnil
rlmi ay nu cin l e su d f h v n ry e nsr ts u sa ta
l
lkelhood ofs c son t m e is ir pa a e ha m t t m ova , a fndi t tt tle t ne
i i
uc es
he rt, re r bl r o he
nt i ng ha he lr a e d
ij r t t emo a t u weg st eh r t eij n to ma c u et ed f n a ta dafn i t t
nu y o h v n o t ih h am h n u cin y a s h ee d n , n idng ha
t ep ei n r ij n to wo l n tds ev t ep b i itr s.T l - I cv Co s Comm.
h rlmia y nu cin ud o is r e h u lc nee t a l Ho n .. a t
y
Cole Dit, 9F. 1 8,1 ( t Ci.1 )
lge s.88 2d 01 022 11h r 989 .ThePli ifPe s ng,
antf, rhi LLC, r t btr n
beas he lde
o p rua igtec u tha t erq ie n sf rap ei nayij ncinaestsid.1 .
f es dn h o r t t h e ur me t o rlmi r nu to r aife d
A. Subst i Li i
ant al kelhood ofSuccess on t M eris
he
t
To p e alo t e mo in f rp ei n r ij n to Pes n mus s o as b tn il
rv i n h to o r l a y n u cin, rhig t h w u sa ta
mi
lkei
i lhood t ti woul s ce i esabls ng t tChe Cur wa ve hi rg t a bir to .
ha t
d uc ed n t ihi ha
ca i i d s i ht o r tai n
W he he apa t haswai dhi rghtt a bir tonbypr ousy ltga i i co ti de de b t
t r ry
ve s i o r tai
evi l ii tng n ur s ci d y he
c t,a nota bir t s Grgs y dr s . I v M Se . n . 6 4F.d 1 5 ,1 5 ( 1h Ci.
ours nd
r taor . i b As oc, nc .
c l v, 6 3 3 0 3 3 1 t r
.
2011.
)
A w a ve oft rghtt a bir ton i a opr a e w he e t cour fnds a t rr vi w i t
i r he i o r ta i s ppr i t
r he
t i , f e e e ng he
çot lt oft cic sanc 't tapa t d sa t d i onsse l wiht ar tai n rght' S &
i aiy he r um t es'ha
t
ry i c e nc it nty t he bir to i . '
ha
-
3-
S Contacor ,I .v A. FJ# Co l .I c, 0 F.d 1 0 ,1 4( 1h Ci.1 9 ) P ta oh r
r t s nc
. .
1
a Co, n .9 6 2 5 7 51 1 t r 9 0 . u n te
.
wa apa t wai t rghtt a bir tonwhe i pa tcpaesi ltga i Eo apoi i onsse
y, ry ves he i o r tai
n t ri i t n ii ton û
t
nt nc it nt
wiha itn t abtae' u ht t h oh rsd i p eu ie Mo e t v We tfEn a dShp
t n n e to r irt's c ha t e t e ie s rj d c d r wi . s o gln i
z
.
Owac .M ut Prot & I m. Asoc, F. 1 6,1 ( 1hCi.1 .
rç .
. nde
s . 62 3d 35 366 1 t r 995)
l ave i nott belg l i e r d, a dmeed lyi s e n gr irto )wih u s me
i i rs
W
o i hty nf r e n
r ea n e kig ab tain t o t o
r s la t rj iet ap ryc n o c ryted y. Cr at eSou in Gr ., I .v.PenterCor ,
e utn p eudc o a t n n t ar h a ' e i lto s p nc
'
v
z
p.
2 2F.d28( s Ci. 0 )(n en lctto so te ) An d u t c n en n wheh rawav r
5 3
1 t r 2 01 itr a iain mitd . y o b s o c r i g te
ie
oft rghtt a bir t hasocc r d s d ber ol d i f
he i o r tae
ure houl
es ve n avorofa bir ton. M o e t,62 F.
r ta i
r wiz
3d
a 1
t 366. t ca ef r l1 f vor a bir ton, a pary a g ng waverofa bir ton bea sa
s us ede a aw a s r ta i ny t r ui
Be
i
r tai
r
h a yb r e o p o f'Ho Qu lt
e v u d n f r o . me a i
'
yMgmt I c vAc
, n . . eAm.n Co. 381F.Supp.2d 1363,1367
Is ,
.
( D. a20 5 ( u tn Bek v M erlL n h Pir e Fe n rd S t, 9 F2d1 1 25( 1h
S. Fl. 0 ) q o ig le . ril y c , e c , n e r mih 6 3
023, 0 1 t
.
Ci.1 2).
r 98 )
l t spa tc a ca e Pe s ngLLC, notme isblr n t e t bls t tChe aCur ha
n hi riul r s , r hi
has
t t zde o sa ih ha
c
i d
kno edg oft a bir tonagr e e prort flngt i ta DititCo t ton. Che aCur'
wl e he r ta i
e m nt i o ii he nii l src ur aci
c
is
co e sa e hemader pe t a tm pt t c im t e se eoft a bir i n a e m e f
uns l tt s
e a ed te s o onfr he xitnc
he r tato gr e nt or
ove ffe n m ont a di notr e vear pons fom Pe s ng, LLC.M or
r ite
hs nd d
ec i
es e r
r hi
eove , r hi LLC
r Pe s ng,
hasnote t bls d t ti hasi ure t t ofltga i e ns t ta bir ton wa desgned
sa ihe ha t
nc r d he ype ii ton xpe e ha r ta i
s i
t al a e Krns v.SunTr s Bank ,I ., 6 4F.d 1 9 ,1 ( 1h Ci. 01 ) F re n e
o levit . i k
ut
s nc 5 3 1 4 201 1 t r 2 1 . o x mpl,
onc Che aCu i e ei dt M a gi r menthedi no s e m or di c r i hepe ngca e
e c r r c ve he r nAg ee
d t ek
e s ove y nt
ndi
s
,
ors e t de ea a tona i vi l .
e k o pos ny ddii l ndi dua s
Pe s ng,LLC ' be ta gtm e i t tChe Cur i e s nta l f m s
r hi
S s r l nt s ha
ca i s s e i ly onz hoppi by o i
ng
ptng
t a bir t a trt Cour' Or Gr i i PM t M o i t Dimi s Hadt Cour dim is d
o r ta e fe he
ts der antng n
he ton o s s .
he
t s se
Chec Cur ' c pl i i is e ie y, t n Pe s ng LLC' a gum e woul be mor pe s sve.
a i s om a nt n t ntr t he r hi
S r
nt
d
e r ua i
-
4-
TheCour' or on t moton t dim isal
ts der he
i o s s lowed Chec Cur t puruehi br ac of
a io s
s e h
contact
r
c am an f
l i d oundt e onomi l sr eba r dhi or cli . Theec
he c
c os ul r e st t a ms
onom i l sl l d r r ove y
c os ' e û s ec r
u ba
i t twhe et a tç ompl i ofr l t t t pe f manc oft conta .''T Sl
n or
r he c c
aned e aes o he ror
e he
r ct ' yco
// Pr d
?y o
-
Can
ada,Lt v Ab ac Cor ., No. 8
d . r on p
08- 0604,2008 W L 4753728,
a * ( D. a Oc. 8 2 0 )
t 2 S. Fl. t2 , 0 8 .
Empl yi t e onom i l snze,t Cour m e eycla dt c
o ng he c
c os l he
t r l e ne he ompli t r m o t t tca ms
a nt o e ve he or li
t ts htr ove yofé hes m eec
ha oug ec r % a
t
onomi dama , $6milon, t br a h ofc r t a ms''
c
ges
li as he e c
ontac cli .
Jo eAnt o Che a Cu iv Pe s ngLLC,Ca eNo.1 20566- V- OREN O, Or Gr ntngi
s
oni
c r . r hi
s
2CI M
der a i n
Pa t oin t Dimisa 6(uy2 , 01 ) c u ePlitf c ul si rc v ral i d ma e
r M to o s s t J l 5 2 2 .Be a s an if o d tl e o e 1 h s a g s
l
a trt Cour' or , heCour cn
fe he
ts der t
t nnots yt tby optngt a bir t hewasf u s
a ha
i o r tae
or m hoppi i a
ng n
wa ta i emisbyp eu ie P rh n ,
y h t mp r s il rj dc d e s i g LLC.
B.I r par eH ar
r e abl
m
Eve i t Cour we et fnd Chec Cur wavedhi rghtt a bir ton, t r i no evi nce
n f he
t r oi
a i i
s i o r ta i he e s
de
ofir pa a eha m .TheElve h Cic tha hel t tas
re r bl r
e nt r ui s d ha howi ofir pa a eha m i ne es a y
ng re r bl r s c s r
f ra ijmcint is e T l HoI c, 8 F.da 1 2
o n n t to o su . al
y- n .8 9 2 t 0 2.
Pe s ng,LLC a gue i wilbeir pa a y ha med by i uni sgnii a at ne sf e
r hi
r s t l r e r bl r
nc ng i fc nt tor y' e s
i de e ng t c am s i Diti tCour a by bei r r d t pa tci t i t FI RA
n f ndi he l i n src
t nd
ng equie o ri pa e n he N
abtain.l r s ns t teM o in f rP ei n r Ij n to Ch c Cu ia re t a s o l
r irto n epo e o h to o r l ay n u cin, e a r g e s h t h ud
mi
Pe s ng LLC bes e s ul nt a bir ton, ther e s a
r hi
ucc s f i he r ta i s e xit dequaemonea y r m e esa lbl t
t
t
tr e di vaia e o
Pes igLLCji t FNRA Ar tain. ( fn a tsRe p ns a 1 ) Gie t a Che aCu i
rhn
n he I
bi to ' Dee d n ' s o e t 0 . v n h t c r
r
'
a isPe s ng,LLC c n r cove m one a yr m e e , i i pr va l i a bir ton, heCour ca t
dm t r hi
a e
r
t r e di s f t e is n r ta i t
t nno
tnd Pe s ng,
i
rhi LLC wilbe ir pa abl ha med i i i r quie t a bir t .
l re r y r
f t s e r d o r tae
C . Ba anc ofH ar hi
l e
ds ps
Tode i ewh t e ij n tv rle i warn e c u t mu tb ln et eh r s i t te
cd eh r nu cie eif s ra td, o rs s aa c h a d hps o h
p ris T l HoI c, 8 F.da 1 2 A plitf mus e tbls t a t et rae dij r t i
a t . al
e
y- n .8 9 2 t 0 2. an if t sa ih h t h h e tne nu y o t
o t ihst eh r t r q e tdp ei n r ij n tv r le ma c us t t ed fnd n .Se
uweg h a m he e u se r l ay nu cie eif y a e o h ee a t e
mi
Glb lT llikCop. . ot 6 2F. u p. d 1 4 1 47( . F a 2 0 ) Pes i , h s
o a e *v
n r v Sc t, 5 S p 2 2 0, 2 M D. l . 0 9 . rhng LLC a
notesa ihe t te gi i a bir ton pr ee ngs t whih i ag e d i c r c ,out i hs
t bls d ha nga ng n r ta i
oc di , o c t r e n onta t we g
teh r o a ij n to t Ch c Ct i Gi nt esr n fd r l lc i fvo of r irto ,h
h am f n n u cin o e a l . ve h to g e ea poiy n a r abtain t e
r
Co r d e n tfn t ebaa c o h r s i r q ie a ij n to i t sc s .M o e H Co e
u t o s o i d h ln e f ad hps e ur s n nu ci n n hi a e s s
n
M e 1Hos v Me cuy Co t.Cor ,460U. 1 24- ( 983)(ttngt r i asr fdeal
m
p. . r r nsr p.
S. , 25 1
sai hee s tong e r
poiyfv rngabi ainofds u e )
l a o i r t to
c
r
ip ts.
D . Publc lnt t
i
eres
A c u tsga tn of p ei n r ij ci nmus n t a ves t t p b i itrs.S e
o r' rn ig a rlmi ay nun to
t o be d re o he u lc ne et e
AlCa eNu sn S r .I v v Beh s aMe 1Hop.I c, 8 F. 1 3 ,1 3 ( 1hCi. 9 9 .
l r rig e v, n . . te d m
s , n .8 7 2d 5 5 5 7 1 t r 1 8 )
The sr f de alpolc f vorng a bir ton i we ls tl Any doubt c e ni a bir ton
tong e r
iy a i r ta i s l- eted.
s onc r ng r ta i
s dber s ve i f vo ofa bir ton.M os sH ConeM e 1Hos , U. a 24- l t s
houl
e ol d n a r r ta i
e
m
p.460 S. t 25. n hi
c s ,h p bi itr s d e no s p o thee p n iu eo j d ca rs u c st e j i abtain
a e t e u l n ee t o s t u p r t x e d tr f u iil e o re o n on r irto ,
c
wh r a h r ,h r i av l a re n t abtae Ka bv Qux a , n .No. 7 1 61 2 0 W L
ee s ee t ee s ai g e me to r irt. l . it r I c, 0 - 0 , 0 8
d
879 *8( . Fl Mar 28,2008)
406, M D. a. .
.
DONE AND ORDERED i Chambe sa M im i Fl i ,t
n
r t a , orda hi
da ofFebr r 201
y
ua y, 3.
'
'
.
..
FED E
A .M OREN O
> 1 D STA TES D I
STRI J DG E
CT U
Copi pr de t
es ovi d o:
Couns lofRec d
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