Greene v. School Board of Broward County, Florida
Filing
34
ORDER granting 19 Motion for Summary Judgment. Closing Case. Motions Terminated: 19 MOTION for Summary Judgment filed by School Board of Broward County, Florida. Signed by Judge Federico A. Moreno on 8/12/2014. (bnt) NOTICE: If there are sealed documents in this case, they may be unsealed after 1 year or as directed by Court Order, unless they have been designated to be permanently sealed. See Local Rule 5.4 and Administrative Order 2014-69.
UNI
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SCHOOL BOARD OF BROW ARD COUNTY,
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ORDER GR ANTI DEFENDANT' M OTI FOR SUM M ARY JUDGM ENT
NG
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ON
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n
S 8 97 2
( . Fl .00 (i ng no pr t ce a tviy whe e Pli ifc nc d d t ts ne r
M D. a2 6) fndi
oe td ci t
r antf o e e ha he ve
e pr sl c mplie a u rca ornaina o ii dici nai ) Gu s v Ci o
x e sy o an d bo t a il
to l rgn s rmi ton ; es . t f
y
Mia , 8 So. 8 , 47( a. t DCA 20 )(ee tn FCRA r tlai ncam whe e
r mar 8 9 2d 40 8 F1 4 h
04 rj ci g
ea ito li
r
Pl ntf f ie t m ake s cii com m uni aton opposng em pl ent pr tc m ade
ai if a l d o
pe fc
c i
i
oym
ac i e
unlwf b t eFC1A) Pli ifdo sno s tsy t fr tee ntoft r tla i cam .
a ul y h
t . antf e t a if he is lme
he ea iton l i
2.
N o A dve s Empl e A cton
re
oym nt i
Eve i Pl ntf Gr enew e eabl t es abls t s e ged i pr ec ed ac i t
n f ai if e
r
e o t ih hat he nga
n ot t
tviy,
herr t i ton cl m i
e ala i
ai ndepe nty f l be e s ha nots f ed adve s em pl e
nde l ais caus he s
ufer
re
oym nt
a to I Bu ln o N. S aFeRy. . .Whi 5 U. 53( 00 ,heSu e Co t
ci n.n rigtn & ant
Co v t 48 S. 2 6) t pr me ur
e,
des rbedt t t ofe pl rconductcons der ac i bl i ar t i i c ei t
c i hat he ype m oye
i ed tona e n e alaton as s hat
whi hasam a e i l a r eaf ec on t pl ntf ,ir pec i ofwhe he t conduc i
ch
t r aly dve s f t he ai if r es tve
t r he
ts
e o nto wo k a e r ltd.Und rt s sa da d,dg )pli ifmus s w t ta
mplyme r r plc -eae
e hi t n r ûa antf
t ho ha
r onabl e pl
eas
e m oyeew oul ha f
d ve oundt c l
he halenged ac i m a eraly adver e.' t a 68.
ton t i l
s 'ff t
çNl ta lc nd tb a e o e ne a i l a f c i a e plye c nsiu e a ve s
û o l o uc y n mpl y r g tvey fe tng n m o e o tt t s d r e
l
8
e o nt cin. We - r sv, a geCnf Sh r 'O/ c, 25F. 1 3 1 1
mplyme a to ' bbEdwa d Or n
'
y. e t s /c 5 3d 01 , 03
( 1h Ci. 08 .l ar t lai n c s a mae i ly a ve s a ton i o t tû g ha
1 t r 20 ) n e aito a es t ral d r e c i s ne ha mi ht ve
di s ded ar onabl w or rf om m a ng ors
s ua
eas
e ke r
ki
upportngacha geofdi crm i ton.'H al
i
r
s i na i '' l
3 qu ig
De a b Ctu y Gov r me , 5 3 Fe Ap 781 78 ( 1h Ci.201 ) ( otn
k l p nf
e n nt 0 d. px. , 9 1 t r
Bu ln o 5 U. a 68. 'plty sih s mi ra y nc s a smpl lc ofg d
rigtn, 48 S. t ) ' et lg t, no nno a e , nd i e a k oo
l
m anne swilgener l notr s t t l velofa adve s em pl entac i ' 1
r l
aly
i e o he e
n
re
oym
ton. d.
'
H er Pl ntf Gr
e, ai if eene adm ist s w a ne rt m i t s pended, dem ot
t hat he s ve er na ed, us
or
ed.
Pl i ifalo confr st ts ne r ved a ne tve pe f m a eval i a t t
a ntf s
im ha he ver ecei
ga i
r or nce
uaton nd ha
he pa ha no b e rdu e S d sn talg t ts wa rp i nde s be tdt a
r y s t e n e c d. he oe o le e ha he s e rma d, u j ce o n
ivolntr ta fro s j ce oac ngei d te .nse d,h meeya srsha Ang
n u ay rnse , r ube tdt ha n uisI ta s e rl sett t us
woul ca r outhi dutes as a as it prnci and conduc cl s r
d ry
s i
n s sant i pal
t a s oom e ua i ,
val tons
pr parng m e or
e i
m anda s ti f t s cii crtci m sbas upon hi obs va i Gr ene
e tng orh pe fc ii s
ed
s er tons. e
o j ce t Ang 'ciiims a to e e to t hs d lvey of ciiue ç-l
be td o
us rtcs nd o k xc p in o i ei r
rtq . çlhe
lt
ng
i ar i s
e o e ' s j ci viw o t adversiy accom panyi a partcul acton i not
mply es ube tve e f he
dipostveoreve nec s iy pr tve' at ,ûheempl e ac i m us bem at i l
s ii
n es arl oba i , her t
r
oym nt ton
t
eraly
a r e as vi w ed by a r onabl per on i t crumsa c s''Gry v Ci o
dve s
e
eas
e
s n he ic tn e .
' a . t f
y
x. , 21 1 t r 201 qu i
n te Al p t f
.
Jack onvil 492 Fe App 1 * ( 1h Ci. 2)( ot g Bulrv. a.De ' o
s le,
d.
T an p.5 F. 1 9,1 5( 1hCi. 08 TheCo t o e t tAng ' le e c nd t
r s , 36 3d 20 21 1 t r 20 )
ur n t s ha
us a lg d o uc
di notdis de Gr
d
s ua
eene fom m a ng ors
r
ki
uppori a Cha ge ofdi crm i i
tng
r
s i naton-pl i if
a ntf
Gr ne tl d he Char ofDi crm i ton afe t a -s ueconductocc r
ee i e r
ge
s i na i
tr he ti s
ured.
9
U li at y,Gr ene' alegaton t tA ngus'conduc was m at r a l adver e i not
tm el
e s l i ha
t
e i ly
s s
o j ci l ra o bl i lg toft a e c o e d n eetbls ngho t c nd th d
be tvey e s na e n ih he bs n e f vie c sa ihi w he o uc a
a sgnii anti pa on here pl ent H al,503Fe Appx. t790.û lhough Til V 1
ny i fc m ct
m oym . l
d.
a
û t
A
te 1
doesnotr r pr ofdie e
equie oof
r ct conom i cons
c
equenc t as ered i pa .. us atl t
es, he s t m ct . t eas
m
ha a t bl a s ef e on t pl ntf e pl entas S ew ed by a r ona e
ve angi e dver e f ct he ai ifs m oym
vi
eas bl
pes n i t cr u tn e , rgadls o t e o ess j ci viw. 1 a 78
ro n he ic msa c s' e r e s f he mplye ' ub e tve e ' d. t 7
'
( otn Davsv Fo o ak Pa k Fl , 45 F.d 1 32,1 ( 1h Ci. 001 . e t
qu ig i . wn fL e r , a. 2
3 2 239 1 t r 2 ) Du o
Pl ntf sf l et e t ih how Angus'aleged conductw oul havean adver e efecton
ai i f aiur o s abls
l
d
s f
ara o bl pes nun rt crumsa e , rrtlaincam mus berjce Se i
e s na e ro de he ic tnc s he eaito li
t ee td. e d.
( i itnc un e i
sndngwrte o s lngwa no mae il a e s a e a lga inof i nii a tmpa t
s t tral dv r e bs nt le to sg fc n i c
y
o e o nt; a ,49 Fe Ap a # ( a ve s a to whe ee o et d i
n mplyme ) Gr y 2 d. px. t 22 no d r e c in r mplye ol n
font of c or r t t s w as çno l r neede a w eekl saf m ee i ' a w as
r
ow ke s ha he
ç onge
d t
y t f
tngs' nd
t mpo a iy r a sgn d t fl r m)
e r rl e s i e o ie oo .
B.
Pl ntf s Count1 Fa l asa Vald AD EA D icrm i ton Cl m
ai i f
1 is
i
s i na i
ai
l o d rt ma o aprmaf c ec s o a ADEA vi a i apli ifmus s w
n r e o ke ut i a i a e f n
olton, antf t ho
t t s :( ) wa a me r o t
ha he 1 s
mbe f hepr tce a g o
oe td ge r up;( wa s j c t a ves
2) s ube t o d re
e o me ta to ( )wa q lfe t do t j b;a ( wa r plc d b a y un r
mpl y n c in; 3 s ua ii d o he o nd 4) s e a e y o ge
i vi ,ort the e pl
ndi dual ha r m oyert e e empl
r at d
oyeeswho w er notm ember ofherpr ec ed
e
s
ot t
c as m or f vor bl unde s m ia cicum s ances. Was ngt v.Unie
l s ea a y
r i lr r
t
See
hi on
t dparc
elser ce,
vi
10
21 4 U. Ap LEXI 96 ,* ( 1h Ci. 4 .
0 S. p.
S 88 5 1 t r 201 )
1.
Pl ntf DoesNotD em onsr t Adver eEm pl entA cton
ai if
ta e
s
oym
i
Th Elv nhCic th shedt trvilo i a bl c nge i j bc ndiinsdo
e e e t rui a l ha ti a r ntngi e ha s n o o to
no c nsiut a es e o nt cin. pt v Flrd
t o tt e dv re mplyme a to Gu a . o iaBoa do ge s 21 F.d5 1
r fRe nt, 2 3 7 ,
5 ( 1h Ci. 00 . pr vea ve s e o me a toni ac s u rTil Vl' a i
87 1 t r 2 0) To o d re mply nt c i n a e nde te ls ntdi c i i i cl e,an em pl
s rm naton aus
oyee m us s
t how a s i and m a eralchange i t t r s
erous
t i
n he e m ,
condii ,or prvieges of e pl e .As sm iary expl ne above,t e pl
tons
il
m oym nt
i l l
ai d
he m oyee'
s
s b e tveve o t a vest ofh e o e ' a toni no c nr ln ,h e o me t
u jci iw f he d riy te mply rs ci s t o tolig' e mply n
t
acton m us be m a eraly a
i
t
t i l dver e asvi e by a r onabl per on i t cicum s a
s
ew d
eas
e s n he r
t nces
.
Da i v Fo o ak Pa k Fl ,245 F.d 1 2,1 39 4 ( 1h Ci.20 ) s e as
vs . wn fL e r , a.
3 23 2 - 0 1 t r 01; e lo
St rpo o v. r so , F. 61 61 1 ( 1h Ci. 4) Co uc f li s r o
av o uls Fie t ne 361 3d 0, 6- 7 1 t r 200 . nd t a l ho t f
ng
a empl entde s onm us , n s es t ntalwa l t hee pl
n
oym
ci i
t i om ubs a i
y, s ert m oyee' c
al
s ompens ton,
ai
t m s condii , or prvie
er ,
tons
i l ges of em pl e , de i hi or her of em pl e
oym nt prve m
oym nt
opporunii ,oradve s y afec hi orhe sat a a e pl e.'Gu a,21 F. a 587
t tes
r el f t s
r t us s n m oye ' pt
2 3d t
( o a in a d ct to omitd .
qu t to n ia in te )
Onc agai t Cour not t Pl ntf Gr eneconc
e
n,he
t es hat ai if e
edest tt s ha ne
ha he he s verbee
n
dichar
s ged,s pe d,ordem ot Pl i iff t radm ist s hasneve had herpay
us nde
ed. a ntf urhe
t hat he
r
docked as a di ci i r m eas e,neverr ei a w rten di ci i y r i a never
s plna y
ur
ec ved
it
s plnar eprm nd,
r cei an uns if or per or a eval i a t he c r ntsal y a Sout
e ved
ats act y f m nce
uaton, nd hat r ur e
ar t
h
Pl aton H i Sc
ant i
gh hooli t s e a i was atN e Renais e M i e Sc
s he am s t
w
s anc
ddl hool Gr ne
. ee
m e e y a e t t s f tt ea ene by Angus'l t ofvoi and t A ngusunf ry
r l ss rs hat he el hr t d
oud one
ce
hat
ail
crtci her t hi per onna
ii zed
eac ng
f
nce.Gr
eene al o dee s her prnci ' s
s
m
i pals ugge ton t t
s i ha
Gr ene utlz t School Boa d' EAP pr a t be m at r aly adver de pie he
e
ii e he
r s
ogr m o
ei l
se, s t r
adm i son t s sm pl declne t r er a wihouta negatve cons quenc Suc
s i hat he i y
i d he ef r l t
ny
i
e
es. h
w or ace actons e n consde ed c ul i l ar i ufi e t es abls adver e
kpl
i , ve
i r um atvey, e ns fci nt o t ih
s
empl entactons.
oym
i Baker v W or d Tech.Se s. 2011 U . Di t LEX I 41
.
l
rv ,
S. s .
S 737,# 20- 1
2
( . Fl 2011. fndoh nvs wo db a l c l sa a s rinta di riyi û n
M D. a. ) To i te ie ul e s ogia a n se to h t vest st
a
ol ol w ooden s p us d durng t Ci lW ar e a.'Se tAnchor an',D r am W or
d, d
hi e
i he vi
r ' e û
m ' e
ks
Pit e ( 04 . nt a e eof vi nc o j ci l e t b ihi gt t e nee pe in e
cur s 20 ) I he bs nc e de e b e tvey sa ls n ha Gr e x re c d
a ale a i of t t r s condii , a prvieges of e pl e , her A DEA
n t r ton
he e m ,
tons nd i l
m oym nt
dsrmiai cam mus berj ce Se Prc v td Te h .Cop.2000U. Dit
ici n ton li
t ee td. e ie .Unie c s r ,
S. s.
LEXI 21 5( D. a. 00 (ee tngADEA dic i na inc am whe et antf wa
S 49 S. Fl 20 ) rj c i
s rmi to li
r hepl i if s
u bl t e t bls a ve s e o n a to .
na e o sa ih d re mplyme t ci n)
Pl ntf Faist A lege D iec Evi nce ofA ge D icrm i i
ai if l o l
r t de
s i naton
I pl ntf m ay s
W ai if
uppor a cl m undert A DEA t ough eihe diecte dence or
t ai
he
hr
t r r vi
cr u sa ta e i e e. M a z o v Co o Re ol to sl ' LLC, 6F. 1 ( 1hCi.
ic m tn i l v d nc ' z e . l r s u in nt,
'
l
74 3d 264 1 t r
201 ( iig Mor v J k onM e 'Fou I c. 5 7 F.d 1 01 1 04 ( 1h Ci. 1 )
4) ctn
a . ac s
m 1 nd, n , 9 3 2 , 2 1 t r 20 0 .
E u tmaeypr val ta pli ifmu t o byapr po e a eoft ee i nc ( c
C li tl e i, l q antf s pr ve
TO
e nd r nc h v de e whih
ma bedie t rcr umsa il,ha a wa t l tf r c us of hec a lnge e o r
y
r c o ic tnta )t t ge s he bu -o ' a e t h le d mpl ye
de ii '' d.( iig Gr s v F#1 Fi.S r s,I . 5 U. 1 ,1 7 78 ( 09 .t e
c son.'1 ctn o s .
n e v . nc, 57 S. 67 7 - 20 ) i
W
defne die e denc ofdi c i i ton ase denc whi h
i
r ct vi e
s rm na i
vi e
c
r l ct adicrm i or orr a i t y atiudecorel i t t dicrm i ton orr t i ton
efe s s i nat y et la or tt
r atng o he s i na i
e ala i
c
ompl ned of by t e pl
ai
he m oyee.' Van Voorhi v H il ough Ctzn? ##.o Ct ?)
'
s . lsbor
p/ y
f 7 2?
4/
.
Comm ' ,51 F. 1 6,1 00 ( 1h Ci.Fl 20 )( o a i n a ctto s o te )
r 2 3d 29 3 1 t r a. 08 qu t to s nd iai n mit d .
s
çtoj l t m o tb aa tr ma ks who ei e tc ul b not ngot rt nt dic i nae
tl n y he s lt n e r , s ntn o d e hi he ha o s rmi t
o t eba i ofa , . onsiut die te i nc ofd s rm i to '' d. qu ig Ca t rv
n h ss ge . c tt e r c v de e ic i nai n.'1 ( otn re .
Ci o ami8 F.d57 58 ( 1h Ci.1 9 )
t fMi , 70 2 8, 2 1 t r 98 ).
y
H e e Gr
r , eene hasf l t pr s any diecte dence ofa dicrm i i To t
aied o e ent
r vi
ge s i naton. he
c r r Gr nea
onta y, ee cknow l dgest A ngusneverm a ader or rten oror c
e
hat
de
ogat yw it
al omm e
nt
a
bouthe age.Sheadm ist ts neve as ered a pur t agedi rm i i untls
r
t ha he
r s t ny pored
sc i naton i he
fl he Cha ge ofDi c i i ton.Becaus s f l t esabls t hera w ast ûbut
ied r r
s rm na i
e he ais o t i h hat
ge
he ç f ' ca e ofany oft a i s pe c ved t be adver e,Pl ntf a dicrm i ton
or' us
he ctons he r ei
o
s ai i fs ge s i na i
cl m i def tve asa m a t rofl w .
ai s ec i
te
a
3.
Pl i i fFaist A le Sufi entCom par or
a ntf
l o l ge fci
at
Pl i ifalo f l t ale t herem pl rteat a si ia l st edempl es
a ntf s ais o l ge hat
oye r ed ny m l ry iuat
oye
who wer notm e be s ofhera cl s m or f abl unders m iarcic s a es.The
e
m r
ge- as
e avor y
i l r um t nc
El ve h Cic thasexpl nedt a i vi i ii asacom pa at us besm iary
e nt r ui
ai hat n ndi dual dentfed
r orm t i l l
st t d dn al r e ntr pec s 'a t tt compar orm us be û ary i ntcalt t
iua e ç l el va es t ' nd ha he
i
at
t t l de i o he
ne
pli if' Se Ho6ed v Re o,1 5 F.d 1 55 1 62 ( 1h Ci.9 ) (1l rlva t
antf. e l l . n 1 3 5 , 5 1 t r1 97 ç 1 ee n
'
a
r s c s'. i e a i o smia i pr ve sf o rsfom s c g s i e o r '
e pe t' Th s mph ss n i lrt e nt % u t r e ond ue sng mplye s
l
y
c
r ona e decii a conf i appl wih or nges.' Bur Fowl v.Or
eas bl
s ons nd
usng
es t a
' keer
ange Count
y
Fl44 F.d 1 9,3 ( 1hCi. 00 (uoaino te )
, 7 3 31 1 23 1 t r 2 6) q tto mitd .
H e e Gr ne has f l d t i iy a com par or ûne l i i l't her Cn al
r , ee
aie o dentf
at ç ary dentca ' o
û l
i
r e ntr pec s.' e ha i ii d ac pa a orwho w asi he t
elva es t 'Gr ene s dentte om r t
n r wentes a t r by
i , nd he e
s fci nty out i ofhe a bas cl ss H ow e r Gr ne a ist ts doesnotknow
uf e l
s de
r ge- ed a .
ve , ee dm t ha he
whe hert si vi ,i ii d as1Am y' has a sm ia hit y ofbei cied asf lng
t hi ndi dual dentfe
û
'
,
i l r s or
ng t
aii
t eac her ng c cul a e Rena s ance,
ot ht eadi uni um tN w
is
orwhe he
t rAm yw asr cor ofha ng
e ded
vi
e otonaland physca e s
m i
i l pi odesl ng t a r e r lt t EAP pr am . The Cour not s
eadi o ef r a o he
ogr
t e
t Pl ntf sRes et t sM oton a gue t tû ee i notr r t pr dee de eof
hat ai if
pons o hi
i r s ha ç ne s
Gr
equied o ovi vi ne
ac mp r tr os r ies mmayj g n . S eRe p ns a p. 3 Plitf a s rst t hek e d
o a ao t u vv u r ud me t' e s o e t 1 . an if s et ha s % e
'
n
o l etbih ds rmiao y a i twads h r t etbls a prma f ce c s .
ny sa ls ici n t r nmus o r e o sa ih
i a i a e'
'
Nowih tn igt a Gr e efist e tb ihl i a i c s , yf iigt a t ult a yalg d
t t sa dn h t e n al o sa ls prmaf ce a e b aln o ri ae n le e
c
co
nduc ha ma bec t u dasdicrmi t ys ii alyont ba i ofa orr lgi ,G r e s
tt t y onsr e
s i naor pec tc l
he ss ge e i on e ne'
al mpt t s
te s o uppo t rco pa a ore mplsas f l Shepr e soutofc extsa e nt a
r he m r t xn e lo ais.
es nt - - ont t t me s nd
s isa De l r ton ofPa male i opposton t t Sc
ubm t
caai
r e n
ii o he hoolBoar smoton. The D e l r to
d'
i
c a a i n,
ho ve ,
we r doesnot ovi die te denc t ta s
pr de r c vi e ha ny chool r e oye m a ader t yr ma k
boa d mpl e de
ogaor e r
a ta c pa a or sage The D e l r ton a s r s t f e t tM r Anguste e me ls f vor bl
bou om r t '
.
c a a i s e t , ( e l ha .
I
r atd
es a a y
t o he younge t c s be aus he t
han t r
r ea her c e
houg he coul pi k on m e bec us ofm y ag .' See D E
ht
d c
a e
e'
31a !5.Gre ' ef tt s w dicrmi t yani byma ngunc r ae aleg tonsi
t
e nes for o ho s i naor mus
ki
orobortd l ai s
i s fiin t o ec mesl r j d me tS eT ma v Da eCtl / Pu . a t T u t 1 7
n u fce t o v r o t
mmay u g n . e ho s . d l/ y b He lh r s, 7
n
F. p . d 1 8 ,1 8( D. a 2 01 (g o cus r , n or b r tdalg to sb apanif
Su p 2 2 3 28 S. Fl. 0 ) t cl n l o y u c ro o ae le ain y litf
t
i a a fda torde ii wilnotc e t a is off c f tils fc e t def ata we l
n n fi vi
poston l
r a e n s ue
a t or ra ufi i nt o e
l-
s p o tdmo inf rs mmayj d me t' ; re v Ch o I t Cop.9 7F. 1 7 1 81
u p re to o u r u g n .) Ea ly . ampi n n ' r , 0 2d 0 7, 0
'
l
( 1hCi. 990)(% r c us yalgai a ase tonswilnots fce.)(iai o te .
1 t r1
sMee oncl or le tons nd s ri
l ufi ' cttons mitd)
'
I hca e of nye de e t bls ngt t
nt bs nce a vi nce sa ihi ha young rt a r whowe ek a l i ntc '
e e che s
r i ry de ial'
ne
t Gr enei é lr e ntr pec s' r te t d mor f vor bl t ADEA dicrm i ton c am
o e
n k elva es t'we e r a e
al
e a a y, he
s i na i l i
fis S eHo nv UPS, 3 Fe Ap x. 8( 1hCi. 01 lrjci ADEA d srmi ai ncam
al. e r .
4 3 d. p 78 1 t r2 ltee tng
ic i n to li
wheet pli ifdi noti ntf s fcintc
r he antf d
de iy ufi e ompart s.
aor)
C.
Pl ntf D oesN otPr e A V ald Relgi D i c i i son Cl m
ai if
es nt
i
i ous s rm na i
ai
A pl i ifm a es a i h r i ousdicrm i i t ough i r orcic s a i
a ntf y t bls elgi
s i naton hr
ndiect
r um t ntal
evi nc usng t bur s fi anays ss f t i M c onnel D ougl Cor v.Gr n,
de e i he den- hitng l i et orh n D
l
as p.
ee
411U. 79 8 2( 97 . eb r n-hi n a l i ofMc
S. 2, 0 1 3) Th u de s hig nayss
Donn lDou asr q rsa
el gl e uie
pl itf t frte tbls ap i af cec s o d s rm i to b de
an if o is sa ih rm a i a e f ic i nai n y monsr tng: 1 hei a
tai ( ) s
me ro apr e t dca s ( h wa q lfe f rt po ii a is ; 3) s fr da
mbe f otc e l s ; 2) e s uais d o he ston t s ue ( he ufe e n
a ve s e o n a to a d ( a smia l st t de o ewho i no ame rof
d r e mplyme t c in; n 4) i lry- i e mplye
ua
s t mbe
p. ks
hi pr e edcl swast e e m or f vor bl SeeD i v. m Beach Cnf Par & Rec.
s ot ct
as
r at d
e a a y.
xon Pal
-
De t, 43F. p' 5 0, 1( 1hCi. 00 . sCo tsa aysso Pli ifsrlgo
p' 3
.
Ap x 0 50 1 t r 2 9)Thi ur' n l i f antf eiius
dic i i ton a l ga i pr ede sm iary as di is a yss of t age- s
s rm na i
le ton ec s i l l
d t nal i
he
ba ed
15
dicrm i i cl m s
s i naton ai .
Pl i ifFaist A legeA ny Adver A c i
a ntf
l o l
se ton
Plitfha no alg da ves a o
anif s t le e d re dinwhiho jci l atrdt tr ,on to ,
c be tvey lee he e msc diins
a prvieges ofhe em pl e .l t d,s m e el cl i s t t s hooladm i sr t s
nd i l
r
oym nt ns ea he r y am ha c
nit a or
c ii i ed he w or pe f m ance a r e r he t a EAP pr a . ow e ,Til V I i
rtc z
r k r or
nd ef r ed r o n
ogr m H
ver te l s
C t age r ci lt c nora s a ut m a ng adi bl t or na y ti a i of
s her ne al viiy ode
nei
t t e ki
ona e he di r rbul tons
t wok a e' Da s v Fo o Lak Pa k 245 F. 1
he rplc . vi . wn f e r ,
'
3d 232,1 ( 1h Ci.20 )
239 1 t r 01
( uo ai ns a ct to o te . Be a e Gr e e ha f ie t p e e e de e
q tto nd ia ins mit d) c us e n s al d o r s nt vi nc
de onsr tngt c ii lel entofa seem pl e a i herr i ousdic i i ton
m ta i he rtca em
dver
oym nt d on, elgi
s rm na i
cam f isa amat ro lw. eGu nig v Ru yon, F. pp. 1 3 ( D . a 1 98
l i al s te f a Se n n . n 3 Su 2d 42 S. Fl. 9 )
(ee tn r lgo dsrmi to cam wheet pli ifwa u bl t etbls a v re
rj cig eiius ici nain li
r he antf s na e o sa ih d e s
e o me ta ton .
mply n c i )
2.
Pl ntf Faist Pr de D iectEvi e ofRelgi D icrm i i
ai if l o ovi
r
denc
i ous s i naton
1A pl ntf m a es a ih a Til V 1 cl m t ou ( ) dr c e d n e
(
ai if y t bls
te 1 ai hr gh 1 ie t vi e c
d s rmi to o ( cr um sa ta e d n e t tc e t sa i e e e o d s rm i to
ic i na in, r 2) ic t n il vi e c ha r a e n nf r nc f ic i nai n.
Bas v Bd.o unt Co r ,25 F. 1 ,1 03 ( 1h Ci. 01 . e ne sr lgou
s . fco y mm's 6 3d 095 1 1 t r 20 ) Gr e ' e i i s
dicrm i ton cl m s f s fom t s m e l k ofdie e dence ofdi c i i ton asher
s i na i
ai uf er r he a ac
r ct vi
s rm na i
age- e di crm i ton cl i .Herdeposton t tm ony and wrte r pons t Angus
bas d s i na i
am
ii es i
it n es
es o
'
16
crtcim confr t therr i on w asne br
ii s
im ha
elgi
ver oughtup i a oft c ii aldi c s onsof
n ny he rtc s us i
herpe f m a
r or nce. ee f t a ist ts ne e n t d Angust ts wasJ w ih
Gr ne urher dm t ha he ver ve ol
ha he
e s
.
Abs nta e dence t Gr ne' r i on w ast t - or'cause ofa oft as e t
e ny vi
hat ee s elgi
he û f '
but
ny he s red
adver e acton,t r i ousdicrm i i cl m m us f l
s
i he elgi
s i naton ai
t ai
.
Pl ntf Faist AlegeA ny Sufi e Compar or
ai if l o l
fci nt
at
Si ia t he age- ed dicrm i i cl i , Gr
m lr o r
bas
s i naton am
eene f is her t pr de
al
e o ovi
com pa at st ha bee t e ed m or f vor y,a e out i ofhercl s and s m iary
r or hat ve n r at
e a abl r
s de
as ,
i ll
st tdi alee n rs csSe Hol l 11 F. a 1 6 Plitf a misha s d s
iuae n lrlva t epe t. e 6ed, 5 3d t 5 2. anif d tt t he oe
note n know t r i on ofal ofhe pur t c pa a or , and ca
ve
he elgi
l
r pored om r t s
nnotde ons r t t t
m t a e ha
a oft hasasm ia hit y ofc ii s by s hoola i s r t sf f lng t pr l
ny hem
i l r sor
rtci m
c
dm nit a or or aii o opery
t ach t r adi cunic um . t s e r onsdicus ed a
e
he e ng
ul For he am eas
s s bove, t a enc ofa vald
he bs e
i
com pa a or who i dsm iary st t 't G r ne ç n a lr l vant r pec s' r nde s he
rt
s çi l l iua ed' o ee k l e e
i
es t , ' e r r
r i ousdic i i ton cl m def tve asa m ate ofl . See M oham e v.PublcH e t
elgi
s rm na i
ai
ec i
t r aw
d
i alh
Tr s, 01 U. DitLEXI 7 5, ( D. a. 1 .rjci r lgi sdsrmi ton
u t2 0 S. s.
S 238 22 S. Fl 20 0)(ee tng ei ou ici nai
c am whe et pli tf f ie t i e tf ava i c mpa a o l s eas Wi o 3 6F.da
li
r he an if al d o d n iy ld o r t r ; e lo l n, 7 3 t
s
1 9 (t aplitf fist s o t e se c o asmial st ae e ly e s mmayj d me t
0 2 tf anif al o h w he xitn e f i lry iu td mpo e , u r u g n
l
i apprprae.'( aton a e
s o it ' quot i nd mphasso te .
)
i mitd)
D.
N o Vald H os ie W or Envionm e Cl m
i
tl
k
r
nt ai
17
To esabls ahos ieenvionm e cl m base on r i on underTil V 1, apl ntf
t ih
tl
r
nt ai
d
elgi
te 1 ai if
mus s w:( )t thewa ame rofapr tce ca s ( )ta hewa s be td t
t ho 1 ha
s
mbe
oe td ls ; 2 h t
s u j ce o
un lo haa s n ;( t a t h r s me twa b s d on hi r lgi ( t a t
wec me r s me t 3) h t he a a s n s a e
s e i on; 4) h t he
ha as m entw ass s ve e orpe vasve t i aler t t r sorc tonsofhi
r s
o e r
r i hat t t ed he e m
ondii
s
e o me t n c e t dadic i nao iya iewo k nge vion n ; n ( )aba i f r
mpl y n a d r ae s rmi t rl busv r i n r me t a d 5 ss o
e pl rlabiiy. G u a,21 F. at582.
m oye i lt See pt
2 3d
N o Har s entBas Upon Relgi orA ge
as m
ed
i on
Gre eha fie t de srt ta t s e u e h rsme tbe au eo ra e
e n s ald o mon tae h the he nd r d a as n c s /he g
o rlgon. eMa c lnv Ec edCor o a.I .2 6U. DitLEXI 1 0 ( .
r eii Se r ei . k r p.fFl ,nc, 00 S. s.
S 8 97 M D.
Fl. 06 . n M a c ln,f re a e apl itf ofe e t r ed r gao yr ca sa e n s
a 20 ) l r e i o x mpl, an if f r d h e e o t r a i l t tme t
m ade by hi s
s uper s .The cour hel t t e sat m ent f ie t es a ih t tt
vior
t d hat hes t e
s a l d o t bls ha he
aleged hos iew or envionm entcom pl ned ofw a bec eofpl ntf r 1 a #1
l
tl
k
r
ai
s aus
ai ifs ace d. t 9,
.
cii Or
tng enge v.Ve
neman,21 F.
8 supp. 758, 7 7- ( M d. 00 (i r c s r ma k
zd
6 68 D. 2 2) fve a it e r s
by s r s ,i udi a c m e on t O .J.Si ps ti t w hieswoul ne tus
upe vi or ncl ng om nt he
m on r al hat t
d ver r t
bl ksagai as a em entt bl ksa etyi t ge af e rde, a s eç peopl 'ype
ac
n, t t
hat ac r r ng o t r e i nd om ç
you
e't
c m e s w e e i uf i entt ca e ar as
om nt , r ns fci o us e onabl per on t bele t tt com pl nede s o i ve ha he
ai of
a to weemoi tdb rca a i ) Du a v Kan asDe 'o at 211F. up
cins r tvae y a il nmus; nlp . s
p t fHe lh,
S p.
2 1 3 1 4 42( Ka a 2 2) I c nta the e Gr e a t t ha ngnoe i e c
d 3 4, 3 0- D. ns s 00 .n o r s, r , e ne dmis o vi
vd n e
ofa Sc
hoolBoa d empl e e com m e i abouthe age orr i on. She ca
r
oye ver
ntng
r
elgi
nnoteven
pr de e de
ovi vi nce i catng t a s
ndi i hat ny choolboar e pl e kne t t s w as J s .
d m oye
w ha he
ewi h
Gr ne' f l et pr entevi nces i s endur di c i i ton beca eofhe age
ee s aiur o es
de
how ng he
ed s r m na i
us
r
orr i on r nde sherhos iew or e r entcl m def i asa m aterofl .
elgi e r
tl
k nvionm
ai
ectve
t
aw
TheA leged Conduc W asN otSe r orPer i
l
t
ve e
vasve
Ha a s n is l i n ta ton bl un rf d r l a u e sii bo hs b e tveya
r s me t tef s o c i a e de e e a lw nls t s t u j ci l nd
obe tveysveea pe v sve Me z v Bor n,1 F. 1 ,1 ( 1hCi. 99
jci l e r nd r a i . ndo a . de 95 3d 238 245 1 t r 1 9)
(iain a fonoe o te .Haa s nti s j ciey s vee a pe v sve i t
ctto nd o t t mitd) rsme s ube tv l e r nd r ai f he
c
ompl i ng empl
a ni
oyee pe c vest har s entasa s ve e a pe i , a ha as m e
r ei he as m
e r nd rvasve nd r s nt
i o j ciey s ve e a pe v svei ar a o bl pe s n i t pli tf sposto wo d
s b e t l e r nd r a i f e s na e r o n he an if
v
ii n ul
a j dg t haa s ntsveea pev sve.d. he deemi ngwh te haa s nti
du e he r sme e r nd ra i 1 W n tr ni
eh r r sme s
o j c iey s ve ea pe v sv c ursc nsde t fe nc oft c nd t t es ve iy
b e tv l e r nd r a ie, o t o i r he r que y he o uc ,h e rt
of t c
he onduct w he her t conduct i phys ca l t ea eni or hum ii tng, or a
,
t
he
s
i ly hr t ng
la i
m ere
ofensve ute a ,a w het t conduc unr onabl i e f e w ih t empl
f i
tr nce nd
her he
t eas
y nt r er s t he
oyee'
s
j bpe f r nc 1 .
o ro ma e. d
H e e,Gr
r
eene alegest when Angusca red outhi dutesasan a it ntprnci
l
hat
ri
s i
sss a
i pal
by obse vi he pe f m ance a t oferng c ii i m , hedi s i a aggr svet of
r ng r r or
nd hen f i rtc s
d on n
es i one
voi Gr nede onsr t physcala em otonalout s si r ponset s crtcim ce. ee
m t a ed
i nd
i
bur t n es
o uch ii s
i de spr ptng herr e r t t Sc
nci nt om i
ef r al o he hool r sEA ppr a . Pl ntf doe notale
Boa d'
ogr m ai if s
l ge
t ta SchoolBoar empl e us pr aniy orphys ca vi enc . Pl ntf haslke i e
ha ny
d
oye ed of t
i l ol e ai if
i w s
f l d t dem ons r e t t t a -s ue conduct un e s na y i e frd wi h rj
aie o
tat ha he ti s
r a o bl ntree t e ob
h
pe fr nc o ha tec nd t sobe tveyhu laig. us x e s dc mme t a d
roma e rt th o uc wa j ci l miitn Ang e prse o ns n
c
once ns pur uantt hi r e as a as it prnci , r r ng t w a Gr ene w as
r , s
o s ol
n s sant i pal ega di he y e
t chi t cur i ul a handlng hercl ss oom . Gr nedi agr edw ih Angus' ii s
ea ng he r c um nd
i
a r
ee
s e
t
crtcim
and f
ound t tAngusdelver hi m es age i a unf i ndl w a .
ha
i ed s s
n n re y y
The conduc Gr
t eene a l geshe e i i uf i entt ti rt pr ec i off al
le
r s ns fci o r gge he ot tons eder
orFl i l .çn t cont por yA m e i w or ace, s em eas eofcont c we
orda aw l he
l
em ar
rcan
kpl
om
ur
litbet en
empl sa e pl
oyer nd m oyees oughtby t pe s
-wr
he r onala pr es i
nd of s onalsr s st na ur l
tes or hat t aly
oc i agr ofi vi swor ngt heri cl equarer -i i t e.'Gr y,492
cason
oup ndi dual
ki oget n os
t s s neviabl ' a
Fe . px. t1 ( ia in o te ) çl teVI i net rag ne a cviiyc deno asaut
d Ap a 0. ct to mit d .l- l I s ihe e r l i lt o
-i
r tt e
m aki a i
ng ctonabl t or nar ti a i oft w or ng pl ce.'Coton v.Cr kerBar el
e he di y rbultons he ki
a ' t
ac
r
Ol County St ,I ,434 F. 1 , 1 4 ( 1h Ci.20 ) e ne s ho tl wo k
d
r ore nc.
3d 227 23 1 t r 06 .Gr e ' sie r
e vion n cam mus berj ce Se Ca gov Al ama, 91Fe App 75 7 ( 1h
n r me t li
t ee td. e r . ab
3
d. x. 3, 55 1 t
Ci. 1 ( fimi d src c ur' gr n i o s
r20 0) a fr ng itit o ts a tng f umma y u me t r t antf f ie
r j dg n whe e hepli if a ld
t pr s nte d n eofs ve eo pe v svec nd t.
o e e vi e c
e r r r a i o uc)
Concl i
us on
Thepl ngs de ii ,a wer t i erogat i a ot docum e son fl
eadi , postons ns s o nt r ores nd her
nt
ie
dem onsr t t tt r i no genui i s as t any m a eralf tand t tt Def
ta e ha he e s
ne s ue
o
t i ac
ha he
endant
Sc lBoadi e tte t j gme a amatroflw. anifGr e di n e a i
hoo r s nild o ud nt s te a Plitf e ne d ot ng ge n
20
any a i t pr ec ed by t ADEA , Til V I ort FCRA and di nots f a adve s
ctviy ot t
he
te I he
d
ufer ny
re
e pl ym e ac i or a m a era l adver e ac i . Ther i no evi nce t any
m o nt ton
ny
t i ly
s
ton
e s
de
hat
em pl enta i r ga di Pl ntf Gr ne wasbas d upon he age orr i ousbelef
oym
cton e r ng ai if ee
e
r
elgi
i s,
a mo e ve ,hec nd tc mpli dofb Pli tf Gr e wa no o j c i l s ve eo
nd r o r t o uc o ane
y a n if e ne s t b e tvey e r r
pe vasve enough t be actonabl underf all w . Accor ngl i i
r i
o
i
e
eder a
di y, t s
ADJUDGED t tDe e
ha f ndan ' M o i f rSumm a yJ m e i GRANTED a t sca e
ts ton o
r udg nt s
nd hi s
i DI M I ED wi prj d c . Clr o Cou t h l makt i c s a cos d
s S SS
t eu ie The ek f r s al r hs a e s l e
h
.
D ON E AN D O RDERED i Cha be s a M i m i Fl r da, hi
n
m r t a , oi t s
da ofA ugus , 2014.
y
t
FEDERI
C
.
O
UNI
TED TATES DI
STRI J
CT UDGE
Copi spr de t
e ovi d o:
Couns lofRe d
e
cor
21
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