Abellard, Jr. v. Oklahoma Student Loan Authority

Filing 13

ORDER granting 7 Motion to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction. Closing Case. Signed by Judge Federico A. Moreno on 1/29/2018. (da00) NOTICE: If there are sealed documents in this case, they may be unsealed after 1 year or as directed by Court Order, unless they have been designated to be permanently sealed. See Local Rule 5.4 and Administrative Order 2014-69.

UN I
TED STA TES D I
STRI COU RT FO R TH E
CT
SOU TH ERN D I
STRI O F FLOR I A
CT
D
M i iD i s on
am
vi i

Cas N um be 1 62064- V- ORENO
e
r: 7CI M
D AV I A BELLA RD ,JR.
D
,

Pl ntf ,
ai if

OKLAHOM A STUDEN T LOAN
A U TH ORI
TY,
D e enda .
f
nt
/
O R DE R G R ANTI G M O TI N TO D I ISS
N
O
SM

Da d Abela d,J .br t t s a ton ag ns t Okl homa St ntLoa Aut iy,
vi
lr r ough hi c i
ai t he
a
ude
n
hort
a lgi t t i r pe t dl c le hi ce l a t e
le ng ha t e a e y a ld s lulr elphone ti a ca
sn
mpai de i d t a y
gn sgne o ppl

ma mum ps ogi lsr swih t am ofpr s i hi i opa ng gt tl n de t.
xi
ychol ca tes t he i
esurng m nt yi suden oa bl'
'

( mp .! 2 )Ab l r c n e d t tt e Lo n Au h rt s c n u tv oae t e Tee h n
Co l 0. el d o tn s ha h a t o i
a
y' o d c i ltd h lp o e
aci e t nd orda
Cons e Pr e i Act1Fai de Cole ton Pr tc sAc ,2 a Fl i Cons rColec i
um r otcton
ume
l ton
r bt lc i
,
Pr tc s Ac .3 The Loa Aut iy s e nty fld a moton t dim ist Compl ntwih
aci e t
n
hort ubs que l ie
i o s s he
ai
t

p eu ie ctn b t iss v rin i n t a dAb l r sfiu et saeacam u n whc
rj d c , iig oh t o eeg mmu iy n el d' alr o tt li po ih
a
r le c n be g a ed.
ei f a
r nt
The Cour a ee t t t Loa A ut r t i i m une f om s t i f r l c t a
t gr s ha he
n
ho iy s m
r
ui n ede a our nd

t r or de lnes t addr s whe he Abe lr has sa e a vald cl m f r i . Be aus
he ef e c i
o
es
t r
la d
ttd
i ai or elef c e
Abel r c nnotmai ai t s a ton i f r lc t i i ADJ
la d a
nt n hi ci n ede a our, t s
UDGED t tDef nda ' moton
ha
e nts i
i G RAN TED a t c e i D I I
s
nd he as s SM SSED .

' U S C j2 e s q.
47
27 t e
71 U S C j 1 92e s q
5
6 /e.
3FlrdaStt e jj5 55 5 78
o i auts 59. -5 9. 5.

1. B ackaround
A . Davi A belard
d
l

Da d Abelar r i i t Sou he Ditit ofFl i a has a c lul t lphone
vi
l d esdes n he
t m src
orda nd
e l ar ee
num be c ani t a e c f Pa m Be h Count Flrda.Abe lr alege y owe deb
r ont i ng he r a ode or l
ac
y, o i
la d l dl
s t
o al n s r i d by t Oklhom aSt ntLoa Aut iy.
n oa e vce
he a
ude
n hort
B. The O kl
ahom a St
udentLoan A uthoriy
t

The Oklhom a St tLoa Aut iy i a sae a nc cha ge wih d ovi ng suden
a
uden
n
hort s t t ge y r d t ç
pr di t t
l nf
oa undspurua t r quie
s nt o e r ment ofa a oprae f de a a ncy t qua ii pe s ....'
s ny ppr i t e r l ge
o lfed r ons
'

Okl Stt tt 70,j 695. Oklhoma' lgilt e crae t Loa Aut iy i 1 by
a. a. i.
3. a
s e saur e td he n hort n 972
au horzi t Gove or t o ac e bene i i i e e ton be f oft St t ofO kl hom a i a
t i ng he
m
' c pt
t
f c al nt r s
hal
he a e
a
n n
expr s t us .... a çt c r iy t tt St t of Okl hom a ag e and undera s t c r y ou
es r t
' nd fo e tf ha he a e
'
a
r es
t ke o a r t

t pr sonsofg a
he ovii
oklhomaSt ntLoanAc. 1 Fi tut s a ntdf rtve- a tr
ude
t' d. ve r see- ppoi e o i ye r ems
'
by t Go r wih t a c and c en oft Se t - s r r s
he ve nor t he dvie
ons t he na e ha e e ponsbiiy f ove s ei
i lt or r e ng

t Loa Auhort saci te .Okl Stt tt 70,j 695. The Goveno ma rmove t s
he n t iy' tviis a. a. i.
4.
r r y e
hee
tusee f c us l Addii l a lbonds is by t Loan Aut iy mus be r vi we
r t s or a e. d
tonaly, 1
s ued
he
hort
t
e e d

a ove by t Oklhoma' Ator y Ge r l Okl Stt tt 70,j 695. And t Loa
ppr d
he a
s t ne
ne a. a. a. i.
9.
he n
A ut iy m us s i isbudge t t St t s G ove or Sena e and H ous ofRe es nt tve ,
hort
t ubm t t
t o he a e'
m ,
t,
e
pr e a i s
and m us obt i a a
t a n nd nnua a t by t St t Audior a l pec or or by a c tfe publc
l udi
he a e
t nd ns t
erii d
i

ac ountntofisdesg ton.Okl Stt tt 70,j695. .
c a
t inai
a. a.i.
21
C . St e e ofFac s
at m nt
t
A be l r c ai s t t r pr s nt tves of t O kl hom a St nt Loan Aut iy t i t
la d l m ha e e e a i
he
a
ude
hort red o
colec s ude l n de fom hi tby usng a a om a i t e
l t t nt oa
bt r
m s
i n ut tc el phone di lng s t m t pl c
a i ys e o a e

numeo t e
rus elphone c l t g s c l a tlphone. (
als o hil elulr ee
' Compl ! 1 ) Her c ve t e deb
'
. 6.
e ei d hes t
colec i n ca l f om varous phone num ber ,s e i e ge tng m uli e ca l on t s m e da
l to ls r
i
s om tm s ti
tpl ls
he a
y

oron cons utve da .Spe fc l Abela d saest tt Loa Aut iy c le hi on:()
ec i ys ciialy, lr tt ha he n hort ald m
i

2

S ptmb r1 ,2 6 a 3:6p. ;(i S p e r1 ,2 6a 3:0p. ;(i Oco r5 201 a
e e e 4 01 t 2 m. i) e tmbe 6 01 t 3 m. ii tbe , 6 t
)
1 01p. ;(v)Ocober1 201 a 1 55a. ;a ( Ocobe 18 201 a 11: a.
2: m. i t
5, 6 t 0: m. nd v) t r , 6 t 20 m.
Acc di t Abel r t Loa Au hort e pl yed pr e or d voi m es a s t
or ng o
la d, he
n t iy m o
er c de
ce
s ge o
pr s e hi i o pa ng t de .W ih e h c l,he he r ç n a oma ed,m a hi oper t d
esur m nt yi he bt t ac a l
a d d ut t
a
c ne
ae
voie mes a or a notce bl pe i of i d ar whie t c le ' a o- ai s t m
c
s ge
i a e rod
dea i'
l he a lr s ut dilng yse

atmp e t c l c ( mqt al tlp nee ly e'( mp . 1 . Ab lad c ne st a
te td o ome t hi o i ee ho mpo e . Co l! 7) elr o tnd h t
ve
'
t e c l da ged hi sai tg s prva y was i opel i
hes als ma
m, ttng, ihij i c
mpr ry nvade hi pea e wa
d, s c
s
dit be he wasdita e hi c l a t lphone' bat r a m e y we e t ed,hi ce l a
sur d,
sr ctd, s elul r ee
s te y nd mor
r u
s lulr
tl
e ephone lne was te up,and he w a f c t s nd pr c ous tm e a m en a e gy t ndi
i
i ds or ed o pe
ei
i
nd
t l ner e ng

t unwane c l. (
o
td als' Compl!23.
'
. )
II. D i
scussi
on
D. M oton t D i i Standard
i o sm ss

C s vi a m oton t di m i s pl i if m us do m or t n m e e y s a e l al
I
TO ur ve
i o s s , a ntf s
t
e ha
r l t t eg

c usons'i t a pl ntfsmus é l s
oncl i s nse d ai if
'
t ' ege ome s ii f cua ba i f rt econcusonsor
al
pecfc a t l ss o hos
l i

fc dimis loft rcli . Jac s v.Belsout Teec
a e s sa hei ams' k on
'
l h l omm. 372F. 1 0,1 ( 1hCi.
,
3d 25 263 1 t r
2004) W he r i on amoton t dimis a c tmus viw t c ai i t lghtmos
.
n ulng
i o s s , our t e he ompl nt n he i
t
f vor bl t t pl ntf a a ce t pl i ifs welplade f t ast u Se St Jo e '
a a e o he ai if nd c pt he antf
l- e d ac s r e. e . s ph s

Hop.I c v Hop. r o
s , n . . s Cop.fAm. 7 5F.d9 , 5 ( 1hCi.1 8 ) Thi tn th we e , o s
, 9 2 48 9 3 1 t r 9 6 . s e e, o v r d e

n ta pyt lg lc n l in .Se As c o v l b l 1 9 S.Ct 1 3 ,1 4 ( 0 9 . M o e v r
o p l o e a o cuso s e h rh . q a , 2
. 9 7 9 9 2 0 ) ro e ,
'g hiel alconcusonsca pr det fa wor ofacompli ,t mus bes
ûwl l eg
li
n ovi he r me k
ant hey t uppore by
td
fcua alegains' I a 1
a t l l to . d t 950. Thos (fa t lalgai mus bee
'
e t lcua le tons t nought r s arghtt
l
o aie i o
r le above t s ul i l velon t as um pton t t a1 of t c pl nts a l ga i a e
ei f
he pec atve e
he s
i ha 1 he om ai ' le tons r

tue' BelAt.Cor v Twombl 550 U. 544,545 (
r .' l l p. .
y,
S.
2007) l s t t compli mus not
. n hor, he
ant t
m e e y a l ge a m i co
r l le
s nduc , m us de onsr t t tt pl ade i en il t r i f See I ,
t but
t m ta e ha he e r s tted o ele .
qbal
129 S.Ct at 1950.
.

E . The El vent A m e
e
h
ndm ent
The El ven h Am e entoft U nie St t s Cons iuto pr e t a St t f o be ng
e t
ndm
he
td ae
tt i n ot c s
ae r m i

s d i f r c twiho t Stt sc e . e U. Co t ame Xl The e or pari s
ue n ede al our t ut he a e' ons nt Se S. ns. nd. . r f e, te
c n s a non- ons ntng St t onl i t St t sow n c t .Thi i m uniy a i wih equa
a ue
c e i
a e y n he a e'
our s
sm
t pples t
l
f c t l w s t br
or e o a uis ought aga ns a s ln of t St t ' e g. Spublc e ii a tng as sat
i t n kn
a
he a e' . , ç i nttes c i
te

a e t o isr me tl is' M a d r v fe ,3 8 F.d 1 0 1 0 - 9 ( 1h Ci.2 0 ) To
g n s r n tu nai e . n es . e 3 3 3 4, 3 8 0 1 t r 0 3 .
t '
dee ne whe he a def nda q lfe a an da m oft St t',c t i t El nt Cic t
tnni
t r
e nt uaii s s ir
he ae' ours n he eve h r ui

c n ie t e f lo n fu f co s ; 1 h w sae 1w d tn st e tt ( )wh td g e o
o sd r h o lwi g o r a tr : t ) o tt a ei e he n i 2 a e re f
(
y;
conr t Stt manti ove t e iy;( wheet e iyderve isf nds a ( whoi
tol he ae i ans r he ntt 3) r he ntt i s t ' ; nd 4)
u
s

r s o i ef rj dg n sa ans t ee tt . ff t 1 0 ûf e p rie tiq r i n tit te
ep nsbl o u me t g i t h niy' ta 3 9.t' etn n n uiy s o no h
'
-h
naur of (n e iy') saus i t absrc,butisf ton orr e i a pa tc a contxt'
t e a ntt s tt n he ta t
t unci
ol n
riulr e .'
Sh
andsTe hi Hos & Clnisv Be hSt Cor ,208F. 1 1 1( 1hCi.
ac ng p. i c . ec . p.
3d 308, 31 1 t r 2000)
.
F. A pplcaton ofSoverei lm m univ
i i
zn
t

The Loa Aut rt a gue t ti quaii asan a m oft St t ofOkl
n
ho iy r s ha t lfes
r
he ae
ahoma and,a
s

s c ,e j y i nt fo s isb o g ta an ti i fd r lc u t Ha n ivo d Elv n h
u h n o s mmu i r m ut r u h g is t n e e a o r. vig n ke e e t
y
Ame e i uniy, i be r t bur n of pr ng t t i ac s a a sae age or
ndm nt mm t t a s he
de
ovi ha t t s
tt
nt
i t u e alt A c or ngl t Cour m us a y t El nt Ci c t s f - a t t s t
nsr m nt iy. c di y, he
t
t ppl he eve h r ui' our f c or e t o

d tr n wh te fd r lu iil o re tn st Ab lad' s t g is teLo nAuh rt .
eemie eh r e ea j d ca p we x e d o elr s uia an t h a to iy
Fis,co t c i rhow sae lw de i t r l ntentt The sat e c ea i t
rt urs onsde
tt a
fnes he eeva
iy.
t ut r tng he
Loa Aut rt e i ty s a e t t i i d n age y oft St t of O kl
n
ho iy xplcil t t s ha t s t
a
nc
he a e
ahom a. Okl St t tt
'
' a. a . i .

7 ,j 6 53 An i lg lo i o sd tn ba k t 1 8 s Oklh ma c u t a d t e Ok a o
0 9 .. d n e a pnin aig c o 9 0 , a o o rs n h lh ma
O f i e oft A tor y Ge r lha r pe t dl r f r e t t Loa Aut iy a a sa e a nc
fc
he t ne
ne a ve e a e y e e r d o he
n
hort s t t ge y.

Se ,eg. St ee r .Okl
e . , at x el ahoma St ntLoan Auh.v Ak r ,900 P. 468,470 ( a.Ci
ude
t . es
2d
Okl v.
App.1995 ($The Oklhoma St ntLoa Aut iyl i a sae age o rtng unde t
) k(
a
ude
n hort s tt ncy, peai
r he
tus a hort ofsaut ' ;1 Okl Op. tyGen.481( 98 (iTl Stt t ougha a ncy
r t ut iy tt e.) 5 a. At'
'
1 3) çg he ae,hr
n ge
( a
OklhomaSt ntLoa Auhort , ( ovi s sude l n f
ude
n t iy) pr de l t nt oa unds t quaii sude s' .
o lted t nt.)
'
4

Furhe mor t El ve h Cic texpl ne t t whe e as he e,lhe budge of a e iy i
t r e, he e nt r ui
ai d ha
r,
r t
t
t
n ntt s
s bm it d t t sat f a o l t ss
u te o he t e or ppr va , hi ugge t t tt e iy i a a nc oft sat ' H a de
s s ha he ntt s n ge y he t e. r n
'

v Adams,760 F. 11 11 ( 1h Ci.1 ) Therf e,t sfcors rst pr iin
.
2d 58, 63 1 t r 985 . eor hi a t uppo t he oposto
t tt Loan A ut iy qualf e a a a m oft St t
ha he
hor t
ii s s n r
he a e.

Se
cond,t Cour mus e l t t de e ofc r t St t ofOkl hom a ma nti
he
t t vaua e he gr e
ontol he a e
a
i a ns
o t e iy.TheOklhoma St ntLoan Ac sa est t Loa Aut iy' go r ngbody
ver he ntt
a
ude
t tt hat he n
hort s ve ni
s lco it of fve tuse s a nt by t Gove nor wih t a c a c e of t
hal nss
i r t e ppoi ed
he
r
t he dvi e nd ons nt
he

Se t Se Okl Stt tt 70,j695. TheGovenorha t powe t rmovetuse sf ca e.
nae. e a. a .i.
4.
r
s he
ro e
r te or us
I Addii ly,bef e t Loa Aut iy ca i s bonds i m us obt i a ovalfom t
d
tona l
or he
n
hort n s ue
,t
t an ppr
r he

Stt sAtome Geneal Se Okl Stt tt 70,j 695. Be us t Stt a nt t Loa
ae' t y
r . e a. a. i.
3. ca e he ae ppoi s he n
Aut iy' gove ni body a r t i uli ae powe ove is a lt t i s bonds t
hort s
r ng
nd e a ns tm t
r r t biiy o s ue
, he

i o to' fco s g e t te L n Auho iy e j y i nt fo s t i fd rl c u t
i nr l a t r u g ss h oa
c
'
t rt n o s mmu iy r m ui n e e a o r.
Mandes v fe 338 F.d 1
r . e,
3 304,1 1 ( 1h Ci.2003)( r sae saut outi d s rfs
32 1 t r
whe e tt tt e lne heif'
r s nsbiii a a horz t St e' Gove nort dici i a s pe s rfs t c t
e po i ltes nd ut ied he at s
r o s plne nd us nd he if , he our

hedt tt t ontolfcor( weghshe viy i fvorofgheSheifs e ilme t Elve h
l ha he û r a t ) i
c
a l na
t
rf l ntte nt o e nt
Amendme i niy')
nt mmu t '.
Thid, t Cour cons de s t e iy' s ur e of f ng. By l w ,t Loa Aut iy
r he
t
i r he ntt s o c
undi
a he
n
hort

mus ds i a budge f t ne ts alyea t t Gove nor Pr sde Pr Te r of t
t dubm t
t or he xt i c
r o he
r , e i nt o mpo e he

Se e a t Spe ke oft Ho e ofRe es ttve .'Okl Stt tt 70,j 695. .The
nat, nd he a r he us
pr enai s' a. a. i.
21
El ve h Cic t ha he d t t whe e a e iy m us s i is budge t t l s a ur t t
e nt r ui s l ha
r n ntt
t ubm t t
t o he egi l t e, ha
e iy qualf e as t n ar of t St t be us t St t contol is fs l lf ' M i c uk
ntt
ii s
'
a m
he a e ca e he a e
r s t i ca ie. c os ee
'

T ie o n a s o Flrd v Flrd Stt Atlt Co ',2 6 F.d 1 2 ,1 3 ( 1h Ci.
rb fl din f o ia . o ia a e hei mm n 2 3 2 6 23 1 t r
c
2000)
.
A be l r a t m pt t ditngui h t s ca e poi i ou t t t Loa A ut iy doe no
la d te s o s i s hi s , ntng t ha he
n
hort
s t
r qui e sat f ng be us is l n s r ci oper tons pr
e r t e undi
ca e t oa e vi ng
ai
oduc e
e nough r ve t pay a1 of
e nue o
1
is e ns s Butast El nt Cic thasalea hel a s l- uf i e e iy s ilqualfes a
t xpe e .
he eve h r ui
r dy d, e f s fci nt ntt tl
ii s

an am oft Stt wheet Stt c r st e iy' fs llf See i a 15
r
he ae r he ae ontol he ntt s ica ie.
d. t 20-21 (t n
i
Eve

t
hough t Pa k Aut rt ca r i emoneytuough t is nceofbondsa fom t o r ton
he r
ho iy n a s
l
he s ua
nd r he pe a i

o J k l Iln S ae Pak,is fsa lf i c nr ld b te S ae ( c us ) i bu g ti
f e yl sa d tt r t ic l ie s o tol y h tt be a e t d e s
e
s
s tedt t GenealAse y.'.Be aus sae lw rquie t Loan Aut iyt s t
ubmit o he
r s mbl ' c e tt a e r s he
)
hort o ubmi
isbudge t t Gove nora l gil ur t Stt c r sisfs allf a bec us t St t
t
t o he
r
nd e sat e, he a e ontol t ic ie; nd a e he a e
contol isfs allf t Loa Aut iy' s fs tc e y doe notpr cude i fom quaiyi
r s t ic ie, he n hort s el-ufi i nc
s
el
tr
lf ng

as an a m of t St e.Thus t C u ng' f ct we g i f vo of fndi t t Lo
r
he at
, he i ndi ' a or i hs n a r
f
i ng hat he an
Aut iy qualfe a a a m oft St t ofOkl homa wih i muniy fom s ti f r c t
hort
ii s s n r
he ae
a
t m
t r ui n ede al our.

F n ly te Co r c n ie swh wo l b a rs o sblt f rj g n s a an tte
i al , h u t o sd r o ud e r e p n iii o ud me t g is h
y
Loa Aut iy.To be s e t Oklhom a St nt Loan Ac not s t t t St t does no
n
hort
ur , he
a
ude
t e ha he ae
t

guaa e bondsorl nsis byt Loa Aut iy. a.Stttt 70,j695. l t a e e
rnte
oa sued he n hort Okl a.i.
9.n he bs nc
ofa ne tve baa ,t r f e,t Loa Aut iy woul pr u a y as um er ponsbiiy f
ga i
lnce he e or he n hort
d es m bl s
es i lt or
4
te
i r t h
a y j dg n r n ee a ans i. A s a sat agency and publc tus, te Lo n Auh rt
n u me t e d rd g i t t
a to iy

g n rt salo isr v n ef rteb nei o teStt o Oklh ma s a yj g n a an tte
e eae l f t e e u o h e ft f h ae f a o , o n ud me t g is h
Lo n Au h rt wo l b stsid wih p b i r s u c s Fou h v J # l Il d-t t Pa k
a toi
y u d e aife t u lc e o r e . c e . e l san s ae r
Auhort 71 F. 1 8 1 20-21( 1h Ci.1983 ( ean entt s r esapublc pur e
t i 3 2d 51 , 5
y,
1t r
) wher
iy e v
i pos ,
kispr i- ng e eprs dono atrispublcc r tr'.I a smia c s ,t Elve h
ût oftmaki ntr ies
t le t
i haace' n i lr a e he e nt
)

Cic i hed t ta s l-u p rig e tt q aiis a a am o te sae wh r i j d me t
rut l ha efs p o t n i u lfe s n r f h tt ee $ u g n
n
y
a
woul be pai outofc r ntf . Fouche 71 F. a 1 .Ther f e,t sf t s
d
d
ure unds'
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