v. Magluta et al

Filing 67

ORDER affirming and adopting, in part, 39 Report and Recommendations on 1 Motion (Complaint) to Vacate/Set Aside/Correct Sentence (2255). REFERRING PART OF CLAIM 36 BACK TO THE HONORABLE STEPHEN T. BROWN FOR AN ADDITIONAL REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION. DENYING HABEAS RELIEF AS TO THE OTHER CLAIMS, AND DENYING ISSUANCE OF A CERTIFICATE OF APPEALABILITY. Signed by Judge Patricia A. Seitz on 2/14/2012. (sk)

UNI
TED STATES DISTRICT COURT
SOU THERN D I
STRICT OF FLO RI
DA
CA SE N O.10- 345- V- TZ/
21 CI SEI BROW N
SA LVADOR M A GLUTA,
M ova ,
nt

U NI
TED STATES OF AM ERI
CA,
Res
pondent
.
/

ORDER AFFI I Ae ADOPTI .I PART.REPORT AND RECOM M ENDATION .
RM NG
NG N
REFERRING PART OF CLAI 36 BACK TO TH E H ONO RABLE STEPH EN T . BRO W N FO R
M
AN ADDI
TIONAL REPORT AND RECO M M ENDATION.D ENYI G H ABEAS RELIEF AS TO
N
THE OTH ER CLAIM S.AND DENYING I
SSUAN CE OF A CERTI
FICA TE OF
APPEALA BI TY
LI

THI M ATTER i b f r t Cou tu t Pr lmia yRe or a Re o nd tonl( 3 2
S
s e o e he r pon he ei n r p t nd c mme ai DE 91
of t Honor e St
he
abl ephen T. Br , Unied St es M agitat Judge, r
own
t
at
sr e
ecommendi t t t Cour
ng ha he
t

s mma i de y Mov nt S va or Ma ua' (d o n ) M o in t Va t (d o in t Va ae',
u rl n
y
a al d
glt s s va f' to o cae û to o c t'
M
M
)
pu s ntt 28U. C.j2 5,wih rs c t Cli 9,1 1 1 ,1 ,l 2 2 2 25 27 28 2 3
rua o
S.
25 t e pe t o ams 0, 2, 6 7 9, 2, 3, 4, , , , 9, 2,
34,35,36,37,38,40,42,43,44,and 45,and deny,i par, Cl m 8. The Cour hascar f l r e
n t ai
t
e uly eviwed

J geBr sPr lmi r Re r a d Re o nd ton (ç ' a d t e r c r deno o. W hiet e
ud
own' ei nay po t n c mme a i i
R&R' n h e o d,
)
v3 l h
Cour fnds t tJudge Br n' f t Gndi ar not cl ry e r
t i ha
ow s ac ual
ngs e
ea l r oneous and hi l concl i ar
s egal
usons e
consit wih t pr
sent t he oper applcaton of t l t t e f s and, as such,af im s and adopt t
i i
he aw o hos act
fr
s he

maoiy o Jdg Brwn' fndng a rc
j rt f u e o s i i s nd e omme dains a dic se f l b lw,t Couth s
n to s su sd ul eo he r a
y
1

,
J
udgeBr is d aPr i nay Re ta Rec
own s ue
elmi l por nd omme i i or rt a e ss ofMovantscl mst t
ndaton n de o ddr s ome
ai ha
aes c us y ast bei ufi enton t i fces h t , i a tonalbrei i ne ssr t Gove nmentwil
r o oncl or o ns fci
her a uc hat f ddii
ifng s ce a y, he
r
l
onl ber quiedt a t st rm ani cl m st taef ci l s t int ( 3 a l , 1 )
y e r o ddr s he e i ng ai ha r a aly ufk e . DE 9 t 0 1. 2 .

2Al ciai t t r or e os by br ckesr f t t docke s ti t i t ntca e Ca e No.1 21 l ttons o he ec d ncl ed
a t eer o he
t hee n he nsa
s
s
0- 345
,

CI S TZ. L .(1 Alctto se lsdb pae te e rfrt ted c t h c i teu d ryigci n l a e
V-EI ( e 1) l iain nco e y rnh ss ee o h o ke s e tn h n el n rmia c s,
CaeNo. 9 0 5 3CR- El Z.(..()
s
9 - 0 s - S T i 1)
e
3 S Setf t bel y t Cour r viw e J
A
orh ow he
t e e d udge Br
own' Or r denyi M ova ' M oto f Lea t Fie an
s de
ng
nts
in or ve o l
Ame
ndedRe yf ce er .
pl or lar ror

consder t r d cia i pr ded by t M ova f t Grt tme i hi Re y bre and has
i ed he ecor t tons ovi
he
nt or he s i n s pl if
deci whehert s
ded
t o ummariy de t cl ms bas on a r vi oft r d i udi t
l ny he ai
ed
e ew
he ecor ncl ng hose cia i .
t tons
However t Cour has not consi ed M ovants af i t s it as pa of hi Repl bref as
, he
t
der
' fdavi, ubm ted
rt
s
y i,
M ovantdi notfl i aspar ofhi M otont Vacat
d
ie t
t
s i o
e.
1 DISCU SSI N4
.
O

M ovants 45 cl ms noti udi s
'
ai ,
ncl ng ubpars,ar many,vared,and i s e r pect overa ng
t e
i
n om es s
lppi
and r ii Stuct aly,t Courtw ilfr taddr sM ovants r
epettve. r ur l he
l is
es
' eques st fl a Am e
t o ie n
nded Repl and
y
t amend hi M oton t V ac e. Then,t Cour wil t n t a dicus i of t over chi l
o
s
i o
at
he
t l ur o
s son
he
ar ng egal
ar
gument s f t i t Gover
et orh n he
nment s pa s and i t R& R t t 25 cl m s s fed above ar
' per
n he
hat he
ai pecii
e

f aly i ufi ent t wa r an evi ir hearng under Rul 8 of t Feder Rul Gover ng
aci l ns fci o r ant
denta y
i
e
he
al es
ni
Secton 2255 Pr eedi f t Unied St es D itit Cours. Ther t , t Cour wil r e on
i
oc ngs or he
t
at
src
t
eafer he
t l ul
M ova ' 25 i vi cl msasaddr s i t Pr i i y R& R.
nts ndi dual ai
es ed n he elm nar
A. M ovants Reques s t Am end t M oton t Vacat and t Fie an Am ended Repl
'
t o
he
i o
e
o l
y
M em orandum ofLaw.

On Ma 25 201 ,o ro ( )ye ra trM o n fld hi Moto t Va t,a d o e sx ( )
y , 1 ve ne 1 a fe va t i s in o cae n v r i 6
e
mo hsa trteGov r me tfld ist h drd a d f ry ( 40 pa er s ns ,M o n rqu se f r
nt fe h
e n n ie t wo un e n o t 2 ) g e po e va t e e td, o
t fr ttme, i hi Repl bref5 l
he is i n s
o
nd he
i o
t o ncl
ac s ont ned n he
y i , eave t am e t M oton t V aca e t i ude f t c ai i t

Re y a d r q se t tt Cou tal hi t fl a Ame e Re y Memo a um o La ( 28 .
pl n e ue td ha he r l m o ie n
ow
nd d pl
r nd f w. DE )
The Repl i udesf appendi
y ncl
our
ces. ç ppe x A ' i an afi tdat M a 20,2011,fom M ovanti
d ndi ' s
A
fdavi ed y
r
n

whihh atss s jc t tep nat ofpej y,h tt al gainsi teMoi t Va t aetu a
c e tet,ube to h e l
y
rur ta he l to n h ton o cae r re nd
e
c r c. ç pe di B'i a c p ofp gef re n ( 4)o t Cou tsf m M o in t Va ae Se Asde
ore t ç n x ' s o y a ou te 1 f he r' or
Ap
to o c t , t i ,
orCorect Sent
r
ence by Per on i Feder Cusody,whi i sgned by couns Ri r Kl
s n
al t
ch s i
el cha d ugh,and i
n

4Thecour a st pe tnentpr e a hit y s tf t i t R&R. ( 3 a 18 .
t dopt he ri
oc dur l sor e orb n he
DE 9 t -1
5Unl sot r s i caed, alr f enc t dRepl 'ord pl bre r f rt M o ' r pl memor ndum oflw
es hewie ndi t
l eer es o t y' ç y if' e e o vants e y
Re
a
a

fldi rs o s t teGo en n ' o o iint teMoint Va ae ( 2 1
i n ep n e o h v r me ts pp sto o h to o c t.DE 8.
e

whih M ovants st t ut oft M oton t V acae, daed Aprl21 201 çAppendi C' i a c of
c
wear he r h he i o
t t
i , 0. s
x ' s opy
a CM /
ECF Notce of El r c Fii , whih sat t t a cas was elctoni l opened and
i
ectoni lng
c t es ha
e
e r caly
a nita i y cl ed on Aprl27, 201 a 800 am.
dmi sr tvel os
i
0 t : . EDT b c us t r wa dgl i tai do ume t'
e a e he e s tn o niitng c n .
'

une
ld
i or
GA Ppendi D ' i an unsi
û
x 's
gned af i t fom M ova .f On J 23, 2011 M ovantfie a M oton f
fdavi r
nt
,
Le t Fie a Amended Re y M emor
ave o l n
pl
andum . ( 35 .By Or r dae Aug t2, 01 , u eBr wn
DE 2
de , t d us 2 1 J dg o

denid t M oton f Leave t Fie an Am ended Repl M emor ndum becauseofundue del . ( 38 .
e he i or
o l
y
a
ay DE 1
l t Pr i i y R&R,J
n he elm nar
udge Br
own r
ecom mendst tt Cour gr t M ovants r
ha he
t ant he
' eques t
to

am e t moton t vaca e t i ude Appendi A and deny al of M ovants ot r
nd he i o
t o ncl
x
1
' her equesst amend.
t o

( 39a 8 1 .Mo n oj csa dc ne t tt r i n u ued lya dteewilb noprj c
DE t -01 va t bet n o tnds ha hee s o nd ea n h r l e
eudie
t t Govert enti M ovanti per it t amend t M oton t Vaca e. M ovantsat t the s
o he
rm
f
s m ted o
he
i o
t
t es ha
eekst
o
l e bot an Am ended M oton t Vaca e and an Am ended Repl i or çt enhance t Cour ' and t
5l h
i o
t
y n der to
he
ts
he

( ov r me tsa lt t a e stecl msale d r ie ' Mov ntas man anst a hewiln a
Gl e n n ' biiy o ddrs h ai r a y as d.
' a lo it i h t
l ot dd
ne cams bu rt e wila dealt e sig cai t t nh nce a ve s ra a j diildip ii
w li , t ah r l dd t i o xitn l ms o û a ll d ra il nd u ca s oston
e
of hi cur e cl m s. Furhe , M ovant aver t t t f t t t Gover
s r nt ai '
'
t r
s ha he act ha he
nment w il have t expend
l
o

a tonaltme and r our t addr t Amended M oton t Vacat i nota vald r on t de
ddii
i
es ces o
ess he
i o
es
i eas o ny
M ovantl t a end gi n t l h oft s encet tM ova i se vi . ( 40 .
eave o m
ve he engt
he ent
ha
nt s r ng DE )
a. M ovantsM oton t Fie an Am ended Repl M em or
'
i o l
y
andum

Fis,as t M ovants M oton f Leave t Fie an Am ended Re y M em or
rt
o
'
i or
o l
pl
andum , Judge Br
own

d nid t i mo in.( 38 . The Co tr viwsa Or rfo aM a sr t J ge c nc r ng a no
e e h s to DE 1
ur e e n de r m
gitae ud o e ni
ndiposii materf clareror 28U. C. 63 b)l( ; d. Ci P. 2 () M ova tsae t t h
s tve t or e r .
S. j 6( ( )A) Fe R. v. 7 a .
n tts ha t e

Courts d pe thi t t e t Am e
houl rmi m o 5l he
nded Repl M em or
y
andum becaus one ofhi a t neysw asnot
e
s tor
avaiabl f an uni iid r on,t pari pat i t dr tng oft Repl . M ovantf t c ends
l e, or
dentfe eas o tci e n he afi
he
y
urher ont
6M
o a ti taly fld a une utd c oft afi twiht sRe y. g 284.A fw d y ltrM o a t
v n nii l ie n xec e opy he fdavi t hi pl DE - ) e a s ae, v n
fld a e utd c oft afi t ( 31.
ie n xec e opy he fdavi. DE 1

t tt Couts ul al hi t d ail a d f u g'te ag nt i t i ta Re y ( 35.
ha he r ho d l m o d rfy) n oc sl'h rume s n he niil pl DE 1
ow
cl
TheCo trj csteec ntnins Mov n h sno pr de a ye a to f whyhewa no a et
ur eet h s o e to . a t a t ovi d n xplnain or
s t bl o
.

m a t ar ent cont ned i t Am ended Repl i t i talRepl . Judge Br
ke he gum s
ai n he
y n he nii
y
own gr ed M ova
ant
nt
ext i oftme t fl t Re y and, uli el M ovantwas gi n oversi m ont fom t flng of
ensons i o ie he pl
tmat y,
ve
x
hs r he ii
t Gover
he
nments r pons t do s . As s
' es e o
o
uch,t Cour mus tnd t tJudge Br
he
t t i ha
own' Or denyi
s der
ng

M ovantl t Gl an Amended Repl M em or
eave o e
y
andum wasnotcl eror7
ear r .
b. M ovantsReques t Am end t M oton t Vacat
'
to
he
i o
e

Se
cond,J
udge Br
own r
ecom mends t tt Courtdeny M ovant sr
ha he
' eques f l
t or eave t am e t
o
nd he

Moin t Va ae Mo n o jcst J geBrwn' rc mme ain o fin s go s ( 40.
to o c t. va t bet o ud
o s e o nd to n ares rund DE J
.

Thi Cour m us r ew,de nov , t epo t nso t R&R t whih apa t o j cs 28U. C. 636
s
t t evi
o hos ri
o f he
o c
ry bet.
S. j

( ()C)Jeh-yS.M Sat Bd o c o aeo or a 8 F. 50 51 1 ( 1hCi 1 0)
b)1( ; f e
t e fEdu .fstt fGe gi, 96 2d 7, 2-3 1t r 99 .
.

Rul 15 of t Feder Rul of Ci lPr
e
he
al es
vi ocedur gover am endment i t cont of ci l
e
ns
s n he
ext
vi
pr di i udi m otons fl pur uantt 28 U .S. j 2
ocee ngs, ncl ng
i
ied s
o
C. 255. Ma e v Fel ,5 U. 6 65
yl . i 45 S. 44, 5
x

( 005 )Fa rs v Unie Sats 3 F.d 1 1 1 5 ( 1h Ci.20 ) Pur uant t Fed.R.Ci P.
2 ) r i . td t e , 33 3 2l , 21 1 t r 03
s
o
v.
.

1 a( ) M o ntma no a nd hi M o in t Va aea amatrofc s b c us her q se Ia
5() 1, va
y t me s to o c t s te oure e a e e ue td e ve
t amend i hi Repl afert Gover enthad aleady r ponded t t M oton. Thus M ovantm a
o
n s
y, t he
nm
r
es
o he
i
,
y
onl amend wih w rte cons oft Gover
y
t it n
ent he
nmentorl
eaveoft Cour. Fe R. v. 1 ( )2 . Th
he
t d. Ci P. 5 a( ) e
deci on whet t gr l
si
her o ant eave t am e i w ihi t s
o
nd s t n he ound dicr ton oft t i cour. Be Canvas
s ei
he ral
t st
Pr
oduct ( Su is,I v Pl f T u k L ne , nc,7 3 F. 6 8 ( lh Ci.1 3) W hl t Cou t
s f pple nc. . oo r c i s I
1 2d 1 lt r 98 . ie he r

s oud fe l gi la wh nj tc s rqurs Fe R.Ci P.1 ()2) te Elv t Cic th s
h l rey ve e ve e usie o e ie, d.
v. 5a( , h e enh rui a
rc g z dta i i wihi teCoutsdiceint d n la t a nddu t peu c , bad f t or
e o nie h t t s t n h
r' srto o e y eve o me
e o rj die
aih,
7TheCour r ogniest tJ
t ec z ha udgeBr
own' Or de ng t M oton f Leav t fl a Am e
s der nyi he
i or
e o ie n
nded Repl r f s t
y e er o
t Pr lmi r R&R a t t Cour mus, i consderng an R&R,r vi t r or #e nov . H owe r
he ei na y
nd hat he
t t n
i i
e ew he ec d
o
ve ,

bea s J d eBr wnis e a Or e d n igtemoina no j s a R&R, n temoinse sr l fta i
c u e u g o su d n d r e yn h to nd t u t n
a d h to e k ei h t s
e
non- s ii ofM ova ' cli , t pr rsa r ofr e i cl rero . Regadls ,ev unde ade nov
dipostve
nts ams he ope tndad eviw s ea r r
r e s en
r
o
sa r t r c d s rsade a o M o tsr uett fl anAmendedRe y a M ova hasnotpr de a
tnda d, he e or uppo t
nil f van ' eq s o ie
pl s
nt
ovi d n
ex anai ast whyt agumen sma i t Amende Re y we enota s re i t i ta Re y t tM ov
pl ton o
he r
t de n he
d pl r
s e td n he niil pl ha
ant
ha sx m o hst fl .
d i nt o ie
4

undue dely on t par oft M ovant War v.Al
a
he t he
.
ner
exander Grant& Co., 8 F. 1 28 1 3l( 1h
28 2d 5 , 5 1 t

Ci.1 )
r 987 .
Her ,t Cour a fnnsand a sJudge Br n' r
e he
t fi
dopt
ow s ecomm endaton t gr M ovantsr
i o ant
' eques f
t or
l t amend t M oton t Vaca et i ude Appendi A - t om it sgnat e page. The Cour alo
eave o
he
i o
t o ncl
x
he ted i ur
t s
afims and adopt J
fr
s udge Br
own' r
s ecomm endaton t deny M ova ' r
i o
nts eques t am end t M oton t
to
he
i o

Va a et i l det o he a e c st t e Re y b i fa d t a un pe i d a e
c t o nc u he t r pp ndie o h pl re n o dd s c se m ndme t p o t dl
n s um re y
cont ned i M ovants Rep1 bref8f t r ons sat i t R&R , s fc l undue dely and
ai
n
'
y i , or he eas
t ed n he
peciialy
a

peu c t teGo rme t Mo ntdi n rqu s la et a n u tlh Gldhi Re ybre, neary
rjdie o h ven n. va d ot e et e v o me d ni e e s pl if l
o e( )y a atrh fldhi M o i t Va aea a trt eGo r n f r ae ar s ns M ovant
n 1 e r fe e ie s ton o c t nd fe h venme t o multd e po e
.

ha n tpr vie a r a o f rwh t eu pe i e a n nt a M o n ' afda tCl e i D'
s o o d d ny e s n o y h ns ct d me dme s nd va ts fi vi App ndx '
i
)
wer notpar oft i talM oton t Vacat Thus t Courta fr sJudge Br
e
t he nii
i o
e.
f im
own' r
s ecom mendaton t
i o
, he
deny l ve t amend t M oton t Vacat . Ba rt v Ide nd ntOre o
ea o
he
i o
e ret . n pe e
d r fForses 6 F. 73 7
etr, 25 2d , 5

( t Ci.1 0 ( fimig tilc r' de a ofmo in f la e t a nd wh r t eplitf s u tt
5h r 98 ) a fr n ra ou ts nil
to or e v o me
e e h an if o gh o
a e t c
m nd he ompl ntt m ont afert i talcompl ntwas fl t add m a t st tcoul have been
ai en
hs t he nii
ai
ied o
ter ha
d

r ie i ta l ; M o ev Bal ,1983 U S.Ap LEXI 2 96,a * - 4 ( 1h Ci.J ne23 1 3
as d niily)9 or . kom
p.
S 64 t 45 * 6 1 t r u
98 )
,
.

(i ngt a t etilc u tdi n ta us isds r to i d n ng amo in f Ia t a n a h b s
fndi h t h ra o r d o b e t icein n e yi
to or e ve o me d a ea
petton i a c t cas whe e pe ii
ii n apial e
r ttoner w a r esent by couns , couns r e r t t is
s epr
ed
el
el ef r ed o he s ue
pettonerlt s
ii
a er oughtt amend i t ori nalhabeas petton, a pettone s
o
n he gi
ii nd ii r oughtt amend t year
o
wo
s

a trt ha a peii wa fld .
fe he be s tton s ie )
The Cour alo deni l
t s
es eave t a end f a addii
o m
or n
tonalr on t i pr
eas hat s ocedur i namr . A s
al n
e
r er
ef enced above,M ovantf l t fl a s a e moton f I
aied o ie epar t
i or eave t amend, and,i t weaved t
o
nsead
he
r
eques i o hi Repl m emor
t nt s
y
andum,whi i i ope . M ova alo f l t pr de t Cour w ih a
ch s mpr r
nt s aied o ovi he
t t
8Movantr se lavet ame t i ude i or toncont ne i hi Re y bref Howe r t Repl brefi
eque td e o nd o ncl nf mai
ai d n s pl i .
ve , he
y i s
vol nousa t ,i i notclarwhati or ton i t bre c tt est pr e amendme s
umi
nd, hus t s
e
nf mai n he if onsiut he opos d
nt.

4.
)

( 28a
DE t

9TheElve t Cic thasado e asbi ng pr ede , de sonsoft Fi Cicui hande downprort
e n h r ui
pt d
ndi ec nt cii
he hh r t
d
i o
Ocobe 1 1 l.Bonne v.Prc d,66lF.2 1 6( 1hCi.l 81.
t r , 98
r
ihar
d 20 1t r 9 )
5

pr ed Amende M oton t Vaca e purs t LocalRul 15. . W ihouta pr ed a ended M oton
opos
d
i o
t
uant o
e 1
t
opos m
i
t Vacat t Cour cannotas t n wha al of t amendment ar and whet t y ar f ie eiher
o
e, he
t
cerai
t l he
s e
her he e utl t

becaus t y f lt cur t f ci i ufi ency oft cl ms or becaus t ar untmel and do not
e he ai o e he a al ns fci
he ai
e hey e i y
s epr ent
el he
r at back t t orgi cl m s1 G i t M ovant i r es ed by couns , t Cour fnds t s
el e
o he i nal ai .0 ven hat
t i hi

pr
ocedur ga f pari ary toublng asi dem onsr es a bes ,a l ofknowl oft l es ofci l
al f e tcul l r i
t
tat , t t ack
edge he '
ul
vi

pr c d e a d,a wo s ,a c m p e e d se r f t r e .As s c f t s r a o a t r a o s t
o e ur , n t r t o l t i r ga d or he ul s
u h, or hi e s n nd he e s n e
f t above,t Cour w ilnotconsi t uns fed amendm e s and M ovants afi ti ass sng
orh
he
t l
der he pecii
nt
' fdavi n es i
whe herM ovantscli sar f ci l s fci t warantan evi ir hearng.l
t
' a m e a aly uf i ent o r
denta y
i '
However t Cour declnes t a
, he
t
i
o dopt Judge Br
own' r
s ecom mendaton t i e t r d
i o gnor he ecor
ciatons pr ded by M ova f t frt tme i hi Repl bref These ciatons r er t t t i
ti
ovi
nt or he is i n s
y i.
ti
ef o he ral
tans i . Gi t vol i
r crpt ven he um nousna ur oft ti tans i a t f t M ovanti r es ed by
t e he ral r crpt nd he act hat
s epr ent
couns ,M ovants d ha pr de t ciatonsi hi M oton t Vac eor att ver l t dr ed
el
houl ve ovi d hese t i n s
i o
at , he y eas, aft
hi cl m sw ih mor s cii t N one hel s,t r d ciatons do notconsiut ne cl ms orne
s ai
t
e pe fciy.
t es he ecor t i
tt e w ai
w
evi
dence and t cia i wer pr ded bef eJudge Br
he t tons e ovi
or
own is hi Pr i nar R&R. Ass
s ued s elmi y
uch,t
he
Cour w ilconsde t i eval tng M ovantscl ms.
t l
i r hem n
ua i
' ai

B.Cert n ofM ovantsCl m sM ustBe Sum m arl Deni
ai
' ai
iy
ed

En ah besc puspo e di ,tebude i o te g va j...t etbls t ne dfra
s a a or rc e ng h r n s n h Mo nt
l
o sa ih he e o n
e d ntay h a ig ...gl ah be sp tton d sno al gee oug s cii f cst t i t e weetu ,
vie ir e rn
lf a a e ii oe t l n h pe fc a t ha, f h y r r e
e
wo dwa rn rle ,heg o n)i n e tte t a e d n ir he rng' Chav zv Uni dSt e , 7
ul ra t eif t M va t s ot n ild o n vie tay a i .
'
e . t ats 64
e
' Th sat e oflmiai f cl msfld u r28 U .S. j 2 5 i o e()yerfo te fn l u g n o
0 e t ut
i ttons or ai ie nde
C. 2 5 s n 1 a rm h ia j d me t f

Mo a tsc n cin.28U. C. 2 5 ( 1. Mov n fldhsMoin t Va aeo tels d yo tesaueo
v n' o vito
S. j 2 5 9()
a t ie i to o c t n h at a f h ttt f
Imiains Acc di y,a amende cai a e tmebar d u es t y r lt ba t t orgi cli i
i tto .
or ngl ny
d l ms r i - re nl s he eae ck o he i nal ams n

a c r wi Fe . Ci P.1 ()
c od t d R. v. 5c .
h
l Thi i no i onssentwih t Cour' de son t afim J
1 s s t nc it
t he
ts cii o fr udge Br sr commenda i t gr ntM ovan '
own' e
ton o a
ts
r s t amend t M oton t i ude Appe x A - t om it sgnaur pa Thi i be us ast Appendi
equet o
hc
i o ncl
ndi
he ted i t e ge. s s ca e, o
x
A,t Cour ca as ran s cii ly wha t pr e a ndmen enc
he
t n ce ti pe fcal
t he opos d me
t ompases a Mova pr de a
s nd
nt ovi d n

e pa ainfrwh tesg auepa ewa n tfldwi teMoint Va ae g 2 a f 2qFute, r tig
x ln to o y h in tr g s o i t h to o c t.DE 8 tn. . rh rpemit
e h
n
te a n me tt a d te sg aue p g a t i p iti te ltg t n d e n tc u e a y peu ie t te
h me d n o d h in tr a e t hs on n h iiai o s o a s n rj dc o h
o
Gove m e .
m nt

F.d 1 7,1 60 ( 1h Ci,2 1 (ntr a cttons a q tto o te ) The Elv n h Cic t
3 05 0 1 t r 01 ) i e n l ia i nd uo ains mi d .
l
e e t rui
r
ecogni i Chav t tt diti courtne nottm i t r d ...huntng f tufles bured i
zed n
ez ha he srct
ed
d ne he ecor
i or r t
i n
bref ' i or t fnd f st suppor M ovantscl m s 1 at1061. l
i s,' n der o i act hat
t
' ai . d.
ndeed, Rul 2( ) 1 a d ( o
e b ( ) n 2) f

t Feder Rul Gover ng Secton 2255 Pr edi pr des t a m oton f l under 28 U . C.
he
al es
ni
i
oce ngs ovi hat
i ied
S.

j2 5muts cf al gr nd f rle a ai bl t t mo ngpat a sat t cst tsp r
25 s pe iy l ou s or eif v l e o he vi ry nd t e hefa t ha upo t
a
e c gr nd.(mp ss a e . The Cou ti no r q rd t hol a e d ntay h a i b s d o
a h ou e ha i dd d)
r s t e uie o d n vie ir e rng a e n
ge al c us y alega i t lck specii f t s
ner , oncl or l tons hat a
fc ac ual uppor. Lynn v. Unied St es,365 F. 1225,
t
t
at
3d

1 39( 1h Ci. 0 ;Te d v Du r 9 F.d 1 ,1 59( 1hCi.1 )
2 1 t r 20 4) ja a . gge , 41 2 551 5 1 t r 991 .
a.Cl m sf I fe tv As it nc ofCouns l( a ms1 1 1 ,24 2 27 29 32,35 3
ai or ne fc ie ssa e
e Cli 6, 7, 9 - 5, - ,
- 8,
4 42 4
0, - 3)
l i wel- etl t i or t demons r e i f i asssanc ofcouns ,M ova mus show
t s ls ted hat n der o
tat nefectve it e
el
nt t

( )t tMov ntsat n y' pe f ma c wa d fce ti t a c ns lma e r r s s roust a c un e
1 ha
a ' tor e s ror n e s e iin n h t ou e de ro s o e i h t o s l
wa no f ncinig a t c uns lg rn e d by t Si h Ame me t a d ( ta t e dee tv
s t u to n s he o e uaa t e
he xt
nd n ; n 2) h t h fcie

p ror n e prj die t d f ns t s h a de r e t t t r s t oft e ti c nn t be tu td.
e f ma c e u c d he e e e o uc
g e ha he e uls h ral a o
r se
Stika v Wa higtn,46 U. 6 ,6 ( 98 ;s e alo M l rz v Car ir 4 U. 4 ,488
rc lnd . s n o 6 S. 68 87 1 4) e s / tp . re , 77 S. 78
r.
( 98 ) ( di ta Stika ts a is t cams f i fe tve a ssa e o a pelt c ns l.
1 6 hol ng h t rc lnd e t ppl o li or ne fci sitnc f p lae ou e)
e
Thi sanda d i noteas t m ee as tr vi ng cours mus i ge a sr pr
st r s
y o
t de ewi
t
t ndul
tong esum pton t couns '
i hat
els

c du tf lswihn t e wie r n ofpr f si a a ssa e;t ti,t e g ov nt mus o r ome te
on c al t i h d a ge
o e son l s itnc ha s h M a l t vec
h
pr
esumpton t t under t cicum sances t chalenged ac i m i be c i ed s
i ha ,
he r
t
, he
l
ton ght
onsder ound ti
ral
sr egy.' 1 a 689. M or
tat ' d. t
eover ast t s
, o he econd par oft t t M ova m us esabls t t e wasa
t he es,
nt t t ih hat her
r onabl pr
eas
e obabiiy t t r ulswoul have been dif entbutf c els defci peror ance.
lt hat he es t
d
fer
or ouns ' i ent f m
1 at696. Fi l t El nt Cicui has r
d.
naly, he eve h r t
ecogni t i t c e of i f i as it
zed hat n he ont xt nefectve ssance of

c uns lcams ûe v n i ma y r a on bl lwye swoul n ha e d e a de e e c ns ldd a til
o e li ,l j e f n e s a e a r
g
d ot v on s fns ou e i t ra,
no r i can be gr ed on i f i nes gr
elef
ant
nefectve s oundsunl s i i s
es t s hown t tno r
ha
easonabl l
e awyer,i t
n he

crumsan e wo dh vedo s ' Ro r v Zan,1 F.d38 3 ( 1hCi.1 94) (mp ssa de )
ic t c s ul a ne o. ge s . t 3 3 4, 86 1 t r 9 .e ha i d d .
'

Cl m 16:Tri couns pr de i f tveas st
ai
al
el ovi d nef ec i
si ance i f lng t pre
n aii o senta de ens
f e
of I of i ent t concealf
ack
nt
o
rom t atorne re pi s t pertnent st ut y
he t y ci ent he
i
at or
at ri es of t propert t aded and f l t re nd, i t s of eiher
t but
he
y rans
aied o spo
n erm
t
e dence or ar ent t t governm ents f ualy f se and i proper cont i
vi
gum , o he
' act l al
m
entons
of t m ovant' conceal ent of inanci i orm aton f om hi at
he
s
m
al nf
i r
s t
orneys and t
he
governm ents ass ed ditncton bet
'
ert
si i
ween at orneys who act <witngl ' t
ed ç t i y'
i
ncl ng s e who r ved c h - and att neysw ho act Gun
udi om
ecei
as
or
ed
w itngl ' whtre
ti y,'
counselwas aware ofevi
dence as t atorneys havi advi d t m ovant r
o t
ng
se he
egardi
ng
seti up t check paym ent and e ablshi patern ar
tng
he
s
st i ng t
rangem e
nt wih ot
s t her
couns such t t
el
hat here w as no ac ualor i ended conceal
t
nt
ment i t t a
n he r
b
ns tons
ac i
et
ween t m ovantand hi at orneys
he
s t
.
Fis,t s cl m i wrten i s a convol ed manner as t r
r t hi ai s it n uch
ut
o ender i neary uni eli bl
t
l
nt lgi e.

Howe ,upon ar ew oft ot rcl m sas ert by M ovantasw el ast Gove nments r
ver
evi
he he ai
s ed
l he
r
' espons t
eo
t M oton t Vacat , and M ovantsr y,t Cour has a rt ned t Cl m 1 concer t mone
he
i o
e
' epl he
t
sce ai
hat ai 6
ns he
y
l
aunderng c gesagai tM ovant s fcaly Count 2 and 34- . By way ofbackgr
i har
ns
s
41
, pecii l
ound,Count2 of
t i cm entchar M ovantwih cons rng t vi at 1 U .
he ndit
ged
t
pii o ol e 8

i
S. j 1 6 ( )1( ()2by l
C. 95 a ( )B)i1 aunderng
d u pr e dsfo 1 9 tr ght rt r ofte i it nti vi ai ofj l 6 h) ( l 5 a 25 .
r g oc e r m 97 h ou he eu n h ndcme n olton
95 ( DE 8 4 t )
.

Count 34- oft i ct entchar M ovantwih a di r e pori oft e ove al money l
s 41 he ndi m
ged
t
sc et
ton h
rl
aunderng
i
s
cheme i vi aton of l8 U .S. j 1 6 () l( () Sp cfc l , hec r n Ing a fo Cou t 3 n ol i
C. 95 a ( )B)i. e iial t hagig a u ge r m
y
ns 4
41 oft i ct
he ndi mentpr des i part t M ovantçdi know i y conduc and atemptt conduct and
ovi , n
, hat
ld
ngl
t
t
o
,
,

caus t be conduced, fnanci ta actons afectng i er t e and f ei com mer t i, t
e o
t
i
al r ns i
f i nt sat
or gn
ce, hat s he

wrii oft checks ...on an accountatl r Gener Ba Lt ., i t name of d onar Fredman '
tng he
s ael
al nk d n he
Le d i
,

pa e t t ator ys . . .'( 1 54 a 3 37 . Pu a t rwa tes c n sc a g d M o n wih
yabl o he t ne
' DE 8 t 6- ) t nohe y, h e ou t h r e va t t
l
aunderng dr pr
i
ug oceedsi t f m ofcas i o checksdr w n on an l r el bank, hi w e e t us
n he or
h nt
a
sa i
w ch r hen ed
t pay cerai a t neyswho r es ed M ova .
o
t n tor
epr ent
nt
l Cl m l6,M ovantcont
n ai
endst ti couns wasi f tve i f lng t pr e a def ns t
hat ral
el
nef ec i n aii o es nt
e e hat
M ovant l
acked t r sie i e t concealt sat or a ti es oft d
he equi t nt nt o
he t ut y trbut
he

r g p oc e (he n t e
u r e ds t aur,

1 Thi s to of t money lund i
2 s ecin
he
a ern
g saut ma i unl ult e
tt e kes t awf o ngage i fna a ta a tons wih t
n i ncil r ns c i
t he
pr ee ofs cii unlwf aci t knowi t t ta a tonsa edesgne i whol o i pa tt c alor
oc ds pe fed a ul tviy
ng hat he rns c i r
i dn
di
e r n r o once
s s t na ur ,t l a i , tes c t ownes p, ort c r oft f . 18U
guie he t e he oc ton h our e,he
rhi
he ontol he unds

SC. 95 ()1( ()
. j1 6a()B)i.

.

t
j
'
.
'
q
!
.

?
:
y
'

l ain,s ure o rhi o c nto oft f nds fo te atr yshep d wiht c ec drwn o
oc to o c , wne s p, r o r l he u ) r m h to ne
ai t he h ks a n

?

.
j
E
'
ê
:

1

l aelGener Bank. M ovantalo a s t t ti couns was i f tve i f lng t r pond t t
sr
al
s ver ha ral
el
nef ec i n aii o es
o he
Gover ents df s and i pr
nm ' dale
m opercont i ' t M ovantconceal ifnanci i onnaton' fom hi
entons' hat
ed di
al nf
i 'r
s

to n ys
tr e

1

a

y

a s M ovant çr di s ti up t check payment and es a ihi pater arangement wih
dvi ed
Gegar ng e tng
he
s
t bls ng l n r
s t

.

Mo a tmanan ta tilc u s lwa a r ta teatre wh rc ie tec ek
v n itis h t ra o n e s wae h t h t nys o e ev d h h c s
o

(

ot couns ' and,as such,t e was no act or i ended conceal e of t atrbut oft dr
her
el'
her
ual nt
m nt he ti es he ug
pr eedsbet
oc
ween M ovantand t a t neys.
he tor

(

J
udge Br n r
ow ecom mends t tt Courtdeny Cl m 1 because M ovanthas f l t pr de
ha he
ai 6
aied o ovi
)
#
'
)
j
j

(
.

.

rcr ctt n o afdvt ta til o ne wa a r o wh th atre swh rcie tecek
eod i i s r fia i htr cu sl s wae f a te tony o eevd h hc s
ao
s
a

'

:
)
ï

.

a vie M o n t do a dic s d i Cl i l . I addii M ovanthas f ld t i iy ore ai t
d s d va t o
s s us e n a m 6 n
ton,
aie o dentf
xpl n he

r
!

çpa tr ar a
d te n r ngem e s wih ot couns y'and t i iy who dot c el'i .
nt t her
el'
o dentf
t her ouns ' s

r

camst th i no rq rdt prvieatda t a t ssa eo t prc e ngsa de ni rquie , he
li ha e s t e uie o o d fi vis thi tg f he o e di n ve f e rd

:

pr ded hi own af i texpl ni t alega i i Cl m 1 . ( 4 a 1 1 1 Mov ntsctto t
ovi
s
fdavi
ai ng he l tons n ai 6 DE 0 t 5- 6 . a , i j n o
a

è

hi o afd vi s bmitd on Re y,( 28 a 25,i i u fce tt c r t d fc s i t s cam
s wn fia t u te
pl DE
t ) s ns fiin o u e he ee t n hi li

'
:
C

j
p

Moat betad
vn ojcs n

ë
7
è

,
.
t

.

becaus t Cour has deni M ovants r
e he
t
ed
' eques t a end t M oton t Vacat t i ude t afi vi
to m
he
i o
e o ncl
he fda t

E
'
t

and,r dl s,t af i t does not addr whet ti couns wer awar of t advi M ovant
egar es he fdavi
ess
her ral
el e
e
he
ce

)

.

pur edl r ved fom t a t neyswho r ved t che . Furt ,M ovanthasf l t i iy
port y ecei
r he tor
ecei he cks
her
aied o dentf

î

orpr de r cor cia i wih r pectt t <f s and i pr
ovi e d ttons t es
o he çale
m opercont i ' made by t Gover ent
entons'
he
nm

'

q
.

t M ovantc
hat
onceal -fnanci i onnaton, fom hi ator ysasr er ed i Cl i I;
ed -i
al nf
i ,r
s t ne
ef enc n a m t.

l addii t s cl m r t on t as umpton t t t sec i oft m one l
n
ton, hi ai ess
he s
i ha he ton he
y aunderng s aut
i tt e

'

p

un rwhc M ov n wa c r ed j 1 6 () l( () r q r st Go e nme t p o t tMov n
de ih
a t s hag , 95 a( )B)i, e uie he v r nt o r ve ha
at

è

ie
nt nded t concealordiguie t a ti es oft dr pr
o
s s he trbut
he ug oceeds f om t ator ys who r ved t
r he t ne
ecei he

:
p
.

checks and t t t a t neys wer unawar oft e atrbut . However t Gover e need onl
ha he tor
e
e
hes ti es
, he
nm nt
y

'
)
,

t
.

pr t M ovanti e
ove hat
nt nded t concealdi s t atrbut f om aut ii , n fom t a t n yswho
o
/ sguie he ti es r
hortes ot r he tor e

y

wer pari t t e tans tons. Unie St e v Ha s n,33 F. 1 4, 1 74 75 ( 1h Ci.2 3
e tes o hes r ac i
td ats . s o
3d 26 2 - 1 t r 00 )

l
t
y

9

E
L

)
.
;

(idi e i n e t c n c t d f n n of c ns r c t lu e mon y s fce t wh r i
fn ng vde c o o vit he e e da t
o pia y o a nd r
e ufiin e e t
del tat t def ndantsatem pt t concealt s ce, owner hi l i orcontoloft f
nons r ed he e
' t so
he our
s p, ocaton
r
he unds

fom te FBIa d t I ;Unie St e v Wila s6 F.d 55 , 56 - (t Ci.201 )(i ng
r h
n he RS) td ats . lims 05 3 6 4 67 8h r 0 fndi

e de e s t e tt s ti c nvci u e j1 6 ()1( ()whee ûhe go r n pee td
vi nc ufkin o usan o iton nd r 95 a( )B)i r G
t venme t rsne
e d nc t tt d fnd n srcue ta ato wih fcii s na s t a oi p ef r e nt
vie e ha he ee a t tu trd rnscins t ittou me o v d Jw no cme
ate in c c ri t nauea d s reof(he f n ' (mp ssa de ) Th ,t Co tafr
tnto on enng he tr n ouc
t q u ds' e ha i d d. us he ur fims
)
J
udgeBr
own' r
s ecom m enda i a dim is Cl m 1 .
ton nd s s es ai 6
Cl m 17:Tralcounse pr ded i f i asss ance i f lng t cros ai
i
l ovi
nefectve it
n aii o
s exam i or
ne
cal wine es t s
l t ss o how t atorneys w ere aware of t nat of t t ans i
hat t
he ure
he r actons
and t t t actons di notconcealf om t
hat he rans i
d
r
hem t s at ory atri e atisue.
he t ut
t but s s
Thus i a c e aboutconceal entm one I
, n as
m
y aunderi notone que i wasasked of
ng,
ston
any r pi ofa check as t whet he or shewel kne t t f
eci ent
o
her
l w hat he undscam e f
rom
t movant and t
he
hat t m ovant had no I ul s ces of i
he
awf our
ncom e or as et .
s s
Counsels f l e t as s
' aiur o k uch ques i was t
tons
hen ar
gued by t governm ent i
he
n
cl ng,such t t def e havi f l t chalenge t governm ent' t y,
osi
hat he ens
ng aied o
l
he
s heor
conviton of count carr ng a s ence of 180 years w as rendere vi t l
ci
s
yi
ent
d r ualy
i viabl
ne t e.

Cl m 17,lke Cl m l concer Count 2 and 34- 1oft i ct . J
ai
i ai 6,
ns
s
4
he ndi ment udge Br
own
r
ecom mendst tt Cour de t scl m summ arl becaus M ova f l t i iy any wines es
ha he
t ny hi ai
iy
e
nt ais o dentf
t s

t ts d ha been caled and doesnotpr de af i t fom t uni ntfed wines eswho
ha houl ve
l
ovi fdavis r he de ii
t s
he alegeswoul have t tfed i t mannerdes i i Cl m 1 . M ovantr s ess i l t
l
d
es ii n he
crbed n ai 7
aies entaly he

smeo jcini rs onet t scam a hedo st Cli l n meyt thei n trqurdt
a beto n e p s o hi li s
e o am 6, a l ha s o e ie o
pr de afi t ,a anywa he pr ded hi own af i t Agai t Cour wilnotconsder
ovi fdavis nd,
y,
ovi
s
fdavi.
n, he
t l
i

M o n ' afda t( e x D)a i c nsiu e n w e de c n p e o l pa t t r c r
va ts fi vi App ndi
s t o ttt s e vi n e ot r viusy r of he e o d
and M ovanthasnotpr ded a r on f hi undue del i f lng t i ude t i or i i
ovi
ny eas or s
ay n aii o ncl he nf maton n
t afi ti hi M oton t Vaca e. Abs consde aton oft i or a i i t af i t
he fdavi n s i o
t
ent
i r i
he nf m ton n he fdavi,
M ovanthasf l t i iy t w ines est s d ha been caled who woul ha s
aied o dentf he t s hat houl ve
l
d ve uppored
t
hi cl m .M ovantal f l t i iy t wines est ts d havebeen cr s ai
so ais o dentf he t s ha houl
ossexami . W ihout
ned
t
t si or i t cl m i t concl y t ass s undert Sti and t t whe hercouns
hi nf maton, he ai s oo
usor o es ,
he rckl es, t
el

a ed r onabl i declni t cal orc os ct eas
yn
i ng o l r s exam i wines eson t i s ofwhehert
ne t s
he s ue
t he
a t neyswer awar oft na ur oft tans i r er
tor
e
e he t e he r actons ef enced i Cl m 1 . Furher M ova has
n ai 7
t ,
nt

f l t pr de any afi vist es abls t t ator who r ved t checkswer a eof
aied o ovi
fda t o t ih hat he t neys
ecei he
e war
t nat e oft ta actonsasaleged i t cl m .
he ur he r ns i
l
n he ai
I addii even i t M ovanthad elcie t tm ony att i t tt a t neyswho r ved t
n
ton,
f he
i t d esi
ral ha he tor
ecei he

checksfom M ovantwe e a et t y wer acce i I
r
r war hat he
e
ptng aunde ed pr
r
oceeds,1 t swoul nothave
3 hi
d
as s e M ovanti hi def ns ast t m one I
sit d
n s e e o he
y aunderng count . Thi i becaus ass f t abovei
i
s ss
e, et orh
n

r
espons t Cl m l t Gover e need notpr t tM ovanti ended t concealdiguiet
e o ai 6, he
nm nt
ove ha
nt
o
/ s s he

aliutso t ep oc e fo p rist t ta a to (h at ne ) l ta , t Gover e need
trb e f h r e ds r m a te o he rns cins t e tor ys . nse d he
nm nt
onl pr t M ovants i entwast concealdiguie t na ur , l ton,sour owne s p,orcontol
y ove hat
' nt
o
/ s s he t e oca i
ce,
r hi
r

oft pr eedsofunlw f actviy f om t gover ent H as
he oc
a ul i t r he
nm .
son,33 F. at1 75;W ilams, 605
3d 274li
F. at564- l
3d
67. ndeed,pori oft Gover entscl ng ar
tons he
nm ' osi gumentdi M ovantscont ntont
spel
'
e i hat
t Gover entr i on t ar entt tt a t ne who r i t chec wer unawar t t
he
nm
eled he gum
ha he tor ys
eceved he
ks e
e ha
t y we e acce i l
he r
ptng aunder pr eeds. ( 25 a 1 58 90 .I a iin,heony win s t
ed oc
DE 33 t 6 7- ) n ddto t l t e s he
Gover
nmentcaled,who i i ntfed i t i cm enta r vi t checkss fe i Count 34- 41,
l
s de ii n he ndit
s ecei ng he
peciid n
s
i a t ney Sc tSr ck. M r Sr ck t tfed t the r ved a numberofchecksdr on overeas
s tor
ot ebni
.
ebni esii ha
ecei
awn
s

banksfom i vi she di notknow a t the kne t t checkshe r ei wer pr ded i
r ndi dual
d
nd ha
w hat he
ec ved e ovi n
exc
hangef r es i M ova and co- enda W ileFalon. ( 2 a 6 49 66 ) Th ,cam
or epr entng
nt
def nt li c
DE 495 t 6 - 61 . us li

l i deni
7 s ed.
Cl m 19:Tr alcounselprovi i f i as i ance i f lng t reques a t y
ai
i
ded nefectve sst
n aii o
t heor
of def
ense i ructon as t t desi
nst i
o he
gned conc m ent com ponent of t m oney
eal
he

I
aunde i o f n e , s h t t e jly wa c nf i l alo d t e nvit on
rng fe s s uc hat h tr s o usngy lwe o o c
i perm isi e t ori ,i udi t conceal ent ofa cash t ans i l ng t
m
s bl he es ncl ng he
m
r aeton eadi o
t earler depost of f
he
i
i
unds t
ransat i o conceal ent as t t desi of t
l ed nt
m
o he
gn
he
spendi oft f
ng he unds
.

1 Pori soft Gover ntscosngar
3 ton he
nme ' l i gume dipelM ova ' co enton t tt eGove
nt s
nts nt i ha h
mmen r i on t
t eled he
t b l ra gum e .' ( 2 3 a 1 879 )
'
dum awye r
nt ' DE 5 3 t 65 - 0 .

Thi cl m,Ike Cl m s 16 and 1 , appear t r at t Count 2 and 34- oft i ct
s ai i
ai
7
s o el e o
s
41 he ndi ment
,
alhough t cl m is fi ver vague. M ovantmai ai t ti couns wasi f i i f l t
t
he ai t el s y
nt ns hat ral
el
nefectve n aii o
ng

rq s aj r i tucin t twa rquie d t t d ni e fcua a lga c tx oft sc s'
e uet uy nsr to ha s e rd ue o he s qu a t l nd e l one t hi ae'
u
bec e t c
aus he heck pa ent made t t a t neyswer f t pur e ofM ovants l r es aton
ym s
o he tor
e or he pos
' egal epr ent i
undert Si h A mendm ent t t a t neyswer awar t tM ovantwas t s ce oft payment
he xt
e
e ha
he our
he
, hat he tor

s

a d k w t tM o n h d be n a quitd o C r c nd t' a t tt a t r e h d i tuce M ov n
n ne ha va t a e c tt f c ug o uc , ' nd ha he to n ys a nsr t d
d
at
t make t pa
o
he yment t t
s o hem i t m annert the di .
n he
ha
d

g 28a 2627.J geBr rco n
DE t - ) ud own e mme ds
t tteCo td n t scai beaueMov n fist ie iytej y isrcinta s ul ha b e
ha h ur e y hi l m c s
a t al o d ntf h ur ntu to h t ho d ve e n
gi and i ii onl one oft Ei r isi e t i ' he r er t i t cl m .
ven
dentfes y
he lmpe m s bl heores' ef s o n he ai

M ov n ob e t on
a t jcs
tegou t tvai fr ainsofaj yi tu tonwoul ha b e s fce ta t tt cli i
h r nd ha rous omulto
ur nsrci
d ve e n ufiin nd ha he am s
t tcouns was i f i f f lng t r
ha
el
nefectve or aii o eques any lt y ofdef
t
dheor
ensei tucton.
nsr i

' ( 40a 1 )
' DE t 6 .

The Cour afimsand adopt Judge Br
t fr
s
own' r
s ecomm endaton t deny t cl m bec us M ovant
i o
he ai
a e

f lt i niyt uy i tu tont tc n e s ul h verquetda , t t Cour cannotass s
ai o de tf hej r nsrci ha ou s l ho d a e se nd hus, he
s
t
es ,
undert St ckl t t whet counselact r onabl i f lng t r ques t i t ucton. Furher
he ri and es,
her
ed eas
y n aii o e t he nsr i
t ,

Mo ntpovde n lg la t rt f hsposton t taj r i tu to wa rqurd bea e t
va r i s o e a uho i or i ii ha uy nsrcin s e ie cus he
y
ator
t neysr ved t dr pr
ecei he ug oceedst pay f lgalr esent i .1 M or r asdicuss i r pons
o
or e epr
aton 4
s ed n es e
eove ,
t Cl ms 16 and 17,t Gover
o ai
he
nmentwasnotr quied t pr t M ovanti ended t concealdiguie
e r o ove hat
nt
o
/s s

t e a tiuts of te p o e ds fo p ris t te ta a ton (h a t n ys. Thus an i t ucton
h trb e
h r c e r m a t o h r ns ci s t e tor e )
e
,
nsr i

' M ova a r i hi rpl bref i f t r s
4
nt ve s n s e y i n urhe up

R
po t o hi o j cins t J d e Brwn' Re r a d
r f s be t
o o u g o s pot n
e
commendai t tt Supr me Cour' de son i Cuelar v Unied St e ,553 U . .
ton, ha he
e
ts cii n
l
t
ats
S 5 0 (0 )i sme
u at uae fs i
n ri ltd ah
c
5 2 08 n o
o sp rshsp iinta a u d niidj r isnlto so dh v b e gie b c u ete
n u pot i osto h t n nie tfe uy n t cin h ul a e e n v n ea s h
pur e oft ta a i ast Count 34- 1was lgii ae payme f lgalrpr enato
pos
he r ns ctons o
s 4
e tm t
or
e
Fis, t Elve h Cic tha not a i Cuel i ca es i vi nthe iea acies't in ( 4 a 1 J
rt he e nt r ui s
ppled
lar n s nvol ng t fr ns to 's ci DEhe mt 0.
t
ns e ton oft 6 one
I
y
aunde i saut, 1 U. C.j 1 6 ()1( () u d r whc Mo a twa c nvce .
rng tt e 8 S
95 a()B)i n e ih v n s o itd Cuelar i e prt t
,
f
ç
d
l ntr eed he
e gne t ...c alor diguie ee nt'oft çr ns tton' s c i oft s
si d o
once
s s lme ' he t a porai ' e ton he t
t
()2( () l addii e n i Cuel a ist cas i vi 18 U
a( )B)i. n ton, ve f lar pple o ts nvol ng
a e l U. C.j 1 5
mt. 8 S.
96
atcul e how t Su eme Co ts hol ng r quies M ova ' conviton fj1 5 ()1( () M o a tha n t
S. ormoney lunde i, v n s o
C. 9 6 a()B)
ri atd
he pr
ur' di e r
nts
ci
a
.

-

.

.

.

rng t be va atd
i o
c e
Ther ar ot rcl msi M ova ' peii t tde mor s tntvel wiht Cuelarde son a f whih t .
nts tton ha al e ubsa i y t he
l cii nd or c he
C e e he ai n
our ha notye r ceve an R&R fom J
t s
te i d
r udge Br . Shoul e uai oft e s tntve cli s r quie
own
d val ton
hes ubsa i
am e r
rconsde ai ofCli 1 , t Cou twilr vii t scai i co ton wih t ne R& R.
e i r ton
am 9 he r l e st hi l m n nneci
t he xt
1
2

c nc r ng t e a t ne 'kn e e a utt s ur e a d/ rna u e o t p yme t wasno n c s a y.
o e ni h tor ys owl dg bo he o c n o t r f he a n s
t e esr
Thus,Cl m 1 i deni
ai 9 s ed.
Cl m 24:Tr alcouns f l t cal asa def ew inessat orney Ri
ai
i
el aied o l
ens t
t
chard M artnez
i

t r f e ale a i made b Os arM as( un 6 ,whe e c e wa a e t t
o e ut lg tons
y c
Co t )
r ouns l s war ha
M artnezwoul cont c s alegatons.
i
d
radit uch l i

Mo n ojcst J g Brwn' rc
va t bet o ud e o s e omme daint s
n to o ummai de yt scam a dasrsta
rl n hi li n set ht
y
he pr de çs t i i de ais concer ng t s t e and i
ovi d subsantatng t l
ni he ubsanc
mport of t tm ony by Ri r
es i
cha d
M ari 'i hi Repl bri and i hi own afi vi. M ovant f t cont
tnez' n s
y ef
n s
fda t
urher
ends t t ti couns was
ha ral
el

a r ofM a tn z sa ai biiya t ta afda tfo M a tn zi no r qurd.( 40a 1 ,DE 46
wae
rie ' v l l nd ha n fi vi r m rie s t e ie DE t 6
a t
a 11 1 ) Th Co tafr a a op sJ dg Brwn' r c mme dai t de y t scam.Mov ntf l
t - 2 . e ur fims nd d t u e o s e o n ton o n hi li
a ai
s
t pr de an afi tf om Ri d M ari satng t tM ari woul have t tfe i t manner
o ovi
fdavi r
char
tnez t i ha
tnez
d
esiid n he
i ii i Cl m 24 or a al,and as se f t above,t Cour wilnotconsi M ovant s a fdavi,
dentfed n ai
t l
t orh
he
t l
der
' fi t
s it f t fr ttme aspar ofhi Repl bref. Furt ,durng ti ,M ova ' couns r es ed
ubm ted or he is i
t
s
y i
her i ral
nts
el epr ent
t t Cour t tM ari was not avaiabl a a winess and ha i
o he
t ha
tnez
l e s
t
d nvoked t Fi h Amendment and,
he ft
,

i e d,e e a trt Go e nme ta r e t i nie M a tn z h c tn d t r ss. ( 25 a
nd e v n fe he v r n g e d o mmu z rie , e on iue o e it DE 32 t
1 30 1 - .1 30 1 1 ,1 3411 22,1 42:- 5.1 3 12 ,1 34 124.1 63: 22 . l a to
6 3:7 25 6 4:- 7. 6 :4- . 63 12 , 6 43:- 5* 6 4:- , 63 6- ) n ddiin,
,
M ova has notpr ded a afi vi fom ti couns ,or any ot evi
nt
ovi
n fda t r ral
el
her dence,i ca i t t couns
ndi tng ha
el
wasa et M a tne woul have t tfed i t manners f t i Cl m 24 orany ot revi
war hat ri z
d
es ii n he
et orh n ai
he dence.
Furher as not by t Gover
t ,
ed
he
nment t e wer a hos of pr ems wih M ari z as a wines
, her
e
t
obl
t
tne
t s
t c d ha l ti couns t r onabl concl t he s d not be caled as a w ines
hat oul ve ed ral
el o eas
y
ude hat
houl
l
t s

icudng: 1 Matn zwasac dee a twihMo n whopldguiyt obsrci o j tc ;( s
n l i () rie
o- fnd n t va t
e l o tu ton f usie Cae
t
No. - 06 CR916 0- MORENO a DE 11 ,11 ,1 2) ( M a tn z wh wa mare t M o ntssset
79 90 25 ; 2) rie , o s rid o va ' itr
i lw ,vaca i
n-a
toned wih M ovant whie M ova w a a f tve and M a tnez w as an Asssant St t
t
l
nt s ugii
ri
it
ae

Ator e a d ( )M a tn zwa on ofM o n ' atr ysa d r c utd i t Arur Aviat c
t n y; n 3 rie s e
va ts to ne n e r ie nmae t o l o ommi
t

p ruy f rM o n a a t rde e a t W il Falon.( 2 a 356 3 360361 DE 2 0 a
ej r o va t nd nohe fnd n , li c DE 473 t - 57; - ;
e
49 t

51 6: - 511 12 DE 2 a 61 24 25 61 124.DE 2 a 735 125) Thu ,Cli 24f
1 2325; 7:- 4; 493 t 23: - ; 24:- , 498 t 4:- . s am or
i f tve as s a ofcouns mus be de ed.
nefec i sit nce
el t
ni
Cl m 25:Traland appelat couns f l t se di is ofCount6 w her t
ai
i
le
el aied o ek sm s al
e he
theor of i ct ent t M as was bri
y
ndi m , hat
bed t gi e pat t stm ony, was
o ve xcul ory e i

c nsr tv l ame d a t i t a cai t t hewa a ke t gi Iilpr de
o tuc iey
nde t ral o l m ha
s s d o ve sc ovi
f s eolat ali peachm entregardi a governm entw ines .
ale l er m
ng
t s
Thi cl m r at t Cl m 23.I Cl m 23, M ovant aleges t Count 6 was consr i y
s ai el es o ai
n ai
l
hat
tuctvel

amended becaus wines Os M as di not cl m he was ofer money t gi çf s excul t y
e t s car
d
ai
f ed
o ve tale
pa or
t tmony' as sa e i t i ct ,butr t M ascl m ed t he was as t gi (mer colaer
esi
' t t d n he ndi ment
a her
ai
hat
ked o ve l e lt al

i
mpea
chmentevi
dencet mi orm i nothave be adm isi e.'s cl m 23 f t alegest tdue
hat ght
ght
en
s bl 'l ai
urher l
ha
t tmuli e is under i ng t cr biiy of M as' cl m s t c t uctve a endment w as
o d tpl s ues
m ni he edi lt
s ai , he ons r i m

sbsa tal a unfil peu ca. l Cli 25 Mo n alg st ttila d a elt c nsls
u tnil nd ary rj diil' n am , va t le e ha ra n pp lae ou e'
y
'
f l e t s di ss of Count 6 due t t alege consr i amendm ent consiut i f ctve
aiur o eek smi al
o he l d
tuctve
tt es nef e i
as it e ofcouns . J
ssanc
el udge Br
own r
ecom mends t tt Cour deny t s cl m becaus M ovantf l t
ha he
t
hi ai
e
ais o

pr der d ciatonsand f l t i iy t çm uli e isues'under i ng M as' c edi lt
ovi ecor t i
ais o dentf he ç tpl s '
m ni
s r biiy.
l hi r pl bref M ovantpr dess
n se y i ,
ovi ome r d cia i t M as st tmony f om t unde l ng
ecor t tons o
' esi
r he
ryi

c i na ti , - 3 CR- E1 ( 28a 32- : Ho ve ,hectto dono e tbiht tMa wa
rmi l ral99 58 - S TZ. DE t 33 . we r t iains
t s ls ha s s
as t gi çmer colaer i peachment evi
ked o ve ç e lt al m
dence t m i or m i nothave been adm isi e.
hat ght
ght
s bl '
'

l e d, a t tfe (n 99 58 - SE1 t th wa o fr d $ 0,00t gi tsi nyon b h fof
nd e M s esiid i - 3 CR- TZ) ha e s fee 20 0 o ve e tmo
e al
M o a td rng M o n ' tilb f r J g M orno ( - 60 CR- ORENO)t tGov r me twi s
vn ui
va ts ra e o e ud e e 9l60 - M
ha
en n t s
ne
Pedr Ros l t d M ast he wasl ng t ge a s ence r
o
elo ol
hat
yi o t ent
educton.Not y,M ovantdoesnotcont t
i
abl
es

ta heb ie M a t t siy t tRos lowa l ng. DE 249 a 68l ) Alh ghM a dd n tuli t l
h t rb d s o etf ha el s yi (
6 t 5 . t ou
s i o tmaey
gi any f s t tm ony durng 91 6060- M ORENO,t s i of no cons nce as Count6 char d
ve
ale esi
i
CRhi s
eque
ge
M ovantw ih brbi i est gi f s e pat y t tm ony,nott tt i es ac ualy gave s
t i ng nmat o ve ale xcul or es i
ha he nmat t l
uch
t tmony.
es i

1Co n 6ofh idcme t h re Mo a twi ç r ig a de c u a eig imae . .opo iefle
5 u t te n it n c ag d v n t i gg l n n o rg ln ln ts . t rvd as
hu n
e c laoytsi n . .nrtl frc s pa me t . . ( 3.
x up tr e t y . i eu' o ah y ns .' DE )
mo
n
'
1
4

Furher M ovantdoes nots f t nat e oft lmuli e is sunder i ng t c edi lt of
t ,
peciy he ur
he d tpl s ue
m ni he r biiy
M as' cl ms.' I
s ai ' ndeed even i M as had cr biiy is , M ovant does not e ai how t e isues
f
edi lt s ues
xpl n
hos s
r at t t alege cons r tve am e
el e o he l d
t uc i
ndment or t i f tve as it
he nefec i
ssance of couns cl m
el ai

.

Thus,t
he

cl m i de ed.
ai s ni
Cl m 27:Appelat couns erred i f lng t s r salofal
ai
l e
el
n aii o eek ever
Iobst
r
ud i bas
on- ed
count ofconvi i due t t hear ay error i t pri ar obst ucton alegaton
s
cton
o he
s
n he m y
r i
l i

pe ti ng t j y brbey. Alho t j y a quitd ast s o tu ton
rani o ur i r
t ugh he ur c te
o ome bsr ei
count , tl one- ines w holy unc
s le
w t s,
l
orroborat nat of t Osc M as count
ed
ure
he
ar
c bi wih bot t cons ructve am endm entoft i ct
om ned t
h he
t i
he ndi
,
m entand t f tt
he ac hat
no obs ructon act l r t i eat t t i proper and gr sy i port
t i
ualy esuled, ndi es hat he m
os l m
a
j y brbey e i nc - on t charge t t di t i t court det i w as s
ur i r vde e
nt
he
hat he s r c
erm ned
o
s
evereast warr a lf s ence- t nt t obs ructon ehargesast t Osc
o
ant ie ent
ai ed he t i
o he ar
M as alegatons. Thus, at r ent lg, not t t ng t governm ents
l i
es encit
wihs andi
he
'

a
nnounc d de ii t dimist j y o t uc i c g ,t dit itc ur f us d
e rson o s s he ur bs r ton har e he sre o t oc e
on H w s ro t obsr to ofj tc I lt tIhe s w i t s c e' w hi
ho e ius he t uc in usie was ha s l a n hi as , ' ch
s de c i d asut mos e e i e de e o o t u ton o j tc .' DE 3026:
he s rbe
he t gr gous vi nc f bs r c i f usie '
60
;i a 58 5 ( bs r to ofj tc i t prort i é t f c o t o f n e
d. t - 9 o t uc in usie n he i ral ç he o us f he fe s
was
i t i c e'.
n h s as '
)
l t s cl m ,M ovantas ers t appela e couns was i f tve i f lng t s k r s of
n hi ai
s t hat
lt
el
nefec i n aii o ee ever al

Mov n' c vito a t a1obsr to o j tc c uns W ih r pec t t c s char ng
a ts on cin s o 1 tucin f usie o t
t es t o he ount
gi
.

o tu tono usie Mov n wa c vitdofCoun 6( sr cino j siet o hwin s bieyof
bsrci fj tc , a t s on ce
t obtuto f utc hrug tes rb r
O s ar M as i vi aton of 18 U .S. jj 1 03 a d 2 a Co t8 ( bsr t o j t e tr ughj y
c
n ol i
C. 5 n ) nd un o tuci f usi ho ur
on
c
brber i vi aton of 18 U .S. j 1 0 a d2) Mo n wa a qut do Co t7(bsrcino j sie
i y n ol i
C. j 5 3 n . va t s c it f un o tu to f utc
e

t r ug wi s b ie y ofGibet S n ise n) Cou t9 ( sr ci o j tc tr gh s o diain
h o h t s rb r
ne
l ro a te tba , n ob tu ton f usie h ou ub r n to

ofpej y) a d Co t1 (bsrci o j tc trug sbodiainoft fi tofawines The
rur , n un 0 o tu ton f usie ho h u r n to he l
gh
t s)
.

Elvent Cic t r ver ed M ovants convi i as t Count 8 becaus t brb
e h r ui e s
'
cton
o
e he i

e j rrsou-fc r
d uo ' to-out

s a e ent consiut i
ttm s
tt e nadm isi e hea sa and t sat ent wer t onl evi
s bl
r y
he t em s e he y dence pr ent d t tted
es e ha i
M ovantt t brbes. Uniedst e v.M agl a, 41 F. l 6 1l ( 1h Ci. 5)
o he i
t ats
ut
8 3d 1 6, 80 1 t r 200 .
I Cl m 27,M ovantcont
n ai
endst appelat couns wasi f i i f lng t see r ver alof
hat
le
el
nefectve n aii o k e s
M ovants conviton ast Count6 because t a isi oft hear ay sat e s as evi e oft
'
ci
o
he dm s on he
s t em nt
denc
he
act char i Count8 s e
s
ged n
om how Et nt 't evi nce s
çai ed' he de
uppori Count6. Asr
tng
ecom mended by Judge

Br
own,t s cl m m us be s marl deni as concl or . M ovant f l t s
hi ai
t
um iy
ed
us y
ais o uppor, f t l hi
t ac ualy, s

c tnint tt he ra sae nt weeS osl i ra tt tej r 'wihrs c t Co t6 l
one to ha he asy ttme s r G sy mpotn o h uy' t epet o un
gr
n
.

f t M ovantf l t i iy ores ablsh a lnk bet
ac ,
ais o dentf
t i ny i
ween t hear ay s a ement deemed i
he
s tt
s
nadm isbl as
si e

t Co t8a Co nt6.Th he ra sae nt weeo - -ou tttme t b abi dj r t a FBI
o un nd u
e asy ttme s r utofc r sae ns y rbe uoro n
Age tt ttejr ha a c pe a bie fom Mov n a d Mova ' c - fnd n i 9l6 0n ha h uor d c e td rb r
at n
nts odee a t n -06 CR

-

M OREN O. By c ta t t e e d nc s po tng M ova t s c vi ton a t Co nt 6 i c
on r s , h vi e e up ri
n ' on c i s o u
s omprs d of
ie
t tm ony by t brbed i e w ines , Os r M as t tmony fom M as' w ie who r ved cas
esi
he i
nmat t s ca
, es i
r
s f
ecei
h
payment , t tm ony f om ot r i t asde fom M as who s d t wer brbed by M ovants
s es i
r
he nma es i r
ai hey
e i
'
or zaton t gi f s t tm ony, t tmony fom t w i and gi f i
gani i o ve ale esi
esi
r he ves
rlrends of i a es who r ved
nm t
ecei

cas paym ent ,t tmony f om M ovants par
h
s esi
r
' amour expl ni t t payment wer m ade, atM ovants
ai ng ha
s e
'
diec i t i a esand t rf l member orlwyer , and t tmony by a s alagenta Deput
r ton, o nm t
hei amiy
s a
s
esi
peci
nd
y

U. M a shalconc ni Cour and M ar hals Ser cedoc
S. r
er ng
t
s ' vi
ument i iyi i a ew i es wrted by
s dentf ng nm t m ses it
M ovant t t tf i 91 6060- M ORENO . A c di y, as M ovant has not i ntfed any lnk
o es iy n CRcor ngl
de ii
i
bet
ween t i dm isi e he s sat
he na s bl ar ay t ement t r ule i t r ver alofM ovant s convi i as t
s hat es t d n he e s
'
cton
o
Count8 and t evi
he dence s
uppori Count6, a lt couns ' f l e t s r s ofCount6 on
tng
ppelae
els aiur o eek ever al
t sgr
hi ound ca
nnotbe deem ed i f tve. Thus Cl m 27 i deni
nefec i
, ai
s
ed.
Cl m 28: Tral couns provi i f i as s ance i f lng t m ove f a
ai
i
el
ded nefectve sit
n aii o
or

mitiland t srke t j y fr mic c c mmitd durlg a pror t
sra
o ti he ur o sondu t o te
it nd i o
delberatons, i udi t alegatons of drug use,al
i
i
ncl ng he l i
cohol abuse,and i proper
m
cont wih a Deput U . M ars ,and appelat couns erred i f lng t r s
act t
y S.
hal
l e
el
n aii o aie

asa is a bre on appe lt que ton ofj y mic
n s ue nd if
a he si
ur s onduc and t de a o a
t
he nil f
m i ral
st i .

J
udge Br r
own ecommends t t Cour deny t s cl m be e M ova has notpr ded any
hat he
t
hi ai caus
nt
ovi
r d ciatonsorafi t t supportt s cl m . M o ntobe t o te gr nd t tte Go r me
ecor t i
fdavis o
hi ai
va j cs n h ou ha h ve n nt
hasf mult a r pons t t scl m and çt ver brefr d r r ng delber i .' M ova agai
or a ed es e o hi ai
ûhe y i ecor ega di
i atons '
nt n
r quess an opporuniy t cl iy.The Cour afim s and adopt J
e t
t t o arf
t fr
s udge Br
own' r commenda i . l
s e
ton n

a diin,Mov n h s n s wn t tt alg d i o ite b t j or c nsiue a c siui a
d to
a t a ot ho ha he le e mpr preis y he ur s o tt t on tt ton l

vi a i See Unied St e v Co v r 77 F. 765 7 - 0 ( 1h Ci. 985 . Accor ngl t scl m
olton.
t at s . no e , 2 2d , 69 7 1 t r 1 )
di y, hi ai
i deni
s ed.

Cl m 29:Couns pr ded i f i asss anc i f lng t advie t def
ai
el ovi
nefectve it e n aii o
s he endant
t he had a r ghtt t iy ast hi sat ofm i i conductng t
hat
i o estf
o s t e
nd n
i ransactons t pay
i o
l
awyer f ald t expl h t t tr actons- and es aly t 1998 payment
s' ees t o
ai hat he ans i
peci l he
s
addr ed i Count 34- t were m ade neary t
ess n
s 41 hat
l hree years afer t pr ec i
t he ot tve
order expi d - wer not desgned t conceal il
re
e
i
o
legal proceeds or t vi at a
o ol e
prot i order; t nonectve
hat
cash paym ent wer orgi l t s i y t specil
s
e i naly o atsf he
lc
dem ands and couns of t l
el he awyers f paym ent i t f
or
n he orm of checks t t
; hat he
check t
ransacton was at m os a f alt t accom m odat t I w yer , but not
i
t orm iy o
e he a
s
desi
gned t survi s i by l enf cem ent i part because, as i was
o
ve crutny
aw
or
, n
t
expl ned t t m ovantby hi counsel hewoul have no m oney I
ai
o he
s
,
d
aunderng labiiy
i i lt
f l ng the 1996 acquit ;and t t governm ents f s argum ent at t al t
olowi
tal
hat he
' ale
ri , o

t efc t çheIwyesj tdi tundesand't tt mone s ntvi ch c
he fet hat t a r us dn'
rt
ha he
y e a ek

w ast m ovant swas di l contr ct by advi and di t on ofcouns ,suc
he
'
recty
adi ed
ce
rec i
el h
t he w oul have es ablshed t t governm ents argum entw as m ade i bad
hat
d
t i
hat he
'
n
f t i pugni t prosecuton asa w hol
aih, m
ng he
i
e.

Thi cl m c
s ai oncer Count 34- oft i ct ent A spr vi y dicus ed, Count 34- of
ns
s 41 he ndi m .
e ousl s s
s 41
t i ct ent c ged M ova w ih a dicr t pori of t over l money lunderng s
he ndi m
har
nt t
s ee
ton
he
al
a
i cheme i
n

viltonofl U. C.j 1 6 () 1( () Spe fc ly, h c a gi ln ag fo Cou s3 41o t
oai
8 S.
95 a ( )B)i. ciia l t e h r ng a gu e r m
nt 4- f he
i ct e pr des,i pa t t M ovantçdi know i y conduc , and a t
ndi m nt ovi
n r, hat
sd
ngl
t
temptt conduct and caus t
o
,
eo
be c
onduct fnanci tans tons afectng i er t e and f ei comm er , t i,t wrtng oft
ed, i
al r ac i
f i nt sat
or gn
ce hat s he ii
he
checks ...on an accountatIr Gene alBank Lt ., i t nam e ofç
s ael
r
d n he
Leonar Fredm an,'payabl t t
d i
e o he

a t n y ... ( l 5 a 3 - 1 Puta t rwa t s c nt c a g d M o n wih lu de i d ug
tor e s
DE 8 4 t 6 37 .
nohe y, he e ou s h r e va t t a n rng r
pr
oceeds i t f m of cash i o checks dr
n he or
nt
awn on an Ir i bank us t pay cerai ator
s ael
ed o
t n t neys who
r pr e ed M ova . l Cl m 29sM ovantcont
e es nt
nt n ai
endst t alcouns w a i f ctve i f lng t advie
hat ri
el s nef e i n aii o
s
M ovant of hi rght t t tf conce ni hi sat of mi i c
s i o esiy
r ng s t e
nd n onduc i t t a actons t pa t
tng he r ns i
o y he
a t neysbecaus M ova di notposs st r st i entt concealdr pr
tor
e
nt d
es he equiie nt o
ug oceedsasr r by t
equied
he
saut y lnguage.
t t or a

J
udge Br
own r
ecommends deni of t s cl m bec e M ovant f l t i iy whi of hi
al hi ai
aus
ais o dentf
ch
s
l
awyer r
s equesed t be pai i t m anners cii i t cl m , f l t i ntf orpr de a afi t
t o
d n he
pe fed n he ai ais o de iy
ovi n fdavi
fom t l
r he awyerwho advied M ovantofhi non-i lt , and f l t pr de r d cia i f wher
s
s
labiiy
ais o ovi ecor t tons or
e
l
7

teGo rme çaley'ag edt tteda r j s ddn'un rtn ' Mov n oj csa dc ne ds
h ven nts sl ' ru ha h d wyes ut i t desa d.
f
l
' a t bet n o tn

è

j
'

t M ovantsator
hat
' t neysar known t t Cour and t l
e
o he
t
hat eave t am end s d be gr ed. ( 40a 1 J
o
houl
ant
DE t 7 .

'
l
E

j
t
?
'

The Cour w il deny t cl m f t r as s f h i t R&R and f t addii
t l
he ai or he e ons et ort n he
or he
tonal r ons
eas

.

dicus ed bel
s s
ow.

)

Fis,f t r onsse f t above,t Courtw ilnotconsderM ovantsam da ta , as s
rt or he eas
t orh
he
l
i
'
vi nd
uch,
.

t r i no e dence i t r d t M ovantwoul have t tfed i he had be çefectvel 'advied
he e s vi
n he ecor hat
d
es ii f
en i f i y'
s

,

.

by couns . I addii i r di t coloquy be ween t Cour and M ova conce ni whe her
el n
ton, n ea ng he l
t
he
t
nt
r ng
t

à

)

M ovant undert hi ri t t tf i i cl t M ova under t t t rghtt t tf exit
sood s ght o esiy, t s ear hat
nt
s ood hat he i o esiy ss

,

)

t t he had dicus ed i wih c el a d t th ha de ie n t tsiy. ( 25 2 a 1 28 8 .
ha
s s t t ouns , n ha e d cd d ot o e t
f DE 3 t 6 0-4)

(

.

M or
eover t r or bef e t Courtdoes not s if t sandar t t no r onabl ator y woul
, he ec d or he
ats y he t
d ha
eas
e t ne
d

have advied M ovant not t t tf l ed,i coul be ar
s
o esiy. nde t d
gued t i couns had advied M ovant t
hat f
el
s
o

7

t tf a he had act on t advi , M ovant woul have a much sr
es iy nd
ed
hat
ce
d
tonger ar ent f i f i
gum
or nefectve

)
f
ï

'

as sa ofcouns t he doesnow . Forexampl , ha Mo n t si e , wo d ha b e s j c
sit nce
el han
e d va t e t i d he ul ve e n ube t
f

)
è

t cr - m i i concer ng a number of pot i cr biip dam agi i s i udi , but not
o ossexa naton
ni
ental edi lt
ng s ues ncl ng

'
t

lmied t , hi f pror f ony convi i , l ng t cours and I enf cement ofk er about hi
i t o s our i el
ctons yi o
t
aw
or
t s
s

;
'

E
.

i i
dentt

q

.

y,rpetdl j n bo a tyi t diguie hi ha dwrtn dui c r- dee h nd
e ae y umpig nd, nd r ng o s s s n iig rng outor rd a -

'

)

wrtn e e a s ( 2 2 a 1 8-9;247 a 28 - 1 ,4 - 9;247 a 8010 81 1 ,81 1 247
iig x mplr . DE 47 t 4 4
3 t 6 3 8 20 2
4 t - 6, 2- 3 5- 7; 5

)
.

)
:

a 91 -9;25 6a 93 - 9, 414 251 a l1 6- 2 1 a 1 36 70 .Thu ,Cli 29 i de id.
t 8 1 0 t 08 0 93 - 5; 6 t 93 45; 5 8 t 2 3- )
s am s ne

.
#

Cli 3 Se e cng c e pr vi d i e f ci asit e i f lng t j nty
ams 2: nt n i ouns l o de n fe tve ssanc n aii o oi l

conf w ih ot couns f t m ovant so as t s
er t her
el or he
,
o hare pertnent i orm aton i
i
nf
i n
Ieu of per
i
sonaly i erac i w ih t m ovanton a I t m i e ni tm e vii,or t
l nt tng t he
as - nut ght i
st
o
ot
he- i arr
se ange t conf w ih t m ovants ic enty i advance ofres enci
o
er t he
uf i l n
ent ng
so as t be abl t conve t t Courtt ext oft m ovants pos - ent ng
o
eo
y o he
he ent he
'
t s enci

r habiia i a ac e anc of r s s biiy. I or a i c nc r ng t
e lt ton nd c pt e
e pon i lt
nf m ton o e ni he
de endants acc ance of r
f
'
ept
espons biiy was not properl c
i lt
y onveyed t t Court
o he
whe e s nt n i c
r e e c ng ouns lw e e unabl t m e tw ih t m o t pr or t t e of
e r
e o e t he van i o he ve
res enci and thus coul not docum ent or ot
ent ng
d
herwie com pet l addres t
s
enty
s he
cruci isue Couns acknow l
al s s.
el
edged t r i f i ss an ext
hei nefectvene ,
raordi y se f
nar ls f i ges ure,i f lng t propery i orm t s vesoft f s pertnentt
acrik ng t
n aii o
l nf
hem el
he act
i
o
t ext oft def
he ent he endants r
' ehabiiaton,cont ton,and accept e. I counse
lt i
rii
anc f
l
had done appr at c
opri e onsulaton, eiher di cty or t
t i
t
re l
hrough i erm edi i of
nt
aton
1
8

y

'
'
)
f
1
)
y
j
)
.

j
'

.
,

y
'
)
y
'
.

è
:

t
.

J

:

.

)

t

ot counsel t y woul have been aware of sgnik ant new i orm aton t
her
, he
d
i l
nf
i hat
w oul have alowed t c
d
l
he ourtt reconsi is decl i t t gui i range
o
der t
araton hat he delne

1

(
!
j

wa ir lva and woul ha pr vi d i pe ntgr
s r ee nt
d ve o de nde nde
oundsf aI rs nt nc .
or owe e e e

q
)
j
.

)

Se DE 3 6:6 (
e
02 5 DEFENDANT:$Ir al want d t t k t M r Ro w an s nd
6 e ly
e o al o . go d pe
s tmet s eho wec ul pr e don c rai is s' .
ome i o e w
o d oc e
e t n s ue .)
'

.

y
:

Her M ovantcl mst s enci couns was i f i i f lng t adequat y conf wih
e,
ai hat ent ng
el
nefectve n aii o
el
er t

'
(

(
!

.
'

j
(

M ovant pror t hi r ent ngl a , as s , s enci couns was unawar of M ova ' û t
i o s es enci 6 nd
uch ent ng
el
e
nts s pos

(

.

s enci r
ent ng ehabiiaton and ac ance ofr ponsbiiy ef ors.' M ov n mai a nst th sa iso
lt i
cept
es i lt f t '
a t nt i ha i dm s i ns
ofr ponsi lt wer conveyed t t Gover
es
biiy e
o he
nmentt ough ot couns and s e ng couns wasnot
hr
her
el
ent nci
el
r

i or
nf med oft e admi i
hes
ssons. M ovantcl m she coul nott lt Cour hi el ofhi efors t ac
ai
d
el he
t ms f
s f t o cept

rsos it bcueoeo hsatresavsdhm ta ih dds, erkdsfrgpnte
epnily eas n f i t ny di i htf e i oh ie ufi uiv,
bi
o
e
s en i

.
é
.

'
.
.

!

raarmausyhGvm etI 28at40-22.M ovantcontndst ti counselhadadvied
elty esebt oemn DE
tio r e
4
e ha f
s
.

t Cour of hi efors t accept r
he
t
s f t o
esponsi lt t s E oul ha alowed t courtt r onsi is
biiy, hi s d ve l
w
he
o ec der t
decl a i t tt gui i r nge was ir e
ar ton ha he delne a
r elvantand woul have pr ded i
d
ovi
ndependentgr
ounds f a
or
l rs ence.'
owe ent
'

The Cour wiladoptand af im J
t l
fr udge Br , r comm endaton and deny t scl m s marl .
own s e
i
hi ai um iy
M ovanthas noti ii whatG
dentfed
t 'and tpe i i or i 's enci counsels d have t d
new'
s rtnent nf maton' ent ng
houl
ol
t e Cour t woul have pr ded gr
h
t hat
d
ovi
oundsf a I
or owers ence.7 M or r Mo n f i t o j c t
ent 1
eove , va t al o b e t o
s
Judge Br ' r
own s ecom mendaton concer ng t s cl m and,i t
i
ni hi ai
nsead,r news hi r
e
s eques t am e t
to
nd he

'

;

L
ê

l
,

'

t

L
t

y

1
'

y

Moi t Va ae ( 40a 11 whih, sstfrt a ve teCouth de e Mov n' ojci i
ton o c t,DE t 7, c a e o he bo ,h
r as nid. a ts beton s

t

i rpradiaeut bcueis l fi t adesJdeBrwnscnls n.Mase v
mpoe n ndqae eas t i y al o drs ug o ' ocui s rdn .
mp s
o

t

Mo e 8 F.d 1 3 l48( lhCi.1 8 (a ea peii e di n s t e tyobe tt ama itae
or, 47 2 5 6, 5 1 t r 98 ) h b s tton r d ot ufkinl jc o gsrt

q

(

j dg src mme dain b c u ehi ojcinwa is fiinl ce ra pe ie..Thu , Cl m 32 i
u e' e o n to e a s s be to s n ufce ty la nd rcs )
s ai
s

)

dc1i
'cd.
1
'
6

M ovantwasr s nt edf l ngt El cnt Cic tsdecson r r i t c ci a t Count8oft
e e enc olowi he ev h rui' ii eve sng he onviton s o
he

s
idcme t Untdsttsv Ma ua 41 F.d 1 6 ( 1 Ci. 0 5 .
n it n. ie ae . glt, 8 3 l 6 1 t r 2 0 )

t
)

'
.

.
.

@

' T t exentt tt çne i or ton'r e e d byM ovan waspr
7 he t ha he ç w nf mai ' efr nce
t
o

o
vd di teafd vtie u d rsa,DE
ie n h fia ifld n e e lg
4 1teCo r d nidMo a tsmoint fl t afd vtu d rs a o t ohewiec n ie ia p r o ti
7,h u t e e v n q to o ie he fia i n e e l r o t r s o sd rt s at fhs
rcor be us i wa fld a rJ
e d ca e t s ie Ae udgeBr is t Re tandRe
own sued he por
commendai . ( 4 , 5 )
ton DE 9 DE 4.
1
9

h
:

î
)
(
.
!
f

t.
(
'

)
T

Cl m 35:Appelat couns pr de i f i as i ance i f lng t rai
ai
l e
el ovi d nefectve sst
n aii o se
i ues
ss
as
on appeal under eiher t pl
,
t
he enary revi or abus ofdicr i s andards
ew
e
s eton t
t deni ofa de novo s enci , t deni oft m oton t recus and t deni ,
he
al
ent ng he
al he
i o
e,
he
al
ofdef
endants m oton t contnue t re e ng hear ng eonsi ng t f u
'
i o
i
he sent nci
i
deri he aet
al
m at er known t t def
t s
o he
endant f e t pri ar unr ve isue at t
orm d he
m y
esol d s
he
r
esent ng w her couns conceded at t res enci t t y were i f i
enci
e
el
he ent ng hat he
nefectve
due t t f l e t suf enty m eet wih and advie t def
o he aiur o nci l
t
s he endant pri t t
or o he
r ent ng, partcul l w her c
es enci
i ary
e ouns acknowl
el
edged t
hat t purpose of
he
prepar ng f re enci was t efect e com pl m att s of conf sson and
i or sent ng
o f uat
ex
er
e i
ac ance ofres
cept
ponsbiiy. And w here t r
i lt
he eeusalrulng was bas on t el y
i
ed
he earl
trr
oneous pr i t no unre ved eount rem ai i t cas . DE 3017:
em se hat
sol
s
ned n he e
2

(t i t td he ei n c f rwhihDe e
satng ha i r s o ount o
t
c f ndantc d e gei a pla)
oul nga n e .

I t scl m,M ova mai ai t appela e couns was i f i i f lng t r s on appeal
n hi ai
nt nt ns hat
lt
el
nefectve n aii o ai e

t e is s 1 de a ofa de nov s n e ig;2 de iloft mo in t r c e a d 3 d ni of
hre sue : ) nil
o e tncn ) na
he to o e us ; n ) e al
M ovants moton t contnue t r ent ng hea i . J
'
i o
i he es enci
rng udge Br
own r
ecomm ends t tt Cour deny
ha he
t

t scl m bec e M ovantf l t i iy t %f ualmater ' t cons iut t çunr ol d is at
hi ai
aus
ais o dentf he tact
t s' hat
tt e he t es ve s ue
r ent ng.' The Cour afim sand adopt Judge Br
es enci '
t fr
s
own' r
s ecom mendaton and al deni t cl m
i
so
es he ai
f t a tonalr onss f t bel .
or he ddii
eas
et orh ow
A s f appelae couns ' f l e t r s , on appeal t de al of a Je novo r
or
lt
els aiur o aie
, he ni
esent ng,
enci
M ovant ac
knowl
edges t t t Cour was not r r d t hol a de novo r ent ng. The El nt
ha he
t
equie o d
es enci
eve h
Cicui i tuct t Cour t eiherr mpos M ovant ssent e wih a r
r t nsr ed he
t o t ei
e
'
enc t educton of 1 mont i t
i
20
hs f he
Gover
nment dim i ed Count 8 or a is dicr i r ent nce M ovant on al count f whi he
s ss
s eton, es e
1
s or ch
, t t

r mai d c n ce g 28 a 4 . Ma ua,41 F. a 1 8 Accor ngl under St ckl a
e ne o vitd. DE
t 64 glt 8 3d t 1 6
di y,
ri and,
.

r onabl a lt l
eas
e ppelae awyercoul haveconcl
d
uded t t sis s d notbe r sed on a
hat hi s ue houl
ai
ppeall'
.
M ovant alo m ai ai t appelat couns was i f i f f lng t appealt Cour '
s
nt ns hat
le
el
nefectve or aii o
he
ts
deni of t moton f r us . M ova cl m s t t Courts d have r ed isel becaus i
al he
i or ec al
nt ai hat he
houl
ecus t f
et

i opery i r
mpr l ntuded i o t pl pr essand becaus i pl
nt he ea oc
e t anned t i
o mpos a 1 - year s enc wihout
e 95
ent e t
fr tconsderng new f t orapplcabl l f om def e couns and alocuton by M ovant g 28 a
is
i i
ac s
i e aw r
ens
el
l i
. DE
t
1 I i as notworhy t tupon M ova ' a a oft s ntnce i
8 t s lo e t ha
nts ppe l he e e
mpos a r en e ng, t El nt Cicui
ed t es t nci he eve h r t
f
ound t rs Cinc t h pr edur l and s tntvey r as
he et t e û
en e
bot oc aly
ubsa i l e onabl.' Unie St e v Magl a,31 Fed. Appx.
e ' td ats .
ut 3
h

2 , 0 ( 1 r2 0 )
01 2 6 1
. 0 8.

20

4849 . Asf t eCo tsalge p riiai i t eplap o s,M o ntisss wiho te pln ton
-2
or h ur' l d a tcp ton n h e r ce s va n it, t u x a ai ,
e
t a te ewe ec nt rmanigt whc M ov n c d h vepldguly. ( 28a 46 50 . we r a
h t h r r ou s e i n o ih a t oul a e it DE t - J Ho ve , t
t tme t tM ovant r
he i ha
eques e r cus ,he was awaii r ent ng a t Gover
t d e al
tng es enci nd he
nment had aleady
r

no iid t e Cou tt a i it n d t dimisCo t8 ( 2 ) Ac or n y t r wee no c un s
tfe h
r h t t n e de o s s un . DE 980 . c digl, hee r
o t
r mani t betid t whihM ov n c ul h vepld guiy.( 301 a 2 . l a diin,t ctto
e i ng o re o c
a t o d a e l DE 7 t ) n d to he iains
t
M ovant pr des t t ti tans rpt concer t Courts r pons t as eri by M ova ' couns
ovi o he ral r c i
n he
' es e o s tons
nts
el
aboutM ovantspos'
tconviton r habiiaton eforsand wer notpar ofany pl dicus on. Furher
c i e lt i
f t
e
t
ea s si
t ,
M ovants cont nton t tt Cour s d have r us is fbecaus oft sat entt i plnned t
'
e i ha he
t houl
ec ed tel
e he t em
hat t a
o
i pos a 1 years ence wihout fr tconsi i ne f s orapplcabl lw f om def e counsel
m e 95ent
t
is
derng w act
i e a r
ens

and alocuton by t def ndant i alo unavaii The El nt Cic ti t uct t Cour t i t
l i
he e
s s
lng.
eve h r ui nsr ed he
t hat f he
gove nm ent el t t di mi count 8, t Cour may, at is dicr i eiher r m pos M ovants
r
ec ed o s ss
he
t
t s eton, t
ei
e
'
s ence butw ih a r
ent
t
educton of 120 mont or r ent
i
hs, es ence M ovant f al ot count f whi he
or l her
s or ch
r ns c ct M agl a,418 F. at 1186. The Cour chos t r duce M ovants s ence by 1
emai onvi ed.
ut
3d
t
eo e
' ent
20

mont fom 205 ye s t 1 year . Thus Cl m 35 mus be deni becaus M ovantcannotmeett
hs r
ar o 95
s
, ai
t
ed
e
he
sandar t no r onabl appela e counselwoul have declned t appealt deni oft m oton f
t
d hat eas
e
lt
d
i o
he
al he
i or
r us .
ec al
W ih r pec t t de al of t moton t contnue r ent ng,t M ova has f l t
t es t o he ni
he
i o
i
es enci he
nt
aied o
i iy wha çf t mater ' he kne t t f m ed t prm ar unr ol i ue a r ent ng.
dentf
t tac ual
t s'
w ha or
he i y
es ved ss t es enci

M ovanthasf ld t s i atmel af i texpl ni t e(f ualm a t s'and hasnotpr ded t s
aie o ubm t i y fdavi
ai ng hes sact
ter '
ovi hi
i or i i hi Repl bref except t s y t t t concer çhi acce anc of r
nf maton n s
y i,
o a ha hey
n ç s
pt e
esponsbiiy,
i lt

a kn e g n ofc pa iiy,a pos-on ci rha l ai g 28 a 49 . Fi l M o n f is
c owld me t ul blt nd tc viton e bii ton. DE t 1 nal va t al
t
y,
t p o ry obe tt J g Br wn' rc mme a in c nc r i t sCli 35 a i ta r n wshi
o r pe l j c o ud e o s e o nd to o e nng hi am
nd, nse d, e e
s
r
eques t amend t M oton t Vaca e,whi as s f t above,t Cour has deni
to
he
i o
t
ch,
et orh
he
t
ed. M ovant'
s

o j ci i i o ra d ia qu t b c us i smpl f is t a r s J dg Br wn' c cuso .
be ton s mpr pe n n de ae e a e t i y al o dd e s u e o s on l ins
21

Mas n,s F. a l48 ( b a peii e di n t s fce ty obett a ma srt j dg s
rde 47 2d t 5 ha e s tton r d o ufiinl j c o
gitae u e'
rc mme ai b c u ehi oj cinwa i ufiinl ce ra prcs)
e o ndton e a s s beto s ns fce ty la nd e ie
.

Cl m 36: Appe l e couns pr ded i f i as s ance i f lng t rai on appealt
ai
lat
el ovi
nefectve sit
n aii o se
he
pre
served er by t S alcourti precl ng part oft def
ror
he ri
n
udi
s he ense cl i ar ent and
osng gum
t i roducton of revers Fed. R.Crm.P.40 ( e de e An appelt ar
he nt
i
e
i
4 b) vi nc .
la e gume
nt
shoul have been pos ured t t m ovantwasdepri ofhi due proces rghtt
d
t
hat he
ved
s
s i
o pres
ent
a def e. Beyond unf r res ritons t c
ens
ai
t ci
o ounsels cl i , t m ovantw as deprved oft
' osng he
i
he
opport t t pres hi t ory ofdef e asa cons
uniy o
ent s he
ens
equence oft t aleourts err
he ri
' oneous
e dentary r i ...
vi i
ulngs
Her M ovantcont
e,
endst a l ecouns wasi f tve i f lng t r s on appealt ti
hat ppelat
el
nefec i n aii o ai e
he ral

cour' erori pr udi pars of t def
ts r n ecl ng t
he ense' cl i a gum entand i r ton ofcerai e dence.
s osng r
ntoduc i
t n vi
J
udge Br
own r
ecom mends deni of t s cl m becaus M ovant di not pr de r d cia i s
al
hi ai
e
d
ovi ecor tton
i iyi t e uded evi e and di notpr deany af i t s
dentf ng he xcl
denc
d
ovi
fdavis uppori s evi e.
tng uch denc

( 3 a
DE 9 t
2122 . Th Cou tde ln st a p t src
- 2 e r cie o do t hi e omme dain, M o n pr de t r c r ctto t te
n to
va t ovi d he e o d iains o h
ti ta crpt i hi Repl bref ( 28 a 58 . As dic s d a ve t s ci t s s o d b
ral r ns i n s
y i . DE
t 1
suse bo , hee t i h ul e
a on
consi ed i as es ng t cl m becaus t do not c tt e new cl ms or new evi
der n s si he ai
e hey
onsiut
ai
dence and t e
h

ciatons wer pr ded bef e t R&R was is . l addii t M oton t Vacat pr ded enough
ti
e ovi
or he
s ued n
ton, he
i o
e ovi
det lt tt Gover entwason notce oft s t
ai ha he
nm
i
he ubsance oft e cl m s. Thus t Cour wilr ert
hes ai
, he
t l ef he
pa of Cl m 36 dealng wih excl i ofevi
rt
ai
i
t
uson
dence, s fcaly pa t a- ba t J
pecii l rs e, ck o udge Br n f an
ow or
addii R&R a erconsder ton oft r d cia i .
tonal
ft
i ai
he ecor t tons
Howe ,t Cour wilde t r tofCl m 36. M ovantcl m st tcouns wasi f i i
ver he
t l ny he es
ai
ai ha
el
nefectve n

f lng t r s on appeal t t i cour' pr uson ofparsoft def e' cl i ar e . W hie
aii o aie,
ts ecl i
t he ens s osng gum nt
, he ral
l
M ovantpr ded,i hi Repl bref r d ciatonst t pori oft ti tans i he wasr eri
ovi
n s
y i , ecor t i o he tons he ral r crpt
ef rng
t i t M oton t Vaca e,he i taly pr ded s ltl det li t M oton t tt Govem mentw asl
o n he
i o
t
nii l ovi
o ite ai n he
i ha he
eh
t gues atwha M ovantwasr er i t . ( 3 12a 1 sai onl t tt pelt c u e pr d d
o
s
t
ef rng o DE 6 - t 2 ttng y ha s lae o ns l ovie
Ap
i f ctve as it
nef e i ssance i f lng t r seon appealt pr er er orby t t i cour i
n aii o ai
he es ved r
he ral t n

pr udi pars
ecl ng t

oft def ns cl i a gument. . .' . Alho h i r s ndi t t M o in t Va ae t eGo r n
he e e osng r
' t ug n e po ng o he to o c t, h venme t
)

c r cl g se t o tet e r lngsM ov ntb le esc un e s oud h vec le ge o a pe g
ore ty ue s d wo f h hre u i
a eiv o s l h l a haln d n p al DE
22

'

2

1 a 21 - 41 rs dig t aM oi t Va aes ul n tr q r t eGov r me t e a i mi 4 t 2 21 , e pon n o
ton o c t ho d o e uie h
e n nt o ng ge n nd

l

E
.

r di pa tculry wher as her M ovant i r ese ed by couns and t Gover
ea ng, r i a l
e,
e,
s epr nt
el
he
nments cl i
' osng

@
)
t
i
(

ar ent and r t sr t
gum
ebutal te ches over 21 pages oft t i t a crpt Thus because M ova has not
8
he ral r ns i .
,
nt

pr ded any r on f why t cia i wer noti uded i t M oton t Vac e a per itng t s
ovi
eas or
he t tons e
ncl
n he
i o at nd m ti hi

patoft cam t gof wadwo dpeu c t Go r ntwhowa un bl t r p dt p r ofi
r he li o or r ul rj die he venme
s a e o eson o at t

;

J

duet vaguenes t Courtwildeny t par ofCl m 36 t conce nst cl i a gum ent
o
s, he
l
he t
ai
hat
r he osng r
.
I a ton,t Cour wildeny Subpar f of Cl m 36 f t s
n ddii he
t l
t
ai
or he ame r ons sat above i
eas
t ed
n

;

rson et Cli 27. Laty,Mo n fist obe tt J dg Brwn' rc
ep s o am
sl va t al o jc o u e o s eomme dain co eni
n to ncr ng

r

Cl m 36 and
ai

.

j

,

z
L

i t d,r n wshi rqu s t a n t e M o i t Va ae ( 4 a 1 ) whih asst
nsea e e
s e e t o me d h ton o c t, DE 0 t 7 , c , e

(
.
'

frha ov ,teCouth sd nid.Mov n' oj to i i op ra d i de aeobe to b c u ei
ot b e h
r a ee
a ts becin s mpr e n na qu t jcin e a s t

'

smpl fist a r s J geBr wn' c cl i .Marde 8 F.d a 1 ( b a peiine di n t
i y a l o dd e s ud
o s on usons
s n, 47 2 t 548 ha e s tto r d o

è

s fce tyoj c t ama itaej ge' r o n tonb c us hi o jci wa i uf e l cer
ufiinl bet o
gsrt ud s ec mme dai e a e s be ton s nsfkinty la

L
ï
(

(
.

a Prcs )
nd e ie..

C
Cl m 37: A ppelat counsel provi
ai
le
ded i f i as s ance wih regar t t
nefectve sit
t
d o he
i proper actons of G ibert Barros i udi a M as ah vi aton. D E 2289.
m
i
l o
i , ncl ng
sl
ol i
Appelat couns s
l e
el houl alo have r s asan isue oft deni oft movants
d s
aied
s
he
al he
'

t
)
t

moton f miti a t t s atng o a anon
i or s ral s o he e i f n
ymous s que t r d j p whe e t e
, e se e ur
r h
g er e tobt i e s h a j y- wih isundu pr s ur st r a h a c
ov nm n a n d uc ur
t t
e e s e o e c ompr mie
o s
ve di and t r duc d oppor uniisf t de e et i ur t tt j or v r
r ct
he e e
t te or he f ns o ns e ha he ur s' oi
die a wer we et ue(nde d,whehert ej or we ef l o no ctz nsan
r ns s r r i e
t h ur s r eons r n- iie
d
whe he t y har r d a bi s or undicos d f vo iim) - b e o
t r he
bo e
a
s l e a rts
as d n

@
)
.
'
è
i
è
'

unconstt i l obt ned and wholy i edi e purport s at ent ofBarri
iutonaly- ai
l ncr bl
ed t em s
os,
w herew ihoutsuch i pr
t
m oper and unr i e t t
elabl es i
m ony,t dit ctw oul not have
he s ri
d
gr ed t s
ant he equest aton. Thatt governm entevent l had so Itl c
r i
he
ualy
ite onfdenc
e
i Barri t he wasnotcaled as a t alwines even t
n
os hat
l
ri
t s,
hough he purpor edl had
t y

.
#
)

te mo tdr c o ic i n tn c n eso tsi n t ofr i a idc to o
h s ie t f n rmiaig o fsin etmo y o fe, s n n iain f

t

j y g e ty pr j c d M a ut ,t is s l a a mi m um ha be ni l d
ur r a l eudie
gl a he sue hou d t ni
ve e ncude

:
)

aspartofa cum ul i tralerr argum ent
atve i
or
.

)

how probl atc hi credi lt was Becaus em pl ng a s
em i s
biiy
.
e
oyi
eques ered anonym ous
t

r

t
'

l t scl m,M ovantass t t tappelat couns was i f tve i f lng t r s , on appeal
n hi ai
ers ha
le
el
nef ec i n aii o aie
,

t çi pr
he çm operactons'of Gibe t Ba ros whi i ude a M as ah vi aton and f lng t a
i '
l ro r i , ch ncl
si
ol i
aii o ppealt
he

)

7
.

i

t

de alo M ov n ' mo i f ramitilwi rs e tt te s a i ofa a n us s q see j y.
ni f a ts ton o
sra t e p c o h e tng n no ymo , e uetr d ur
h
23

C

t
'

j

t

j
'
)
:
:

(

The Cour a s Judge Br
t dopt
own' r
s ecom mendatons a deni t s cl m s
i
nd
es hi ai umm arl . M ovant has not
iy
pr ded any r d ciatons t s
ovi
ecor t i
o uppor hi cont i t t t Cour r i on Bar i saement i
t s
enton ha he
t eled
ros' t t
sn
gr i s
antng equesr i I
taton. ndeed,M ovanthasnots cii whatcons iut t aleged twholy i edi e'
pe fed
tt es he l
t l ncr bl '

sae nt b Baros I fc,h Coutsae ta dt de iin(osa a a ny ,sq see uy
ttme s y ri . n a tte r ttd h tss cso t e t n no mous e uetrdj rj
i
r t on t c edi e evi
es s he r bl dence oft t eat ng phone cal t t unlsed hom e phone of a pr pe i
he hr eni
l o he it
os ctve

j rrk wn onl t tepate,fv da beor j r s e ton satd.1 ( 20 a 1 ) Fute,
uo no
y o h ris ie ys f e uy elci tre '9 DE 38 t 1. rh r
'
Mov n h sno i niid h w h wa prj c d b asqu see a ny usj y. Fi l Mov n
a t a t de tfe o e s eudie y e etrd, no mo ur nal
y, a t
fist obe toJ geBr src
al o jc t ud own' eomme dainc ncr igt scam a d,nse d,e e hirq s t
n to o enn hi li n i ta rn ws s e ueto
a nd te Moto t Va ae whih,a stfrh a ov ,t Cour h sd nid. Mov ntsobe to i
me h
in o ct, c s e ot b e he
ta e e
a ' jcin s
i o r a i d qu t o j cin be a e i smpl f l t a r s J ge Br wn' c ncuson .
mpr pe nd na e ae b e to c us t i y ais o dd e s ud
o s o lis

Mas n,8 F. a 1 48 (a e s p tto e di n t s fiinl oj c t a ma srt jdg s
rde 47 2d t 5 h b a eiin r d o ufce ty bet o
gitae u e'
rc
e omme tonbe us hiobe tonwa i ufce l cla a dprcie) Cli 37i d nid.
ndai ca e s jci s nsfiinty er n e s.. am s e e
Cl m 38:A ppel e couns provi i f i as s ance i f lng t r s as an
ai
lat
el
ded nefectve sit
n aii o ai e

is on appe lt ti c tse r o f l e t i s r tt j y on t e tme
sue
a he ral our ' r one us aiur o n t uc he ur
h i
Imiato applc l t 1 U. C.j 1 5 h)and,ale nai l 1 U. C.j371 a
i t ins iabe o 8 S.
9 6(
tr tvey, 8 S.
,s
charged i Count 2,i l ng t tm e Im iatons applcabl t t conspi
n
nc udi he i i t i
i e o he
racy t
o
vi at a res rai ng ordert expi ed i 1996.
ol e
t ni
hat
r n

Judge Br
own r
ecommendst t Cour deny t cl m becaus M ovantf l t i iy w hat
hat he
t
he ai
e
ais o dentf

i tu tons ul ha ebengi nt t j r,wh t fiuet giet i tu tonwa sg t nta
nsrci ho d v e ve o he uy y he alr o v he nsrci s ini , nd
ka
doesnoti iy what( i lmiatons' he i r e rng t The Cour af im sand adopt J
dentf
t me i t i ' s ef r i o.
t
t fr
s udge Br
own'
s
r comm e i and alo deni t cl m f t addii r onsgi bel .
e
ndaton
s
es he ai or he
tonal eas
ven ow

Asf t al e fiuet isr ttejr c ncr n teEi l tton'a plc bet 1
or he leg d alr o ntuc h uy o enig h lme i ai s' p ia l o 8
t mi
U. C.j l 6 h ,a c r e i Co t2 oft idit nt t e b c r d c c nig t s cam i
S.
95 ( ) s ha g d n un
he n cme , h a kgoun on er n hi li s
e ai mor f l i r pons t Cl m 40 bel
xpl ned
e uly n es e o ai
ow. However f pur es her , M ovant i est
, or pos
e
gnor he
f tt t Cour gave t f l ng i tucton:
ac hat he
t
he olowi ns r i

1 TI co talo cied a numbe ofoherras f isr i , s part and apa tfom t t tmon ofBaros
9 w ur s t
r t e ons or t ulng e a e
r r he esi y
ri ,

icu i ten tr o teo tu to o j siec ag si tec s .( 2 38.
n ldng h aue f h bsr cin f utc h r e n h a e DE 0 )
24

Count2 aleges a vi aton of l8 U .S. j 1 6 ( ) Th ssa uewa no e a td u i Oc o e
l
ol i
C. 95 h . i tt t s t n ce ntl t b r
28,1
992. Accor ngl i or f you fnd t Def
di y, n der or
i he endantguit ofCount2, you mus fnd t t
ly
t i ha
t41c piac cha ged i Count2 exit on a contnued aferOct 28, 1 92. ( 22 a
he ons r y r n
sed
nd
i
t
ober
2
9 DE 98 t
.

Thus,t scl m lcksmertand mus be deni .
hi ai a
i
t
ed
M ovantf t rass rt t appela e couns s d ha r s on a
urhe e s hat
lt
el houl ve aied
ppealt ti courtsf l e
he ral
' aiur

t isr ttej y t tt p oe tveo d re r d i 1 96 a t a t e iain wa a p rie tfco
o n tuc h ur ha he r tci r e xpie n 9 nd h t he xpr to s e tn n a tr

i tej y' e al to oft mon ylun rngch re .Ho v r t p rise ee i oasi lton
n h ur s v uain he e a dei ag s we e,he ate ntrd nt tpuai
t t pr ec i or was dis ved on M ar 6, 1 96 a d t siulto wa r a t tej r i 9
hat he ot tve der
s ol
ch
9 n he tp ain s e d o h uy n 9-

5 3- SEI ( 25 a 1 37 7 ) I a to o he tsi n wa gi n a tilc n e ni t
8 CR- TZ. DE 25 t 4 3- 4 . n ddiin, t r e tmo y s ve t ra o c r ng he
dis uton of t pr ectve or . ( 2 5 a 6 43;25 2 a 1 44 45 . Fia l de e e c un e
s ol i
he ot i
der DE 49 t 6
3 t 64 - ) n ly, fns o s l

r fr n e t dis ui oft eprt cieor ra d ra te ds ol in or rt t j r d i cosng
ee e c d he solton h o e tv de n e d h is uto de o he u y urng l i

ag men.( 25 4a 1 6: - ;1 91 17 . ,h r wa n n e t i tu tt uyc c r ng
ru t DE 3 t 691 2325 6 7:-) Thustee s o e d o nsrc hej r on eni
t s undiput d f t.Fi l , Mo ntha no p o r o j ce t J ge Br wn' r c
hi
s e ac naly
va s t rpel betd o ud
y
o s eomme dain
n to
concer ng t scl m . Thus Cl m 38 i deni
ni hi ai
ai
s
ed.
,
Cl m 40: Appelat couns pr ded i f ec i asss ance i f lng t raie on
ai
l e
el ovi
ne f tve it
n aii o s
appealt tral c ' error i pr udi def
he i ourts
n ecl ng ense c
ounself om ar ng t ori
r
gui he es

b e on tme lmiato a Iser o f ns ob e t of Coun 2 an s santve
as d
i i t i n nd e s fe e j cs
t
d ub t i
of ens
f es.

J
udge Br
own r
ecom m e t t t Cour s
nds ha he
t umm arl deny t s cl m because M ova has not
iy
hi ai
nt
s fed t ( heores't tdef e couns waspr ude f a gui . However M ovantsat i hi
pecii he s
t i ' ha ens
el
ecl d rom r ng
,
t es n s
Repl breft tt Cour pr uded ti counself om ar ng t tt Gove nmenthad i per s i y
y i ha he
t ecl
ral
r
gui ha he
r
m mi sbl
r i on ovtr act t tpr ed t ef e i da eoft m oney lunderng sat e, l U. C.j 1 56 h .
eled
t s ha edat he f ctve t
he
a
i t ut 8 S.
9 ()
M ova pr des ciatons t t ti tans rpt t the cl m s s
nt ovi
t i o he ral r c i ha
ai upportt s cont i .
hi
enton

g 28a 6 .
DE
t 0)

M ovantm ai ai t appelat couns wasi f tve i f lng t r s t sis on appeal
nt ns hat
le
el
nefec i n aii o aie hi s ue
.
Thi cl m r aest Count2 oft i ct , whi char M ovantw ih a c piacy fom
s ai elt o
he ndi ment
ch
ged
t
ons r
r

Ja r 1979 t ough t r ur of t i ct
nua y
hr
he et n
he ndi menti vi aton of U .S. j 1 6 ( . ( 1 5 a 25)
n ol i
C. 95 h) DE 8 4 t .

Ce ti s bsa tvepr viinsofj 1 dd n tc meit ef c u tlOcob r28, 1992. Thus t basi
ran u tn i o so
956 i o o no fe t n i t e
, he s
25

oft s i f tve asssance ofcounselcl m i t tt Gover
hi nefec i
it
ai s ha he
nmenti pr l r i on ove tact t
m opery eled
r s hat
pr da e Ocobe 28,1 t pr t cons r
e- t d t r
992 o ove he
piacy.
However M ovanthas notpr ded a r d ciatons t s
,
ovi
ny ecor t i
o how t tt G over ent i f ct
ha he
nm , n a ,
r i on over act t t pr da ed t m one l
eled
t s ha e t he
y aunderng sat e i pr ng Count 2 or t M ova '
i t ut n ovi
hat
nts
convi i on t s count was bas excl vel on pr cton
hi
ed
usi y
e enact ent a s2 Unied St es v. M onaco, 1
m
ct .0
t
at
94

d 381 38 ( D Ci 1 9) l de d t onl r fr n e ma t t Go r me tsalg d r inc o
6 2d r 99 n e he y ee e c de o he ve n n ' le e el e n
a
t e ac s i t ciatonspr de by M ovanti t i ct . W hie t i ct
hes t n he t i
ovi d
s he ndi ment
l he ndi mentcha gesover act
r
t s
t toccured be or t efec i dat oft s a ut t s i pe m isi e becaus t Cour i tuct t
ha
r
f e he f tve e he t t e, hi s r s bl
e he
t nsr ed he
-

Jur t t
y ha :

Cou 2 alge avi a i o 1 U. C.j 1 56 ( . Thssaut wa n en ce u tlOcob r
nt l s olton f 8 S.
e
9 h) i tt e s ot a td n i t e
28,1992. Accor ngl i or f you fnd t Def
di y, n der or
i he endantguit ofCount2,you mus fnd t t
ly
t i ha

t c pr c c r d i Co t2 e se on a c tn d a trOcob r28 1 2. ( 2 8 a
he ons ia y hage n un xitd nd on iue fe t e , 99 DE 29 t
24 .
1
Relt y,t Gover entmay i r e e dence fom prort t sat e' enact entçt dem onsr t
aedl he
nm
ntoduc vi
r
i o he t ut s
m
to
ta e

t cons r s geness is pur e,and is oper i over tm e.' M onaco, 1 F. a 386. Thus
he
piacy'
i, t
pos
t
aton
i '
94 3d t
,
M ova has not s fci l alege t no appelat couns act unr onabl i concl ng t t s
nt
ufi enty l d hat
le
el ed eas
y n
udi hat hi

is es ul no b r ie on a e .l de d b c us t Cou tga t p o r u y i tu to M ov n
s u ho d t e as d pp al n e , e a e he r ve he r pe j r nsr cin, a t
c ul n th ve b e p eudc d b t Cou tsalge pr cuson o tilc ns lsa gu n sa ,a
o d o a e n rj ie y he r' le d e l i f ra ou e ' r me t nd s
s
uch,a l e counselcoul have r as
ppelat
d
e onabl concl
y
uded t tt s isue s d notbe r s on appe .
ha hi s
houl
aied
al

Fial Mo a th sf ld t po ry obe tt terc mme ain c ncr n t scam.Th rf e
n l v n a ai o rpel j c o h e o nd to o enig hi li eeor,
y,
e
t scl m i deni
hi ai s
ed.
Cl m 42: Appelat counselpr ded i f i asss ance i f lng t r s on
ai
l e
ovi
nefectve it
n aii o aie

appe t ti lc ts e r ou applc i n ofa U. S. j 2 . e
al he ra our ' r one s
iato
S. G. J17 nhanc me ,
e nt
wher on a num berofgr
e,
ounds,such an enhancem enti cont
s
rary t t purpos of
o he
es
t governi s at e and contr ct by di
he
ng t ut
adi ed
rect l
anguage of t gover ng
he
ni
gui i
delne.

2 I f c, teGo en n n e n trl o o etat t po ea mo e lu d rn c n prc i voain o j
0 n at h
v rme t e d o ey n v r cs o rv
n y a n eig o s ia y n ilto f

1 6 h.Whfedv Uni dsae, 4 U.. 9 21 ( 0 5 .
95 () i l . t tts 5 3 S 20 , 9 2 0 )
e
26

Judge Br
own r
ecom mends t t t Cour deny t s cl m becaus i does not i ntf t
ha he
t
hi ai
e t
de iy he
tgr
d ounds'upon whi a lt couns s d have chalenged t enhancem e . However Cl m 42
'
ch ppela e
el houl
l
he
nt
, ai
1 ch s itn n
e ubsantve
r at cl el t Cl m 30,2 w hi i wrte i a mor s t i m anner l
el es os y o ai
ndeed as i evi ntfom
s de r
.
,

isr pons t t M oton t Vaca e, t Gover
t es e o he
i o
t he
nmentwason notc oft r at
ie he el ednes oft cl m sa
s hese ai nd

te s bsa c o boh. ( 1 a 236 3 (efri b c t Gov r me tsrs on e t Cli 30q Thus,
h u tn e f t DE 4 t - 7 r e rng a k o e n n ' e p s o am )
.

t Cou td c i st a op J dg Br
he r e lne o d t u e own' r c m me a i s butdeni t cl m anyway f t r asons
s eo
nd ton
es he ai
or he e
dicuss bel
s ed ow.

By way of backgr
ound,Secton 2.1. sat t t l f a enhanc
i
17 t es ha : t n
l
ement under 1 U .S. j 31
8
C. 47
apples,add 3 l st t of e e l f t ofens com m it whie on r eas as i t ss ton wer
i
evel o he f ns evel or he f e
ted l
el e f hi ec i
e

a s fc of e e comm it whie on r eas .' On M ovants frtappeal he chalenged t applca i
pecii f ns
ted l
el e '
' is
l
he
i ton
,
of t enhancement but not pur uant t Appr
he
s
o
endi v. Ne J r e 5 U. 466 ( 00 . 20 W L
w e sy, 30 S.
20 ) 06
4402521 a 25. The Elvent Cicui f
,t
e h r t ound t any erori cal atng M ovants s ence washa m l s
hat
r n cul i
' ent
r es

becaus t Cour sat t i woul r ach t s e s ence e i t gui i cal a i wer
e he
t t ed hat t
d e
he am ent
ven f he delnes cultons e
eroneous. M agl a,418 F. at 11
r
ut
3d
84. On M ovants second appeal t El
'
h r t declne t
cui
i d o
, he event Ci
consder t ar e s M ovantas ert as t t Sec i 2.1 . enhanc ent because M ova ha not
i he gum nt
s ed
o he ton 17
em
nt d
r s t e ar
aied hos gument on hi frtappeal M a ut 31 Fed.Appx.at205.
s
s is
.
gl a, 3
l t s cl ms M ovant mai ai t appelat couns was i f tve i f lng t r se t
n hi ai
nt ns hat
le
el
nef ec i n aii o ai he

Ap e dic le get t j2.. e a e n on Mov ntsfrta e ( 12a 1 1 28a 38 4 .
pr n haln o he 1 7 nh nc me t
1
a ' is pp al DE - t 4- 5; t - 0J
.

How e ,asse f t abovesi is opi on concer ng M ovants fr tappeal t Elvent Cicui f
ver
t orh
n t ni
ni
' is
e h r t ound
, he
t tany e r i t se ence cal aton was har l s becaus t Cour sat t t i woul r
ha
r or n he nt
cul i
m es
e he
t t ed ha t
d each t e
h
s
ame s ence even i t gui i cal a i wer eroneous M agl a,418 F. at l18 Thus,
ent
f he delnes cultons e r
.
ut
3d
4.
Cl m 42 i deni
ai
s
ed.

Cl m 43: Appelat couns provi i f i as st
ai
le
el
ded nefectve si ance i f lng t r s on
n aii o aie

a alt evil in oft rgh ac i na de e
ppe h oato
he i t rmi l f ndant( rt DuePr e sClus
unde he
oc s a e
and Fed. R. Cri . P. 43 and consst wih Si h Am endm ent conf ont i
m
i ent t
xt
r aton

2 Cli 3 in tasb et teisa t
1 am 0 s o uj c ofh ntn R&R a d es dh r i
d rse een

.

27

@
:

y

'

E

prncpls t pr s nc att Ocobe 6 20 sat c nf r nc ,wh c i lghtof
i i e ) o e e e he t r , 06 t us o e e e i h, n i
t ef e gi t t s enci r i at t hearng as f
he f ct ven o he ent ng ulng
hat
i
ound i t decii of
n he
son
t courtofappeal on t se
he
s
he cond appeal wasa de f o s enci and where t
,
act ent ng
he
c pl e abs
om et
ence of per
sonali eracton wih couns pri t t hearng m eant
nt
i
t
el or o he
i
t onl t def
hat y he endant coul have done s et ng at t poi t cl f and
d
om hi
hat nt o ariy
e
xpand upon t r
he ecord re
gardi t isues of pr nci eoncern as not by the
ng he s
i pal
ed
s enci court
ent ng
.

.
,

!

,
.

M ovantass t t appelat couns was i f i i f lng t r s , on appeal t M ovants
ers hat
le
el
nefectve n aii o aie
, hat
'

'

rght we e vi a e becaus he w asnotpr entatt Oct
i s r olt d
e
es
he ober 6, 2006 sat conf ence. J
t us
er
udge Br
own

:

7
.

r omm e t t Cour s m a iy deny t scl m becaus M ovantsat t the çcoul have done
ec
nds hat he
t um r l
hi ai
e
t es ha
l d

.

s e hi ,butf l t s fcaly i iy whathe i r eri t . A ss c M ov n f ist i n iy a y
om t np'
ais o pecii l dentf
s ef rng o
u h, a t a l o de tf n

i

)
.

'

z

ed
els l
prj di whi m a have been caus by couns ' aleged enor TheCo tafr a a opsJ dg
eu ce ch y
ur fims nd d t u e

è

Br
own' r comm enda i l addii M ovantwasnots enced att sconf e a no evi
se
ton. n
ton,
ent
hi
er nce nd
dence was

l

.

'

tke ( 3 7) l ta c un e agu d wh t rM o ntsp e e c wa r q rd a t er s ne ig
a n DE 00 . nse d, o s l r e ehe va ' r s n e s e uie t h e e tncn

(
,

and whe hert Cour s d conduc adenovo r e enci . ( . Th s b c u eRue4 o te e .
t he
t houl
t
es nt ng 7 ) u , e a s l 3 fh F d R.
#.

:
)

Crm.P.pr vi st tt d f n n ' p e e e i n trquie whe ûll e p o e dig ivove o y a
i
o de ha he e e da ts r s nc s o e r d n ç h r c e n n l s nl
t

:

conf e orhea i on a quesi oflw ,'Cl m 43 mus be deni f t saddii r
er nce
rng
ton a ' ai
t
ed or hi
tonal eason. Las l
ty,
M

,
;
)

.

i
.

ov n f ist obe tt J dg Br src
a t al o j c o u e own' e omme dain c c r ngt scam a d,i ta rne hi
n to on e ni hi li n nse d, e ws s

:

)
,
r
eques t amend t M oton t Vacae, whi as s t f t above,t Courthas deni . M ovants
to
he
i o
t
ch,
e orh
he
ed

t

oj cin i i o r a d ia q t obeto b c us i smpl fist a rs J dg Br s
beto s mprpe n n de uae j cin e a e t i y al o dde s u e own'

t

concl i .
usons

)
J

(
r

Marde 8 F. a l 48 (idi t t o j cins t a ma sr t s rpo t a d
s n, 47 2d t 5 fn ng ha b e to o
gitae' e r n

rc mme ai mus s cfc l i ntf t fn n ob e td t a d t tt dititc r ne d n
e o nd ton t pe iial de iy he idigs j ce o n ha he src ou t e ot
y

)

c sd rc cusv o g neal be ton)
on ie on l ie r e r o jci s.
b.

'

r
.

Cl msofPr s c oral ic
ai
o e ut i M s onduc ( ai 8. 1 23, ,4
t Cl ms 9, 2, 44 5)

E- ba f rgrntn h b a b s d o pr e u o ilmic duc i a hgh o . fa v Ale ,
Gl
rlhe r o a ig a e s a e n os c t ra s on t s i ne' nd . ln
'

7

57 F. 1 1( 1h Ci.20 ) Pr s c o ilmic du tc n ony bea b ssf rr le i i A o if ce
3 3d 21 1 t r 09 . o e utra s on c a l
a i o eif f t s n e td
s

,

t t i wih unf r s as t make t r uli convi i a deni of due pr s.' Dar
he ral t
aines
o
he es tng
cton
al
oces ' den v.

'

l
è

)

Wai ght 477 U. 1 181,106 S.Ct 2464, 91L. 2d 1 ( 98 ;Br ok v Fr cs 71 F.
nwri ,
S. 68,
.
Ed. 44 1 6) o s . an i, 6 2d
28

i

7
(

7

)
:

è

7 ,7 ( 1hCi.1 3 .TheElve t Cic tha rc ie t t$a c vito wilbesta iefr
80 8s 1t r 98 )
e nh rui s eognz d ha ( ) on cin l e sd o
(
pr ecut i m iconduc whe e t pr ecuton know i y i r
os oral s
t r he os i
ngl ntoduces f s i or i and t r i a
ale nf maton
he e s

rao be l lh d t t t f s tsi n peu c d te d fn n' rg t ' Unied St es v
e sna l i ioo ha he ale etmo y rj die h ee da t ihs ' t
ke
s
at .
.

Ca al 806 F. 1 , 1 1 ( 1hCi.1 6 ,c r.de e 48 U. 1 21 1 7 S. . 3265,97 L.Ed.
por e,
2d 487 5 4 1 t r 98 ) e / nid, 3 S. 0 , 0 Ct

2d76 ( 98 ) An e de ta yhe rng i rquie onl wh n t M ov ntc me f nv r wihal g ton
3 1 7.
vi n ir a i s e r d y e he a o s o ad t l a i s
e
ofpr ecut i miconductt ar notmer y concl or and a e suppor by a f ct ba s Lynn,365
os oral s
hat e
el
us y
r
t
a ual si.
F. a 1 39;I
3d t 238- acovetiv. Unie St e ,5 4 F.d 11 9 11 ( t Ci.1 76 ;Ro i e v Unied
t
td ats 3 2 8 , 90 5h r 9 ) drgu z . t

Stts 47 F. 1 2,1 43 ( t Ci.1 73 (i i no e d ntay he rng r q rd wh r mov n
ae , 3 2d 04 0 5h r 9 ) fndng
vie ir a i e uie e e a t

alg dt tteGo rme tk wi y u e p j e tsi ny ma eflesae nt a u e d nc
le e ha h ven n no ngl s d erurd etmo , d as ttme s bo t vie e
and s ess e dence,a f l t corect i
uppr ed vi
nd aied o r naccur e t tmony of Gover
at esi
nmentw iness and t
t es
he

mo n i l e po t o t ti ta s rp a as n sae n b ago e nme ta n)
va t ncud d ri f he ralr n c it nd wor t tme t y v r n ge t
ons
.

Cl m 8: Vi aton oft Fit Am endm ent s due proces cl e and Si h Am endm ent
ai
ol i
he fh
'
s aus
xt
rghtt j y t ildu t pr ent i of i per i i e t y of guit exceedi s
i o ur ra e o es aton m m ssbl heor
l,
ng cope of
t cri i s at e. Tle gover ent i pr
he
m nal t ut
l
nm
m operl reled at t i , and t j y wa
y i
r al
he ur
s
er ousy perm it t c et as t Count 2 and 34- , on st ut l unsupport
rone l
ted o onvi ,
o
s
41
at oriy
ed
t
heori of t ke com ponent of t charges i udi t t
es
he y
s
he
s i
desgned,'
'
, ncl ng he erms f

çkno ngl ' G ondue s' and ftans ton' (r s e / ii ,and t us ofa t or o
i wi y, c
'
t,
'
ir aci ' t an f rwrtng)
he e
he y f
conceal entt i i i underi erveni Supr e Cour precedent Regal Cuel
m
hat s nvald
nt
ng
em
t
.
ado
lar

v Unie Stts 1 S.Ct 1 94 ( 08 (ee tlg g ve nmen poii t tpur eul
. td ae, 28
. 9 20 ) rjci o r
t stoa ha
posf
c e l nto tans t i o ilga pr e ds s iie j 1 56 ee ntofdei t
onc ame f r poraton f le l oce ats d 9 lme
sgn o
c e l.Thec itonst r yviltdt mo ntsduepr esrg sa rghtt j y
onc a)
onvci heeb oae he va '
ocs iht nd i o ur
det i i of t reevant i ues, by e
erm naton
he l
ss
xceedi t perm isi e s
ng he
s bl cope of t st ut ,
he at e
warr i vacaton oft convi i and,alernatvel , t condii
antng
i
he
ctons
t
i y he
tonalgrantng ofa new
i
t al
ri .

l t scl m ,M ovantaver t tt Gover
n hi ai
s ha he
nment' t y c
s heor oncer ng t çdesi
ni he E gned t . . . conceal
o
or diguie el ent of t m oney l
s s em
he
aunderng stt e,' i not consit nt wih Cuelar. I Cue l t
i
a ut ' s
se
t
l
n
lar, he

Supr
eme Cour i er e ed t ddesi d t .
t nt pr t he d gne o

. .

conceal or di s elm ent'of t Sta poraton'
sguie e
'
he tr ns t i '

s i oft money l
ecton he
aunderng sat e, 1 U. C.j 1 ()2 ( () a d h l t tç r l hii f nd
i t ut 8 S.
956 a ( )B)i, n ed ha ç ey dng u s
me
durng ta poraton was not a vi aton of t sat e and t t t gover ent m us pr t t e
i r ns t i
ol i
he t ut
ha he
nm
t ove hat h
tans aton had t pum os ofconc i t s ce orow ner hi oft f .' Or i Al
r port i
he
e
ealng he our
s p he unds ' tz- vear v.U S.

AtJ Ge e a,4 Fe App 955 95 ( 1hCi.J e 1 ,2 1 f iig Cu lar 55 U. a 5 )
t ' n r l 29 d. x. , 7 1 t r un 4 01 ) ctn el , 3 S. t 68
29

( np ih d . J dg Br wn r omme dsp rilde a o t scam wih r s c t M o n ' ge r l
u ubls e ) u e o ec
n a t nil f hi li t e pe t o va ts ne a
a

alg to ta tej ywa pemitdt c nvc,a t Cou s2 a 3441 on ûsa ut iy uns
le ain h t h ur s r te o o it s o nt nd - , st t orl uppored
t
t
heori oft ke com ponent oft char , i udi t t
es he y
s he
ges ncl ng he ennsldesi ds' ûknowi y,'(conduct,'
i gne ' d
ngl ' s
s'

a d drnsci '(rnse/ ii ) Mo ntoj csa d,on te on h nd mai ai t t ûcl ms of
n ta aton' ta frwrtng. va be t n
t
h e a , nt ns ha t ai
i
nadequat defnii of i tuc i t nns ar r ary hea d a r ol by Cours
e i ton
ns r tonal e
e egul l
r nd es ved
t,

'( 4 a 1 1
' DE 0 t 2

a , o t ot e h nd a s rs t a M ov nts Re y b i f a o h r cli s i t M o i n t V a a e
nd n he h r a , s e t h t
a ' pl re nd t e a m n he to o c t ,
s fcaly Cl m s9,10,and 1 cl iy t bass f Cl m 8 as t t tsat orl uns
pecii l ai
2 arf he i or ai
o he ût ut iy uppored t i
t heores

of ke component of t c ges.' ( 46 a 7 8 .The Cou ta fr a a op s J ge Br s
y
s he har ' DE
t -1
r fims nd d t ud
own'
r
ecommendaton t deny t Ssat orl uns
i o
he st m iy upport t i ofke com pone s'par ofCl m 8. Even
ed heores
y
nt' t
ai

l ng atCl ms 9,10,and 1 and t Repl bre , t Courtc
ooki
ai
2
he
y if he
annotas t n w hatM ovanti r e rng
cerai
s ef r i
t To t ext ,t s par oft cl m r at t t Sdum b lwyer't y, t Cour has dicus ed
o.
he ent hi
t he ai el es o he s
a
' heor he
t
s s
M ovantsc alenge t t salegedt y i r ponset Cl m s9, l 1 and 1 2
' h l
o hi l
heor n es
o ai
6, 7,
9.2
Cl m 9:Vi aton oft Fit Am endm entsduepr scl e i t gover entsf l e
ai
ol i
he fh
'
oces aus n he
nm ' aiur
t f l com pl wih t oblgaton t dicl e i orm aton m at al t t def e f
o uly
y t he i i o s os nf
i
eri o he ens or
pur es oft i orsent ng and t governm ents relance on an e dentar t
pos
r al
enci
he
' i
vi i y heory t
hat
t governm entnew t be uns
he
o
ound and unr i e . . .
elabl
Thi cl m i mulif ed. Fis ,M ovant cont
s ai s
t-acet
rt
ends t t t Gover ent r i on t f s
ha he
nm
eled
wo ale

f ualpr iesw ih r pectt t m one l
act
em s
t es
o he
y aunderng c s, namel t t a t ne who r ved t
i ount
y hat he tor ys
ecei he

c c we euna r oft s re o te f nds(ç e du Iwye a g me f' a t tt pa me s
he ks r wa e he ou c f h u Gh mb a r r u n ) nd ha he y nt
t
wer made t t a t ne t avoi t pr ectve or , whi was no l
e
o he tor ys o
d he ot i
der
ch
ongervald when t payment
i
he
s

wer m ade. M ovant f t ave s t t Gover
e
urher r hat he
nment f l t dicl e evi nce t M ovant t
aied o s os
de
o
hat
under i t Gover
m ned he
nment' t y t t ator ys who r ved t checkswer unawa e ofwher
s heor hat he t ne
ecei he
e
r
e
t m one came f om . Lasl , M ovantm ai ai t t evi
he
y
r
ty
nt ns hat he dence pr ent a ti di notesablsh t t
es ed t ral d
t i ha
t pur e of M ovant m aki payment t hi ator
he
pos
ng
s o s t neys wih c
t hecks under a f s name was
ale

2 TheCo twilwai t r eon t po ton oft cl m i whih M ova c e t tt Govemme '
2
ur l t o ul
he ri
he ai n c
nt ontnds ha he
nts
t or co r ng t d i d t . . . c ealor diguie elme of t mone lunderng saut ' i not
he y nce ni he ç gne o
des
onc
s s e nt he
y a
i tt e, ' s
c it wihCuel untli hasr ei anR&R add es ngt spa toft Cl m 8.
onssent t
lar i t ec ved
r si hi r he ai
30

E

q

l

1

conce m e .Raher t Gover e , e de s
al nt t , he
nm nts vi nce howed onl t tt tans aton oft f
y ha he r port i
he unds i t s
n hi

è

:

'

t

manner was f conceal ,whi i i ufi ent f c cton under t m oney l
or
ment
ch s ns fci or onvi i
he
aunderng sa ut
i tt e

@
)

p run t Cul r
usato el .
a

)
j

J d Br rc
u ge own e omme dst a t e Co ts
n h t h ur umma i d n Cl m 9 be a s ( )M o n f i d t
rl e y ai
y
c u e 1 va t al o
e
cie t r d ort an afi tt s
t he ecor
o
fdavi o uppor hi posii t t l
t s ton hat he awyer r vi t checks kne oft
s ecei ng he
w
he

f

t

s re o fliy ofte c c s a ( Mov n fie t povde rc d ctst etbls t tte
ouc r ast
h he k ; nd 2) a t ald o r i eor ie o sa ih ha h

y

Go r n rle o t E mblwye ag n. Mo n oj csa dpo de rc dctto , c
venme t eid n he t
du a r rume t' va t bet n rvi s e or iainswhih
'

)

he aleges demons r e t t Gover
l
tat hat he
nment r i on t çdumb Iwyer ar
eled
he û
a
gument' M ovant alo
.'
s

)
:
E

c e t hepr ded cia i t t r d i hi Repl bref l a ton,M ovantcont
ont nds hat
ovi
t tons o he ecor n s
y i . n ddii
endst hi
hat s

y

ownafd vi,whihwass mitda p r ofhi Re y i s potofhi Moi t Va ae(l e i
fia t c
ub te s at s pl n up r
s ton o ct K ndx
App

:
è

(
.

.
.

.

D' as s po thspo iinc c r ngt ç mblwye agu n . g 40a 1 - 31
' lo up r i sto on e ni he û
)
du a r r me t' DE t 2 1 .
'

C
J
(

As s f t above,t Courtaf im s J
et orh
he
fr udge Br
own' r
s ecom mendaton t deny M ovantl
i o
eave t
o

(

'

amend hi M oton t Vacat t i ude M ovant s af i t M or
s
i o
e o ncl
' fdavi.
eover por i of t Gover
tons
he
nments
'
,

(

è

)

cl ng ar entdipelM ovantscont i t t Gover entr i on t ûdumb l
osi gum
s
'
enton hat he
nm
eled he u
.
awyerar ent''
gum .

;
7

( 25 a 1 58 90 . I a dii ,t o y wine st Go r me tc ld,who i i n iid i te
DE 33 t 6 7- ) n d ton he nl t s he ve n n al
e
s de tfe n h

.
L

ë
.

è
t

i cm entas r vi t checks s fed i Count 34- , i a t ne Sc t S e i k. M r Sr bnik
ndit
ecei ng he
pecii n
s 41 s tor y o t r bn c
. e c

y

t tfed t he knew t tt checks he r ved,whi wer dr
esii hat
ha he
ecei
ch e awn on over eas banks and w e e fom
s
r r

,

i vi s M r Sr ck di not know ,wer pr ded i e nge f r es ntng M ovant and c
ndi dual . ebni
d
e ovi n xcha
or epr e i
o-

t

r
.
'
'

'

L
1

(

dee da tW il Fac n. ( 2 a 6 49 66 1. I a dii ,t i cam r sson t a s mpi ta
f n n li lo DE 495 t 6 - 6 ) n d ton hs li e t he s u ton h t
e

'
t

t s ton of t mone l
he ec i
he
y aunderng sa ut under whi M ovant was c ged, j 1 6 () l( ()
i tt e
ch
har
95 a( )B)i,

i

r r t Gover
equies he
nmentt pr t M ovanti ended t concealordiguie t a ti esoft dr
o ove hat
nt
o
s s he trbut
he ug

'

pr
oceeds fom t ator
r he t neys who r ve t checks and t t t a t neys wer unawar of t e
ecei d he
ha he tor
e
e
hes

atrbut However t Gover
ti es.
, he
nment need onl pr t M ovant i ended t concealdiguie t
y ove hat
nt
o
/ s s he

,

(

.

a ti esfom aut ii notfom t ator
trbut r
hortes, r he t neysw ho wer pari t t e tans i . Has 33 F.
e tes o hes r actons
son,
3d

:
.

(

at 1 ;Wilams,605 F. at564- M or
274- li
3d
67. eover M ova has f l t pr de any r d cia i or
,
nt
aied o ovi
ecor t tons

'
)

31

:

j
.
q
'

l
j
'

i

I

(

a fdavist demonsr e t t Gover
fi t o
tat hat he
nmentf l t dicl ecerai evi
aied o s os t n denceand hasf l t i iy
aied o dentf

)

.

t aleged undicl ed evi
he l
s os
dence wih any s fciy.
t
pecii t

)

)
'

M ovantalo cont
s
endst tt Gove nmentr i on a f s t y t t pa e swer m a
ha he
r
eled
ale heor hat he ym nt
e de
t t a t neyst avoi t pr e i or ,w hi wasno l rvald when t payment wer m a .
o he tor
o
d he ot ctve der
ch
onge i
he
s e de

7

(

How e , ass f t above,t pari ent ed i o a s i a i t tt pr ec i or wasdis ved
ver
et orh
he tes er nt tpulton ha he ot tve der
s ol

:

on M ar h 6, 1 96a t si lt wa ra t t j l i 9958 CR- TZ.( 25 a 1 37 7 .
c
9 nd he tpuai s e d o he u' n - 3- SEI DE 25 t 4 3-4)
on
y

.

l addii ot t tmony was gi n att i concer ng t disol i oft pr ectve or r (
n
ton, her es i
ve
ral
ni he s uton
he ot i
de . DE

h
é

)
.

?
S

2 a 6 43;25 a 1 4 - ) Fial de e e c uns lrf rnc d t d solton oft p oe tv
495 t 6
32 t 6 44 45 . n lys fns o e e e e e he is u i
he r tcie

'

)
'

)
.

ode a d ra tedis uin ore t t j y d i cosng agu n. ( 25 a 191 2 25;
r r n ed h solto d r o he ur urng l i r me t DE 34 t 6 6:3-

r
i

1 7:- .Th ,hi ifr tonwa b fr tej ya dt Gov rme tddn tr yo aflet oy
691 17) ust s nomai s eoe h ur n he en n i o el n as he r

ê

1

y
..
'

i t sr d.
n hi egar

J

t

Fi l , w ih r pectt t entr t of t s cl m,M ovantf l t pr entany e dence t t
naly t es
o he iey
hi ai
ais o es
vi
hat he

)
.
:

Govem m entknowi y pr
ngl oceede on f s t ores Ca al 806 F. at 1 4.Thus Cl m 9 m us be
d
ale he i . por e,
2d 51
, ai
t

)

de e
nid.

)

'

)

è

@
(

Cl m 1 Vi aton of t Fith A m endm ent s due proces cl e and Si h Am endm ent
ai 2: ol i
he f
'
s aus
xt

)

rghtt j y t i duet pr s nt in ofi r s i e t e y ofg l,e e di s ope o
i o ur ral
o e e ato
mpe misbl h or
uit xc e ng c
f

;

t crm i s atut ...
he i nal t e

t

The basi f t scl m i t alhough M ovantwaschar w ih dconc m ent'm oney
s or hi ai s hat t
ged t s eal '

,
#

l
aunderng,he cl mst t Gove nmentr i on t t y of(pr
i
ai hat he
r
eled he heor
s oceeds'm oney lunderng t obt n
'
a
i o ai
s
nt
nt ns o t t s ubl e a d ec us o t
a c vito 2 Thi,M ova mai ai , c nsiue do e jop ry b a e prmoi almon y
on cin.3
t
on
e

lu eigi as avi ai o t dr c ns rc sauea tej r i 985 - SEl ma ha e
a nd rn s lo olton f he ug o pia y ttt nd h uy n -83CR- TZ y v

;
'
'
L

)
k
)
'

.

f

?
'
)

'
:

f
ound,i convi i M ovant t tt m oney a is wasus aspa oft dr busnes when M ovant
n
ctng
, ha he
t s ue
ed
rt he ug i s

had aleady bee acquit of t dr cons r char i 9l 6060- M OREN O. l addii
r
n
ted
he ug
piacy
ges n CRn
ton,

'

(

.

2 ç nce ment'mone l de i i enga ng i fna a ta aci wih t pr edsofs ciid unl ul
3t
Co al :
y aun rng s
gi n i ncil r ns tons t he oce
pe fe
awf
a tviy knowi t tt ta aci a ede i
ci t
ng ha he r ns tons r sgned i whol ori patt c alo digui t nat e t I aton
n
e n r o once r s se he ur , he oc i ,
t s rc , te o rhp, o t c nr l o tef n s 1 U. C. j1 5 ()1( () (mp ai a d d .
he ou e h wnes l r he o to f h u d . 8 S.
9 6a()B)i. e h ss d e )
çpr i l'mo y l
ç omotona' ne aunde i i enga ng i fnanci tans ci wih t pr e of s cii unlwf
rng s
gi n i al r a tons t he oc eds
pe fed a ul

a t t wi te itn t pr moetec ryig o o pe se u lw u a t i . l U.. j 9 6 ()1( ()
ci y t h ne t o o t h ar n n fs c d na f l ci t 8 SC. 1 5 a()A)i.
vi h
vy
(mp a i a d d .
e h ss d e )
32

y

)
)
,
.

l

)
t

y

l

)

l

)

!
k

k
!
.

(

.

(

.

.

ë

E
1
l

M ovantcont
endst tunderUnied St esv. Sa o , 53U. 5 ( 008 a Cl r v M a t e , 43U.
ha
t at
nts 5
S. 07 2 ) nd a k . ri z 5
n
S.
371
,

!

t
.

37 8 (005,hej r wa no pop ryi tu tdta ç r eds'o pup e ofCou s2a 34
9-0 2 )t uy s t r el nsrce h tl oc e 'fr ross
p
nt nd -

'
i

41meantpr isasoppos t r pt
oft
ed o ecei s.

E

p
(
i

Judge Br
own r
ecomm e t t Courts
nds hat he
umm arl deny t scl m becaus M ovanthasf l t
iy
hi ai
e
aied o

)

(
.

.

pr de r d ciatons t s
ovi ecor t i o uppor hi c enton t tt Gover ent i ope l r id on an ûact
t s ont i ha he
nm
mpr ry ele
d ual

i

.
7

po e dste r'a d ta Mo n fie t ie tf a patc a j l i tu tont twaserne sy
rc e h oy' n h t va t ald o d niy ny riulr u. nsrci ha
y
ro ou l

t
l
)

gie o o te Mov ntoj csa dasrst thepo de ctto t terc r t s pothicli
v n r mitd. a be t n set ha rvi d iains o h e od o up rt s am

y
ï

i hi Repl bref M ovantdi pr de cia i t f pages oft ti tans i i hi Repl bref.
n s
y i.
d ovi t tons o our
he ral r crpt n s
y i

'

g 28 a 23 . Howe e ,t s pa e o t eta c it whc c iea e epto t Go r me '
DE t )
v r he e g s f h rns rp, ih omprs n xc r f he ve n nts

?

openi sat
ng t ement do not es a ih t t Gover ent r i on a t y of pr i
,
t bls hat he
nm
eled
heor
omotonal mone
y

:
t

l
aunderng as oppos t conceal
i
ed o
mentm one l
y aunderng. I
i
ndeed,t Gover entfequenty r e ences
he
nm
r
l ef r

)
)

f
)

è
:
)
(

.

t c nc ame tofte f n d ig op nig sae n . ( 2 2 a 1 - 7,56 5 .M o e v ,M o n
he o e l n h u ds urn e n tt me t DE 47 t 6 1 - 8) r o er va t

)
1

h
asnotpr ded any r d ciatonst t evi
ovi
ecor t i o he dence a ti s
t ral uggesi t tt Gover
tng ha he
nmentpr
oceeded on

y
q
;
t
.

a (pr
ç oceeds'money l
'
aunde i t y as oppos t a (conceal ' t y. W hie M ovantr at y
rng heor
ed o t
ment' heor
l
epe edl

t

(
.

.
'
j

issst a heprvi d ctto t t e d n e a tili s pp toft scam,( 4 a 1 DE 4 a
n it h t o de iains o he vie c t ra n u or hi li DE 0 t 5, 6 t

)

9 ,heonl ctto p o d d aet t Go r me tsop nig sae ntwhihi no e d n e.
)t
y iains r vie r o he ve n n ' e n ttme , c s t vie c

C

q
.

Moe ve,te p t oft s cam i whih Mov nta r t tt j y wa no po ry
ro r h ori
on hi li n c
a ves ha he ur s t rpel

t
'

i tuct pur uantt Cl k and Sant , i wihout m ert Sant i i
nsr ed s
o ar
os s t
i.
os s napplcabl t t s c as t
i e o hi ase he

;
.
t

'

.

)

El
event Cicui has r t y f
h r t
epeaedl ound t i apples onl t m one l
hat t
i
y o
y aunderng char i vi r pt
i
ges nvol ng ecei s

?

j
'

f r u ie e ga ig op rto . Se Unie Stts v De e t 57 F. 1 2, 1 42 ( 1h Ci.
o nlc ns d mbln e ains e td ae . mar s, 0 3d 23 2 1 t r
20 9) Unie Sttsv J nnigs 5 F. 1 41 1 2( 1h Ci.2 0) Thei t n c s ce ry i ole
0 ; td a e . e n , 99 3d 2 , 25 1 t r 01 . nsa t a e la l nv v s
dr pr
ug oceeds Furt ,Cl appea s t be wholy ir evant as i i ves det i of alens. Thus
.
her ark
r o
l r el
t nvol
enton
i
,

E

y
?

j

y
'
.

1

y
'

Cl m 12 mus be deni
ai
t
ed.

C
)

Cl
ai 23:Cons
m
tructve am endm entoft i ct
i
he ndi menti vi aton oft Fit A mendm ent
n ol i
he f h

E
)
.
'

gr nd j y caus . The c c i o Count6 i f caly i vald whe e t go er nt
a ur l e
onviton f
s ai l n i
r he v nme

i

cons ructvel am ended t char Cont
t i y
he
ge.
rary t t i ct ent Oscar M as di not cai
o he ndi m ,
d
l m

)

33

.

)

)

j
.
!

L

he was ofered m oney t gi df s excul ory' t tm ony. H e i t cl m ed he was
f
o ve dale
pat ' es i
ns ead ai
asked t gi m ere colat
o ve
l eral i peachm ent e dence t m i or m i not have been
m
vi
hat ght
ght
admi i e. In Ight of m uli e isues underm i ng t credi lt of t M as el m s t
ssbl
i
tpl s
ni he
biiy
he
ai
, he

c t uci ame
onsr tve ndmen wa s t talyand unf i l pr j ca .
t s ubsan i l
a ry eudiil

The bassoft scl m i e ai above i r pons t Cl m 25. Ther d ciatonspr ded
i hi ai s xpl ned
n es e o ai
ecor t i
ovi

by M ovant do not esabls t t t gover
t ih ha he
nment c t uctvel amended Count 6. Thus Cl m 23 i
onsr i y
, ai
s
deni
ed.
Cl m 44:Vi aton oft Due Proces Cl e and t Ei h Am endm enti s enei t
ai
ol i
he
s aus
he ght
n ent ng he
m ovanton t bassofm at i l i
he i
eraly naccur e and i
at
ncom pl ef s. . .
et act
Thi cl m i bas on M ova ' cont i t prort r ent ng, he adm it t hi crm e,
s ai s ed
nts
enton hat i o es enci
ted o s i
e ess d r or e, a accept r ponsbiiy,t t t G over ent knew about M ovant s efors
xpr e em s nd
ed es i lt ha he
nm
' f t,
t e ened M ovant t t i he i or
hr at
ha f
nf med t Cour, t Gover
he
t he
nmentwoul t r alat y and punii
d ake et i or
tve
acton a ns hi and t t Gover
i gai t m,
hat he
nmentdi noti or t Cour pror t r ent ng ofM ovants
d
nf m he
t i o es enci
'
efors t e comm itng pr ecut i m iconduct
f t her by
ti
os oral s
.

J
udge Br
own r
ecom mends t t Cour
hat he
t

s
umm arl deny t scl m because M ovantf l t i iy wha actons he t t acceptr
iy
hi ai
ais o dentf
t i
ook o
esponsbiiy
i lt
a f l t sa e who advied hi t tt Gover
nd ais o tt
s
m ha he
nmentwoul t punii orr alat y actonsagai t
d ake
tve et i or i
ns
hi i he t d t Cour a
m f ol he
t boutt ef orshehad undera t acc r ponsbiiy f hi ac i . I hi
he f t
tken o ept es i lt or s tons n s

Repl bre M ovantsat t thi couns ,J fey S. W ei ,t d hi t t Gover
y if,
t es ha s
el ef r
ner ol m hat he
nmenthad war
ned
t t i woul engage i punii or r t it . meas es t r t M ovant i t M ovantadvi d t
ha t
d
n
tve
e ala ol
y
ur owa d he
f he
se he
Cour ofhi ef ors t a
t
s f t o cceptr ponsi lt . g 28 a 6 64 . Ho ve,t M ov ntf l t i niy
es
biiy DE
t 3- 1 we r he a ais o de tf
wha t eforswer t he alege y underook t a
t he f t
e hat
l dl
t
o cceptr ponsbiiy f hi ac i . M ovantas ers
es i lt or s tons
s t

i t e Re y b ift a he s mitd a a fd vi ( pe di D)c c r ng te a tonshet ok t tk
n h pl re h t ub te n fia t Ap n x
on e ni h c i
o o ae
r ponsi lt but as se f t above,t Cour wilnot consde t s afi vi and e i i di , t
es
biiy, ,
t orh
he
t l
i r hi fda t
ven f t d he
af
fdavi does not a ess t s is . Furher M ovant mai ai t he w il s i afi t fom
t
ddr
hi s ue
t ,
nt ns hat
l ubm t fdavis r

Yadia Re osand Nei Schuser butM ova di nott e t e afi t and, even i he had,t Cour
r yer
l
t,
nt d
5l hes fdavis
f
he
t

wo dn c sde te d t u edea a peu c t t Go rmen.I a diin,i teRe y
ul ot on i r h m ue o ndu ly nd rj die o he ven t n d to n h pl
bref M ovantr er t t afi tofAl Ros . The Courtpr ousy declne t per i M ovantt fl
i,
ef s o he tdavi
an s
evi l
i do mt
o ie
34

t sa fd vi. ( 49,DE 5 .Thu ,M ov n ha f ie t ie tf t e f t he e ga d i t tke
hi fi a t DE
41 s
a t s ald o d n iy he fors n ge n o a
r ponsi lt f hi actons
es
biiy or s i .

Fial M o n f ist o j c t J dg Br s rc
n ly, va t al o b e t o u e own' e omme dai c nc r n t i cam a d,
n ton o enig hs li n
it
nsead,r news hi r
e
s eques t amend t M oton t V acat , whih,as s f t above,t Cour has
to
he
i o
e
c
et orh
he
t

de e M o n ' obe ton i a i o ra ia q t on b c us i smpl f l t a drs J e
nid. va ts j ci s n mpr pe nd n de uae e e a e t i y ais o d e s udg
Br
own' c usons. M ar den, 8 F. a 1 45 ( bespeion rdd n tsf inl oj c t a
s oncl i
s
47 2d t 5 ha a tt e i o uGce ty bet o
i

ma srt j gesrc mme ai b c us hsobe tonwa i ufkinl ce ra dpe ie)
gitae ud ' e o nd ton e a e i jci s ns t e ty la n rcs .
.

Thus t scl m m us be s mar l deni .
, hi ai
t um
iy
ed
Cl m 45:Vi aton oft Due Pr s Cl
ai
ol i
he
oces ause i regar t gover ent sf l of
n
d o
nm ' aiure
producton and di osureofm at alevi
i
scl
eri
dence ats enci i udi pr ent i
ent ng, ncl ng es aton
ofm at aly i
eri l ncom pl e orf sei orm aton . . .
et
al nf
i
Thi cl m i ver si iart Cl m 44. I Cl m 45,M ova cont
s ai s y m l o ai
n ai
nt endst t Gover
hat he
nmentkne
w

about hi efors t accept r ponsbiiy f hi actons pror t r ent ng and pr ded f s ,
s f t o
es i lt or s i
i o es enci
ovi
ale
i
ncom pl e,and mi eadi i or a i t t Cour concem i M ovantsf l e t a
et
sl ng nf m ton o he
t
ng
' aiur o cceptr ponsbiiy.
es i lt

Judge Br
own r
ecomm e s mar de aloft scl m becaus M ovantf l t i ntf whatsepshe
nds um y ni
hi ai
e
ais o de iy
t
t t d ac i r ponsi lt and how t pr ecuton w asawar oft e ef ors. Fort r ons
ook owar ceptng es
biiy
he os i
e hes f t
he eas

s f ta
et orh bove i r ponset Cl m 44, Cl m 45 i al deni
n es
o ai
ai
s so
ed.
c.Faiur t Gi ProperJury Ins r i cl m 10
l e o ve
t ucton- ai

l or rfraprsne t o ti h besrle i c le i ajr i tu ton,heprs n rmus
n de o io r o ban a a eif n halngng uy nsrci t io e t
s
how t She aii i tuc i by is fs i ect t entr t i t t r uli convi i vi a es
hat d
t lng ns r ton
t el o nf ed he ie ral hat he es tng
cton olt
due pr ess notmer y t t i t uc i i undesiabl , er one ,or even uni saly conde ned.'
oc
el hat he ns r ton s
r e r ous
ver l
m
'
Frad 456 U . a 169. l Cl m 1 M ovantalegest t i tuc i gi wih r pectt Count 2
y,
S. t
n ai 0,
l
hat he nsr ton ven t es
o
s

a 3 41 wa i o r b c u e i f ie t s fi e ty die tt j r s do f u o wh t r t
nd 4s mpr pe e a s t ald o u fcin l r c he u or ç oc s n ehe he
t
de endants pur e i conductng t tansa i was t conceal s a ut iy peri
f
'
pos n
i he r cton
o
t t orl
tnent aspec s of t
t
he
pr eeds r hert on t ef ec i or i ended conceal
oc , at han
he f tve nt
menti t us ofa mode oftans i , (n
n he e
r actng a d

tus t ej y wa mild a t t e c u ilee nt rgadig mo y lun rn c r e ' The Cour
h ) h ur s se s o h r ca lme s e r n ne a de ig ha g s '
t
.

35

gave t f l i i tucton as t t m oney l
he olow ng nsr i
o he
aunde ng count , whi M ovant f l t i iy i hi
ri
s
ch
ais o dentf n s
M oton paper
i
s:

The Def
endantcan be f
ound guit of t t ofens onl i al oft f l ng f t a e pr
ly
ha f e y f l he olowi acs r oved
be
yond a r onabl doubt
eas
e
:
Fis :Tha t Def
rt
t he endantknowi y conduct ate pt t conduct orcaus t be conduc ed
ngl
ed, tm ed o
ed o
t
,
aSi
s nanci tans i 'asher aferdefned;
f
al r acton'
e t
i

S c n : a teDee d n k e ta tef n so po et iv le i tefn n ilrn ato
e o d Th t h fn a t n w h t h u d r rj r n ov d n h ia ca ta scin
y
r es ed t pr
epr ent he oceedsofsom ef m ofunlw f a i t
or
a ul ctvly;

Thid:Thatt f
r
he unds or pr ry i ved i t fna altansac i di i f r pr e t
ope t nvol n he i nci r
ton d n act e es nt he
pr
oceedsofçspecii unlw f ac i t '- i t scas t pr dsofna cotcstaf iki and
l fed a ul tviy' n hi e he ocee
r i r fc ng;
Fourt Thatt Def
h:
he endantengaged i t fnanci tansac i knowi t t tans i was
n he i
al r
ton
ng hat he r acton
desgned i whol or i pa tt conc or di s t na ur l ton, s ce,owner p or
i
n
e
n r o
eal
sguie he t e, oca i our
shi
contoloft pr
r
he oceedsofs unspecii unl ulac i t
uch
fed awf tviy.

( 22 a 25 .
DE 98 t )

Th f urh po ton o t isr cin ce ry i tu t t j y t tt De e da mu tha e
e o t ri f he n tu to lal nsr cs he ur ha he f n nt s v
engaged i t t a acton knowi t ti was desgned t concealt pr
n he r ns i
ng ha t
i
o
he oceedsofnar otcstafi ki .
c i r fc ng

l e d, h i tu to ta kst lng g o t e saue- 18U. C. 1 6() l( () M o n f ist
nd e t e nsr c in rc he a ua e f h tt t
S. j 95 a( )B)i. va t al o
adequat y alege how t i tuc i gi by t Cour i contar t t Supr e Courts deci on i
el l
he ns r ton ven
he
ts
r y o he
em
'
si n

Cu lar Mo n as f lt ofra atr tv j yisr to Ac odigl t scli i smmaiy
el . va t lo ais o fe n lenaie ur ntucin. c r n y,hi am s u rl
deni
ed.
d.Ri ofM ovantt Tes iy on hi ow n Behal- ai 34
ght
o tf
s
fcl m
Cl m 34: Vi aton of t def
ai
ol i
he endants ri t an i
' ght o
ndependent eval i of t
uaton
he
exercie of Fit A m endm ents rght regar ng t stm ony i hi own behal.
s
fh
' i s
di e i
n s
f
Fundam ent error re t f
al
suled rom t conductng of an i ri voi die of t
he
i
n-t al r r
he
m ovant regar ng hi pot i t tm ony where t resul of t coloquy w as
di
s ental es i
he
t
he l
am bi
guous, but appear t preem pt f her consderaton of whe
ed o
urt
i
i
ther t
he
def
endant woul t tf and w here a f r r ng of t coloquy showed t t
d es iy,
ai eadi
he l
hat he
def
endantw as atem ptng t s at t he had not res ved w he her t t stf and
t
i o t e hat
ol
t
o e iy
underw hatcondii
tons.
J
udge Br
own r
ecommends t t t Cour s mar l deny t s cl m bec e M ovant f l t
ha he
t um
iy
hi ai
aus
ais o

i iy t pori oft r d t he r er t i t scl m . Judge Br
dentf he ton he ecor hat ef s o n hi ai
own f t r comm endsdeni
urher e
al
36

be e M ovantdoesnotafimatvel sa e t the woul ha t tfed atti . However i hi Repl
caus
fr i y tt ha
d ve es ii
ral
,n s
y
bref M ovant pr des r cor cia i t t coloquy r ered t i t cl m whi t Courthas
i ,
ovi
e d t tons o he l
ef r o n he ai ,
ch he

c nsd r d. ( 28a 4546 . Th Cou twilde y t scam f rt r a on . Fis,M o ntd sno
o ie e DE t - 1 e r l n hi li o wo e s s rt va oe t
s a e i hi M oton t Vaca e t t he woul have t tfed a ti . The onl afimatve sat
tt n s
i o
t ha
d
esii t ral
y fr i t ementby

r

)

l

:
.

M ov n i i hi a fda i (ç e i D7 ,whih,a s tf rh a ov ,t e Co tha rj ce a uni l
a t s n s fi vt ç ndx > c s e o t b e h ur s ee t d s tmey
App
)
I

l

)
t
@
.

5
j

(
è

a dpeu ca.Se o ,i ra ngt c lqu a awhol,ticla ta Mo n un rtodhi rgh t
n rj diil c nd n e di he olo y s
e i s e r h t va t deso s i to

ttytteadcsdi icustogothtaadt cnirise ehdi
ei,ahhdius t t onehuhut rln h osetnhwie n
sf h
s e wh lr
e i, e dao g
ra hig te uli t de ii no t t siy. ( 25 a 1 28 8 ) Hi sae n r te t a k owig,
e c n h tmae cson t o e tf DE 32 t 6 0- 4 . s t tme t el cs n n

(
t

v lnay a it lgentw ai r Att tpoit a f terCour i iy woul have iappr prael
ou tr, nd neli
ve .
ha n , ny urh
t nqu r
d
n o it y

'
j
(

dit bed t a t ne clentr a i hi Unie St esv. V de Wak r 1 F.d 1 51 1 2 ( l#Ci.
sur
he tor y- i eltons p. td at
t
an
le , 41 3 4 , 45 1 t r

g
t
,

1 98 . M o e ve,t t e t n t scam i o f i fe tv a ssa eofc ns l M ov n do sno
9 ) r o r o he x e t hi li s ne or nef cie s itnc
ou e, a t e t

'

de srt peu c muc ls araon bl pr a lt t tt tilrs t wo dha be ndifrn
montae rj die h es e s a e ob biiy ha he ra euls ul ve e fee t

:

)
(

butf couns ' ale de i entperor ance.Thus t Cour deni t scl m .
or
els lged fci
fm
, he
t es hi ai

(
.

e CumuaieTra Er o - am 2
.
ltv il r rcli 2

)

)

M ovantcont
endst t Cour com m itd er ori t i m i i e hear y was i r
hat he
t
te r n hat mper ssbl
sa
ntoduced as

7
1

'
(

t te4 rn i la dov rrhigc ag o t i cme t- o tu to of utc tr ghj r brb r '
o h t icpa n eac n h re f he ndit n bsrcin j sie hou uy iey.
p
'

q

M ovant f t cont
urher
ends t t e wer ç uli e ti and i ct
hat her
e G tpl ral
m
ndi ment eror ' whi cr t d a
r s,' ch ea e

)

tf da nal unarfa wokfrj r e l to o teo tu to a ot rc re . l hi Re l
lun me tly fi rme r o uy vauain f h bsrcin nd he hag s' n s py
'

)

bref M ovantmai ai t t a i i oft hear ay sat ent wih r pe t Count8 tefeced a
i,
nt ns hat he dm sson he
s t em s t es ct o
çf t

'
)

s ilve ofpeudiet tprcude tej y' fi e al to o tee trt ofteobsnlto c ag s a
plo r rj c ha e l d h ur s ar v uain f h niey h t cin h re , s

y

we la a ii a c a g s ... M ov n f t ra r ta t th hi y c r d na e o t e i o r
l s ddton l h r e
' a t urhe ve s h t s l e ghl hage mr f h mpr pe
'
g

è

M o h a s y e d nc atiu ig t ( a )a ivove nti brbi j o st obai a f v a e
ya e ra vie e trb tn o Mov nt n n l me n i ng ur r o t n a orbl

y

ve dit i hi pr ous crmi cas and t si l iy of t evi nce wih r pe t t r ni
r c n s evi
i nal e,
he miart
he de
t es ct o he emai ng

)
'
?

obsr i and ot c gesr tng on brbel aswel a r at atem pt t m a pult and e
tucton
her har esi
i y
l s el ed t s o ni ae
vade cour
t

)
L
C

po e ss g vers t as tni Ik ioo ofjr tita a c nsq n eoft i rpe Mo
rc se, a ie o ubsa tal ielh d uor an s o e ue c
he mpo r ya

)

37

t

;

i
.

)

l

)

)

;

è

l

I

e de c . g 28a 31 .J dg Br r c mme st a t Co td n Cli 22b c us Mova f l
vi n e' DE t ) u e own e o nd h t he ur e y am
'
ea e
nt ais

t pr derc dci tonsf hi c aatrz tonofteobsr tono j tc trug j r b i r c r
o ovi e or t i or s h rceiai
a
h tuci f usie ho h uy rbey hage

(

as t Sprnci and ove ar ng char oft i ct ent'and f l t i iy t l uli e ti and
he d i pal
r chi
ge he ndi m '
ais o dentf he t tpl ral
m

?

i
ndit
c menteror 'ort speciy how t r a e t eac pari archar . The Courta fr s a adopt
r s' o
f
hey elt o h tcul
ge
f im nd
s

)
)

J
udge Br
own' r omm enda i t deny t scl m beca i i vague, concl y,and l
s ec
ton o
hi ai
use t s
usor
acksciatonst
ti o

(
!
.
)
E

.

t rc dt s p ttec tnto ma byMo n Furter t e Cour alo de este cli f t
he eor o up or h one ins de
va t
h ,h
t s ni h am or he
.

.

'

j
!

s ees siueaoene ostCa 2.
a r o dcsdbvirpneo lm 7
m an s s
s
i
I CERTI
I.
FICATE OF APPEALABILI
TY

j
1

/
.

.

)
(

'
l
E
è
;

;

j
.

Fi l t Cour wildeny is
naly, he
t l
s uance ofa cerii t ofa
tfcae ppeal lt ast t cl ms a ess i
abiiy o he ai ddr ed n

7

t s Or r. I or t obt n a cerii t ofappe abiiy,M ovantm us m a $a subsantals
hi de n der o ai
tfca e ''' al lt
t ke ç
t i howi of
ng
''

:

:
.
'
'

t e d nilo a c siui a rgh . 28 U. C.j 2 ( )2) Thi sa r i stsi d i M o nt
h e a f on tt ton l i t'
'
S.
253 c( . s tndad s aife f va
h
d mo tae (ç haj it ofraonc ddia rewiht dititc ur!srs lto ofhi c nsiuina
e nsrts;t turss e s oul sge t he src o t e ouin s o ttto l

l

$
'
'

cl ms or t
ai
h

a j it c d c ncu te ise pee td ae a q t t deev e oua e n t
t urss oul o lde h su s rsne ' de uae o sre nc rg me t o
r

y
)

(
:

po e df t r' Jo e v Se rt y,60 F.d 1 46 1 49( 1hCi. 0 ( oainomitd)s eLot
rc e urhe. n s . c eal 7 3 3 , 3 1t r201) qu tto
'
te ; e t
v Ator y Ge ,5 4 F. 1 96 1 01( lh Ci.201 ) He e t Co tmus de te c riiae o
. t ne n. 9 3d 2 , 3 1 t r 0 . r , he ur t ny h e tfc t f
appeal lt asM ovanthasnotmett ssandar
abiiy
hi t
d.

)

t

'
E

;

11 .CONCLUSION
1
The Cour w ilaf im a adoptt R& R,i par,and deny t cl m sf t r onss tf t
t l fr nd
he
n t
he ai or he eas
e orh
above.Accor ngl upon r ew,i i
di y,
evi t s

i

?
.

(

ORDERED t t
ha

y
è
.

( ) Th Co t AFFI S a d ADOPTS, i par, J
1 e ur
RM n
n
t udge Br
own' fndi of f t a
s i ng
ac s nd

'
)
q
:
f
'

.

:

rc
e omme ai t d n t ecamsstf t a ve ( 39 .
nd ton o e y h li e orh bo . DE 1

)

( )Fo ter a o s tf rha ve Cli 9 1 1 l ,1 1 22 23 2 25, ,2 29 3 3
2 r h e s ns e o t bo , ams , 0, 2, 6 7, 9, , , 4, 27 8, , 2, 4,

:

35, 37 38 4 42, 44, nd45oft eHa a Peii ( 1 aeDENI a Cli 8a 3 o te
, , 0, 43, a
h be s tton DE ) r
ED nd ams nd 6 f h

)

Peii aeDENI I PART. DE 1.
tton r
ED N
( 1

è
ï
3
8

L
.

t

t
.

t
.

j
'

(
.
l

( )Cli 36 d aig wih e l i o e de e s e ii al pa t a e i REFERRED BACK t
3 am
e ln t xcuson f vi nc , p cfc ly rs - , s
o
J
udge Br
own f an addii
or
tonalRepor and Recomm endaton afer consder i of t r d cia i
t
i
t
i aton
he ecor ttons

p o d d i M o a ' Re yBre,( 28a 5 1
r vie n v nts pl if DE t 8 .
( Pu s n t Rul 11oft eRulsGov r n Se ton225 Ca e ,ac rii aeo a e lblt
4) rua t o e
h e
e nig ci
4 s s e tfc t f pp aa ii
y
i DENI ast Cl m s9,1 1 16,1 l9,22,23,24,25,27,28,29,32,34,35,37,38,40,42,43, 44,
s
ED o ai
0, 2,
7,
a 45 and ast t pori ofCl ms 8and 36 r ed on her 'n
nd
o he ton
ai
ul
ei

/
Z

D N ad R EE iMi ,li,h / dyo
O E n O D R D n a Fod ti / a f
mi ra s
v

PATRI A A .SEI Z
UNI
TED STATES DI
STRI J
CT

CC*

Honor e St
abl ephen T.Br
own
Couns ofRecor
el
d

3
9

,02
21.
*

GE