Batchelor-Robjohns et al v. United States of America

Filing 95

JUDGMENT in favor of Anne (Sandy) Batchelor-Robjohns, Daniel J. Ferraresi, Patrick O'Neill against United States of America, FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW Signed by Chief Judge Federico A. Moreno on 11/13/2013. (bnt)

UNI
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT FOR THE
CT
SOUTHERN DI
STRI OF FLORI
CT
DA
M i m iDi s on
a
vi i
Ca Num be 12se
r: 20038- V- ORENO
CI M
ANNE BATCHELORROBJ
OHNS,DANI J
EL .
FERRARESIa FATHER PATRI O' LL
nd
CK NEI
asCo- r onalRe e e atvesoft ESTATE
pe s
pr s nt i
he
OF GEORGE BATCHELOR,
Pl i if ,
antfs
VS.

UNI
TED STATES OF AM ER I ,
CA
D e e nt
f nda .

FI NG S OF FACT AND CONCLUSI NS O F LAW
NDI
O

TheCour he e,a t abe h ti ,r s veswhe he t Esa eofGe geE. Ba hel
t r fer nc ral e ol
t r he t t
or
c or

(theEsae'ma beenildt arf ndofpa nt madebyt Esaet t l ena Re
C
t tt') y
tte o e u
yme s
he tt o he ntr l venue
Se vc (1RS'.TheCo tc ude ,purua tt Rul 5 oft Fe r Rul ofCi l
r ie $ '
I )
ur oncl s s n o e 2 he deal e
vi
Pr e e,ha t I e r ne l dee mi dt tM r Ba c orf ie t r por $5. milo i
oc dur t t he RS ro ousy tr ne ha . t hel a ld o e t 8 li n n
i om e on hi pe s lt x r t n f 2000, a t c lnge t tt Unie Stt ma st
nc
s r ona a e ur or
nd he hale s ha he t d a es ke o

t srf cam aebar byr sj c a. Fe R. v. 5 TheEsat i t rbye ild
hi eund li r red e udiat See d. Ci P. 2.
t e s he e ntte
t t r fmd oft xesi r e ty a s s d ag ns i f 2000, wih no ofs t , t t a ton of
o he e t
a nco r c l s es e ai t t or
t
f e s wih he ddii
i e e tfom t da et Esae pa dt as e s e suntlt da et Unied St t sr pa t
nt r s r he t he t t i he s s m nt i he t he t
a e e ys he
Esat
t e.

1
.

Fact Bac ound
ual kgr

Thef l ng pa a a s tf rh t f t fndi t Cour ha ma ba e on
olowi
r gr phs e o t he acual
ngs he
t s de s d

e i e c ito u e a til n t ej itsiuainso fc s t o t byt p ris Atheo te,
v d n e n r d c d tra a d h on tp lto f a t e f rh he a t . t u st
e
t Cour no e t tt pa tesha si aedt mos o t f c ua r co d.
he
t t s ha he ri ve tpul t o
t f he a t l e r
At s uei hi c ea et a tonsa pr pe t ofGe geE. Bac l , e i ntofM im i
is nt s as r he ci nd o ry
or
theor ar sde
a Da Count Fl rda who di d on J y 29, 200 The Esa e ofGeo g E.Bae ori unde
de
y, o i ,
e
ul
2.
tt
re
t hel s
r

a i sr ton i t Pr t Di sonoft Cic tCour i a f M i miDa Co y, Fl i
dm nita i n he oba e vi i
he r ui
tn nd or a - de unt orda.

PlitfsAn e( n y Bac eo - b o n , nil . e rr s, ndF t e Parc O' i aete
anif n Sa d ) th lrRo j h s Da e J F rae ia ah r tik Ne1 r h
1
C Pe S 1 r pr s a i s of t Es a e of G e ge Ba c or M r Ba c or w a t s e
O- r Ona e e ent tve
he t t
or
t hel .
. t hel
s he ol

s r hol rofl e na i Ai Leas s a a ai n c
ha e de
nt r tonal r
e , n vi to ompa t tbought s d,a l s ar r f
ny ha
nd ea ed ic a t
, ol
a aic a te nes t i Fe u r 1 1 , whe he r lnquihe alofhi s r hol ngs i
nd r r f ngi , mtl br a y 0, 999
n
ei s d l
s ha e di
n
l e nai nalAi Le est I e na i lAi Le s s ofPue t Ri f rt t alc i r ton of
ntr to
r as o nt r tona r a e
ro co o he ot onsde a i

$502, 816 .nc ude i hec i r tonwasaNot fo I e a i l rLe s ofPueroRio
1 ,41 I l d nt onsde a i
e r m nt m tona Ai a es
t c

f $1 000,00, c pr de f a i e es r t of7% .
or 50, 0 whih ovi d or n ntr t ae
The i s i t sca e c e nt Pr i s yN ot . W ihi t No e,hepa tese e e i o
s ues n hi s onc r he om s or
e t n he t t
ri nt r d nt

an Opton As e Pur ha eAg ee t xe ut i co c i wih a Amende St k Pur ha e
i
s t c s r men --e c ed n nne ton t n
d oc
c s
Agr e ntonFe u r 1 1 - wher i I e na i lAi Le s sofPue t Rio a e d t tM r
e me
br a y 0, 999
en nt r tona r a e
ro c gr e ha .
Ba c or w oul ha a opton t pur has t o I e a i
t hel
d ve n
i o
c e w nt m tonal Ai Le e a r r f s t e of
r ms s i c a t , hr e

Itr ai n l r a e 'on v nu e ,ndeg tnen to a Ai l s s n i e . d rheOp in
n en to a AiLe s sj it e tr sa ih ltr ain l r xa e e g n sUn e t to
Ag e me ,M r Bacheorwoul c e tt ba a e o
r e nt . t l
d r di he lnc wed o t Not a ns t pa te ag ee
n he e gai t he ris' r dupon vaueofea h a s tM r Ba c orde d t buy.
l
c s e . t hel dde o

2-

-

Bewe n Fe ua y 1 1 a Augus 28,2000,M r Ba c orwa pa d at a of
t e br r 0, 999 nd
t
. t hel
s i ot l

$1 846, 1 wih mone c edisf ie her e ve ort Opton As e s alofwhi h he
55, 1 6 t
y, r t or t ms ec i d, he i
s t, 1
c
c e t d a ns t Not M r Ba c l r c ve $1 , 65, i 1 a $ 680, i
r die gai t he e. . t he or e ei d 31 1 733 n 999 nd 24, 383 n
2000.Her pore t e iea ountr eve i 1 on t I t lme Sae f m ofhi 1
e td he ntr m
ec i d n 999 he nsa l nt l or
s 999
tx r t n,a di notr por a oft i
a eur nd d
e t ny he ncomeasi e es.Thee ie 1 a ntwa t
nt r t
ntr 999 mou
s hus

txe a t c pialgansr t Her pored t $ 2 680, r ei d i 2000 a t t sof
a d t he a t i a e. e t he 4, 383 ec ve n
s wo ype

i omeonhi 2000rt n:$18, 4, asi tlme s esi
nc
s
eur
83 267 nsal nt al ncome,rae asca tlgai
te td
pia ns
i ome, nd $5,46, 1 asi e e ti om eon hi Sc dul B,t d a or na y i om er t . n
nc
a
8 1 6 ntr s nc
s he e axe t di r nc
aes I
2
000, heUnie St t a M r Bache o frtltga e t is e ofhow muc t l er tona
t
td aes nd . t l r is ii t d he s u
h he nt nai l
Ai Le s ssoc a as e swe eworh a how m u M r Bathel r e v fom t s l i
r a e t k nd s t r
t nd
ch . c or ec i ed r he ae n
or rt de e mi whet rM r Ba c l wasata f r e a labl f I e na i Ai
de o t r ne
he . t heor
r ns e e nd i e or nt r tonal r

Le e unpad txes SeeUnie St e v Bathel - j ns No.03- 64- v- r ( D.
ass' i a .
td ats . c orRoboh ,
201 Ci Unga o S.
F1 )( c l J. s ltgae wa t v ueoft OptonAset,whih weeta fredt
a. Batheor ) Alo ii td s he al
he i
s s c r rnser o

M r Bac eo a p ril y n frt eNoei 1 9 . u eUn a oe trdafn l u g n o
. th lr s a t pa me t o h t n 9 9 J dg g r ne e i a j d me t n
a
temeisi s mmayj d me t
h rt n u r u g n .
I t m i tofBathe or1 t 1 alo e m i d M r Bathel ' pe s ltx r t ns
n he ds
c l , he RS s xa ne
. c ors r ona a e ur
f 1 a 2000. I as t Esae t pr de e de eofal pa m e sm a ng up t
or 999 nd
The RS ked he t t o ovi vi nc
l y nt ki
he

$50 m ilon i i om er pored on t I tlm e Sa ef r soft et ye s TheEsae
2 li n nc
e t
he nsa l nt l o m
hos wo ar .
tt
pr de mor t n 1 pa , tt i t a e m e s t c cksa wieta f r , il
ovi d
e ha 000 ges consiutng he gr e nt, he he
nd r r ns e s tte
ta f r ,ba r c ds a i e a memos Thedocume pa kagea s i l d t Pr is y
r nse s nk e or , nd ntm l
.
nt c
lo ncude he om s or
N ot a t Se te e A g ee e r l tng t t t a a ton, e i Apr l2000. l t
e nd he tl m nt r m nt e a i o he r ns c i dat d n
i
A l he

pa
ymen i or ton pr de a
t nf ma i ovi d dded u t $508 milon.Thel t n c
po
li
RS he ompa e t t a
r d he ot l

-

3-

i
ncomer eve t t i t lmen s l i om er pored,mit nl f lng t r cog z t t
ec i d o he nsa l t ae nc
e t
sake y aii o e nie ha
s
omeoft i om ewa r pored a i e e t whih i t lm e s er l sr quiet ber pore
he nc
s e t s ntr s, c nsal nt al u e e r o
e td
on Sc dul B oft r t n r t rt n o t I t lme Sae f nn. eLe c v C. R. 53
he e
he e ur ahe ha n he nsa l nt l o Se r h . L ,

T. M .11 ( C.1 7)( nrpori i tlme slsofpr ry, txpa erus Sc
C. 01 T. 98 whe e tng nsal nt ae
ope t a a y es hedul
e
B t rpo ti e eti
o e r ntr s ncome .
)
Asar s toft e r ousy pe c ve dif r ncei i omer pored,t I de de
e ul he rone l r ei d fe e
n nc
e t he RS ci d

t $5. milon r c i d i 2000wasnotr pore on t 2000 r t n.The l upwa dl
hat 8 li e e ve n
e td he
e ur
RS
ry

a j se Mr Bac eo ' r p re ic meb t a a u t a dn i t t ei tlme ts l f r
d u td . th lrs e o td n o y h t mo n , d ig t o h nsal n ae o m,
a t xe i a c pia g nsr t , s s i a a tona $58 637, usi er s . Esa et
nd a d t t a t l ai aes as e sng n ddii l 4, pl nt e t The tt hen
poi e t l S t Sc
nt d he R o hedul B oft 2000 r t ' , he e t am ountwasr po t d a i e es
e
he
e ul w r he
n
e r e s nt r t

i c me Th I u t tl rj ce t i e pln to , ttn ta i h di uf in d c me tr
n o . e RS li ey ee td h s x a ain saig h t t a ns fce t o u na y
ma
evi nc oft pa
de e he yment.TheEsaepad t a s s m e a e e e t a al pr es wih
s
t t i he s e s nt nd ntr d he ppe s oc s t
t I Tha wa uns e s ul a t Esa e s d f r f nd.
he RS. t s ucc s f , nd he tt ue or e u
I t sc e,t Gove n e hass i a e t tt a ountr c ve by t Esat i 2000
n hi as he
r m nt
tpul t d ha he m
e ei d
he t e n
w a i ed r t d, i c es sw he hert Es a e i e il d t a r fm d.Is t r i t s
s nde epore but t ont t
t he t t s ntt e o e t
t heo y n hi

aci n i t ti ma ofs ta r c c ai ofM r Ba c ors 1 t xesa i tanyr undt ti
to s ha t y f e e alul ton
. t hel ' 999 a
gans
ef
ha s
duef iser ous2000t x ye ra s s nt Ac or ngt t Gove mne ,i s d be
or t rone
a a s es me . c di o he
r nt t houl

pe te t tea a l s $7. m ilon oft $1 8 11 pad on t $1 m ilon dola Not
nuit d o r t t ea t 6 li
he 55,46, 6 i
he 50 li
lr e
a i e e t wih $6. m ilon oft r pore i 1
s ntr s, t 4 li
hat e td n 999.
The Gove n ents a s ri n abouti e es r t o a ltga i poston t tM r Ba c o
r m ' s e to
nt r t es s n ii ton ii ha
. t hel r
t w he di put ar e w ih Ant
ook
n s es os t
hony Tir ,t m a who, hr
r i he n
t ough hi co pa l t r tonal
s m ny n e na i
A i Le esofPue t Ri o,boughtI e na i na A i Lea e i Fe ua y 1
r as
ro c
nt r to l r s s n br r 999. r Ba che or
M . t l

cai a br a h oft tr soft i s ea ee ntam os i e ael a trcosng,cai ng
l med e c
he e m
her al gr me l t mm di t y fe l i l mi
t tFe a y r nthad notbe pad. co i
ha bnzr e
en i He ntnuedt as e t ea hesa M r Tir c i d t
o s r br c
nd . ri ontnue o
de t m on aco t ntbassfom Aprl1 t Aprl2000.Eve ua l M r Bac orpurue
ny he
nsa
i r
i 999 o
i
nt ly, . thel
s d
lgalr me e ,s ki t ha hi wholy owne c
e e dis ee ng o ve s
l
d ompa Gr Buidi Cor ,e c
ny, and l ng p. vi t
I e na ina Ai Lea esfom t buidi i l a e bas d on aleg br a
nt r to l r s r he l ng t e s d e
l ed e chesoft las t
he e e, he
Not a t s cu iy a ee nt r a i t cola e alf t Not .
e, nd he e rt gr me s eltng o lt r or he e
l J 1
n une 999,M r Bacheorde a ed t tde a ti e es wa due. Not pr de f
. t l clr ha f ul nt r t s
The e ovi d or
i e es a t r t of1 ort hi hes r t a l d b lw i t e ntofadef ul.M r Ti
ntr t t he a e 8%
he g t ae lowe y a n he ve
a t . ni
wasa s d t ti e e ta c ue a 25% , hehi hes r t al
dvie ha ntr s c r d t
t
g t ae lowed b Fl i l w,a t t
y orda a nd hat he
baa eofprnc pa o t Not wa a ceer t l addii i Nove be 1
lnc
i i l n he e s c l aed. n
ton, n
m r 999,M r Ba hel
. c or
de ande t tM r- ir m o I t r tonalA i Le esoutoft buidi a t thi opton t
m
d ha
.-r i ve n e na i
l
r as
he l ng nd ha s i o

buyt buidi ha be n c nc e l e a i lAi Le s sdi notm oveout di notpa of
he l ng d e a eld. nt m tona r a e d
, d
y f
t a e e aed baa ,s ntalte and c c t ty t exe c s isopton a diputd t
he cc l r t
lnce e
e tr
he k o l o r ie t i nd s e he
a i a i ofdef ul i e e t W he Gr Buidi s t e c I er tonalAi Le es
pplc ton
a t nt r s .
n and l ng ued o vi t nt na i
r as ,
l e na i lAi Lea esc e cl me Amongisc
nt r tona r s ountr ai d.
t ompli sa de e eswe e c
ant nd f ns
r ompl i s
ant

a o tlc o q it n o me tt riusitree c , n t e t rmiu eo ta es ces
b u a k f ue e j y n ,o to n efr n e a d h f o s s f r d e rt.
I Fe ua y 2000,t Not baanc wa dueon iso i naltr .l wa notpa d,butM r
n br r
he e l e s
t rgi e ms t s
i
.
Ti a ked f rc l ultons M r Bac orsfna a ofi e pr pa e a s dul a yi
ni s
o a c a i . . thel '
ncil fc r e r d che e ppl ng
pa nt t a c u i e es fr t t n r duc ngt balnc a pr de i t Not I
yme s o c r ed ntr t is, he e i he a e s ovi d n he e. n
a c d e w ih M r Ba c l r sltga i n poston, he tnanc alof i ra r d i e es a 7
c or anc t
. t he o ' ii to
ii t i
i fce cc ue nt r t t %
f om Febrz r 1 1 t J 1 1 a t n a r d i e es at25% f om J 1 t t
r
ta y 0, 999 o une 8, 999 nd he cc ue nt r t
r
une 8 o he

dae oft lter Thes he es
t he e t .
c dul howedt tmor t n $1 m ilon wa silowe on t baanc
ha
e ha 2 li
s tl
d he l e.

-

5-

M r Tir i t a as e td t tt pa te we e $8 milon a t Thepari r c as tlm e
. ri nse d s re ha he ri s r
li pm'
.
tes ea hed e te nt
pro t t i ti dae i Aprl2000. r Ba c l ,M r Tir, l e na i na Ai Lea e of
i r o he r ral t n
i
M . t he or . ri and nt r to l r s s
Pue t Rio we epa test t s tl nta ton,whih s tl a le si cli sofbr a h by
ro c
r ri o he eteme c i
c e ted 1 xitng am
ec
et rpa t a r ol t diput sa
ihe ry nd es ved he s e boutt a ountdueundert Not .Ra he t n s ti
he m
he e t r ha e tng

t amountd ()a $1 milon,asM r Bac lrhadde nde unde a25% i ees r t,(
he
ue a t 2 li
. theo
ma d
r
ntr t ae b)
a $8 milon, c woul bea
t
li whih
d boutt rghtprnc pa amounti 7% i e es ha be n ac r e
he i
i i l
f nt r t d e c u d

durngt lf oft Not or( a $ milon, chMr Ti rprs nt wa dueba e onhi
i he ie he e, c) t 4 li whi
. ni e e e ed s
sd
s
cl m t t pari we e $8m ilon a r t pa te c
ai hat he tes r
li pa q he ris ompr s d and a ee t s tl a1
omie
gr d o e te 1

dipu e f raSe te e Amountof$9. m ilo Onc t Seteme Am ounta 7% a r d
s ts o
tlm nt
9 li n. e he tl nt
nd
cc ue
i e e tfom t dae ofs te
nt r s r he t
etl mentuntlt dae ofpa ntwaspai M r Ba c l rde m e t
i he t
yme
d, . t he o e d he
Not s tsi d a r e e a1 colatr .
e ai fe nd elas d 1 l e al

I . St
I
andar ofR e e and Bur n ofPr
d
vi w
de
oof

TheCour m us dee mi t val and c r t roft ie si diput denov a
t t tr ne he ue
ha ace
he t m n s e
o, nd
net rt Cour nort Gove nm e i bound by t posto t l t a t a i sr tve
ihe he
t
he
r nt s
he ii ns he RS ook t he dm nita i

lve. e eg.R. Di zCor v Unie St e , F. 1, ( Ci.1 ) Rub ti v.
e lSe , . , E. et p. . td ats 939 2d 4 2d r 991. ensen
,
Unie ats 8 F.Su 448,453( D. a.1 3)
tdst es 26
pp.
S. Fl 99 .
Asa t e hol m at r t Cou tfndst t Unie St t be st bu den ofpr ng
hr s d te , he
r i hat he td aes ar he r
ovi

ta t eEsaeo stetx si q eto Ti e2 U. C. 7 s it teb r e o p o ft t e
h t h tt we h a e n u sin. t 6 S. j 491 h fs h u d n f r o o h
l
govenme i t t xpa ri r escr di ee denc on a f c r eva t t detr i ton
r nt f he a ye ntoduc
e bl vi e
ny a t el nt o he e m na i
a i t t xpay c
nd f he a
er oope a e w ih r s bl r que t f i onna i docu e s and
r t d t ea ona e e s s or nf
ton,
m nt ,

me i fom t I Se 26U. C.j7491 TheEsat hasi r e cedi ee de e
etngs r he RS. e
S.
.
te
ntoduc d r bl vi nc
-

6-

de
monsr tng t ti o r i istxe f rt 2000 t x ye r M or ove , heEsae ha
ta i ha t vepad t a s o he
a a.
e rt
tt s

de
monsr t d t ti c
ta e ha t oope a e wih a 1r a ona er quessf doc e s i or ton,
r t d t 1 e s bl e t or um nt , nf ma i and

meei byt I Se 26C. R.j16001 1.
tngs he RS. e
F.
. -

11
1.

A nal i
ys s

TheCou the er ol st r i ng CountofPl ntf' Co pl nt CountI, e r ng
r r es ve he ema ni
ai ifs m ai ,
I r ga di
t Esa e' e il ntt ar u ofpay e sm a by t Esa ewhe t I e r ne l
he tt s ntteme o ef nd
m nt de he t t
n he RS r o ousy
a s s d M r Bathel ' pe s na t x r t r f 2000.Thepa teshavesi a e t M r
s es e
. c ors r o l a e u n or
ri
tpul t d hat .

Bathel r poredt ali omer eve i t ye r2000 i col e ton wih t 1 tans to
c or e t ot nc
ec i d n he a
n m ci
t he AL r aci n
a t Not .Theba i oft sc e ti t Gover ntscli t i c n ofs ar a c a i
nd he e
ss hi ont s s he
mne ' am hat t a fet ec l ulton
ofM r Ba c ors1 t xesa ns a 2000 r f nd t ti due.TheUnie Stt pr e
. t hel ' 999 a
gai t ny
e u ha s
t d a es opos s
t a ofs tagans t ye r2000 r u s d b a ia eduet am ic r trz ton of
hat n f e
i t he a
ef nd houl e va lbl
o
s ha ace ia i
i ome o M r Ba heors 1 r t n.l 1
nc
n . c l ' 999 eur n 999, r Ba hel r pore t i
M . c or e td he ncomei que ton a
n si s
c pia gansi ome o hi r t n' I t lme Sal f a apori s d havebe te t d
a t l i nc
n s eur s nsal nt e onn nd
ton houl
en r a e
a i e e ta txe a or nar i ome.Howe r t Cour fndst tt docrneofr s
s ntr s nd a d s di y nc
ve , he
t i ha he ti
e

judi aditt t tt Gove nti e t
cat caes ha he
nune s soppedfom ofs tngarcac ai ofM r
r
feti e lulton
.
Bac ors 1 t xesag ns an r und t ti due.Be a et l e na i lAi Le s s l
thel ' 999 a
ai t y ef
ha s
c us he ntr tona r a es ae
ta a ton wa ltga e i t Esat sf vori Bathel 1 t Unie St esi f e l e by
r ns c i
s ii t d n he t e' a
n c or , he td at s or cos d

r s c a fom r -ii tngi he e.
e judiat r e ltgai t r
A.

The Es a e' Entte e t a Ref f Ta Ye r 2000
t t s il m nt o
und or x a

Re diat o cli prcl i prve sapl ntf fo r ltgai camsale y
sju c a, r am e uson, e nt ai if rm e-ii tng li rad

de i d o t mert i a e rirpr ce di Flmi v Unie s -Ru e Cop. 1 F.
c de n he is n n a le o e ng. e ng . v r al ndl r , 42 3d

1 5 ,1 5 ( 1hCi.9 ) Boht ecamsa tal b o g t n camst t o l h v b e
3 4 3 6 1 t r1 98 . t h li cu l r u h a d li ha c ud a e e n
y
br
oughta eba r d whe r s cat a i . e sonAi Pars I .v Wv / Cor , F.
r re
n e judi a pples Pr cii r t, nc . c
p.736 2d

1 9 ,1 01( 1hCi.1 8 )(rs u ia abasas c n s i iv l n tes mepat sa d
4 9 5 1 t r 9 4 Le j dc t r e o d ut n ovig h a
ri n
e
s m ec us ofa i on al m a tr t twer pa toft frts tand a1 is st c d hav
n
a e cton
l te s ha
e r he is ui
1 s ue hat oul
e

be n ltgat d. doc rneofc lt r leso lpr cl
e ii e The ti
ola e a t ppe e udesr ii ton onl ofi s st twe e
eltga i
y s ue ha r
a t ly ltgae i t i ta s t whet rornott s co s ti bas on t s m ec eof
cual ii td n he nii l ui,
he
he e nd ui s ed he a
aus

a to '(mp a i i o iia, iainso te ) s eas Man ig v Ci o b r 9 3F.d
cin. e h ss n rgn l ctto mi d ; e lo nn . t fAu u n, 5 2
'
t
y
1 5 , 35 ( 1hCi.1 9 ) Th d crn a piswh n fu ee n sa ep e e t ( )teiiil
3 5 1 9 1 t r 9 2 . e o tie p le e o r lme t r r sn : 1 h nta
a to e d dwi afn l u g n o temeis ( )tej d me twa rn ee b ac u t f
ci n n e t i a j d me t n h rt; 2 h u g n s e d r d y o r o
h

c mp tn j rs ito ( )tep risi b t p o e dig aetesmeo i p iiy a d( )t
o ee t u idcin,3 h ate n oh r c e n s r h a r n rvt ; n 4 he
prorc us ofa tonwast s mea t cure c eofa ton. A. bi I v Jffron
i a e ci
he a s he rnt aus ci L Dur n, nc. . e es
NatlBank 793F. 1 41 1 49( 1hCi.1 .
'
,
2d 5 , 5 1 t r 986)
Al f oft e e e t e s i t sc s Fis,t Unied Stt s a M r Ba c ors
l our hes l men s xit n hi a e. r t he t
a e nd . t hel '
Esa epr vi l ltgae a a ton ba e on how muc t I e na i lAi Lea es soc a
t t e ousy ii td n c i
sd
h he nt r tona r s ' t k nd
a s t we ewo t a how muc M r Ba c or r c ve fom t s e.Unie at sv. c l s es r rh nd
h . t hel e ei d r he al
tdst e Bathe or

Rob s, s No. 201 Ci Ungao( D. a.
john Cae 03- 64- v- r S. Fl 2003)( cheorf. ca eBatheorlwa
Bat l ) Be us c l
s

d s se b s mmayj d me ti s r e a afn lud me t nt emeis f ; tb n , v
imisd y u r u g n ,t e v s s ia j g n o h rt.#.Ciia k NA. .
DaaLe s Fia cal r , 0 F.d 1 9 ,1 01( 1h Ci. 9 )(u r j dg n i atn l
t a e n n i Cop.9 4 2 4 8 5 1 t r 1 90 s mmay u me t s i a
j d me tl ntemeis).na dto te ei n q e to ta t i Co r wa o o f o ee t
u g n ç h rt' I d iin,h r s o u si n h t h s u t s ne f ç mp tn
o
c

j rs ito 'i ta a to b s do fd r l u sinj rs it n, ss b e t te j rs it nwa
u idcin'n h t ci n a e n e ea q e to u idci a u j c matr u idci s
o
o
c er u n t Cour by28U. C.j 1 46( ( ) Thus t frtands ondpr oft t t
onfred po he
t
S.
3 a)1 . , he is
ec
ongs he es
-

8-

ha bee stsi d. t r ee ntofr s c arquie t tt pate i t t a tonsbe
ve n aite The hid lme
e judiat e r s ha he ris n he wo ci
eihe t s m eori prviy wih ea h ot r Thepa te he ea et s m e.
t r he n
n i t t c he .
ris r r he a NAACP v Hunt e al,
.
,t .

891F. 1 1 ( 1h Ci.1 .
2d 555, 560 1 t r 990)
Fi l t f t ee ntoft docrneofcolaea esoppe dittst tr sju c a
naly,he ourh lme
he ti
ltrl t l cae ha e diat
a y onl i a s ti vest s m e c us ofa ton asa pr orltga e m a t r H unt 8 F. a
ppl
y f ui nvol he a
a e
ci
i ii t d te .
, 91 2d t

1 60.The detr i ton of whet r a ltga ha as e td t s m e c us of aci i t
5
e m na i
he
ii nt s s re he a
a e
ton n wo
pr ee ngsde ndsuponwhet rtheprm a yrght dut a et s m ei bot c s s'Fl mig,
oc di
pe
he t
t i r i and y r he a n h a e .' e n
l F. a 1
42 3d t 356.Thedocti ba sa1 l ga t oresa cli sa ii fom t s menuceusof
rne r 1 e l he i nd am rsng r he a
l

opeai fc.d ( i Mannig,953F. a 1 ) Thus c t e mi t f t lis t
rtve a tI quotng
n
2d t 358 . , ours xa ne he acua sues o
be r ol d i a a ton a t et ta os i prorr l e ltgatd mater a t
es ve n n c i nd hos ha r e n i eatd, ii e
t s nd i
compa e t
r he
s t nc oft a i , t i f r .' Dur n,793 F. a 1
ubsa e he ctons not he r o m 'lA. bi
2d t 549.
He e,a1c am sby t Unie Stt sr a i t i om efom t I er tona A i Le es
r l li
he t d a e eltng o nc
r he nt na i l r as
ta aci a ie o oft s
r ns ton rs ut he ame o r tve f c sa t eofBat l 1 SeeI r Pi e Aic a t
pe a i a t s hos
cheor .
n e p r r r.f
Cor ,244 F. 1
p.
3d 289.Bo h c e a ie fom t ta a ton i whih M r Bache o r ceve
t as s rs r
he r ns c i n
c
. t lr e i d
pa nt asco i r ton f t s eofI e na i Ai Le es Spe fc ly,t ofs tcai
yme s
nsde a i or he al
ntr tonal r as . cii a l he f e l med
by t Unie Stt she er lt st t i ome t tM r Bathel r e ve i 1 or2000 i t
he t d a e r ea e o he nc
ha . c or ec i d n 999
n he
f m ofpa m e sf rhi s eofl e a i lAi Le es Alhought l e na i l rLe ess l
or
y nt o s al nt m tona r as . t
he nt r tona Ai as a e
cl e on Febr r 1 1
os d
ua y 0, 999,I e na i l Ai Le s s of Pue t Rio ga M r Ba c l r a
nt r tona r a e
ro c
ve . t he o
Pr is yNot a pa ta pa e , c r r d pa nt t bemadeove t ne ye r Ea h
om s or
e s ril ym ntwhi h equie yme s o
r he xt a . c
pa nto t Not wast apori oft t t lpa ntf l e na i Ai Lea e .Thi Cour
yme n he e
hus
ton he o a yme or nt r tonal r s s
s
t
fndst t epa nt we epar oft s m es re ofta a tonsast Gove me ' ta f r e
i hathos yme s r t he a e i s r ns c i
he
na nts r ns e e
la lt cli i Bathel 1 whih s
ibiiy am n c or , c oughtt as e s labiiy a i tM r Bacheor sEsae i
o s s i lt ga ns . t l ' t t n
-

9-

c ci wihi omet therc ve a pa ntf t Not (heOptonAset weealopa t
onne ton t nc
ha e ei d s yme or he e t
i
ss r s r
oft pa
he yment madet M r Bathel byl er tona Ai Lea e ofPue t Ri i s ts a tonof
s
o . c or nt nai l r s s
ro co n a if ci

t Noe .
he t)
l c no bec e t d t tata aci t tefe t esapr vi ta aci i nec s rl
t an t ont se ha r ns ton ha f cuat
e ous r ns ton s es a iy
pa toft s m enu e ofope atvef ct a t s m es re ofr lt d ta aci . e. . ,LA.
r he a
clus
r i a s nd he a e i s ea e r ns tons Se eg.
Du bi ,793 F. a 1 49. r ,t pay e sma t M r Ba c ort
r n
2d t 5 He e he m nt de o . t hel mdert Not i bot 1
he e n h 999
a 2000 e f c ua e t ag e ntbewe n M r Ba c l and l e a i Ai Lea esofPue t
nd
fe t t d he r eme
t e
. t heor
nt nztonal r s
ro
Ri Not y, tofwha t Unie Stt swasr quie t de
co. abl par
t he td a e
e r d o monsr ei or rt pr i on is
tat n de o eval t
tanse e labiiy cli i Bat heor 1 wa t va ue of t e es c i ai al dl
r fr e i lt a m n
c l
s he l
he xc s onsder ton lege y
tans e r t M r Bat hel b I e na i lA i Le e ofPue t Ri o a pa entf rI e na i l
r f r ed o . c or y nt r tona r as s
ro c s ym
o nt r tona
A i Le s s Thes pa ent w e e t r or a i e a pa t t Gove m e ' c ai i Bat l
r ae.
e ym s r he ef e n nt gr l r of he
nz nt s l m n che or

; Thi de
s monsr i c d notbema i t c s wihoutpr ngt t al m ountofpay e s
taton oul
de n hat a e t
ovi he ot a
m nt
t M r Bacheor i udi t pa nt o t Not ,a t Unie St t sac or ngl pr e e
o . t l , ncl ng he yme s n he e nd he t d a e c di y es nt d
e d nc i
vi e e nBathel os ppo thea s s e ofpe s li om et sont tans to W he
c orlt u r t s es m nt
r ona nc
axe
he r aci n. n

g a tn s
rni g ummayj d me tf rteEsae t i Co r afr dt sd mo srto ,saig l e
r u g n o h tt, hs u t fime hi e n tain ttn ,t r
ov
tec u s o (1y a a dahaf Bac eo rc ie t b ln eo t P o so yNoevi dr c
h o re f a e r n
l, th lr e ev d he aa c n he r mis r t a ie t
pa nt fo t r pa tesandt s l ofva i aic af a ar a t rs Ba c ordee d t
yme s r m hid ri
he ae
rous r r t nd icr f pa t. t hel
me he

Pr s o y Not f l s ts d i Augus 2000. Se Or rGr ntng Summ a y J m e f t
omis r
e uly aife n
t
5 e de a i
'
r udg nt or he

Esaei Bathel 1D. 31 a pa 9i U S. Anne( y Bathel - john , s No.
tt n c or , E. 4 t ge n v.
Sand) c orRob s Ca e 0320164- ngar
U
o.

He e,t Unie St e ofs cai uli ael ars s die l fom t s me nuclus of
r he
td ats' fet l m tm t y ie r cty r he a
e
ope atve f c ast m a t rofBat he or. Bec us a cl i t tt U nie St t ha a i tt
r i a t he te
c l 1
a e ny a m ha he t d a es d ga ns he
-

10-

Esae f t m ic r trz ton ofi
t t or he s ha ace ia i
ncome i 1 or2000 ar ewhe t Esa e fl isye r
n 999
os
n he tt ied t a
1 i
999 ncomet xr t n i Oc obe 2000 a is2000r t n i Oc obe 200l t ywer i e se e
a eur n t r
nd t
eur n t r
,he
e n xit nc
a coul ha be n br hti Bat he o 1 whe en t Unie St t haduntlAprl20 t a
nd
d ve e oug n c l r , r i he td aes
i
i 04 o dd

cl msRa dal v Rubbe mai I ,1 F. 1 ( 1hCi.1 . lcai r ltngt i ome
ai . gs e .
r 4 nc. 93 3d 235 1 t r 999)Al l ms eai o nc
fom t I e na i Ai Lea e s eta a i s d ha bee ltga e i Bat hel Ja t
r he ntr tonal r s s al r ns cton houl ve n ii t d n c or nd he

UniedSt t i f e l edbyr s cat fom at mptnganyf rhe r ltg i n he e, o iss t f
t aes s or c os
e judi a r te i
u t r eii ato r s t eof
de ens i ba r d i t sa ton. é a 1
f e s re n hi c i 1 t 237.

To t e e t t Gove me as e t t tJ
he xt nt hat he
m nt s rs ha udge Unga o ne de ded a is
r ver ci
ny s ues
r ltng t t Not ort t x c r c e i a i a t ss ti t r by o sde t pur ew ofr s
ea i o he e o a ha a t rz tons nd hi ui s he e ut i he vi
e

j c a,heGovenme c u e t nar docrneofis pr l i wiht br docrne
udiat t
r nt onf s s he row ti
sue ecuson t he oad ti
ofcli pr cuson.I i ir e tt tJ
am e l i t s relvan ha udgeUnga o di no m a f cualfndi r ga di t
r d t ke a t i ngs e r ng he
cha a t rzai n oft i ome r ga di t l er tona Ai Le estans c i i Bat l 1
r c e i to
he nc
e r ng he nt nai l r as r a ton n cheor
be a e t i t nt cai a os out of t s me nuc e of ope a i f t-t t i ,t s m e
c us he nsa l m r e
he a
l us
r tve acs ha s he a

ta a to - s h Bac eo 1cam. eI r Pi rAic a Cop.2 4F.da 1 8 . ed crn
rnscin a t e th lr li Se n e pe r rh r , 4 3 t 2 9 Th o tie
ofcam prcuson e
li e l i xpandst prcl i ee nt ofr sjudiat tnotonl ast alcai
he e usve lme s e
c af
y o l l ms
r ponde sacualy r ied,butalo a t al cli t tc d ha be n r ie 'a t a ma tri
es
nt t l a s
s s o l a ms ha oul ve e as d' s o
te n

aprorc e.SeeFe r e De tSt e I .v.Moii 452 U. 39 404 ( 981 .Be us a1
i as
de atd p' ors, nc
te,
S. 4,
1 ) ca e 1
pa nt r ceve byM r Ba c l ront No ea epa t ndpa c oft s m eta aci whe he
yme s e i d
. the o
he t r r a
r el he n r ns ton, t r
r c i d i l or 2000 a we la whehe r c i d i a or e wih t St k Pur has
e e ve n 999
s l s
t r e e ve n cc danc t he oc
c e
Ag ee nt t t r oft N o e,ora trs tl me ofa s tf br ac oft Not a r l td
r me , he e ms he t
fe ele nt
ui or e h he e nd e ae
a e m e s anyefor oft Unie St t st colec o r t n a tona txe r l tngt i ome
gr e nt ,
f t he td a e o l t r eai ddii l a s e ai o nc
r ceved i c me i wih t l e natonalAi Lea esta a ton i now ba r d by t docrne
e i n or cton t he ntr i
r s r ns c i s
re
he ti
-

11-

ofr s c a.
e judiat
TheCour noe t tt çbarng'a pe tofr sjudiat doesnotaloba t Pl ntf
t ts ha he ç ri ' s c
e
c a
s r he ai ifs
r f nd cl m her be us t r f cli wa no i e se e a t tme offlng ofBathel
eu
ai
e ca e he e und am s t n xit nc t he i
ii
c or

1A cam i bardbyr sj c ai i wasi e se ewhe t orgi cam ont tans ton
. li s re
e udiat f t
n xitnc
n he i nal li
he r aci
wa fld,whi f Bat l Iwa J nua y 28,
s ie
ch or cheor
sa r
2003. eM al
Se
donado v U K W/y.Ge ,66 F.
.
/
n. 4 3d

1 ,1 ( 1h Ci.2011 ( amst tS dha be nbr
369 377 1 t r
) cli ha koul ve e ought' r cai i e se ea t
'ae l ms n xitnc t he

tmeteo iia c mpan i fld ; e as Ma nn v Ci o b r 9 3F.d1 5 ,1 6 ( 1h
i h rgn l o li ts i )s e lo n ig . t fAu u n, 5 2 3 5 3 0 1 t
e
y
Ci. 9 2 . tr u g nt se trdi c eo lt e1 c nt e t p ru camsa da s s
r 1 9 )Afe j d me wa ne e nBath l r ,h RS o i d o u s e li n se s
nu
t m a i tt Esat whih tm ey pa d t a s s nton J y 21 2005.Thi r f nd cl m
he gans he t e, c i l i he s es me
ul ,
s eu
ai
naur l onl a os a t t I a s s d i andt Esa epad i a s
t aly y r e fer he RS s es e t
he tt i t nd oughtar f nd. sr fmd
e u Thi e t

cai di aiebyt a ntofBatheor11 a coul havebe bar byrsjudiat b t t
l m d rs he dve
c l 1, nd d
en red e
c a y ha

c s h di matrb e d cd do temeisb t th lrll s t o cud di fn lu g n
a e a t t e n e ie n h rt, u Bac eo l wa no c n l e n aj d me t
s e
ont me isbutb si a e dim is oft pa te Ac r ngl t sc s mus bet fnal d
he rt
y tpult d s s al he ris. co di y,hi a e
t he i wor
on t r f nd r ga di t I e nai na Ai Le e ta a ton.
he e u e r ng he ntr to l r as s r ns c i

B. The Unie St es Cl i f rRec
td at ' am o
oupmenti Ba m d
s r
The Gov nm e a s c a m s t ti i e il d t of s unde pa d t xes f om t 1 t x
er nt l o l i ha t s ntte o f et
r i a
r he 999 a

yea ag ns t 2000 r f
r ai t he
e und u
nder t equia e t or of r cou nt The ofs t t t t
he
t bl he y
e pme .
f e ha he
Gove m e a t s t a s the e onc a i a ies fom t vaue a c r ctrz ton of
na nt tempt o s er r
e ga n rs r
he l nd ha a e i a i
pa e sunde t Pr i s y N ot gi n t M r Ba c l a c i r i n f t I e na i l
ym nt
r he om s or
e ve o . t he or s ons de ato or he nt r tona
A i Le s s s l To de e m i t pori n t be r ha ac e i ed a i e es i m e and t xed a
r a e a e.
t r ne he to o
ec r t r z s nt r t nco
a
t

-

12-

or na y i m e r t s t Cour woul ha t r vii t 1 i om e i col c i wih t
di r nco
a e , he
t
d ve o e st he 999 nc
n me ton t he

l e natonalAi Lea esta a i a Not Thi ofs ti ba ed by a saut oflm iatons To
ntr i
r s r ns cton nd e. s fe s n'
tt e i t i .
a d t s sa u e of lmia i ba ,t Unie St t he e i
voi hi t t t
i t tons r he
td aes r nvokes t doc rne of e t bl
he ti
quia e

rc
e oupme t Se Bulv Unie St e ,295U. 247( 935 .TheCour tnds ho ve,t tt
n . e l . td ats
S.
1 )
ti , we r ha he
docrneofr c
ti
e oupmen fist prvaiagans t docrneofr s cat SeeLewi v Re ds
t al o e l i the ti
e judi a.
s . ynol ,

28 U. 281( 932)
4 S. 1 .
Re pm e i anequiabl doc rnea i i t t x c e t a l et rt t pa r
cou nt s
t e ti ppled n he a ont xt o low ihe he u ye
ort Gove
he
nuue t a d t ha s c e nc s oft sat e oflm ia i i ve y lm ied
nt o voi he r h ons que e
he t ut
i t tons n r i t
cr um sa es l pr desno a fr i r le ,onl s t f ,a onl i t c e oft saut
ic t nc . t ovi
fimatve ei f y eof s nd y n he ont xt he t t e

oflmiatonsSe O 'ri v Unie ats, F. 1 1 1 ( hCi. )I atxpa r
i t i . e B en . tdst e 766 2d 038, 048- 050 7t r 1985 .f a ye
s e t r cove be a e ofa erormadet hi dia
e ks o e
r c us
n r
o s s dvant e i one ye r t Govemm e ma
ag n
a , he
l nt y

r quiehi t gi up a r aed orunr l t a nt ge e r si t s ye ,e n t h
e r m o ve
ny elt
e aed dva a ous ror n he ame ar ve houg
t Go m me c d noto he wieas e sdei e esa t t ee r sdue t t e r ton of
he ve
nt oul
t r s s s tcinci s o hos ror
o he xpia i

asaut oflmiai . Le s 284U. a 28 (et cam al r deer nai ofe ie
tt e i ttons See wi,
S. t 4 rfmd li lows e t mi ton ntr
tx la lt i smetx ye r;s e aloAlen v.Unied St e 51F. 1 2 ( 1h Ci.1
a ibiiy n a a a) e s l
t ats,
3d 01 1 t r 995)
(ppl ng fe st al I rghtt r a te r ape tofye rsrt n on whih r und i
a yi wi o low RS i o e-udi vey s c
a ' eur
c ef s

s u h,n ldn dfe e t e lis e e i sau eo lmiai n h se p rd .
o g t icu ig ifr n p nate , v n f ttt f i tto s a x ie )
I a t xpa r ort Go nune ,s kst r ove f onet x ye rby r c r ce ii a
f a ye , he ve
nt ee o ec r or
a a
e ha a trz ng
sa usorta a i r a i t t tyea i amanne i nsse wiht postont keni apror
tt
r ns cton eltng o ha
rn
r nco it nt t he ii a
n i
y ar on t s m e sat or ta a i t tpror i e t ned ye r m a be r ope d o y i
e
he a
t us
r ns cton, ha i , nt rwi
a
y
e ne nl n
c me i wih t ts cfctans ton t e ur t tt txpa er ort Gove nm e ,doe not
ol cton t ha pe ii r aci o ns e ha he a y , he
r nt s

ra a a nt fom teai t ta a tonorsausi onsse l i t t ( mor )y ar.
e p n dva age r r tng he r ns ci
tt nc itnty n he wo or e e s

Se R. Donnel Cor ,641F. at73 ( cr tus i t e s cc sve tx ye r coul be
e H
l
y p.
3d
a edi ed n hre u esi a as d
r e mi a ofs t i t ef nddueont ye ' r c a t rza i i t r yea , ve t
e xa ned nd f e agans r u
axpa rs e har c e i ton n hid r e n hough

sat eoflmiai ha r nonfrtt yeas. ni t pro ye r a t whiht saueha
t ut i ttons d u
is wo r)Ope ng he ir a s s o c he ttt s
nm doesnota l w a c pl t r ope ng ofa lt x i s i t e prorye s butonl t e i s s
lo
om e e e ni
1 a s ues n hos i
ar ,
y hos s ue

i e t ne wih t de a f r f 1
ntrwi d t he m nd or e und. d
Howe r r oupmenti a e t bl e e i onl ast asat eoflm iatons i i not
ve , ec
s n quia e xc pton y o t ut
i t i :t s
a exc ptont a ot rlm iato onr m e esorrght . gene al Uniedst e r Dal , 4
n e i o ny he i t i n e di
i s See
r l
y t ats . m 49

U. 5 6( 9 0 ( q i berc u me tc n o b u e t a odal tt n o urs cino e a
S. 9 1 9 ) e ut l e o p n a n t e s d o v i i ai nj idito v r
a
mi o
rf ndcli ;Par e v Unie ats 11 F. 678( hCi.1 (e oupme nota l et
e u am) k r . tdst e , 0 3d
9t r 997) rc
nt vaiabl o
as e tnconsse team e oft dif r ntesaes txe wih r gar t s m ec pust a d t
sri
it nt r t nt wo fe e t t ' a s t e d o a
or o voi he

rq ie n ta asn l tx a e b s be t oic n itn tx te t n) l rg r st t sc s ,
e urme th t ige a p y r e u j c t n o sse ta rame t.n e ad o hi a e
t r or r oupmentc
heef e, ec
annotbe us d t a d t docrne o r sjudiat I ed,alowi
e o voi he ti f e
c a. nde
l ng

rc
e oupme whe cli ae cl e by r sju c a woul undemi t vey pur eofrs
nt n ams r os d
e diat
d
r ne he r pos
e
ju c a-t puta e t diputsaboutasngl ta a ton. ge r l Par e ,11 F. at68
diat o
n nd o s e
i e rns ci See ne aly k r 0 3d
4

(ef i t e ndr a h ofr c
r usng o xpa e c
e oupmentbec us iwoul rs t lbuti olr bl cic t e
a et
d ik l
al
nt e a e: r umsanc s

ofha ng atx s tm unde whih t r woul ne rco ada offna stlme iai
vi a yse
r c he e
d ve me y i l ete nfxcttons
omitdl. docrneofr s cat s r st s c enec s iae fnaiyt ltgai a prve s
te )The ti
ejudi a eve o e ur e sttd i lt o ii ton nd e nt

h rsme t f a t s ndt ewa t o j dca r s uc str u hmul piio 1w s t. hi t i
a a s n o p ri a h se fu iil e o r e h o g
e
t l tus a uisW l hs
i c
e
Cout v isteme h nc la plc to o c mmo 1w d crn i tefc o ma ie tij sie
t'a od h c a ia p iain f o n a o tie n h a e f nf s nu tc ,
ti Cou t o sn ti h r t tl nf s ij sie' e u t fo isa pl ai no t a l u lc
hs r d e o tnd ee ha s ie t n u tc 'r s ls r m t p i to r h t f b i
ma
c
p
polc ' ode a a e e i t t fnalt nze SeePr cii
iy's m nds n xc pton o he i iy l.
e sonAi
rpars I v Av o Cor ,7
t, nc. . c
p. 36

F. 1 1 04( 1hCi.1 ( i Moc v E.Bat Rou ParihSc #t,5 F. 59
2d 499, 5 1 t r 984) quotng h .
on ge s h. @ 48 2d 4,
-

14-

5 8( t Ci.1 7 ) s ealo He n n e v Ci o aa te 6 9F.d 7 4 7 7 (t Ci.1 8 )
9 5h r 9 7 ; e s r a d z . t fL f yet, 9 2 3 , 3 5h r 9 3
y
(voi nc ofrs diat a iai mus bei t f eofcr umsanc st t r ç i fca 'a
a da e e ju c a pplc ton t n he ac ic t e ha ae t gnii nt' nd
s
o d t t ce ton ofû w lga c tons' .Uli t y,rc
r ue o he rai
t
ne e l ondii .' tmael e oupme i no a e
)
nt s t n xpansve
i
e e i t fnalt a i c nnotbeus dheet a dt c e
xc pton o i iy, nd t n
e r o voi he onsquenc ofr s c a.
es e judiat

IV .

C oncl on
usi

TheEsa e i e il t t r f nd oft xesi ore ty a s s ed a ns i f t 2000 t x
tt s ntted o he e u
a nc r c l s e s gai t t or he
a
ye ,wih t addii ofi e es fom t dae t Esat pad t a s s m e suntlt da et
ar t he
ton ntr t r he t he t e i he s e s nt i he t he
Unie Stt sr pay t Esa e TheGove nm e i not ntte t ofs ta cai so t sa ns
t d a e e s he t t .
r nt s e ild o f e ny l m r axe gai t
t er f
hos e undsbec us a s h ofs tcli ort xe a eba r a ama t of1w byt docrne
a e ny uc f e a ms a s r red s
ter a
he ti

ofrsju c a.
e diat

DONE AND ORDERED i c m be sa M i mi Fl i t s 1 t da o Nove r 201
n ha r t a , orda,hi 3 h y f
mbe , 3.

FED ERI A .M OREN O
CO
UN I
TED STA TES D I
STRI J G E
CT UD
Co espr de t
pi ovi d o:
Cou elofRe or
ns
c d
-

15-