United States of America v. Robinson et al

Filing 21

ORDER denying 8 11 Motions to Dismiss. Signed by Chief Judge Federico A. Moreno on 9/11/2012. (mmd)

UNI
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT FOR THE
CT
SOUTHERN DI
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ad i sr tvepr ee ngssa et t ALJi r vi wi Or r t Show Cau
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he e m nded de ii n. 21C. R.j 1 66 . I i teAd n sr tro teDEA wh te
c so
F.
31 .6 t s h miitao f h
o hn
publs afna or ri t Fede a Re se s ti f t t fnal ul a t fndi off ta
ihes i l de n he
r l git r e tng orh he i r e nd he i ngs ac nd
c l i nsoflw upon whih i i ba e . 21C. R. 1 6.7 Theei n s e i e t fa
oncuso
a
c ts sd
F. j 31 6 . r s o p ct d i rme
i me
f t is nc oft fnalo der Thus t ALJde ii is l pr de , d-heis uli t l t
or he s ua e he i r .
, he
c son te f ovi s t- s ue tma ey o
l

b a j dc tdb t eAd n sr tr wi t a ssa c o t i rc mme d dd cso , i whet r
e du iae y h miitao , t he s itn e f h s e o n e e iin s
h
he
t r or a awhol esa ihe , s t tal vi nc ,t a teRe p n e ts(e itain s o l
he ec d s
e tbls s by ubsan i e de e h th s o d n ' r gsrto l h u d
ber voke a i onssentwiht publc it r t a t ttr i us d i 21U .
e
d s nc it
t he
i n e es, s ha e m s e n
S. j 8 3 9 a d
C. j 2 ( n

8 a . Se ALJRe omme De sona 2.Noneoft s a tonalse havetke pl et
24()' e
'
c
nded cii t
he e ddii tps
a n ac o
fnalz t o derandt r or t Cour ca
i ie he r , he ef e he
t nnot a t ALJ' Re
gr nthe
S comm e dDe i i e l i
nde c sonpr cusve
efc.
fe t
2.Cl i Pr l i
am ecuson
Eve i t Cour we et fnd afna o de , r s diat ( cli pr l i doe not ppl
n f he
t r oi
i l r r e ju c a or am ecuson) s a y

bec us t Unie St t c d notha br htis cvi pe ly cl ms i t Adm i sr tve
a e he td aes oul
ve oug t i l nat ai n he
nita i
Pr e di . Cl i pr cl i a i sonl wher a pa t c d haver ie , butdi notr ie a
oc e ngs am e uson pple
y
e
ry oul
asd
d
as,

cai i a eale cae.iti b now hor
l m n n rir s t s y
l
nbooklw t tt docrneofrsju c a ç r t flng
a ha he ti
e diat ba s he ii
ofcli swhi we er s d orc d ha bee r ied i a e lerpr e ng. ''M al
am
ch r aie
oul ve n a s n n ari oce di ' donado,664

F. a 1 ( i Rags ev.Rubbe mai I . 1 F. 1 , 1 ( 1hCi.1 ) I
3d t 375 quotng
dal
r 4 nc, 93 3d 235 238 1 t r 999). n
Mal
donado,heElve hCic te
t e nt rui mphasze t tt docrneofr s c amus bea i wih
i d ha he ti
e judiat
t ppled t
gr a e fexi lt i t c e ofa nita i pr e ngs 1 a 1
e t r l biiy n he ont xt dmi sr tve oce di . é t 37778.

l t sca e t Gover ntcoul no ha r ie t cli si pur ue i t sac i i t
n hi s , he
nme
d t ve as d he am t s s n hi ton n he
DEA pr e ng. The Contole Subsa esAc pr de t tar voc ton ofa r sr ton i
oc edi
r ld
t nc
t ovi s ha e a i
egita i s

a j d c td i a a mi itaie p o e dig 21U. C.j 8 () Ast Ac s e ii s fsuc
du iae n n d nsrtv r c e n .
S.
24 c . he t p cfe , t h
pr e ngss lbei pe ntof a noti le of c i nalpr e utonsorot rpr e ngs
oce di hal nde nde
n iu , rmi
os c i
he oce di
, nd
unde t s s
r hi ubcha e or a ot r lw of t Unied Stt s' I Puruan t t Ac ,t
ptr
ny he a
he
t
ae . ' d
s t o he t he
a nita i pr e ngsi t sc ewer lm ie t t r voc i ofRobi on' r sr ton
dmi sr tve oc edi n hi as
e i t d o he e aton
ns s egita i

-

no hi or Unlket a i sr tvepr e ngs t Com pli ti hi ca es kscvi pe li
t ngm e. i he dm nita i oce di , he
a n nt s s ee i l nates
ag ns Robi on f m uli e vi a i of t r cor ke pi pr sons of t Contole
ai t
ns or
tpl oltons
he e d e ng ovii
he
r ld
Subsa esAc . The Ac i pos spe lis f t e vi a i a am ehod ofpr ntng dr g
t nc
t
t m e nate or hos oltons s
t
eve i
u

dv rin.21U. C. 8 2 c( ) Un tdsttsv Gr e b r 3 4F. u p. 6 3 6 6 ( . P
it so
S. j 4 ()1 ; ie ae . e n e g, 3 S p 3 4, 6 - 7 W D. a

.

1 1 (t hepu pos oft e cme oft 1 Actwast pr deas t f t c tolo
97 ) 'r r e he na t nt he 970
o ovi ysem or he onr f
d u ta tcand t pr ventt a e ofd ugs The sa ut r s heme e so d byt Ac i one
r g r fi
o e
he bus
r .
tt o y c
nvii ne
he t s

ofc r t oughrcor ke pi ')
ontolhr
e d e ng. .
'

Diti c u t ha eo ii lu idito o e camsf rcvip n l e frvilto o t e
srd o rs v rgna j rs cin v r li o i l e at s o oains f h
i

Ad.21U. C. 8 ()1( ; 8U. C. 1 5 .Th lw p e ld sa a mi srtv lw j d e
S. j 42 c( )A) 2 S. j 3 5 e a rcu t n d nitaie a u g
fo a j iaig acam frcvi p nate . Th j s ito a p o iins ao wiht eAc'
r m dudc tn li o i l e l s e midci n l r v so , lng t h ts
i
a onii t ta i sr i pr e ngsi vi r gitai r vocai a etnoti le of'
dm ton ha dm nitatve oc tdi nvol ng e sr ton e
tons r ç n i u
ot renf r e nta tons clrf t t hecvipenatescli spr s nt di t sc ecoul not ve
he o c me c i , a iy ha t i l
li am e e e n hi as
d ha

be nboughtbef et ALJ Ac di y,heCour doesnotfndt tr s diat ba st cl ms
e r
or he . cor ngl t
t
i ha e ju c a r he ai
r i e i t s Com pl nt
a s d n hi
ai .
3. I s Pr l i
s ue ec us on

I s pr cusons r est ba r ltg i n ofi ntc lis st tha ar dybe f l a
s ue e l i e v o r e ii ato
de ia s ue ha ve lea
en uly nd

fil l iae .Se Qun v Mo r eCn , 3 F.d 1 2 ,1 2 ( 1h Ci, 0 3 ; y n ,5
ary i g td e in . n o @. 3 0 3 3 0 3 8 1 t r 2 0 ) Br a t 75
t

-

8-

F. a 1 (i ngis pr l i notoa ybe us t çis befr t heai ofi e was
3d t 302 tndi sue ecuson t ppl ca e he ssue o e he rng tc r
ditnc fom t is pr en e t t dititc t'.
si t r he s ue es t d o he src our. '
)

Be a et Co t sara yf u dt a t camsi ti c s c ul n t a j dc tdi
c us he urha le d o n h the li n h s a e o d o be d u iae n
t a i sr tvepr e ngsr ga di Ro ns sr sr ton,s uepr cl i
he dm nita i oce di e r ng bi on' egita i is
e usonwoul o ya y
d nl ppl
t ba t r ltga i off cua is s ar ad de t mi d b t ALJ, as umi t t fndi
o r ht t-ii ton
a t l sut le y t r ne y he
s ng hos i ngs
woul bem a fna .A r di oft ALJSr commende de sons
d
dt i l ea ng he
' e
d cii upporst f t lal gai
t he acua le tons

t tgvt rs t t sc
ha i ie o hi ompl i . tndi t tis pr cl i a i woul onl s r t s ts y
ant A i ng ha s ue e uson pples
d y e vt o a if
t Gove
he
nmwntsbur n i t sc e. Ac di y,t Cour doe notfnd is pr l i ba s
'
de n hi as
cor ngl he
t s
i s ue ecuson r
t sca e fom goi f wa d a de est motonst dim ison t e gr
hi s r
ng or r nd ni he
i o s s
hos ounds
.
B. Applc ton oft Contoled Subsa esAc t M c lse
ia i
he
r l
t nc
t o Alit r
M cAlitra g t tbec us s i no ar gita ,heConto l Subsa e Ac c nno
lse r ues ha
a e he s t e sr nt t
r led
t nc s t a t

be a i d t he . Shealo ar ue t ts c nnotbehe d la e unde t Ac bec us s wa
pple o r
s g s ha he a
l ibl
r he t a e he s
a tnga ar pr e a i oft Pr m irCentr TheCour doesnotfnd et ra gum e peruasve
c i s e es nt tve he e e
e.
t
i ihe r
nt s i
a t Contole Subsa s Ac a i t $ l perons' a bas on t a lga i of
s he
r ld
tnce
t pples o i
al
s ' nd
ed
he le tons
M cAli t r sr e a t Ce e .
ls e ' ol t he nt r

1.Lang geoft Contole Subsa sAct
ua
he
r ld
t nce
Eve y cli f r le agans M c lse i t Compl ntsc sone t ough t n a ie
r am or e if i t Alit r n he
ai ' ount
hr
e rs

fom 21U. C. 842()5) Tha s ci sae ûts lbeunl uloran pes . .5 t rf e
r
S. j a( . t e ton tts:t hal
l
awf f y ron . () o eus
orneglge l f i t m a ke p,orf nih a r or r por,notfc i de a a i o deror
i nty a l o ke, e
ur s ny ec d, e t ii aton, clr ton, r
or r f m , s a e e , i c , or i or a i r r d unde t s s ha e . . .' I The
de or t t m nt nvoi e
nf m ton equie
r hi ubc pt r . d
'

r gultonst ti e e t Actdei S r on'a sa i vi , por ton,
e a i ha mplm nt he
fne l s ' s tny ndi dualcor a i gove m e ,
pe
m nt or
go me a s vii ora ncy, i s t s, rne s p, s a i orot rlgal tt '
venl nt l ubdi son ge
busne s nzt pa t r hi as ociton, he e en iy.
'

21C. R.j1 01b)
F. 300. ( .

Le ng s
ndi uppor t t Gove m e ' poston i Unie atsv M oore,423 U . 122,133
t o he
m nts ii s tdst e
S.
.

( 975) I M oo e,t Suprme Cou te ai d i a ci na c s unde sci 841 oft
1 . n
r he
e
r xpl ne n rmi l a e
r e ton
he
Contole Subsanc Ac ,t tCongr s s e t d c ran s e tonst a y t r sr nt a
r ld
t es t ha
es elc e e ti ubs c i o ppl o egita s nd
ot s t a y t a 1ç s . The pr vii t t gi rs t t c us ofa ton agans
her o ppl o 1 l ons'
per
'
o son ha ves ie o he a e
ci
i t

M c lse ,s ci n 8 2 a( ) i ld st br a e tr oft n p ro ' a d e n tlmi
Alitr e to 4 ()5 , ncu e he o d r em
i y e s n' nd o s o i t
a
a i to oft s e ton t r gita s
pplcai n ht ubs c i o e sr nt .

Co rsh vea ay e t ln u g o s cin 8 2 a ( )a d f u dt a tepanln u g
u t a n lz d he a g a e f e to 4 ( )5 n o n h t h li a g a e

a pl sn tu tor gsr n sb toal e s n .Uni dsttsv Bl no , 3 F.d1 2 , 4 4( 1h
p i o j st e ita t, u t lp ro s t a e . a tn 7 0 2 4 5 1 3 1 t
e
e
Ci.1 8 )( ligt a s cin 8 2 a( )a ple t ap y iinwh wa n tp o ryr g se e
r 9 4 hodn h t e to 4 ()5 p id o h sca o s o r pel e itrd
wiht DEA) Unie St e v ClnialLe i Se v.I . 759 F.Supp.31 31 1 ( D.
t he
; td ats . i c asng r , nc,
0, 3- 4 E. La.

1 9 ) Unf #Sttsv S ih m, 3 F. u p. 0 , 4( D. a 1 9 ) UntdSttsv Po ln
9 0 ; f ae . td a 9 8 S p 8 8 81 S. Al . 9 6 ; i ae . u i,
e
e
9 6F. p 2 , 5 ( M a s 1 9 )
2 Su p. 46 2 0 D. s . 9 6 .
The ClnialLe ig co thel t Contoled Subsa esAc çdoe notr r t tone
ic
asn ur d he
r l
t nc
tl s
equie ha
whor f esorf l t m a kee orf nih r c dsbt a çeg sr nt'On t c r r , 21U. C.
e us
ais o ke, p, ur s t or
r ita .
he onta y
S.

j 8 a( pr dest ttits lbeunlwf f a pe s t r us orf it ma ke p,or
42()5) ovi ha (l hal
a ul or ny ron o ef e al o ke, e
f ih'r co ds' Clni Leasng,759 F.Supp.a 31 Ec ng M oor t Cour i Clnial
um s e r . i cal
'
i
t 3. hoi
e, he
tn i c

Le sn sae d- dCo g e sitn e t lmit ea p ia lt o j8 2 a( )t rg sr nso y
a ig ttd:tl n r s n e d d o i t h p lc bi y f 4 ()5 o e ita t nl,
la
i
iwoul ha dones asidi i jj842()2)and()' I a 31
t d ve
o, t d n
a(
3 . d t 4.
'
I bot Stdman a Pouln, t cours r ac d t s m e c uson t t t Ac '
n
h i
nd
i he
t e he he a
oncl i ha he ts
x co dkee ng pr s on appled t a 1pe s ,notm e e y r s r nt . l t e c es t c t
e r
pi
ovi i
i o l r ons
r l egi ta s n hos as , he ours

f
oundt towne so t f iii st tdipe e con r l d s tnc c d be he d la eunde
ha
r f he aclte ha s ns d tole ubsa es oul
l ibl
r
t Ac .I t ec s s t co t a s f undt o ne se s n i ly o r t dt f iii son ada l
he t n hos a e ,he urs lo o
he w r s e tal pe a e he aclte
iy
ba i a we enotexe e fom t r c dke ng r quieme s i
ss nd r
mpt d r he e or epi e r nt .Stdman,938 F. Supp.at809,

-

10-

81 Pouln,926 F. Supp. t249,255.
4;
i
a
Li t de enda si i
ke he f nt nstdmanu
ndpouln, t Compl i he ea lgesM c lse owne t
i he
ant r le
Alitr
d he
Ce e t t ha ed c r l s t nc a s had t au hort and r s
ntr ha ndl ontoled ubsa es nd he
he t iy
e ponsbiiy f
i lt or

mai ai ngt Ct e ' c r ld s tncer co ds TheCompl i a s ale M c lse de
nt ni he nt rs ontolt ubsa e r .
ant lo lges Alit rma
or rng de sons ta f r d dr gs be we n t Coc
de i
cii , r nsere u
t e he
onutGr Ce e a he ot er Ta pa
ove ntr nd r h
m

Ce t ,a t ts ve ii qua ii . The e al ga i s fc e l sae acli unde s to
ntr nd ha he rfed nttes
s le tons ufi i nty t t
am
r eci n

8 2 a( ) Be a es ei alg dt h v h drs o i ii o rh c nr le s b tn e t Cour
4 ()5 , c us h s le e o a t a ep nsbl y ve te o to ld u sa c s he
t
t
,

c n fnd he la ef vi a i t Ac ' r or e ng pr sons
a i
r ibl or oltng he ts ec dke pi
ovii .

M cAlit los sst ts c nnot f
lsera s ugge t ha he a be oundla ebe aus s wasm e el heCe e '
i bl c e he
r yt
nt rs
r e en a i Thi ar ume mi s t m a k. I Pouln a Stdman t coursf
epr s t tve. s g nt s es he r n
i nd i
he
t ound i vi l
ndi dua
,

ownesla eunde sci 8 a ()e nwheet c aee iywa t r srnt W her
r ibl
r e tons 42()5 ve
r he omort ntt s he egita
e
.

c or t ofi e sha be n i aposton t pr ve orc r c t vi a i a is e,court have
om ae fc r ve e n
ii o e nt or e t he oltons t s u
s
f
oundt tt r i i vi la lt unde t s e ton, whih pl i ya i t a li r ons''
ha he e s ndi dual i biiy
r he ubs ci
c anl pples o l ç s
pe
.

21U. C. 8 2a ( )
S. j 4 ()5 .
Puti asdet l
tng i he angua oft Ac , t i e oft Contole Subsa sAc alof vor
ge he t he ntnt he
r ld
tnce t s a s

afn igt a s cin8 2 a( ) p le t Mc lse TheEl vent Cicui expl i t tçcongr s
i dn h t e to 4 ()5 a p is o Alitr
e h r t aned ha ç
es
.

waspariul ry c
tc a l once ne wih t di r i ofdr gs fom lgii ae c
r d t he ve son
u r e tm t hanne st il
l ol
e tm ae
gii t
c n l.'Bl on,73 F.2 a 1 27 ( u t g Un td Sttsv
ha nes' ant
0 d t 4 q oi
n ie ae ,Mo r ,4 3 U
oe 2

S.a 1 . The
t 35)

.

r co dke pig r r m e salow t DEA $o cl ey m onio t fow ofc r l s t es
e r e n equie nt l he
% os l
t
t r he l
ontoled ubsanc
f om m a ac ur rt t ha oft c u e .'I at1 28.Toac e M c lsersa gume
r
nuf t e o he nds he ons m r ' d
427c pt Alit ' r
nt

t tt Ac doe no a y t he , e t
ha he t s t ppl o r ven hough s wa r s
he s e ponsbl f t dnl woul evi cer t
i e or he gs
d s ae
,

t goa ofens i t m ove ntofdr i cl ey c r ld. Congr saddr s edt tl
he l
urng he
me
ugs s os l ontole
es
e s ha oophol
e

b a pyngs cin 8 2 a( )t t n p ro '' Accor ngl t Courtûndst tM cAlit ri
y p li e to 4 ()5 o ç y e s n
a
di y, he
ha
lse s
.

pr peryna
o l medasa de e nta s c d bef
f nda nd he oul
ound l
i

a l u d rs cin 8 ()5
b e n e e to 42 a( )
.

DONE AND ORDERED i Cha be satM i mi
n
m r
a
,

Fl i , hi
orda t s

da ofSe e be , 201
y
pt m r 2.

FE RI
CO .
NO
UNI
TED TATES DI
STRI J
CT UDGE
Copi pr dedt
es ovi o:
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or