Perera v. H&R Block Eastern Enterprises, Inc.
Filing
13
ORDER Granting 9 Defendant's Motion to Dismiss and Compelling Arbitration Signed by Senior Judge James Lawrence King on 11/9/2012. (jw)
UN I
TED STA TES DISTR I C O URT
CT
SO UTH ERN DISTRICT O F FLO R I A
D
M I M IDI I
A
V SION
CA SE N O .1 22367- V- N G
2CI K1
W I AM PERERA,
LLI
Pl nt f,
ai if
H& R BLO CK EA STERN ENTERPRI
SES,I C.
N ,
Def
endant
.
/
O R DER GR AN TI G DEFENDA NT'
N
S
M OTI N TO D I ISS AN D CO M PELLI ABR I ATI N
O
SM
NG
TR
O
TH I M ATTER com esbe or t Cour upon D ef ntsM oton t D i m i or
S
f e he
t
enda '
i o s ss ,
i t e Ale nai ,t S a a t Co lAr ta in ( / ,fld Aug t2 2 2.
n h tr tve o t y nd o mpe bi to DE / ie
r
9)
us 2, 01
Ther n, D ef nt ar s t , pur nt t a e oym e a e ent Pl i if i
ei
enda
gue hat
sua o n mpl
nt gr em , a ntf s
oblgat d t s i t a bir i a 1cl m sar sng f om t r a i hi be wee t t o
i e o ubm t o r taton 1 ai
i i r he el tons p t n he w
pa te .1 The Cour, bei f l bref d on t m aterz fnds t Def nda ' M oton
ri s
he
t , i
hat
e nts
i
t ng uly i e
s d be gr nt d.A c di y,t cas w ilbe dim i s a Pl ntf s ls i hi
houl
a e
cor ngl he e l
s s ed nd ai if hal ubm t s
cl m st a bir ton i a da w ih t em pl e agr em ent sar taton clus
ai o r t a i n ccor nce t he
oym nt e
' bir i
a e.
1 BACKGROUND
.
On J ne 26 201 Pli tfl a tx pr pa e f De e a , fld a o - o t
u
, 2, a n it a e r r or f nd nt e
ne c un
Compli ts e ng t r c rda ge f ru o n a e o ri wa e . DE #1 ! 1 .
an e ki o e ove ma s o nc mpe s td ve tme g s (
, )
lThough notm e i
ntoned i Pl ntf sCom pl nt Def ntatached t e pl
n ai if'
ai , enda t
he m oymentagr
eementt is
ot
M oton asExhi tA .
i
bi
2Pl n iffld aRe pon e( #1 onAu s 28 2 2. f n ntfldaRe y ( /1 )on
aitf ie
s s DE 0)
gu t , 01 De e da ie
pl DE / 1
Sept ber7,201
em
2.
Spe sca l Pl ntf a l d t he wor d on a age 60 hour perwee wihoutbei
ci ly, ai if lege hat
ke
ver
s
k t
ng
com pens ed atnotl st n tm e and a hal f al hour e
at
es ha i
f or 1
s xcee ng 40,asr r by t
di
equied
he
Fa rLa orS a da dsAc (i
i b tn r
t$
FLSA' .(d.a ! 8 ;s e alo 29 U. C.j 2 ( ) 1 . i e
' I t ) e s
)
S.
07 a ( ) Unlk
m a FLSA ac i , Pl ntf di not s on behal of hi s f a si ia l st ed
ny
tons ai if d
ue
f
m el nd m l ry iuat
i vi l Pl ntf s ks onl hi own unpai c
ndi dua s. ai if ee
y s
d ompens ton,f om t m om e he was
ai r
he
nt
hrdi 1 0a atxprpae t prsntS n o fo 3(h e )ye r b c fom ted t
ie n 99 s a e rr o e e d d/r r m tr e as a k r h ae
a
oft flng oft s c pl ntpl a tonaltm e f weekst s at e oflm iatonsw as
he ii
hi om ai us ddii
i or
he t ut
i ti
t ldb ap iro ti noiefldi a te matr'(d. t 9 .
ole y ro p-n tc ie n noh r te . 1 a ! )
'
Thi Courthad ea le de de i t r a ed c es of Gr
s
r i r ci d, n he elt as
eene etal v.H &R Bl
.
ock
Ea tr Entr ie ,No. 1 - 6 3- V- NG ( D.Fl .Fie M a 21 201 ) a
se n e prs s
0 21 6 CI K1
S. a l d y , 0 , nd
Il o v H&R Blc Ease n En eprs s No.09 2 31 CI K1 ( D.Fl .Fie
l
an .
o k tr tr ie ,
- 25 - V- NG S. a ld
Au 2 2 ) t tH&R Blc tx a s ca e c ul n tltg t et ra a ca sa to
g. 7, 009 , ha
o k a s o it s o d o iia e ihe s ls c in
or na i l colec i ac i The ll
tona
l tve ton.
lano c e,how ever w as pe m it t pr
as
,
r ted o oceed as a
c l tve acton on be f of sm iary s t ed t pr r r i M i iD ade Count
olec i
i
hal
i l l iuat ax epa e s n am y,
Flrda Gr e ewa ds se wihprj dieo J y2 201 be a ei wa d plc tve
oi . e n s imis d t eu c n ul 6, 0 c us t s u iai
oft Il o ltgain.( 1 21 3- V- NG,DE #38 . A fna s tlme twa
he l
an ii to No. 0- 66 CI KI
)
i l ete n s
a pr ve i Il o on Se e r28, 01 . No. - 3ICI KI G, # 7 .
p o dn l
an
ptmbe
2 1 ( 09 225 - V- N DE 21 )
Shorl afer s tlng Il
ty t e ti
lano, H &R Bl
ock pr ded Pl i if w ih a ne
ovi
a ntf
t
w
e oy n a r e e ;i c nt i d a a bir ton ca e.Se ( hi tA,DE #9 1
mpl me t g e m nt t o ane n r tai lus
e Ex bi
-)
Pl ntf sgne t agr em ent on N ovem ber 5,2011 The Com pl nt doe notm e i n
ai if i d he e
'
.
ai
s
nto
2
t e pl ent agr m ent or ar ta i c aus . But on A ugus 22,201 3 Def
he m oym
ee
bir ton l e
endant
t
2,
atac
t hed t em pl e agr em e as Exhi t A t is M oton t D i m i s or i t
he
oym nt e nt
bi
o t
i o s s , n he
A le natve,t St a t Com pelA r ta i Pl ntf Res
t r i o ay nd o
bir ton. ai i fs pons adm ist va i t of
e
t he ldiy
t a bi ai n ca ebu dipu e iss o . e( #1 ) W hehe t a btai n ca e
he r t to lus t s t s t c pe Se DE 0 . t r he r ir to lus
r
a i t Pl ntf scl m si t de er i tve i s i e ua i D ef
pples o ai if ai s he t m na i s ue n val tng endant sM oton.
'
i
I .LEGAL STANDARD
I
Th Fe r l Ar tai n Ac (1 ' go r s t v ldt of a a btai n
e de a birto
t $
FM ' ve n he a i iy
)
n r ir to
agr m ent The FAA evi s She sr f r polc i f vor ofenf ci a bir ton
ee
.
nce ç tong ede al i y n a
t
or ng r ta i
a e me t . Se De n Witr Re ols I .
gr e n s' e a
'
te yn d , nc
Byr 4 U. 21 21 ( 985 .
d, 70 S. 3, 7 1 )
A c di y, S
cor ngl l
cover ar t a i agr m ent ar t i ir
ed bir ton
ee
s e vald, revocabl and e or bl
e,
nf cea e,
s upon s h gr
ave
uc ounds as exi ta 1 w or i equiy f t r vocaton of a c r t''
s ta
n
t or he e
i
ny ontac .'
Commu i St t Ba v to g,651 F. 1 41 1 0 n.7 ( 1h Ci.201 )( u tng 9
n t a e nk .S r n
y
3d 2 , 25
1 t r 1 q oi
U. C.j2 .
S.
)
Bef e a cour m a r r pa test ar t a e,t m ova m us esabls t tt r
or
t y equie ri o bir t he
nt
t t i h ha he e
i avai abi ain a e me a dta tedip e camsaes j c t abtain. e
s ld r t to gre nt n h t h s utd li r ube t o r ir to Se
r
M is shlM ot s Cor v.Sol Chr l r- ym out I ,473 U . 614,626,105 S.Ct
tubi ' or
p.
er ys e pl
h, nc.
S.
.
3 46( 98 ) Lambe tv Au tnI d.54 F. 11 2,1 95( 1h Ci. 08 .I ma ng a
3 1 5;
r . si n , 4 3d 9 1 1 t r 20 ) n ki
de er i ton ast t tr tf ct ,t wrten ar taton agr m entm us be S or
t m na i
o he i s a or he it
bir i
ee
t s
enf ceabl
e
i r or nar sat l w 'contactprnc pl .' Lambe ,544 F. at 11 W hen t e
unde di y t e-a
r
i i es '
rt
3d
95.
hes
3D ef
endanthadtmel fl an unoppos m oton f e enson oftm e t r pond t t Compl nt
i y ied
ed i or xt i
i o es
o he
ai ,
whih t Cour gr ed.
c he
t ant
f ct s ar s ts i d,t cour i r r t teihe s ay or dim is a l w s t and t
a or e a i fe he
t s equied o s t r t
s s
a ui
o
c
ompela bir ton.'1
r ta i ' d.
A s a m ater of c r ,ça pary ca
t
ontact ç
t nnotbe r quied t s
e r o ubm i t ar taton a
t o bir i ny
diput whi he has notagr ed s t s i. W F t F Techs,I v Com m uni i
s e
ch
e o o ubm t'
'
b
. nc. .
catons
Wo k r o q ,4 U. 6 6 ,1 6 S.Ct 41 ( 98 (ntr lq tto maks
r e s fzm. 75 S. 43, 48 0
.1 5 1 6) i ena uoain r
o itd) A pa t s e ng t a i a bir ton mus et rpr ve wave oft e rg t
m te .
ry e ki o vo d r tai
ti
he o
i r h i ht o
abirto I a Cor v B.Br no
r tain, v x p. .
au fAme ia,I c,28 F. 1 9,1 5 6 ( 1h Ci.
rc n . 6 3d 30 31 -1 1 t r
2 2) o mus u q vo a l d n t tt e a r e n t abir t wasma a ofe
00 , r t ne ui c ly e y ha h g e me t o r tae
de nd fr
evi nc t s t i t t de al Wheat Fis Sec. I v.Gre 993 F. 81 81
de e o ubsanta e he ni .
en,
2d 4, 7
, rt
, nc.
( 1h Ci.1 3)
1 t r 99 .
1 1.DI CUSS ON
1
S
I
I r ew i t i t ntM oton,t Cour ' dic s on t ns fr tt t exi t nce
n evi ng he ns a
i he
ts s us i ur i s o he s e
ofa e or bl ar taton agr em e be w een Pl ntf a D ef nda .The Cour t
n nf cea e bir i
e nt t
ai i f nd
e nt
t hen
eval e t a bir biiy of eac of Pl ntf s cl m s.Fi l he Cour a yzes t
uat s he r t a lt
h
ai if ai
naly,t
t nal
he
pr i t of c
opre y
ompeli ar taton and dim i sng t c e,r hert n s a ng ltga i
lng bir i
s s i he as at ha t yi ii ton
pendi t out e ofa bir ton.
ng he com
r ta i
A. antfsEmplyme Agr e ntha anEn or e bl Ar tain Cl e
Pli l
o nt e me d
f c a e bir to aus
Underor nar contac lw ,a ar taton a e enti e or bl i i m ee st
di y
r t a n bir i gr em
s nf cea e f t t he
a i bl s a e' r quiem ent of a valdl f m ed contac- e. ofer a pt
pplca e t t s e r
s
i y or
r t g. f , cce ance,
c i r ton- a t t nnsar notuncons onabl See M isubihiM ot s 473 U . a
onsde a i
nd he e
e
ci
e.
t s
or ,
S. t
6 Cae v Gu te Aeos c Cop. 4 F.d 1 59,1 68 ( 1h Ci.2 5) Th
27; ly . p r am r pa e r , 28 3 3
3 1 t r 00 . e
pa tes do not diput t e senc of a enf ce e a bir ton cl e i ude i t
ri
s e he xit e
n or abl r ta i
aus ncl d n he
empl e agr m e t Pl ntf s gned i Novem be 2011.M or
oym nt ee nt hat ai if i
n
r
eover Pl ntf does
, ai if
notar t tt em pl e agr m ent whi h c ai a pr s on e i Pl ntf
gue ha he
oym nt ee
, c ont ned
ovii nablng ai if
t optoutoft ar ta i cl e wihi 30 days of sgni t a eem entand w ihout
o he bir ton aus t n
i ng he gr
t
efec i t ot t m s oft agr ent was unc ci
f tng he her er
he eem ,
ons onabl Pl ntf m e e y diput
e. ai i f r l s es
t s
he cope oft ar ta i cl e,A c di y,t Cour pr edst det r i ng whi
he bir ton aus
cor ngl he
t oce
o e m ni
ch
ofPlitf scamsaes j c t abi ain.
anif li r ube t o r t to
r
B. ho ant sCl msAr Sube tt Ar tato
Eac fpli W
ai
e j c o bir in
As a m a t r ofcontac l w ,t s ope ofan ar t a i a eem entde
te
r t a he c
bir ton gr
pends on t
he
i e oft pa tes.
nt nt he ri Seaboar CoastLi R. v.Tr l Trai Co. 690 F. 1343,1352
d
ne R.
aier
n
,
2d
( 1hCi.1 2) Se r v US.HomeCor ,7 So. 63 6 ( a.1 99 .ûW l r ,
1 t r 98 ; fe t .
p. 50 2d 3, 36 F1 9 ) l hee
l
as he e,pa tes conce t t t have agr t a bir t s e m ater pur
r
ri
de ha hey
eed o r ta e om
t s suant t an
o
a bir ton c aus t l ' per isve polci i r pectt a bir i couns t a
r ta i l e, he aw s m s i
i es n es
o r taton
el hat ny
doubt conc ni t s
s
er ng he cope ofar talis s d be r sol i f
bir s ues houl
e ved n avorofa bir ton.'
r ta i '
Gr t Ro k Co.v 1 1 Bh o T a tr ,1 S.Ct 28 7,285 ( 0)(ntra
anie c
. nt d. f e mse s 30
. 4
7 201 i en l
q t to ma ksa ct ton o te ) s e alo Wo l Re al a S e ,LLC v Vov
uo a in r nd ia i s mit d ; e s
rd nt s nd als
. lo
Co sr . z/.Re al,I . 51 F.d 1 40,1 ( 1h Ci.20 ) Thepr s to of
n t.# I
:71 nt s nc, 7 3 2 245 1 t r 08 .
e ump in
ar tabiiy i pa tcul l a i e wher t a bir i cl e i br AT dr.;475
bir lt s ri ary pplcabl
e he r taton aus s oad.
T
U. a 6 0.S oj y t mo tf r e ule i e e ofapumo e t e lde t e cam fo
S. t 5 û nl he s o c f v d nc
l
s o xcu h li r m
a bir ton can pr vai.'1 The El nt Cicui has hel t s
r ta i
e l' d
eve h r t
d hat uch evi nce w il be
de
l
f
ound onl i t pari icl ry e es t r i entt excl c egoresofcl m sf om
y f he tes d ea l xpr s hei nt o
ude at i
ai r
t i ar ta i agr m ent' Pal no v.AvnetComput Tec ,I . 1 F. 1
her bir ton
ee
.' adi
er
hs. nc , 34 3d 054,
1 7( 1h Ci.1 )
05 1 t r 998 .
l t i t ntac i t pl n l
n he ns a
ton, he ai angua oft a bir i cl us i unam bi
ge he r taton a e s
guousy
l
br
oad:
Cover Cl m s i ude a a a1 cl m s or diput bet ee Ass at
ed ai ncl
ny nd 1 ai
s es w n
oci e
and t Company, or t Com pa s pa ent , s i a i , afii es
he
he
ny'
r s ubsdi res flat ,
pr
edeces or a s
s s, nd ucce s cor atons a busnes enttes a is a
s or por i
nd
i s ii , nd t nd
t r of er diec or ,empl s and a s i udi butnotlm ied t
hei sc s, r t s
oyee ,
gent , ncl ng
i t o
c ai s a diput a ii out of or i a w a r atng t A ss a e'
l m nd s es rs ng
n ny y el i o
oci t s
hii
rng or r r t ent t s A gr m e , A s oc a e' e pl ent
ec uim , hi
ee nt
s i t s m oym ,
com pe a i beneft ,and t r s a condii of empl ent wih t
ns ton,
is
e m nd
tons
oym
t he
Compa ort t m i i t r ,i udi butnotlm ied t contac ,
ny, he er naton he eof ncl ng
i t o
r t
t t def aton and ot r com m on 1 w cl m s w age and hour cl m s
or, am i
he
a
ai ,
ai ,
s a ut y di c i i ton, har s ent a r t iton cl m s, a cl m s
t t or
s rm na i
as m s nd e ala i
ai
nd ai
arsng underorr a i t a f r l s a e orl
ii
el tng o ny ede a , t t
ocalconsiuton,s at e or
tt i t ut
r a i i l ng,w iho lm ia i t Fa rLaborSt r Act. .
egul ton, nc udi
t ut i t ton, he i
anda ds
.
( hi t A, ! 1 ( ) DE # 1 p 4 ) Non o t e Excude Cl i f u i
Ex bi
9b,
9- , p. -5 . e f h
l d ams o nd n
4
s bp r g a ( )a ei ia e by Pl i ifsbre i gso pla i s
u a a r ph c r mplc td
antf ifn r e d ng .
A snot Pl ntf doesnotdi put t enf ce lt oft ar taton cl us nor
ed, ai if
s e he or abiiy he bir i
a e
t tFLSA cl m s f unpai w ages f lw ihi t s
ha
ai or
d
al t n he cope ofCover Cl m s.At is i
ed ai
s ue s
whi ofPl ntf sFLSA cl m sm us be s
ch
ai if
ai
t ubm it t ar taton.
ted o bir i
Pl i if s Com pl nt s
a ntf
ai eeks unpai ove tm e wage acc ued si J 26,2009,
d
ri
s r
nce une
s e 28 m ont bef e Pl ntf sgned t A gr em ent Pl ntf ,i hi Res
om
hs or ai if i
he
e
. ai if n s pons a gues
e, r
t t t a bir ton cl e ca
ha he r t a i
aus nnot a y t cl m s t t acc ued bef e he s gne t
ppl o ai
ha
r
or
i d he
f
hs ha a ntf
agr m e t ar t a e and,t ef e, onl t s n a a hal m ont t t Pl i if
ee nt o bir t
her or
y he eve nd
cton n
wor d be ween s gni t A gr ent and flng t a
ke
t
i ng he
eem
ii he bove- t ed a i ca be
syl
com peled t a bir ton.
l o r ta i
4Th cai e rsl e ld dfom abirto ae a plcto f ij nci rle;camsaii
e l ms xpe sy xcu e r r tain r: p iains ornu tve eif li rsng
undert Em pl entRetr entl
he
oym
iem
ncom e Sec iy Actof 1 ,cl msf wor s'compens i or
urt
974' ai or ker
aton
u mply ntbe e is camswi nt ej rs c i oft Nai a La orReainsBoad;a dcl ms
ne o me n ft ; li t h u iditon he ton l b
hi
lto
r n ai
t pr sl p e l e fo a birtonb fdeal ttt o r g ain. bi A, l ( ) DE #9- , 5 .
x e sy r cud d r m r tai y e r sau e r e ulto Exhi t ! 9 c ,
1 p. )
The Cour di agr es.The l nguage oft A gr m enti unam bi
t s e
a
he
ee
s
guousl expa i
y
ns ve.
Pl ntf a eed t ar tat iany a al cl m s or diput ' bet ee Pl ntf and
ai if gr
o bir e s
nd l ai
s es' w n ai if
Def ndantt t i a way r a e t hi hii em pl ent t m i i The cl e
e
ha n ny
elt o s rng,
oym ,or er naton.
aus
cont ns no t por lm ia i I f ct t cl e' l nguage i exce i ly br d a
ai
em al i t ton. n a , he aus s a
s
ptona l oa nd
unm i t bl cove s cl m s or diput t
saka y
r
ai
s es hat a ued bef e Pl i i f s gne t
ccr
or
a ntf i d he
di y he
A gr e . A ccor ngl , t Cour fnds t i m us com pel a bir ton on al of
eem nt5
t i
hat t
t
r tai
1
Pl i if scl na .
antf
ai s
C.Consi r ng M ater O ut de t Compl ntUpon a M oton t D im is
de i
t s si he
ai
i o s s
Be a e alofPlitf scamsae s j c t abtain,t Cou tsa l i
c us l
anif li r ube t o r irto he r' nayss
pr
oceeds t w het t i t nt ac i s d be s a d or di m i s H owever bef e
o
her he nsa
ton houl
t ye
s s ed.
, or
consde i D ef nts M oton t D im is, t Cour m us de e m i w he he t
i rng
enda '
i o s s he
t
t t r ne
t r he
e pl ent a eem ent a a bir ton cl e, whi w e e not r er nced i t
m oym
gr
nd r ta i
aus
ch
r
ef e
n he
Com pl nt m a be consi e upon a M oton t D i is. The Cour not t t
ai , y
der d
i o sm s
t es ha
De e ntsM o i do sn i c t u rwh c Fe e a Ru eofCi lPr e r 1 b)
fnda ' ton e ot ndiae nde ih d r l l
vi oc du e 2(
pr s on De e nt s e dimis l Se Fe R.Ci P. 1 b) Tha i sg fc n
ovii
fnda e ks s s a . e d.
v. 2( . t s iniia t
b c u e dif r n Rul 1 b ve il s f r d s s a h ve dif r n sa a d r g r ng
e a s fe e t e 2( ) h ce o imis l a
fe e t tnd r s e a di
whe m a t r out i t pl adi m ay be consder d w ihout converi a m oton t
n te s sde he e ngs
i e
t
tng
i o
dimisit amoinf s
s s no
to or ummayj gme t
r ud n.
I t moton was br g u de Rue 1 b () f lc of s b e t matr
f he i
ou ht n r l 2()1 or a k
u j c te
j rs c i ,t e t Co r ma c nsd rf c u lmat r ou sd t pla ngs s h a
u iditon h n he u t y o i e a t a te s ti e he e di , uc s
5Ass , t Cour need notaddr t cas cied by Pl ntf bec e t as ume t tt contact
uch he
t
ess he es t
ai if aus hey s
ha he
r
lc e e prs lng g a ou t br ds op oftea btain p o so S e( #1 ,p 3 )
a k d x e s a ua e b t he oa c e h r irto r viin. e DE 0 p. -4 .
t e pl ent agr A nt Se Car i
he nA oynl
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or 75 2d t 64 .
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c ue 1
antf' li r ube t o r tain nd e a s l y
a
j dii lr viw o t abir to d cso c nc r i t s ca mswilbe lmie b t
u c a e e f he r tai n e ii n o e nng he e li
l i td y he
pr s ons of t FAA ,' t Cour exer s is dicr ton t dim i s t cas w ih
ovi i
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rj die Olh r 20
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V
ON
A c di y, afe ca ef c der i a t Cour bei ot r s f l
cor ngl
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t ng he wi e uly
advied, i i O RD ER ED ,A DJUD GED ,a DECR EED t t D ef
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ts
nd
ha
endants M oton t
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i o
Dimis o ,i t e Alena i ,t Sty a t Compe Ar ir ton ( #9) b ,a i
s s r n h tr tve o a nd o
l b ta i DE
e nd s
her
eby,GR AN TED .Pl ntf i CO M PELLED t s i hi cl m s t a bir i a
ai if s
o ubm t s ai o r taton nd
t c s i DI I
he a e s SM SSED wih pr j c . e Clr i dr ce t CLOSE t sc e
t e udi e Th e k s ie t d o
hi as .
DO N E AND O RD ER ED i Cha be s a t J es La r
n
m r t he am
w ence Ki Feder
ng
al
J tc Buidi a Unied St t Courhous , M i i Fl i t s 9t day of
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