Davis v. Raymond et al

Filing 58

ORDER denying 35 Motion to Dismiss. Signed by Chief Judge Federico A. Moreno on 5/13/2013. (tkn)

U NI
TED STATES DI
STRI CO UR T FOR THE
CT
SOUTHERN DI
STRI OF FLORJ
CT
DA
M i m iD i s o
a
vi i n
C a e N um ber 12s
: 22578- V - O R EN O
CI M
A U BREY D A VI a k/ D JM I ,
S / a
XX
Pl n i f
ai t f ,
V S.

USHER TERRY RAYM OND a k/ USHER,
/ a
SONY M USI ENTERTAI EN T, CHARD
C
NM
RI
PRESTON BUTLER a k/ RI
/ a
CO LOV E,
ANDREW HARR a/ a D RU BRETT,
k/
J
ERM AI J
NE ACKSON a k/ M AYNE ZAYNE,
/ a
A LG ERN OD LAN I W A SHI GTON a k/
ER
N
/ a
PLI EM I APRI M U SI ,I . N OTTW G
ES,
L
C NC ,
D ALE SON GS, I C. TRAC- - ELD
N ,
N FI
ENTERTAW M EN T,LLC,a UR-V M USI
nd
I
C,
l C.
N ,
D e e nt .
f nda s
/
O RD ER DEN Y I G M O TI N TO D I I A N D M O TI N TO JO I
N
O
SM SS
O
N

THI CAUSE c m ebe or t Cour upo
S
a
f e he
t nDef nda Noti Da e' M otont Dim isa
e nt tng l s i o s s nd

M otont J nPurua t Fed. Ci P.1 e , e8, e1 b)7 , e1 andSe ton501b)
i o oi s nto
R. v. 2() Rul Rul 2( ( ) Rul 9
ci
(
oft CopyrghtAc ( E. 35) fl onJanuar 22. 3.OnJ y1 201 Pl ntf Aubry
he
i
t D. No. ,ied
y 201
ul 3, 2, ai if e
Da sfldt ss ta i tDef nda sf c i i rnge e .De e ntNoti Da eSongs
vi ie hi ui gans
e nt or opyrght nfi m nt f nda
tng l
,
I f l d t pr e m oton o J ua y 22, 3, eq tng am or de i t sat m e underFe a
nc. ie he es nt i n an r
201 r ues i
e f nie t e nt
der l

Rul of viPr e e1 e .Alenatvel Noti Daese dimis ofheco ai purua
e Ci l oc dur 2() tr i y, tng l e ks s sal t mpl nt s nt

t Rul 1 b ( )f rfiu et j i apat u d rRue 1 . Fo t ef lo n ra o s t eCo r
o e 2()7 o al r o on ry n e l 9 r h ol wig e s n , h u t
rj csb t o No t gDae sc n e to sa dd ne i mo in
ee t oh f ti
n l' o tni n n e is t to .
s

1 FACTUAL BACK GROUND
.

Plitf Da i i a e tb ih dmu i p o u e, o n e gn e, n dicj c yi S u h
anif v s s n sa ls e sc r d c r s u d n ie r a d s o ke n o t
Fl i l e l 2009,
orda. n ary
Davi i se s tntala nt ofhi tm ean m one t
s nve td ubsa i mou s
si
d
yo
i pe ntycompos a pr e a orgi lm usc la r nge e .Aswa hi pr c ie,
nde nde l
e nd oduc n i na
ia ra m nt
s s a tc he
e ild t sc
ntte hi omposton ç 1 09'afe t dae on whih he fna iedt c e ton oft wor
ii ç 5- ' tr he t
5c
i lz he r a i
he k.
Da saddii nal c eaeda s nd r or ng t embody t c
vi
to ly r t
ou ec di o
he omposton.0n Ocobe 1 2009,
ii
t r ,

Davi r se e $ 1 09'a t s
s egitr d 1 5- ' nd he ound r cor ng wih t Unied Stt sCopy i Ofk e i
5e di
t he t
ae
rght t n
c
ompla e wih t f r Copy ihtAc,r ce vi r gitaton num be SRu 921 1
inc t he ede al
rg
t e i ng e sr i
r
- 06.
W ih t co plt d s
t he m e e ound r c di ofç 1 09,' vi colabor t wih l larit
e or ng ( 5- 'Da s l aed t oca ts
5-

Oma iHodget r or Hodg svoca son t oft orgi lm usc c
r
o ec d
e'
l
op he i na
i al omposton. Thi
ii
s
coo r tv e f tr ule i as ndr or nge ild d e ' Go't Da si e
pe ai e for es t d n ou ec di ntte i ts 'hat vi ntndedt us f
o e or

t pr
he omoton ofhi orgi t5 1 09' e ton.To t se l e ' Go'wa pe f med i
i
s i nal d- 5- 'cr a i
hi nd, t ts ' s ror
n
ni c ubst oughoutM im iDadeCount a s be me al alhi.Da sand Hodgealo
ghtl hr
a y nd oon ca
oc t vi
s
upl de t E ' Go'r c di ont YouTubei Se e r2009 a e a ld co e oft
oa d he iets ' e or ng o
n pt mbe
nd m ie pi s he

s n i MP3f r tt rd ods j c e str u ho tteae icu n Ga yLe so W EDRogn
o ma o a i ic o k y h o g u h ra n ldig r wi f
FM 99J m z
a .

Upon r eptofS tsGo, Lewi e e s af
ec i
te '
'
'
s xpr s ed ondnes f rt s a Da s s
s o he ong nd vi'
unde l i m usc lc
ry ng
i a ompo ii
ston.Fo ape i oft we s
r rod wo eks Lewi plye % e ' Go'
s a d t ts '
co it nty on hi da l mi s . Le sa s s ese t Da st thef wa d ç5- 09' o
nsse l
s iy x how
wi lo ugg t d o vi ha
or r $ 15- 't
o he a tssf rt pup os ofr c di ane rve son wih be trvocas t e e nci
t r rit o he
e e or ng
we r i
t te
l, her by nha ng
t wo k' c
he r s hanc sf as on 99 J mz' r gulrr ai n. Davi t r fe at mpt d t wor
e or pot
n s e a ot to
s he ea tr te e o
k
wih ot rl a s
t he oc l ongwrtr t add ne l i a cr a eanew r cor ng.
ie s o
w yrcs nd e t
e di
-

2-

l t i e i ,Le ss ug pe m iso f rt pl e e ofS tsGo'on 99J m z'
n he nt rm
wi o ht r s i n o he ac m nt t '
Le
'
a s

r ul rr t ton fom Kha e bi AbdulKha e t r o sa i sa ssa pr a die t r I
eg a o a i r
ld n
l d, he adi tton' s it nt ogr m r c o . n
doi s Le spr ded Khald wih ac ofç atsGo. Att tme,Khal alo owned a
ng o, wi ovi
e t opy i e '
l
'
' he i
ed s
ma e e compa c ld W et Be tM a ge e whe ehea t d asbot ar or pr uc r
nag m nt
ny ale
he s na m nt r
ce
h ec d od e
a r co d lbe e cu i Thr h t sposton,Khal m a ged t c r r ofDe e nt
nd e r a l xe tve. oug hi
ii
ed na
he a ee s
f nda s

J r aneJ c on a M dr w Ha r Khald alo c l bor t d wih De e nt Al r Lanir
e m i a ks nd
e
r.
e s ola a e t f nda s ge nod
e
W a hi on a Us rTe r Ra
s ngt nd he ry ymond t pr duc an r e e s r lm usc r cor ngsa
o o e d elas eve a
ial e di
nd
sudi abum s
t o l
.

Da snow a lgest Khaed dei r d aco ofç e ' Go't J ks a Ha t
vi
le hat l
lve e
py i ts 'o ac on nd m hus
gi ng t a e st ç 1 09.'M or ove , vi cli t tt Cour c i e De e
vi hem cc s o ç 5- '
5e r Da s a ms ha he
t an nf r f ndant'
s
a e st ç 1 09'fom t e e i pl yofç e ' Go'on 99 J m zaswe la t s s
cc s oû 5- ' r he xt nsve a
5t ts '
a
l s he ong'
popul rt i M im ini ht l .Fr t sa c s, vi as e t t tDe e
a iy n n
g cubs om hi c es Da s s rs ha f ndan si r a e $5t nco por t d :

1 09'wihouta horz i i o t rown de i atv wor Specfc ly,
5- ' t
ut iaton nt hei
rv i e k.
ii a l Davi m a nti t t
s i a ns ha

Dee nt ce tdamusc lwor entte çle Da ( ddy' Home't ti basdupona
fnda s rae
ia k ild tly ddy Da s
l'ha s e
nd
srki y sm ia t hi orgi ç5- - 'c
ti ngl i lr o s i nal $ 15 09' omposton.De e ntRa
ii
f nda
ymond t n r co de hi
he e r d s
voc sov t aleg i rngi wor a i ude t s on hi a bum 4Ray ond v.
al er he l ed nfi ng
k nd ncl d he ong
s l
ç m

Ra
ymond. Thes wasr e e i De e be 2009 a wa s d ast fr tU. sngl f
'
'
ong
elas d n c m r
nd s ol
he is S. i e or
t abum , a nga numbe t nt f on t Bil r Hot1 c r a num be t on t
he l
pe ki t
r we p our he lboa d
00 ha t nd
r wo he
HotR& B/-p-- Songsc r.
li l op
l l
ha t
On J y 1 201 Da sbr ug t sa ton a i tDe e nt f c i
ul 3, 2, vi o ht hi c i gans f nda s or opyrght
i rnge e tofhi orgi l15- 5- ' c poston.A st s e a hor o 15- 5- ' D a s
nf i m n
s i na i 1 09 ' om ii
he ol ut
f ç 1 09,' vi

c am st tDef nda s una horze us oft composton vi aed hi rght a t c i
l i ha
e nt ' ut i d e he
ii ol t s i s s he opyrght

-

3-

owne .De e ntNoti Da eha now fld t smoton s e ng dimis loft co i ht
r f nda
tng l s
ie hi
i e ki
s sa
he pyrg
i rnge tc am o t g ounds Fis,Noti Dal m ove f ramor de i t saeme
nfi men l i n wo r
. rt
tng e
so
e fnie t t nt

u d rRue 1 ( ) S c n , ti Daes e sds sa o tec mp an u e Rue 1 ( )7 fr
n e l 2 e . e o d No t
ng l e k imisl f h o lit nd r l 2 b ( ) o

fiu et j nOmai d ea ap ryp ru n t Rul 1
al r o oi
r Ho g s a t u s a t o e 9.
I DI
I. SCUSSI
ON

A.No t gDae'Mo inf raMo eDe i Sttme t
ti
n l s to o
r fnt a e n
e
l ism o i Noti Dal i ta l r sst tt Cou tdimi st c
n t ton, tng e niily eque t ha he
r s s he ompli f
a nt or

a iu t pu s a tt Ru e1 () Und rRue 1 () ta pat ma mo ef ramo ed fnt
mbg iy ru n o l 2 e . e l 2 e,$ q ry y v o
(
r ei i
e
sa e ntofapla ngt whih a r s i pl di i alowe butwhi h i s va o
t t me
e di o c e ponsve ea ng s l d
c s o gue r

a guoust tt pa t cn r s yprpaears e. Fe R. v.P.1 e.A co t
mbi
ha he ry nnot eaonabl e r epons ' d. Ci
'
2()
ur
wilgr nts h am oton whe e $ pl ntf t bi c pli i s ambi
l a uc
i
r t ai ifs ur d om a nt s o
a
guouss t i i
uch hat t s

C rual i sbl t know whih algai offc a ei e dt s r whihcli s f
vit ly mpos i e o
c le tons a t r ntnde o uppo t c amt) or
r le .'Z
ei f'' ybur v.
o NCSPI S I , 8:2- 1 TU , nc.No. 1 cv- 065- 30TBM ,201 U. Dit LEXI 8
2 S. s.
S 6741 a
,t

* ( . F a J n 2 2 2 ( u tn An es nv Dit Bd o r . fce t Fl.C-/ Col, 7
2 M D. l . u e 2, 01 ) q oi g d r o . s. . fT s O n . a y. l 7
.
F. 36 366( 1h Ci.1
3d 4,
1 t r 996:.Howe r Se r c t ge rlydifvormoi f amo e
ve,ç deal ours neal sa
f
tons or r
defnie satm e . Eur RSCG Diec Repons ,LLC v Gr e Buli Fi Se v . $7 F.
i t t e nt'
' o
r t s e
. e n lon n. r s, 2

S p 2 1 5 ,1 5 ( D. a 201 ) S-eb ssf rg a tn amoi nfrmo ed fnt
u p. d 3 3 3 8 S. Fl. 2 . t h a i o rn ig
l
to o r ei i
e
sae e i uni e lgi lt no lc ofdeai;a l a t de e
tt m nt s nt li biiy, t a k
t l s ong s he f ndan i a et r pond, n
t s bl o es
eve

i o l wi smp ed n a,n g o fi wih u p eu ie t ec mpan i d e ds fiin .
f ny t i l e ili o d at t o t rj dc ,h o lit s e me u fce t'
h
h,
'
SEC v Di t Li wave I . 196F. D.698,700( . Fl 2000 .
. gial ght , nc,
R.
M D. a. )
He e, tng Da ec endst tt c
r Noti
l ont
ha he ompli ti uncla a t bo h wha c i wa
an s
er s o t
t opyrght s
i rng a who owne t c lbor ton ç a ' Go. n pa tculr Noti Da e
nfi ed nd
d he ola a i i ets '
t
'I ri a , tng l
-

4-

a knowl dge t tt compl ntaleg i rnge e ofDa s srght i % 15 09, buti
c
e s ha he
ai l es nfi m nt
vi ' i s n t - '
5' t
i it t tt c
nsss ha he ompli i i De e n s'i rnge e ofDa s srght i C e ' Go'a
ant mples f nda t nfi m nt
vi' i s n t ts ' s
wel.Furhe mor Noti Dae a s t t tt compl i i ambi uousr ar ng t ownerhi
l
t r e, tng l s ers ha he
ant s
g
eg di he
s p
ofl tsGo.'Howe r i a s e f o t al gai nst tOm a iHodgehasan o r hi
te '
'
ve , t s um s r m he le to ha
r
wne s p
i e es ast s ce oft s s voc l .
nt r t he our
he ong'
as

Davi a m a l def
s dn nty endshi compl ntsa lga i ofc i hti rng m e . l hi
s
ai ' le tons opyrg nfi e nt n s

esi ton,hehaspl nl aleg hi sausast s ec i owne oft 1 09'e ild t
tma i
ai y l ed s t t
he ol opyrght
r $ 5- ' ntte o
5excusveus oft c
l i
e he omposton aswe la De e
ii
l s f ndan s c e ton ofa obvi ,u ut i e
t' r ai
n
ous na horz d
d i tveofç5 5- ' M or ov , de e t tt c pl nti a way i ist
erva i
$-l 09.
'
e er he ni s ha he om ai n ny
mple he
i rnge e ofhi rght i a wor ot rt f 1 09.'
nfi m nt
s i s n ny k he han ç 5- '
5Si et c
nc he ompli une voc lyaleg an i rngeme ofDavi srght a t
ant qui al l es nfi
nt
s' i s s he
c i owne of$5 1 09,'t Cour de esNoti Dal smoton f am or defnie
opyrght
r :- 5- ' he
t ni
tng e'
i or
e i t
satme .Thecompl ntnmpl an ditnc l a s rst tDavi i s ki dn esf
t e nt
ai
y d si ty s e t ha
s s ee ng mag or
De e
f ndan s aleg i rngeme oft co i hti 45 5 09,' nd 15 1 09,aone.Se P1'
t ' l ed nfi
nt he pyrg n 1-1 - 'a 1- 5- 5 l
e .s

F rt Co . !5 7 , 9 , 3 5 , 0- , 3 6 , 8 69 71 7 - 4 78 1 8 Da i
is Am. mpl! , -8 4 -51 5 , 6 6 . 6 , 5 6 - , , 3 7 , -8 , 3. v s
61
nowhe e i ist thei as e tng acai f rt i rnge ntofa rg shehol i ç e '
r mple ha
s s ri
l m o he nfi me
ny i ht
ds n t ts
Go. Theownerhi off tsGo' i t ir l ntt t sm a tra t us oft twor i not
'
'
s p te '
' s hus reeva o hi te s he e ha
k s
a is Addii l Da sma i unm it ka ycla t thei t s eowne a aut of
t s ue.
tonaly, vi kes t
sa bl e r ha
s he ol
r nd hor
$5- 09. Ther i no ba i t f rNoti Dae' c t nton t ti c
1 15- 5
'
es
s s hen o
tng l s on e i ha t nnno r as
t e onabl r s
y e pond
t Da s sc
o vi ' ompl i . l d,No tng Dal a a st ha r te ed fo t sc le asi
ant ndee
ti
e ppe r o ve er at r m hi ha lnge t

f l t a e sDa ssc ntrs et is1 e moton.TheCou tt rf ede esNoti
aied o ddrs vi' oge e pons o t 2() i
r heeor ni
t
ng
Da e' m o i f a m or de i t s a em e .
l s ton or
e fnie t t nt
-

5-

B.No t gDae'Mo int Dimis o Fal r t J i
ti
n l s to o s s f r iu e o on
Noti Dae ne con e t tt Co tmus dim isDa s scompl i unde Rul
tng l xt t nds ha he ur
t s s vi'
ant
r e

1 ( )7 frfi r t j i Omai d ea ap ryp ru n t Ru e1 1W h na ay ig
2 b ( ) o al e o o n r Ho g s at u s a t o l 9. e n lzn
u
moin t d s s p e s du o tefiuet j narq ie p ry c u t i t eElv n h
to s o imis rmie p n h alr o oi e u rd a t, o rs n h e e t

Cic iu iieat -tpa ay i.UntdSa e v To h me o n sLa eHOA, n .No.
rut tlz wo se n lss ie tts . wn o s fKig k
I c,
8 1 -v 2 9 - 3 TGW , 3U. Dit LEXI 29 69 a * ( . Fl. r 52 3 .
:2 c - 2 8 T- 3
201 S. s.
S 2 , t 7 M D. a Ma . 01 )
Fis,hec u t s a c ranu d rt esa d r so Rue1 ( ) eh rt e
rtt o r mu t s e ti n e h tn ad f l 9 a wh te h
p ro i q eto i o whos o l be o n di f ai e l t p ro s o l b
es n n u si n s ne
h ud j i e f e sbl. f he e s n h ud e
j ie b t n n t( e a s fre a e j n e wo l d v s tec u t
on d u c n o b c u e o x mpl,oid r ud i et h o r of
j rs ito )t e tec u t tiq iewh t e , p y n t ef co se u rtd
u idcin h n h o r mus n ur eh r a pli g h a tr n meae
i Rul 1 b) t ltgai ma c i
n e 9( ,he ii ton y ontnue.
Fo u o t eFa l v Piel sSu c a tT a st t. 3 4F.d 1 6 ,1 0( 1hCi. 0 3
c s n h mi . n la n o s r n iAuh , 4 3 2 3 28 1 t r 2 0 )
y
(uoi Chale geHome ,I v.Gr atrNa e Car Ct.I ,669F. 667,669( 1hCi.
q tng
ln
s nc. e e pls e r, nc.
2d
1t r

1 8 :.Ass mmaie b ti Co r:
92
u rz d y h s u t
Thefr tpa toft t tm i b m or cla l t rt a i vi t
is r he es ght e
e e ry mde sood s nvol ng wo

q e t ns wh t e ten npat s ul b j ie a dwh t e j id ri f a il.
u si : eh r h o - ry ho d e on d n eh r on e s e sbe
o
W h r b t an n a t s o db j n da dj id ri f a il,h no pat i
e e oh o p ry h ul e oie n on e s e sbe te n ry s
S eq r d'orç es a y'butnotne es a iy ii s ns bl ' l s t purua t
t uie ' û
r
nec s r '
c s rl çndipe a e. f o,hen s n
'

t Rue1 ()2 ,heCo r mu to d rta tepes nbema eap ry r te t a
o l 9 a () t
u t s r e h t h ro
d a t, ah r h n
d s s .Th , imis l o fiu et j i a i ds e s bep ryi o l
imis us d s sa f r alr o on n n ip n a l a t s n y
a o i t wher t no ry c nnotbe m ade a pa t
ppr pra e
e he npa t a
r y.

M i- nie t s Co v Ba d o, 0 - 4 3 2 0 U. DitLEXI 1 3 81 a * -8( D.
d co t n Ca . . . s e No. 8 61 7 , 0 9 S. s.
n
S 2 9 , t 7 S.
Fl.Aug.7, )
a
2009 .
l t sc e, tng Daehasnota gue t tHodgec nno bem a apa t ort t
n hi as Noti
l
r d ha
a t
de
ry ha

1Not gDaeatr tv l asrsta teCo rs o l, th v r latod rDa st j i Ho g a a
ti l l naiey set h th ut h ud a te ey e s, re vi o on d e s
n
e
n c sayp ryu d rRul 1 () Ad iin l , tigDaen tsta teCo yih Ac p r t teCo rt
e esr at n e e 9 a. dto al Not
y
n l oe h th p rg t t emi h uto
s
ie ui tej id r.. o a ypes nha igo camiga itr s i t c p rg t' 1 U.. j5 ()(01 )
t q r h on e . f n ro vn r li n n neetn he o yih ' 7 SC. 01b 2 3.
r e
Th Co r wi rs lete eatmaiec nc to si i ds uso o Not gDaes1 ( ()moint ds s.
e u t l eov h s le tv o tnin n t ic sin f ti l' 2b)7 t o imis
l
s
n
o
-

6-

n l an t
j id ri n tfa il.Sic j id rof d ei t sp e u byfa i l, tigDaec n o
on e s o e sbe n e on e Ho g s hu r s ma l e sbe No t
s e dimis ofDa ssco ai unde Rul 1 b)7) ei Rahe,Noti Dal ma at
e k s sal
vi' mpl nt r e 2( ( .Se d t r tng e y

mos r q e t h t h Co r o d rDa st j i Ho g a an c sayp ryun e Rue 1 ()2 .
t e u s t a t e u t r e vi o on d e s e e sr a t d r l 9 a( )
Seei a #7. TheCour wilt r f enow pr ee t de e mi whehe Hodgei anec s ay
d t
t l he e or
oc d o t r ne
t r
s
esr

p rywh s j i e i rq ie .
a t o e ond r s e ur d
Ru e1 ()rq ie tej id ro apes nt oi s be t os r ieo p o e sa d
l 9 a e ur s h on e f ro i s u j c t e vc f r c s n
wh

wh ej id rwi n t e rv tec u t fs be tma e j rs ito 'f i r
os on e l o d p i e h o r o u j c- u r u id cin'i et ;
l
he
( i t a pes n' a e c ,h c u t a n t c o dc mplt rle a n
A) n h t ro s bsn e te o r c n o a c r o ee eif mo g
e itn p ris o ( ta p ro camsa itr s rlt t tes b e to te
x sig a t ; r B) h t e s n li n ne et eai o h u j c f h
e
ng
a ton a i s st td t tdiposngoft a ton i t pe s sa enc m a
c i nd s o iuae ha s i
he c i n he ron' bs e y:

()a aprcialmatri i ori
i s a tc te mpar mpedet pes sa lt t pr e tt
he ron' biiy o otc he
itr s; r(i la ea e itn p rys be to as bsa ta rs of n u rn
nee t o i e v n x sig at u j c t u tnil ik i c rig
)
doubl muli e orot r s i onsse oblgai nsbe us oft i e es.
e, tpl ,
he wie nc it nt i to
ca e he nt r t

Fe . Ci. 1 ()1.
d R. v P. 9 a( )
Asi a gue i ismoton f am o ede i t sae e , tng Da emai ai i is
tr dnt
i or
r fnie t tm nt Noti
l
nt ns n t

moint c mp lon e t a Da i' c mpan alg sifig me t ft ec p rg ti ç vts
t o o e j id r h t vss o li t l e n rn e n o h o y ih n s e'
o
e
l
Go, awor t tN o tng Dal cli swa c owne by bo h Da sa Hodge.Se De .sM ot
'
'
k ha ti
e am
s od
t vi nd
e f'
.
t Dim isa M ot t J n 4.Alho h ismoton i uncla , tng Dae a ar t cai t t
o s s nd
. o oi
t ug t
i s
e r Noti
l ppe s o l m ha

t valdiy oft c i sf bot l tsGo'a 15- 5- 'i a is be aus Da swil
he i t
he opyrght or h t '
Le
' nd 1 1 09' s t s ue c e vi l
ne d t e t bls hi owne s p oft co i sf bot wor t pr vehi c ef r
e o sa ih s
r hi
he pyrght or h
ks o o
s as o

ifi g me t Ci n c s 1w fo o tiet scrui, tigDaec n e d t a lond r
n rn e n . t g a e a r m u sd hi ic tNo t
i
n l o tn s h tj i e
s d beor r d i c i i rnge e ca e 1fa is i r s d a t t valdiyoft
houl
de e n opyrght nfi m nt s s i n s ue s aie s o he i t
he

c p rg tu o whc terg t o tep ro t b j ie , swel st o eo teplitf,
o y ih p n ih h i hs f h e s ns o e on d a la h s f h anif
rs.' I a 7( i Whine W/ l?fNor os Asocs,I .v TheAr hiecsColabor ie
et'' d t quotng t y, wttt cr s s . nc .
c t t l atv ,

-

7-

l c, . 0 1 5 - 1 9 U. Dit LEXI 2 , t* ( Ma s J n. ,1 91
n .No 9 - 1 21Z, 9 1 S. s.
S 25 a 4 D. s . a 4 9 :.
Mo e v r No t gDaeag e ta Rue 1 ( )1( r q ie j id rof d ea ap ry
ro e , ti
n l r u s h t l 9 a( )B) e ur s on e Ho g s a t
cami ga itr s i t s be tmatro t ea to I p riu a, tigDaebeiv sta a
li n n ne et n he u j c te f h cin. n a t lr No t
c
n l le e h t
de e mi ton oft va i t oft c i si Hodge' a e wili i Hodge' a lt t
t r nai
he ldiy he opyrght n
s bs nce l mpar
s biiy o

p oe t i itrs i t ewo k .Ad iin l , ti gDaeman anst t u g nt eewil
r tc h s n ee t n h r s d t al No t
o y
n l iti ha aj d me h r l

s be tDee d n st ars o mu t l lws isa dic nsse tu me t s o l Ho g s ei
u jc fn a t o ik f li e a ut n n o itn j dg n s h u d d e u n
p
tef tl .l as a s rsta afiu et j i Ho g wo l d fa t eCo r' i ee ti a
h ut e t lo se t h t alr o on d e ud ee t h u ts ntr s n
r
c
ompl ea e t e s tl ntoft c r r y.
et nd fki nt e teme
he ontove s
Noti Dae howev t esa c usng t ' i isr as ng i isr pl t Da ss
tng l
er ak
onf i ul n t e oni n t e y o vi '
n

rs o s .Frti a s rsta ç tsGo'saj i t r r te ta ad rv t ewo kwihj it
e p n e is,t se t h tte ' 'i o n wo k ah r h n eiai r t on
v
owne s p s e bewe Davi a Hodge om t s No tng Dae a a st i i t t t
r hi har d t en
s nd
.Fr hi , ti
l ppe r o nsnua e ha

Ho g i aj it wn ro 1 - 5 0 ' S c n , ti Daeo fr a a ao yt r a e tt lw
d e s on o e f 1 1 - 9. e o d No t
5
'
ng l fes n n lg o e l sae a
a s p o to is on e a g me t ag igta Ho g i atn n i c mmo wi Da i t r u h
s u p r f r t j id r r u n , r un h t d e s e a t n o n t v s h o g
h
t rc owne s p. Si tna si comm o ar i s ns epari i f e os ea tons
hei or hi
nce e nt n
n e ndipe abl tes n or cl ur c i ,

Not gDaeu g st eCo r t ra h ac mp rbec n l so r g r i j ito r i te
ti l r e h u to e c o a a l o cu i n e adng on wnes n h
n
c i tc e .
opyrgh ont xt

I r pons Da sonc a i a fr st the i t s e owne a a horof1 1 09,'
n es e, vi
e gan fim ha
s he ol
r nd ut
ç 5- 'a
5wor t thei pende l r se e wih t Copyrg Ofi e.Furhe mor he de e t thi
k ha
nde
nty egit r d t he
i ht fc
t r e,
ni s ha s

c p rg tifig me tcam e tn st a ywo ksb y n 1 - 50 ' Da i t ee o erj cs
o y ih n rn e n li x e d o n r e o d i 1 - 9. vs h r f r ee t
5
'
an a tmptb Noti Daet c r ce ie Hodge,ac rbut s el t t de i i wo k
y te
y
tng l o ha a trz
onti or ol y o he rvatve r
d e ' G o, a a ne es a y pa t i a a ton i vi onl t unde l ng c poston. Thus
t ts ' s
'
c s r r y n n c i nvol ng y he
ryi om ii

e ni Hodgeha a i ntfa ei e e ti i tsGo,' vi not t tj 1 b)oft
ve f
s n de iibl ntr s n i ' 'Da s es ha 03(
Le
he
-

8-

CopyrghtAc e e aco i hti aderva i wor t yt t m a e i c rbut by t
i
t xt nds pyrg n
i tve k ç
onl o he t ral onti ed he
a ho ofs h wor a ditnguihed fo t pr xitng ma e i lempl
ut r uc
k, s si s
r m he ee si
t ra
oyed i t wor a
n he k, nd

doesnoti ya e usverg i t pre si mae il' 1 U. C.j 1 b)( 3 .
mpl ny xcl i iht n he e xitng tra. 7 S.
'
03( 201 )

F n l a s mi frt emo n t a Ho g s me o i aj ito e o ç - 50 ,
i al su ng o h me t h t d e o h w s on wn r f ( 1 - 9'
y,
5
'
Da i ctsan mb ro c s sf rtep o osto ta aj it e i n t e uie t j i oh r
v s ie u e f a e o h r p iin h t on own r s o rq rd o on te
coowne si a a i n f ri rnge e bec us s h a i doesnotc li o quesi t
r n n cto o nfi m nt a e uc cton
al nt
ton he
vai t oft co i ht e eg. Ke nelRe dsty v M ose No.09- 1 Ci T0RRES,
ldiy he pyrg .Se , . , r
cor ? . ly,
2 597- v-

2 0U. Dit LEXI 6 4 4 a * 5( D. a J l 5 2 0 Cdlo n e wil ed sr bewh r
01 S. s.
S 9 2 , t 4 S. Fl. uy , 01 ) lq i d r l b e ia l ee
v i t oft co i i c le d s h t tt out
aldiy he pyrght s ha lnge uc ha he comeoft ltgaton ma pe ma nty
he ii i
y r ne l

afc t rght oft c owne,butnotwhe ei rng ntaonei alge '( i Shad
fe t he i s he o- r
r nfi eme l s le d. quotng
'
y
Re or ,I .v Sour eEntr.I .No.03Ci 9944( ,2004U. Dit LEXI 261 a
c ds nc . c e s, nc,
v.
GEL)
S. s.
S 43, t

* 3( D. Y. a 3 2 0 ) I l ewihtep r s so Ru el , v sa g e t a s c
5 S. N. J n. , 0 5 :. n i t h upo e f l 9 Da i r u s h t u h
n
i rng m e aci do notl n t rs ofm uli el ws t fom non- ry c owne sagans
nfi e nt tons
' he ik
u
tpl a uis r
pa t or
i t

d fn a t.W h r a ifig me t cin rs l i p y n offl d ma e t aj ito r
ee d ns ee n n rn e n a to e ut n a me t u l a g s o on - wne
s
panift en n p ryj n o e wo l b igaf tr a t n a ans teo i ia pli iff ra
litf,h o - a t oit wn r ud rn uu e ci g i t h rgn l ant o
o
f
di son oft da a s nota ns t o i nalde e ant Thus s dt Cour e e a
vii
he m ge ,
gai t he rgi
f nd .
, houl he
t ntr

j d me tn fv ro Da i a ans Dee a t, d ewo l b igaftr a to a ans Da i
u g n i a o f vs g i t fnd ns Ho g u d rn u u e cin g i t v s
f rt r c r ofapori oft d m a ,notagans De e nt. Ne rhe e s Da s
o he e ove y
ton he a ges
i t f nda s
ve t l s , vi

sr n l rj csNo t gDaesca sfc to o % 1 - 9' sa ont r .
to gy ee t t n l' lsiiain f f 5 0 'a j i wo k
i
5Si eDavi hasonl as e td acli f t i rnge e oft c i hti $ 1 09,
nc
s
y s re
am or he nfi m nt he opyrg n t 5- '
5'
awor i whih Hodgehasno i e es, heCour fndst tHodge i notanec s r pa t unde
kn c
nt r t t
t i ha
s
es a y ry
r

Ruel () Asn tdi t ds u so o temoin f ramo ed fn t sae n, v si
l 9 a . o e n he ic s in f h to o
r eiie ttme tDa i s

abu ntyclari hi c pli t hi i rnge ntc am i pr mied s e yon t
nda l e n s om a nt hat s nfi me l i s e s oll
he

u a t o ie us o i - 5 0 . S ePl' Fis Am. mpl! 5 7 , 9 , 3 5 6 - , 3
n u h rz d e f t 1 - 9' e .s rt Co . ! , -8 4 -51 5 , 6, 0 61 6 ,
5
'
65 68-69,71 73-74,78-81 83.Des t Noti Dal sa tm pt t ar ot rwie,ç 1 09'
,
,
,
pie tng e' te s o gue he s $ 5- '
5-

i smpl n taj itwok a Ho g h dn ha di t wo k' ce to o rc r n .AsNo t g
s i y o on r s d e a o n n he r s r ai n r e odig
ti
n
Dae is l a knowldge ,i i t r s tng co n i ofa lrc s ' and c
l te f c
e s t s he e uli
mbi aton
y iits
ompos r s
e'

c nrb to st a ma r s li aj i wo k wihe c p ryo igç nu ii ditrs i t e
o tiui n h t y e ut n ont r t a h at wnn s ndvde n ee tn h
a
c mb n dpr d c o terrs ciee frs' De ' Re yt P1' Re p 2(mp a i a d d
o i e o u t f h i epe tv fo t. f s pl o . s . e h ss d e )
'
s
( u tn Br wnv Mc r c , F Su p. d5 4 6 5( M d. 9 :.T sç tsGo' y
q o ig o . co mik 23 . p 2 9 , 0 D. 1 98 hu te' 'ma

b aj i t r wihs a e o es i b t e Da i a dHo g , u t a fc i e t ey
e o n wo k t h rd wn rh p ewe n vs n d e b t h t a t s ni l
r
i ae ilhe ea l tsG0'i nota i s i t sm at r Be aus t alege i rnge ntof
mm tra r s ie '
5s
t s ue n hi te . c e he l d nfi me

tec pyih i $ - 5 0 5i t s l is ei ti c s , d eha noitr s i t es be t
h o rg t n 1 1 - 9's he oe su n h s a e Ho g s ne e tn h u j c
5
ma troft saci n.Nori t r an as e ton byNoti Dae t tt Cour c
te
hi to
s he e y s ri
tng l ha he
t nnnota or
cc d
c plt r le a
om e e ei f mong t e si pa tes nc Noti Da ec nno s tsy e t rpr oft
he xitng ri .Si e tng l a t aif ihe ong he

Rue 1 () n lss t eCo r d n e ismo int c mp l on e .
l 9a a ay i,h u t e is t to o o e j id r
1 1 C O N CLU SI N
1.
O
Fo t a
r he bove r a ons i i
e s ,t s

ADJUDGED t tDe e ntNoti Dal sM o i n t Dim isa M oto t J n
ha f nda
tng e' to o s s nd
i n o oi
-

1
0-

Pu s a tt Fe R. v P. 2()Rul 8 Rul 1 ( )7 , l 1 a dSe to 5 ( )o t
ru n o d. Ci . 1 e , e , e 2 b ( ) Rue 9 n cin 01b f he
CopyrghtAc ( E.No. ,fl o January22. 3,i DENI
i
t D.
35) ied n
201 s
ED.

DONE AN D ORDERED i Cha be sa M i ,Fl i ,t s
n
m r t ami orda hi

da ofM a 201
y
y, 3.

FEDE O A O N 0
UN I
TED A TES DI
STRI J D GE
CT U
Copi spr vi d t
e o de o:

Co e ofRe or
uns l
c d