JMA, Inc. et al v. Biotronik SE & Co. KG

Filing 176

OMNIBUS ORDER on Motions for Summary Judgment granting in part and denying in part 116 Motion for Summary Judgment; granting in part and denying in part 123 Motion for Summary Judgment. Signed by Judge Patricia A. Seitz on 9/29/2014. (tpl)

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( 1 1a 34.
DE- 26- t )
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DE- 26 t 0.
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n
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( otoni Gema e ee i oaorgi le pme manufcurr( )a e me wih a
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6

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t
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t
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On M a 25,2011 Bi r ni s ntLa ul M a hi on,a J A a l ters a i t ti w as
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On Se em be 2 l 201 Def nda s ntLa dul a J L a l te t r i tng t 2006
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angua oft t tr nai l tr
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sae t tBi r k i tr i i t Ag ee nt be aus oft Re es nt tve d cson t
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S mmayj d me t sa p o raewhe 'h pla ig . . h t tteei n g n i
u l u g n i p r p it
n s e e dn s . s ow ha h r s o e une
t
is a t an maeralfc a t t movi pat i e ildt aj dgme a amatrof
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lw. An e s nv Li ryLo b , n .47 U.. 4 , 4 ( 9 6 ;
a ' d r o . be t b y I c, 7 S 2 2 2 7 1 8 ) HCA He IhSe v .fGa, n .
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at r s o .l c
4 11 1 i e e pt ofM ahion' d
DE- 9- 3 s xc r s
t s s eposton. Thepage ct d r e t t acua
ii
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v EmplyesHe t l .Co.240F. 982,991(11h Ci.2001 .Oncet movi pary
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t r
)
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ng t
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l .Co.v Ze t Radi Cor ,475U. 574, 7( 6)( ig Fe R.Ci P. e) The
ndus
. nih
o p.
S. 58 198 quotn d. v. 56().
Cour mus vi w t r cor a a lf t li e e e t r fom i t lghtmos f vor bl t t
t t e he e d nd l acua nf r nc s he e r n he i
t a a e o he
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he it
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l o p igamo inf rs mmayj d me tt en n mo igp ryma n t eys ll
n p osn
to o u r u g n ,h o - vn a t y o r l oey
ont pl a ngs butmus s
he e di ,
t how by afi vis depostons ans r t i eroga o is a
fda t ,
ii , we s o nt r t re , nd
a isonst s cii f c sexitde onsr tng age neis f til Se Fed. Ci P.
dm s i hat pe fc a t s m ta i
nui s ue or ra . e
R. v.

56() () s aloCeotxCor v Catet477U. 31 3 ( 986) A me et cntla'of
c, e ; ee s l e p. . r t,
S. 7, 24 1 .
r d i il'
s
e de e s
vi nc uppori t o
tng he pposngpa t spo ii n wilnots fc i tad,t r mus bea
i
ry' s to l
ufi e; nse he e
t

s fce s ngt t ur c dr a o bl fndf rt tpat Ande s 477U. a 25
ufiint howi hathej y oul e s na y i o ha ry.
r on,
S. t 2;
s ealo Wal rv Da b 911F, 1 1 ( 1. Ci.1 )
e s
ke . r y,
2d 573, 577 1 t1 r 990 .
1

9

11 D i si
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T eAg e me sWe eNo T r n beAtWil n T e eo e Dee d n i
h r e nt r t e mia l
l a 4 h rf r , f n a ts
En ildt Su r J d n o Co n 1 o h S c n
tte o mmay u gme t n u t 1 ft e e o dAme d dCo an
n e mplit
Pl i if a gue t ta 1ofD ef nda ' c a m s f lbe a e t y a e pr m i e on t be i
a ntf s r
ha 1
e nt s l i ai c us he r e s d
he lef
t tt A gr e e sw e e no t r i bl a - il w he i f c ,t y w e e t r i bl atw il
ha he
e m nt r t e m na e t w l, n, n a t he
r e m na e - l.

Thus Pl i if m a nt n t tt Re e e a i sdi notbr c t Agr e e sbec us t y
, antfs i ai ha he pr s nttve d
ea h he e m nt
a e he
we e tr na ea - l andt tSJ c d nott tousy i e f r wih a c r tt twas
r e mi bl twil
ha M oul
ori l nt re e t ontac ha
t r i bl a - il D e e ntas e t t tt A g ee ent wer nott r i bl a - ilbu onl
e m na e tw l. f nda
s r s ha he r m s e
e m na e t w l t y
f ca e Be a e t A gr e e sw e e no t r i bl a - il Pl i if a e note il d t
or us . c us he
e m nt r t e m na e t w l, a ntf s r
ntte o

s mmayj d me to Bito i sc u trli b sd o Plitfs a- lt e r a d
u r u g n n or nk' o ne cams a e n an if' twil h o y n
Bito i i e tte t s mma yj d me t n Co n 1 o P an if'S c n Ame d d
or nk s n ild o u r u g n o u t 1 f litfs e o d
ne
Com pl i .
a nt
The r l ntpr vi i oft A gr e e sa epa a a 1 a 38. Pa ag aph l s a e :
e eva
o s ons he
e m nt r r gr phs nd
r r
tts
Ter .
m

aq

Thetr oft sAgreme ...s lendont 31tda ofMarh,201 .
em hi e nt hal
he S y
c
5,
. .

unl s t nui t d e riraspr d he ei
e s e na e a le
ovi ed r n.

Afe t s hed e tr nai n dae s tf t i t pr c ng
tr he c ul d e mi to t e orh n he e edi

s b aa rp a,hi Ag e me ts lb a tmaial e e d dfr
u p r ga h ) t s re n hat e uo tc l xtn e o '
y

s c sve one ye rperods u es ot r i e t r i t d aspr de i
uc es i
- a
i
nl s he w s e m na e
ovi d n
t sAgr me .
hi
ee nt

c
)

Eihe pa t m a gi w rten no i e ofisi e t t r i t a l as
t r ry y ve it
tc
t nt nt o e m na e t e t

ni t ( da prort t e oft i ta tr of... r ort e
ney 90) ys i o he nd he niil em
yeas he nd
6 pa te ha or ni d t rm o ng pa r by ove ng l ali s ,i t a oft
The r i s ve ga ze hei vi
pe s
nidi eg s ues ns e d he
m or com m on o ga z t o by co . A sa r ul,t Cour ' di c s on a s f l st bye
r ni a i n
unt
es t he
t s s us i l o olow he
i s or ni ton. Ba e on t s or a za i ls r t e, ta
s ue ga za i
sd
hi g ni tona t uc ur i ppea s t tt pa te ha no
r ha he r i s ve t
gi n t
ve hough t w ha t y m us pr ve a t ea h oft i vi
to
t he
t o so c
he ndi dualc
ount w he t sca e goe t
s
n hi s
so
ti . Consequenty,t C ourtur t pari t s artr hi ng t or zaton oft rcas
ral
l he
ges he tes o t et nki he gani i
hei es

a dwi r q iet ep rist d s wh nt e fl terj itPrtilS iu ai n.
n l e ur h a t o o o e h y ie h i on era tp lto
l
e
10

ofa o - a e e i oft ti ta tr .
ny ne ye r xt nson ha nii l e m
Par
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n el
' t es:
t

a
l

EiherBi rni ort Re e e ai ma tr naet sAgreme ,wihout
t
oto k he prs nttve y emi t hi e nt t
c us ,upondelvei wrtennotc t t ot rpa t no ls t nni t (
a e
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ie o he he ry t e s ha ney 901
c l nda daysprort t ls da oft orgi ora s ce svet r o t s
ae r
i o he a t y he i nal ny uc s i e m f hi
Agr ent.
eem

Bi r k a a tm em a t nui t t Re e e ai srght unde t s
otoni t ny i
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r hi
Agr me f a oft f l ng ca e ...
ee nt or ny he olowi
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Def nta s lst twhe t s clus sa er d t he ,t y e tbls t t Agr m e s
enda s e' ha
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a ef at r ofye sa mayonl be tr naed f c us oratt e oft i ta tr o
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he nd he niil e m r
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ny uc es i e m
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e d oge he he e ovi i
r t

pa t t t nui t wihoutc us wih tm ey wrte notc
ry o e nae t
a e t i l itn ie.
O r gon St t e?s t outt Cour ' r e i i e pr i t A gr e e s
e
a ut e s
he
ts ol n nt r etng he
e m nt :

l tec n tu to o a i srme t teo tc o t ej d ei smpl t a c rana d
n h o sr cin f n n tu n ,h fi e f h u g s i y o se ti n
deca ewha i,i t r sori s tnc con a ne t r i nott i e t tha be n
lr
t s n em
n ubsa e, t i d he en, o ns r wha s e
om it d,ort o i wha hasbe i e t a w he e t r a e s ve a pr s onsor
te
o m t
t
en ns red; nd
r he e r e r l ovi i
pariulr ,s h co tuci n i,i pos i e, o beado e aswilgi e f c t al
tc a s uc nsr to s f sbl t
pt d
l ve f e t o l.

O. S.j42. Thus t Cou tmus i epr t Agr me sbyl ngatt a ua
R.
230.
,he r t ntr ethe ee nt ooki
he ct l
lngua us d by t pa te i t Agr me s M o eove ,ac r c s dnotbe i e pr e
a
ge e
he ri s n he ee nt. r r onta t houl
ntr etd

t rnde a pa tofime ngl s Ore Bankv Nautl Cr z Equlme Cor ,683
o e r ny r t ani es . gon
. ius ane b p nt p.

P. 95,1 ( .App.1 .Re di t Agreme sasawhol rquiest c usont t
2d
05 Or
984) a ng he e nt
e e r he oncl i ha
t y we e nott r i bl a - il
he
r
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Pargrph 1()s iial saest t Agee nte sM ac 31 20l unls
a a a pecfc ly tt hathe r me nd rh , 5 e s
t r i t d a pr de i t Agr e e .The A gr em e t n pr dest e w a t t r i t
e m na e s ovi d n he
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e nt he ovi hr e ys o e m na e

7 s no ed ea le , he A g ee e s s a e t tt y a e gove ne by O r gon l w .
A
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11

i pargrphs1c,38a , 38( .Pargrph 1c , nr a i c e wiht r s of
n a a () () and b) a a () whe e d n ontxt t he e t
pa agr ph l s s ou t m e ns f t r i tng t A g ee en t a d t a om a i r ne a ,
r a , et t he a or e m na i he r m t o voi he ut tc e w l

whihi s to i paa a 1( .Paa a 38s t outt t rmani mea f
c s e ut n rgrph b) rgrph es he wo e i ng ns or
tr natngt Agee nt Paaga 38( pe t Bi r kt tr naea a tmef
emi i he r me . r rph b) nnis otoni o emi t t ny i or

cet ne
rai numert ca es Thepa te 'diput lesi t i e eai ofpargrph 38a)
aed us .
ris s e i n he ntpr tton
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(.

Plitfsa g et tp r ga h3 ()alwsa ypat t tr naewi o tc us u n
anif r u ha aa r p 8 a l
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tmel wrte notc Howe ,i t ti t mea ngofpa a a 38() t npaa a 38b)
i y itn ie.
ver f ha s he ni
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woul be e iey s rl .l t Agr e e swe e tr i bl a - ilt n t r woul beno
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d

ne frpaa a 38() whi s soutwhe Bi r kca t mi et Agreme sf ca e
ed o rgrph b , ch et
n otoni n er nat he e nt or us
pr ort t e oft t r . Ca e w oul be ir l ntbe a e eihe s de coul a w a
i o he nd he e m
us
d
r e eva
c us t r i
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t r i t a - il Thus i t A g e m e sa e i em r ed as Pl i if ur a1 ofpa a a
e m na e tw l .
, f he r e nt r nt et
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38( woul beme ngls,i vi ai o oneo t ca ofc r c i epr t in.
b) d
ani es n olton f
f he nons onta t ntr eato
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fnda r
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pos t y e orh

t eme n b wh c et e p ryma p e e ttetr fo rn wi gun e p r g a h 1b .Onl
h a s y ih ih r a t y rv n h em r m e e n d r a a rp ( ) y
byradi paaga 1c)a 38()ast mea f rprve i rne ofatr c na1oft
e ng r rphs ( nd a he ns o e ntng e wal em a 1 he
pr vi i oft Agr e e sbe gi n m e ni Thus t Agr e e swe ef at r ofye r ,
o sons he e m nt
ve
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, he e m nt r or e m
as

tr na eet rupontmel notceprort r ne loft tr ass outi paaga lc)
emi bl ihe
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a 38a,orf ca e a stouti paaga 38( ,
nd () or us , s e
n r rph b)
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ntte o

s
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ount r l m or o tous nt r e enc
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j me onCount1 oft Se o Ame
udg nt
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12

Agr e e sa e t r i bl a - il
e m nt r e m na e t w l.

B.

Pli t Ar Enildt S mmay J d n o Bito i ' Cl i o Unu t
a np e t e o u r u gme t n or nks amf r j s
t
En ih n,Co n 11o h Co n e cai
rc me t u t 1 fte u tr l m

Plitfsmo ef rs mmayj d me to Co n llo Bito k' c u trli f r
anif v o u r u g n n u t 1 f or ni s o n ecam o
u j te rc me t Pli if a s r t a b t Or g na dFlrd lw p o i ir c v r f ru j t
nus n ih n . antfs set h t oh e o n o ia a r h bt e o e y o nus
e ihm e whe a e or e econta e ssbet ent pa te .Bi r k ha notr ponded
nrc nt n n nf c abl
r ct xit we he ri s otoni s
es

t ti ag me t i Glou salge i t c mp an b t o r le u o i s mmayj d me t
o h s r u n . t r nd l d n he o lit u n t eid p n n u r u g n
g
e
a ede me a
r e d bando d.'Re utonTr tCor v DunmarCop.43 F. 587,599( 1hCi.
ne ' sol i us p. .
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1 9 ) Thu ,ta p asDe e d n ha a a d n di u j s e c me tcam.M o e v r u j t
9 5 . s i p e r fn a t s b n o e t nu t mi h n li
s
r o e, nus
e rc me t a n t p ywh r a e p e sc nrc e it c n enigt es mes b e tmatr
n ih n c n o a pl e e n x r s o ta t x ss o c r n h a u j c te .
AtantsEsat Acquiii ,I .v De e r 1 So. 889,893-4 ( a 4t DCA 201 .
l i te
stons nc . piro, 25 3d
9 Fl. h
3)

Be a s teAg e me t c n ent s mes j c matra Dee d n ' u j s e rc me
c u e h re n s o c r he a ube t te s f n a ts n u t n ih nt
cam,t unus e ihme cli c nno sa Co eq nty,Pl ntfsaee ild t
li he j t nrc nt am a t tnd. ns ue l ai if r ntte o

s mmayj d me to Dee d ntscam f ru j s e rc me t Co n I1o tec u trli
u r u g n n fn a ' li o n u t n ih n , u t 1 f h o n ecam.

Pli t Di t e c terCo ta ta Dlzo t / Pro t Se e e
a np dNo Br a h h i nr cu l f fL / 1 ir o ptmb r
/
y1
J2,2012

Bi toni m ant i t tt Re es nt tve br a d t Ag ee
o r k i ans ha he pr e a i s e che he r ment dut ofl yaly
s' y o t
pr s o s m pl bec us t y ne i t w ih SJ a t ,Bi r k i e il d t s m a y
ovi i n i y a e he gota ed t M nd, hus otoni s ntte o um r

j d me to Co n sI1a dI o teS c n Ame d d Co lit we e , o ta yt
u g n n u t 1 n V f h e o d n e mpan .Ho v r c nrr o
Bi r k' a s ri ,t Re es a i 'a i prort t Se e be 24, 2 t r i ton
ot oni s s e tons he pr ent tves ctons i o he pt m r 201 e m na i
l terdi notb e c t A gr e e s dut ofl ly pr s ons A s s touta
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e
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13

as itorr rs r c t orf a i vi ore iy e
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ta i ns t M nd ve her le d cii o e l he i s
t SJ a go t wor f SJ do notvi a et tr oft sc a eoft Agr e e s
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olt he e ms hi l us
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Net rt ne i i nort de son n ountt S s itng orr nderng s r c 't SJ .
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olt he ete
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t Ag ee
he r ment prort t Se e
s i o he pt mber21 201 tr i ton oft Re es a i by Bi r ni
, 2 e m na i
he pr enttves
oto k.

Co e u nl, or nki n te tt dt s mmayj d me o Co n s11a dI o teS c nd
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ol i ns

paa a 38( ( a () whihsae:
rgrphs b)5) nd 6 , c tt

B hiet pa te diput whe he t Re es nt tve kne a
W l he ri s s e
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knowl gei ir e ntbe a e untlt y a t ly a sse orr nde e s r c t SJ ,die l
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N e t rs de ha die ty a es e w he he Bi r k' t r i ton oft A gr e e sw a
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r hes o s ons he r e nt .
e ovi i
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e r

te ep o so sla et Dee d n ' t oej d me t'h d tr n to o wh t e te
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s
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pr e a i s' i c t nc s onduc w a r ntt r i ton. I t t r i tons w e e pr r
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unde t epr sons t Re e e ai swoul beoblgaedt c pl wihpa a a 11of
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p o iin o teAg e me t.De e d n ag e t a i i e t ld t s mma' j d me t n
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e he te
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m ae ili s off tr ma nsast whehe t tr i to we epr pe .The e or s ma y
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a oneoft bas f t de a a o yr i s
nd
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m ant aitf s i an ha otoni s
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he ontacual i s
o t Re es t tvesa t ,ma e i l br ac d t Agr eme s Asar ul oft sa lge
f he pr en a i nd,hus t raly e he he e nt .
es t hi le d
ma e i br ac t Pl i if a guet tt Re es nt tve we ee ed fom pe f ma e
t ral e h, he antfs r ha he pr e ai s r xcus r
ror nc
unde t Agr eme sa SJ c d no t ri l i e f r wih t Ag ee e s Bi toni
r he e nt nd M oul t o tousy nt re e t he r m nt . o r k
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pr t . Thus be a e Bi r k di notpara i t OEM pr r m l a t
oduc s
, c us otoni d
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og a o nd he
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pr s a i
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oducs Bi r k di notbr c t
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Agr ent
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9Coun I i a s bas o De enda ' a lged b e c oft Agr eme sb i tt i
t V s lo ed n f nts le
r a h he e nt y nsiutng
t OEM pr a . Ho e r a s f t bel t OEM pr a wa nota b e c oft
he
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ogr m s
r a h he
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oto k.
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o l n g nt a
de ha otoni rook n he
og a
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t i ng he c s a y
ppr l or he
odu s uc
tr nato s re e nt
t t o c e.Be us a s tf t bel t Re e e ai sdi notha e l i rg st
o he ut om
ca e, s e orh ow, he pr s nt tve d
ve xc usve i ht o
t Pr t , heOEM pr r m di notbr ac t Agr me s r ga dl sofwhe he Bi r k
he oduc s t
og a d
e h he ee nt , e r es
t r otoni
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s nvol d n he
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poi e t asngl e e spr son oft Ag ee nt t tt OEM pr am br c d.Nor
nt d o i e xpr s ovii
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ve antfs nt d o n xcl i t ovii n t r e nt
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pr vi i a t ly c t d by Pl i if i t pr vi i defni S oduc s ' U nde t tpr s on
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tse a ove a r eaedb Bitoni sQuaiyAsurnceDe rmen e t
e td, ppr d nd el s y or k' lt s a
pa t t ven hough
a s s Pr tma beavaia e die ty t t Re e e atvet oug s e
ny uch ame oduc y
l bl r c l o he pr s nt i hr h om
o he s c
t r our e.
Thus b isve y tr s t spr son r ogniest tt s m epr t t tt Re e e ai s
, y t r e m , hi ovii ec z ha he a
oduc s ha he pr s nt tve
a e au horz t s l m a b a iabl tlough s e ot r s c t
r t i ed o e l y e va l e lr
om
he our e oo.
Anot rbas sf Pl ntf s br ac ofco r c c a m i t i ple dut ofgood f t a
he
i or ai if ' e h
nt a t l i s he m i d y
aih nd
f i de lng. UnderOr
ar ai
egon l w :
a

t i id dut ofg f t and f i deai ...c nnote
he mple
y ood aih
ar lng
a
xpandt pa te ' ubsan i
he ri s s t tve
dute unde a c r c ;rt r i r lt st t pe f r nceoft c r c .Se Zyga v
is
r onta t ahe ,t e a e o he ro ma
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r .

Joh on,1 Or App.638,646,1 P. 326( ) r .de ,331Or 58 1 P. 356
ns 69 .
0 3d
2000 , ev n.
. 4, 9 3d
( )( pa t sdut ofgoodf t i t peror nceofac rc c
2001 a ry' y
aih n he f ma
onta t annotconta c a
rdit n
e es c r c ua t r noro he s pr de ar m e f ra unplas ty motva e
xpr s onta t l e m
t nvie ovi
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e an l
i td

a t i e e sypemit byt c r c) Thus t dut ofg fiha fi
ethat s xprs l r ted he onta t. ,he y ood at nd ar
d aig whc s r e t ef cu t t o j ci l ra o a l e pe tto so te
e l - ih ev s o fe t ae he be tvey e s n be x cain f h
n
pa te - maybei i a t adiput d is onl i t pa tesha nota e t a
ris
mpled s o s e s ue y f he ri
ve
gr ed o n
e e st r t tgo r t ti s i d,t r s bl e c a i oft pa tesa e
xpr s e m ha ve ns ha s ue; ndee he ea ona e xpe t tons he r i r
ir e
relvanti t pa te ha a e t a ex e st r gove ni t is Tol r v
f he ris ve gr ed o n pr s e m
r ng he s ue. be t .

Fis NatonalBank,31 Or 48 492,8 P. 965( 991 ;OUSv.OPEU,1 Or
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.
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2005) Pl ntfsar t tBi r k
. ai if gue ha otoni
vi a e t i id dut ofgood f ih and f i deai b f iia i t OEM pr am t t
olt d he mple
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nur d o he nei
ompetng CRM c pa es t r by i pi ng o t Re e e ai s
i
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17

c r t rght . H ow e r e a s i t tBi t oni si ve e i obt i ng FD A
ontac ual i s
ve , ven s um ng ha o r k' nvol m nt n a ni
a ova f t O EM pr a pr
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t ons iut
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og am

Bi r k,Pl i if ha no esa ihe how Bi r k vi a e t i i dut ofgood f ih
otoni antfs ve t tbls d
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at
a f i de lng. TheAgr e e sdi notc an e l i t pr sonsand,i f c , e ogni d
nd ar a i
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ont i xcusviy ovii
n a t r c ze
t tt pr
ha he oduc st tt Re es nt tve w e e a ho i ed t s l m i htbe ava l bl t ough
t ha he pr e a i s r ut r z o e l g
ia e hr
s ce ot rt n Bi r k. Thus e es t r s oft A gr e e sgover t i s esr s d by
our s he ha otoni
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Pl i if . Pl ntf s a art be ate ptng t e nd t e e s t r s oft A gr em e t
a ntf s ai if ppe o
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i l a e usviypr son.Howeve ,t yca
nc ude n xcl i t ovii
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at nd
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ai alng. ca e ai if ve
t bls
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Agr e e s a t r y, us d t Re e e a i s pe f ma eunde t Ag ee e s
e m nt, nd he eb exc e he pr s nt tve ' ror nc
r he r m nt ,

Plitfsaen te tte t s mmayj d me to Co n sIa d1 o t eCo ne cam.
an if r o n i d o u r u g n n u t n 1 f h u trli
l

F

a Ma e il s u o c Exssa t *'eh rDee d ntsDeeino c u t
d tra ls e fFa t it s o h t e f n a ' lt fAc o ns
o
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The fna bas s f Pl i if 'br a h ofco r c c a m i t de e i ofa ount . W hie
i l i or a ntf s e c
nt a t l i s he l ton
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De e d n ' moin frs mmayj d me t nCo n lo Plitfs Se o dAme d dCo an
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by del tng c r a n a co t a s g d t t Re es nt tve . D e e
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f ndantas e t t tunde t
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Agr ent
eem s:

Bi r k r t i t rghtt t keba k a hos t lac ount ori vi lphyscin
otoni e ans he i o a
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ac
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s n he pr s nt tve s ni or n
c
pr s nt i
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18

g e tro t nyp r e t( %)of h p e o sy as(ijc r icr yh p o u tslsa
r ae f we t e c n 20
t e rviu e r sc ad a h tm r d c ae t
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Ac or ngt De e nt t deetd ac ount a 1had l st n $1 000 i s l . Pl i if
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W M ae i ls eo c ExssRe a dn *reh rBito i Ha S fe e
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19

evi nce ofpa tpr i s.l Se DE- 47- D E- 47- U nde O r gon l w , hi h gove nst
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21

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D e e nt s c ai oft r i i e f r e ag ns SJ .
f nda ' l m
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OEM pr r m .
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ED o h x e t u t s s d n h
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b) Deenda ' M oi f SummayJ me a t Count1 oft Se nd
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ar nd
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c Dee ntsM oi f SummayJ
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