Heron Development Corporation v. Vacation Tours, Inc., etc.

Filing 196

ORDER GRANTING IN PART AND DENYING IN PART DEFENDANTS' MOTION TO DISMISS THE VERIFIED SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT. Defendants' Motion to Dismiss the Verified Second Amended Complaint and Demand for Jury Trial 184 is GRANTED in part and DENIED in part. Defendants must file an answer to the Verified Second Amended Complaint by December 21, 2017. Signed by Judge Federico A. Moreno on 11/30/2017. (da00)

UNI
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT FOR THE
CT
SOUTHERN DI
STRI OF FLORI
CT
DA
M i m iD i s on
a
vi i
Cas Number 1 20683- V- ORENO
e
: 6Cl M
HERON DEVELOPM ENT CORPORATI ,
ON
Pl n if
ai tf ,
VS.

VACATI TOURS,N C. M EDI
ON
I ,
A
I GHT GROUP,l C. ROSANNA M .
NSI
N ,
M ENDEZ a GEORGE A .
nd
ALVAM Z,
Def nda s
e nt .

ORDER GRANTI I PART AND DENYI I PART DEFENDANTS'M OTI TO
NG N
NG N
ON
DI I THE VERI ED SECOND AM ENDED CO M PLAI
SM SS
FI
NT
I r
nt oduc i
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es a e s t r m r o r t nd el he r a
ta pr
r vel oduc s a s r i e Pa a e Res t us t t a m a ks t m a ke a s l Thus t
t nd e v c s l c
or s es he r de r o r t nd el.
, he

c le d a sgnm e pr s n sno rs ofde e vi t publc a
ha lnge s i
nt e e t
ik
c i ng he
i boutt tqua iy o c itncy
he f lt r onsse

oft pr t ofer d unde t lce orsta m a k. Di - M atr s Ope atn Co p. 841
he oduc s f e
r he i ns ' r de r ' alA- te s
'
r ig r ,

F.Supp.a 1 s eal p?rl Che s Co.v Fr Rys rCo. 1 F. 88 90( t Ci.1
t 350; e so aï
f
ee
. ank e , 53 2d , 7h r 946)
(i ta makmaybeasi d,lce e orlntasl a i rmansasocitdwiht sme
C rde- r
A
sgne i ns d, e , ong s t e i s ae t he a
pr uc orb i s wih whi i ha be omeasocae i t publcmi ....'.Theef e
od t usne s t
ch t s c
s itd n he
i nd
'
) r or,
t chal d a sgnmen i e or ea e a Paa Res t r t i sa ngt s f vi ai ns
he lenge s i
t s nf c bl nd lce ors e ans t ndi o ue or olto
oft Anthe icybe s ti Ac .
r quatng t
J. St i a Cl m Under t A nt-cyber
atng
ai
he i
squati A ct
tng

The A nt- be s ti A c S r t c vi la lt f t c r qua tng of a m a k
i cy r qua tng t é ea es i l i biiy or he ybe s ti
c
ny r

(s mo s'o n t. 5 M c rh o T a e r va d Unai Co tto j 2 A:0 (iig 1
ia u ' r ol'
f
'
ca ty n r d ma k n f r mpeiin 5 5 ctn 5
U. C. j 11 ( ) To esa ih ac rquatng cli Paac Re orsmus S e d ...t
S. A. 25d).
tbls ybes ti am, l e s t
ts a
pl
he
f l ng f elme s ( )gj dee nthasr seed,tafike i orus dadomannn ;
olowi our e nt: 1 the fnda
egitr r fc d n
e
i me

()g hc i ie tc lo c n u igy smia t a mak o e b t ep an if ( )(j ema k
2 wj ih s d n ia r o f sn l i lr o
r wn d y h litf; 3 th r
wa dsicie a t t o te d fn a tsr gsrto o t e do i na ;a d ( ) ( h
s it tv t he i f h ee d n ' e itain f h man me n 4 t e
n
me
l
de e nthasc
f nda
omm it d t a t wih a ba f ih i entt pr i fom t pli ifsm a k.' d.
te he c s t
d a t nt o oft r he antf
r '1
Palc Re orshaspl s fce f c st e t bls e c oft s eeme s
ae s t
ed ufi int a t o sa ih a h he e l nt .
Fis ,Paac Res t ale t tDe e nt r gitr d f t dom an name srki y
rt l e
ors lges ha f nda s e se e ory
i
s ti ngl

smia t is ta
i lr o t r dema ks The Com pli saes t t De e nt us t e domai name t
r .
a nt t t ha
f nda s e hes
n
s o
ope a e we ie diplyi Paac Re ors tade r a co rghtpr e t d con e ,a
rt
bst s s a ng l e s t' r ma ks nd py i - ot c e
t nt nd
r s m bl a he i Pa a e Re or s we ie .
e e e ut ntc l c
s t bst s

Sec
ond,Palce Res t plads s fcintf c s s
a
ors e
ufi e a t howi t tDe e nt 'dom an name
ng ha f nda s
i
s
a e Sde ial or c u i y sm ia ' t is ta m a ks 1 S n t c r quatng c e ,
r i ntc
i
onf sngl i lr' o t r de r . d. ç he ybe s ti ont xt
l
Sonf i y sm ia 'mta t tt pl ntf s ma k a t de e
c usngl i l r
ns ha he ai if
r nd he f ndan ' do an na ar s
ts m i me e o

sm ia i sg , s
i lr n i ht ound or m e ni t t c uson i lke y. I l t s c e,t pl a ngs
a ng ha onf i s i l ' d n hi as he e di
'
i c t t tDef nt domai na
ndiae ha
enda s'
n mesi om or t Paa Re ors'tade a ksexa ty,ora t
nc
a e lce s t r m r
cl
t he

vey lat i a c usngl smia ma r Se Se ton I. s pr a 5 (itng Dee nt'
r e s, n onf i y i lr nne . e ci lB, u a t -6 lsi
fnda s
doman na al i Pli if'ta maks;s ealo Dai e chr lrv TheNe I . 388
i mes ongsde antfs rde r ) e s
mlr yse .
t nc,
F. 201 206 ( h Ci.2004)( di t tt domai na Sor dodge. m'wasc usngl
3d ,
6t r
hol ng ha he
n me t a
f
co '
onf i y

smiart t ta makDODGE i t c e ofa t
i l o he rde r
n he ontxt uomobie ) Bot pa tess lt s meta l
ls. h ri el he a rve
pr t a s r i e f t s m e r s t,ma ng c t r conf i mor lkel John H
oduc s nd e v c s or he a
e ors ki usome
uson
e i y.

Ha ln Co v Clr e Ch c s I c,71 F.d 9 6 9 6 ( 1h Ci. 1 8 ) ($ e ge tr te
ra d . . a k e k n . 1 2 6 , 7 1 t r 9 3 ç
Th r ae h
smiaiy bewe t pr t a s r ce , t grae t lkei
i lrt t en he oducs nd evi s he e tr he i lhood of c uson.)
onf i '
'
(uottonsomitd) Addii ly,Pal eRes t a t Dee t bot utlz t i e ta
q ai
te . tonal ac ors nd he fndans h iie he ntme s
a ma ke i c
r tng hanne , whih i r as t lkei
l
c nc e es he i lhood of cusome c uson. Se Tu ne
t r onf i
e r r

Gr e r As oc .320F.Supp.2da 1 ( tngt tco r ntmakei c nnel i ras
e nbe g s s,
t 332 noi ha nvege
r tng ha s nce e

t lkei
he i lhood ofc uson) Eve i t e pladi we ei ufi e ,Paa Res t i l s
onf i . n f hes e ngs r ns fcint lce ors ncude
a l ga i a
le tons boutm uli e i t nc s ofac ualc t m e c u i w he e t c t e beleve
tpl ns a e
t
us o r onf s on,
r he us om r i d

he booke hi r e v ton t o h Pa a e Re o t' we ie whe i f c he booke hi
d s es r a i hr ug
lc
s rs
bst ,
n n at
d s

13

r s r ton t ough Def nda s we ie on one of t c lng domai na e .The ef e,
e e vai hr
e nt ' bst
he hale ed
n m s
r or
Palc Re orshaspl f c st s ts yt Cc usngl sm ia ' r quieme .
ae s t
ed a t o a if he sonf i y i lr' e r nt
Thid,Paac Re o t c e t tis mar i r ditnctve a t tme De e nt
r
l e s rs ont nds ha t
ks s e si i t he i
we
f nda s

r itrd,tafike i o us d t l rngi DomanNa s'( c Am.Co .! 7 )I
egsee r fc d n, r e he nfi ng
i me .' Se ond
mpl 0. t
s c t aly not s t t al bu t of t t ree m a ks a is ar i ont sa e whih
pe ik l
e ha l t wo
he hit n r t s ue e nc e t bl , c
esabls s t pr umpton of va i t - àc, t t ma ks a e ditnc i a é anno be
t ihe he es
i
ldiy
. hat he r r si tve nd i
c
t

c alng d o te g o n st a g e ae meey d s rp ie'Ditr v # & H l d s o 5 .
h l e n h r u d h t t y r l rl e citv . ee .
e
h
'
n u.f '
w
Flrda,l . 88 F. 322,328( 1h Ci.1 .
o i nc, 0 2d
1 t r 989)
For t t unr se ed ta
he wo
egitr r dema ks bot c
r
h omprs s e y of t c
ied oll
he ombi tr
ned e m
I
S
CANCUN PALACE' Pa a e Re orscli st tPa a e Hol ngsbega usng t e ma ksi
' l c s t am ha l c
di
n i hes r n
c
omm e c i Dec mber201 a ha fld a a ia i t r se t m a kswih t Unied
re n
e
5, nd s ie n pplc ton o egit r he r
t he t
St e Paen a Tr m a k Ofi e.Bot ma ks a e a s i t wih t Ca un Pa a e Hot l
ats t t nd ade r fc
h r r s oc aed t he nc
lc
e
and Spa a s cii pr pe t owne by Pa a Re ors Bec us Pa ac Res t us s t
pe f c o ry
d
l ce s t .
a e l e
ors e he

S
E
CANCUN PALACE' ma kst de e a hot la s - r t rt n a a t lpaac l td i
' r o not
e nd pa a he ha n cua l e ocae n
Ca un- t ma ksç ugge tc r c e itc oft g
nc
he r s
s
s ha a t rsi s he oods a s r i e a lequie an e f tof
nd e v c s nd r r
for
t i nai by t c um e i or rt be unde sood asdes i i ''I Ther f e,bot
he magi ton
he ons r n de o
rt
crptve.' d
e or
h
(CAN CUN PA LA CE' m a ks a e Cs
'
' r r 'ugge tve ' a i t ,C s i tve ' r he t n m e e y
s i ' nd, n um t tnc i ' at r ha
di
rl

ç s rptve. 1 Fi l be a e De e nt f i t s c f t dae t y r se e t domai
' c i i ' d. naly, c us f nda s a l o pe iy he t he egit r d he
de
'
n
na
mest tal dl i rng t S
ha lege y nfi e he I
CAN CUN PALACE' mar ,t Cour pr umest tPalc
' ks he
t es
ha
ae
Hol ngs us oft s
di ' e he ugge tve ma ks i 2015 pr t Def nda s dom an na r gita i
si
r n
edaed
e nt '
i me e sr ton
s h t t a Pal c Hol ngs s ce s i i e e t Pa ac Res r s ha prort r ght i t
uc ha , s a e
di ' uc s or n nt r s , l e
o t s i iy i s n he

ma ks Ac r ngl Palce Re o t haspl s fcintf ct t esa ih t t r elmentofan
r . co di y, a
s rs
ed ufi e a s o t bls he hid e
Anticyber qua tng Ac vi aton: t t ree t a m ar w e e di tnc i w he de e
s ti
t ol i
he hit n r de ks r s i tve
n f ndan s
t
r i t r d t c le d dom a n na e .
eg s e e he ha l nge
i m s
Fourh,t Co pl ntcon a ns a pl a l ga i s
t he m ai
t i m e le tons ugge tng t t D e e nt r s e e
s i ha
f nda s egit r d

a us d t s do an na e wih a bad-aih i e t pr i of ofPalce Re o t'ta mar
nd e he e m i m s t
f t nt nt o oft f
a
s rs r de ks
a c rs
nd or e pondi g
ng oodw il The A n icybe s ti Act e t bls s ni f c or t c i r
l.
tr qua tng
s a i he ne a t s o ons de
14

when deer ni whe he a domai na e has be n r se ed orus d i tba f t 'wih t
t mi ng
t r
n m
e egit r
e n d d aih' t he
i e t pr i fom a m ar Thos f c or ar
nt nt o ott r
k.
e a t s e:

( )W hehe t deenda has ta mak or ot r i elcua
1
t r he f nt
rde r
he ntle t l
pr r y rgh s i t dom a n na e;
ope t i t n he
i m

( W hehe t domai name r es t t lga na of t
2) t r he
n
efr o he e l me he
de e
f ndan ;
t

( W hehe t defnda e r us d t doman na i
3) t r he e nt ve e he
i me n
comeci n wih t bona fde ofe i of a goods o
r to
t he
i
f rng
ny
r
s r ce ;
e vi s

( W hehe t defnda ha abona fde no ommeca orfi
4) t r he e nt s
i nc
ril ar
us oft ma k i a st ac es i e unde t do a n na
e he r n ie c sbl
r he m i me;

()W hehe t dee nthasa i e t di r c ume sfom
5
t r he fnda
n ntnt o ve t ons r r
t mar owne ' we ie t hi own,eihe f r c
he
k
r s bst o s
t r o omm e cil
r a
gai or w ih t i e t t ih or di pa a t m a k,w he
n
t he nt nt o am s
s r ge he r
n
t tdi ri c d ca e ha m t t mar o
ha ve son oul us r o he k wnersgoodwil
'
l;

( Whehe t dee ntofe st ta fr or s lt doman
6)
t r he fnda fr o rnse
el he
i
na e f fna a gai w he he ha no us or ha a i e
m or i nci l n
n
s t ed
d n nt nt
t us t dom ai nam e i co m e ton w ih t bona fde
o e he
n
n r ci
t he
i
ofe i ofa goodsors r c s
f rng ny
e vie ;

()W hehe t defnda pr de matra a mila ng fle
7
t r he e nt ovi s eil nd se di as
co a t i or a i when a yi f t r s r ton of t
nt c nf m ton
ppl ng or he egi ta i
he
dom an na e ort de e nti e i ly f is t m ant i
i m
he f nda nt ntona l al o i an
ac ur t c a ti onna i
c a e ont c nf
ton;

()Whehe t dee nta quie muli e doman na t t
8
t r he fnda c rd tpl
i mes ha
t de e nt knows a e i ntca or conf i y s m ia t
he f nda
r de i l
us ngl i l r o
di tnc i m ar ;a
s i tve
ks nd

()W hehe t mak i ditnci orf
9
t r he r s si tve amous
.
J k Be N Li v Duta- y,81 F. 767,776 ( 1h Ci.201 ( i 1 U. C.j
ys d' nen . t Ro
0 3d
1 t r 5) quotng 5 S.
11 d)l( ( ainsomitdl.
25( ( )B) quotto
te )
I t s c s ,t Com pl ntil tat s m uli e e m pl of D e e
n hi a e he
ai lus r e
tpl xa es
f ndant ba f ih i ent
s' d- a t nt
t pr i fom Pa a Res t t a m a ks Fis ,Pal c Re ors a l ges t tD e e
o oft r
l ce
ors r de r . r t a e s t le
ha f ndan s ha no
t ve
i e l c ualpr ry rght i Pa a e R e or s t a m a ks but s ili por t d t e m a ks i
nt le t
ope t i s n l c
s t ' r de r ,
tl ncor a e hos
r n
t rr gi t r d dom ai na es Sec
hei e s e e
n m . ond,none oft a l ge y i r ngi dom a n nam esc i tof
he le dl nfi ng
i
ons s
15

t lga na eofa oft De e
he e l m
ny he f ndan s Thid,De e nt us t domai na
t. r
f nda s e he
n mesi c
n omm e c
re
t di r w e tafi a pr i s fom Pl i if . Four h,ba e on t l te ss ntt Def nda si
o ve t b r fc nd ott r
a ntf s
t sd
he e t r e o
e nt n

r pons t t ri rngi us ( E.17 1 70- 1,a Defnda s efors t mi c t
es e o hei nfi ng e D. 0- 0-1 1 ) nd e nt' f t o mi he
a
ppea a e ofa he i Pa ac Res t w e ie ,i i c e t t Def nda s r gi t r d a us d
r nc
ut ntc l e
or s bs t s t s l ar ha
e nt e s e e nd e
t dom ai na e w ih know l dge t tdoi s w o d ha m Pa a e Re or s a t val ofis
he
n m s t
e
ha
ng o ul r
lc
s t nd he ue t

ta ma ks Fit a t r cevi muli e c s and de it lte s De e nt s ntPli if a
r de r . fh, fer e i ng
tpl ea e
ss e tr , f nda s e
antfs
i
i
domai na e lc ns agr e e s ki payme fom Pl i if f a ta f r orus oft
n m s i e e e m nt ee ng
nt r
antfs or r nse
e he

ta e r p oe tdd mann me . ( e o dAm . mp . 6 )Sx h Dee a t r gsee a
r d mak r tce o i a s' S c n
'
Co l! 0. it , fnd ns e itrd t
l s f t domai na s t t t aleg y kne we e i i l or c u i y smia t
ea t ory
n me ha hey l edl
w
r dentca
onf sngl i lr o
Pli tfs ditnci ma ks Ac di y,Paac Re ors ha alege s fce f c ss
a n if ' si tve r . cor ngl
l e s t s l d ufi int a t ugge tng
si
t tDef nt a t d i bad f ih a defne by t Antha
enda s c e n
at s i d he icybe s ti Ac .
r quatng t
Be a e Pa a e Res t has sandi t s unde t Ant c us l c
or s
t ng o ue
r he
icybe s ti A c ,a has
r qua tng t nd

a lge f c s t t i tu - s ts y a lf ur elm e t ofa c r qua tng cli i ha sae a
le d a t ha- f r e a if l o
e ns
ybe s ti
a m, t s tt d
c am upon whi h r i c be gr nt Ther f e t Cou tdeni Def nda s m oto t
li
c elef an
a ed.
e or , he
r
es
e nt ' i n o
di m i s Pal c Res r s cl i s unde Count1
s s
ae
o t' a m
r
.

C. CountI :Trademar I rnze e Unde TheLanham Act- 15 U. C.k 1114
I
k nf i m nt
r
S.

1 St ngt SueforTr ma kIfrnge ntUnde t Lanham Ac
. andi o
ade r n i me
r he
t
I Count1 of t Com pl i t Pl i tf s a s ta cl i f r t a m a k i rnge e unde
n
1 he
a n , a n if s er
a m o r de r nf i m nt
r

The La m Ac.1 U. C.j 111 To rcove fr tade k i rnge ntunde j 111
nha
t 5 S.
4. e r o r mar nfi me
r
4,
Pli if mus ha sa ng t s Se ton 111 a)sae t tvi aor Shal be labl i a
antfs t ve tndi o ue. ci
4( tts ha olt s t l i e n
s
cvi a to b t r gitantf t rme es heenatr pr de ' 1 U. C.j 111 1
i l cin y he e sr or he e di ri fe ovi d.' 5 S.
44 )
(mphass a d) Thus t txt of j 111 1 () r tit r ovey t ta mak rgitant
e
i dde .
, he e
4()a esrcs ec r o rde r e sr s
onl 4 t-he maort of c s s hol t t t saut me ns wha i sys:onl t fdeal
y. sl
j iy
ae
d ha he tt e a
tt a
y he e r
4Se Aut ' Comm e , 6Mc ty o Tr e r an Unai Compeii j32:
nt
e hors
carh n ad ma h d f r
tton
3

Ib le et tt sau ea t mao iyofc s itmrtn i ce tsa
eiv ha he ttt nd he j rt a es ne eig t rae
cl and brghtlne r e:onl t r sr ofr d hass a ng t s
ear
i i ul
y he egitant ecor
t ndi o ue

f rt e s cilrg sa d rme e p ovi d b La a Ac j 3 1 t
o h pe a iht n e dis r de y nh m t 2( ) o
t own ro ar git rd ma k No a nto j iilitr r tton or
he e f e see r . mou f udca ne p ea i
mani a i ofwor can t n an e usve lc e i o an as gnm ent
pulton
ds
ur
xcl i iens nt
si
.

16

te sr nt has s a ng t s f i r nge entofa f r ly r s e e m a k. 6 M c t y on
r gi ta '
t ndi o ue or nf i m
ede a l egi t r d r '
'
car h

T a e ra a d Unai Co tto j 3 3.Be a s t e Co r mu ta s me te od n r
r d ma k n f r mpeiin 2: c u e h u t s su h r i ay
m e ni oft s a ut y l ngua ta cur t y e es e t l gi l tve pur e ' t s Cour tnds
a ng he t t or a
ge s c a el xpr s s he e s a i
pos ,' hi
ti

t tonl tade r rgitans ha sandi t s unde j 111 ofThe La m Ac.Se
ha y r mak e sr t ve t ng o ue
r
4
nha
t e
Di ,667 F. a 1 s e alo Fe Tr as y Entr So z odoi tv SP1S rt Lt ,
onne
3d t 205; e s d. e ur
e. jupl mpor .
piis d

7 6 F.d 6 ,7 ( d Ci.2 3 (c n rs c u d e sl h v icu e iie s e o Sx l ie
2 3 2 8 2 r 01 ) i g e s o l a iy a e n ld d l n e ' r e cusv
co
c
lc n e 'a n t etr i 1 U. C. 1 2 ta d tn a le ita t'bu titc s i ta
ie s e mo g h ems n 5 S. j 1 7 h t ei e r gsrn ' t s l ho e nse d
'
l
t lmi sa ngt pa te ha ngamor s cfcs tofitr t i t r seedmak.)
o i t tndi o ris vi
e pe ii e neess n he egitr
r '.
'
H e on conc des t t i i not t r gi ta of t tade ar a i s As s h,H e o
r
e
ha t s
he e sr nt he r m ks t s ue.
uc
rn

doe notha sa ngt s f ta r i rng ntunde j 111 oft La m Ac.The
s
ve tndi o ue or rdemak nfi eme
r
4 he nha
t
Cour gr nt Def nda s m oton t dim i s Coun 1 w ih r s c t H e on.H owe r Pa a e
t a s
e nt '
i o s s
t 1 t e pe t o r
ve , l c
Res t a
or s dequa el a l gest ti i t r git a oft t r e n m ar a i s The e or Pa a e
t y le
ha t s he e s r nt he hi t e
ks t s ue. r f e, l c

Res t ha sa ngt s u rj 111
ors s tndi o ue nde
4.
2 Sttn a Cli o Tr d ma kI f ige ntUnd rTh La m Ac
. ai g a mf r a e r n rn me
e e nha t
To s vi De e
ur ve f ndan s moton t dimis Palc Res t m us a s sa e a cli f r
t' i o s s , a e
ors
t lo t t
am o

r i u rj111 oft La m Ac .d- La m Ac i e la lt fri rng ntofa
elef nde
4 he nha t t-he nha
l
t mpos s ibiiy o nfi eme
r s e e m a k upon an pe s w ho u e a i r ngi m a k i i e s a e com m e ce i
egit r d
r
y r on
s s n nfi ng
r n nt r t t
r n

con to wih t s l oradve tsng ofgoods ors r i . 4 M c ty on Tr mar and
nec in t he ae
ri i
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