World Fuel Services, Inc. v. John E. Retzner Oil Company

Filing 51

ORDER GRANTING SUMMARY JUDGMENT granting 42 Motion for Summary Judgment. Closing Case. Motions Terminated: 42 Plaintiff's MOTION for Summary Judgment filed by World Fuel Services, Inc.. Signed by Judge Patricia A. Seitz on 1/17/2017. (lan) NOTICE: If there are sealed documents in this case, they may be unsealed after 1 year or as directed by Court Order, unless they have been designated to be permanently sealed. See Local Rule 5.4 and Administrative Order 2014-69.

UNI
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT
CT
SOU TH ERN D I
STRI O F FLOR I A
CT
D
CA SE N O .1 20787- V - TZ/ RN OFF
6C1 SEl TU

W ORLD FUEL SERVI
CES,I C.
N
Pli tf,
a n if
VS.

J
OHN E.RETZNER Ol COM PANY,I .
L
NC.
Def nda .
e nt
/
O R DER G R AN TI G SU M M A RY JU D G M EN T
N

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s
y
6 De e d n
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te
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STAN D ARD

S mmayj dg n i a p o raewh nt ep e d n s d p sto s a s r t
u r u me t s p r p it e h la i g , e o iin , n we s o
i erogaores and a isons t t wih t a fda t ,s
nt r t i ,
dm s i , ogeher t he fi vis how t ei no g ne is as
her s
enui s ue

t a ymaeilfc a dta temo igp ryi e tte t aj d me ta amatro lw.
o n tra a t n h t h vn a t s n ild o u g n s te f a
Andes v. i ryLobb l ,477U. 242, ( 986) W he t maeralfcsae
ron f be t
y, nc.
S. 247 1 . n he t i a t r

u dip tda dt eo l q e to t b d cd daeq sinso lw, u r j d me t y
n s u e n h ny u sins o e e i e r ue t f a s mmay u g n ma
o
begrntd. e
a e Sar gamal aLt v Mose 635F. 1 1 ( 1h Ci.2011 .
ndi d . ly,
3d 284, 290 1 t r
)
DI
SCU SSI
ON
A.Dee
f ndantm at r aly br he t c r .
e i l eac d he ont act

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s e i s ue n hi a e e
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nus mount
s
a r a pai Ast t alege br ac t pa te ha si aedt tt sgne a f l
le dy d.
o he l d e h, he ris ve tpul t ha hey i d ue
pur has c r t whe e Def nda woul pur has fom Pl ntf 630, ga l off l
c e ontac, r by
e nt
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ai if
000 lons ue

e c mo t i 2 6 ( 41!4. Th p risas siu ae t a De e d n tnnnae t e
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1 e a t lo tp ltd h t fn a t e i td h
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4. antf li , nd fndantdoesnotdiput
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t tDef nda ha r f e t pay f t r
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or he emai ngf elneg it d undert c r c . Thus
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ota e
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,
t fr tque to t be dec ded i whet rD ef nt sf l et pa f t r m ai ng f
he i s
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ns iut
t i e ch,
t s
pe f
nce
t

got t e snc oft c rc.MDS (
o he se e he onta t
Canada I .v RadSour eTec o e ,I . 7
) nc .
c
hnolgis nc, 20

F. 8 8 ( t Ci.201 .
3d 33, 49 11h r 3)

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e ems f h o ta t tt :l iu e y rha e Dee a t o a e e ep f
f
1 oft de inae qua iyofpr twihi t a i bl ( hj.. wilno rla e
00% he sg td ntt
oduc t n he pplca e mont . l t ee s

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ga
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' DE e
ss ddedll Defnda wa rquie t pa f
. e nt s e rd o y or
4

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ac
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t r t ook he ul m
. enda ' ef a
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o y or he em ni ue he ef e
tt e
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ai if nis he l ton nd r
he onta t
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ue o
lveed

o ap riua d y ( 4 a 5)
n at lr a .DE 2 t .
c
5N ordoe Deenda pr dea e de ordicus i t s
s f nt ovi ny vi nce
s son o uppor eihe isFis A fi i D eens r gar ng
t t r t r t fnnatve f e e di
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antf l d aiur o t t li
t ûh fr tve e e e r ng upe ve ng
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6TheLitng Re ts ii a1 i vi llfsm adeby De e ntunde t c r c . ( 4l!9.
fi
por pecfes l ndi dua it
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r he onta t DE ; j

B. Pl ntf i e i l d t f lpaym e f al re ai ng f under t c r t
ai if s nt te o ul
nt or l m ni uel
he ont ac .

The dipu e i s i aque ton oflw- wha doe t pari s m it n a ee nt
s t d s ue s
si
a
t s he te ' te gr me
r quiei da a gi n t Def nda ' m a e i br ac Pl ntf c e t a e ntby
e r n m ges ve he e nts t ral e h. ai if ont nds he gr eme
is e e st nus i a t a orpa ' r tt te il Pl ntf t pay e f a lr m ai ng
t xpr s e
s s ke
t
y' contac ha nttes ai if o m nt or l e ni

f lt ag e m e r quie i t pr de.De e ntdia e , r ui t c r c i nott ke
ue he r e nt e r d t o ovi
f nda s gr es a g ng he onta t s
a

orpa i s tncebe us ( )istr dono c e aet alenai pef
y n ubsa
ca e 1 t ems
t ontmplt he tr tve ronnanc
e
optonsr uie i tkeorpa a ee t,a ( t c rc lcksamakeupclus Thus
i eq rd n a
y gr mens nd 2) he onta t a
- a e.
,
a cor ng t De enda ,da
c di o f nt mage s d bebas on Pli tf a t l s si ac or nce
s houl
ed
a n ifs c ual os e n c da
wih FLA. AT.672. whih c fest Unior Comm e c a Code
t
ST
709, c odii he f m
ril
.

Co ta tc nsr cin i aq e to o lw a p o itl d cd do s mmayj d me t
nrc o tu to s u si n f a p r praey e i e n u r u g n .
Fe o , LC v Co s a I tr a in ll c,1 5F. u p. d 1 6 ,1 71( D. a 2 6 (iig
r x L . n e l ne n to a, n . 7 S p 3 3 3 3 S. Fl. 01 ) ctn
Sargamal a,635F. a 1 .Conta ttr mus bei epr t i t c e oft
e
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3d t 290)
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ntr gr m nt nd
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ons r
n onfi t t not r f sbl

Fe o 1 F.Supp.3da 1 s ealo Unie St e v Pilgo,1 F. 703,71 ( t Ci.
r x, 75
t 373; e s
td ats . ea 35 3d
0 11h r

1 (l hent c r ttr c lc,t s ii tr co r sove t g rlone' .
998) s
W
wo ontac ems onfit he pecfc e m ntol r he enea .'
)
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r he an angua ofac r c i una guous t wrte tnnsa et bes evi nce
ge
onta t s mbi
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oft pa tes i e ,a t pli mea ng oft e tnnsc r s S ngi v Ge pr n
he ri ' nt nt nd he a n
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Fa l O hc s LLC, 8 F. u p. d 1 9 ,1 9 ( D. a 2 2 (iigAc ee a inNa 1
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8 3 S p 2 1 3 1 8 S. Fl. 01 ) ctn c lr to t
Sev.Cor v.Brc l Fi Se v . ot Cl I ,541So. 739,739( a1s DCA 1
r
p. ikel n. r s M or ub, nc.
2d
Fl t
989:.

T etr o h c nr t r aea 'ak o pa 'o l to .
h e ms fte o tac c e t ' e r y ' b i in
t
ga
Ta orpaya e nt aesa r i t oi i ty.( 45a 3. A tkeo pay
ke
greme s r tndad n he lndusr DE t ) a r
c r c oblgaesa b rt pur s a s ii d a ountofa f lata s ii d prc a i i
onta t i t
uye o cha e pec te m
ue
pec fe i e nd, f t
i unabl t do s t pa f t ta ount Se M obi Oi Ex or i drPr
s
eo
o, o y or ha m
. e
l l pl aton
oducng Sout as
i
he t

I v Unie Dit buton Companis, U. 2ll 229( )C1 tke- - yc rc
nc. . td sri i
e 498 S. ,
1991 A a orpa onta t
6

oblgaesapi i t pur has a s ii d vol ofga ata s ii d prc a i i i
i t
pelne o c e pec fe
ume
s
pecfe i e nd, f t s

una et dos t pa f t tvol .' Suc agre nt aeatr i pef ma e
bl o o,o y or ha ume'
) h e me s r lenatve ror nc
c r c s whe e buye hast opton t t ornott t t f l buti mus payt
onta t , r by
r
he i o ake
o ake he ue , t t
he
c r c e a o r ga dl s Pr nala Cor v Col ado I e s at Gas Co. 9 F. 677,
ont a t d m unt e r es . e t
p. . or
nt r t e
, 44 2d

689( 0t Ci.1 ) Buye i c
1 h r 991
r s ompe ai s le f hi efo t a pr s t s yt
ns tng elr or s frs nd omie o uppl he
f lr t rt n t f lis l. Unie s Re .Co p.v.
ue ahe ha he ue te f
v r al s r
Panhandl E.Pi eLi Co. 81 F.
e
p ne , 3 2d

77,8 ( h Ci.1 ;s ealoPr nala,944F. a 68 ( i t tû yme smade
0 5t r 987) e s e t
2d t 9 nothg ha t
pa nt
pur ua t t t ke orpaypr vii ... r notpay e sf t s l ofgas'untla id a
s nt o he a - o son a e
m nt or he a e
' i pple t

t tmeofs e .Courst r or vi buyerspayme a ispr s i t a e ntr t r
he i
al)
t heef e ew
'
nt s t omie n he greme ahe
t n a me ur ofda
ha
as e
mage . Uni e s Re . Cor ,81 F. a 8 n.
s1 v r al s
p. 3 2d t 0 4.

Threspart doc nt f m t pari 'sngl agee nt ()t M atr
e e ae ume s or he tes i e r me : i he se
Agreme ,daedJ nuay 1 201 (i t PRI Agre ntdaedM ac 1 201 a is
e nt t a r 3, 5,i) he SM
e me , t
rh 3, 4, nd t

Ex ii A,h Co fnnainFom, ae J n ay 1 , 01 , n (i t eGe e a Te .(
hbt t e n i to r d td a u r 2 2 5 a d ii h n r l nns DE
)
41! lj l tr c nlc b t e ted u n s tePRI Ag e me t n is
! . f ems o tit ewe n h oc me t,h
SM r e n a d t
Confnnai For tkepr c denc ( 41 1at2.
i ton m a e e e. DE )
The PRI A gr e e s a es
SM
e m nt t t :
Thi i a ia orpa a ee e .l t eve t tt a t m ont y vol e i
s s t ke
y' gr m nt n he nt ha he c ual
hl
um s

ls t a tes cfe q a tt d rn a ( nh) P r h s ra re t a fi r
e s h n h pe i d u niy u ig ny mo t , u c a e g e s h t al e
u
t t r ceptof 1
o ake e i
00% oft de i e q ntt ofpr uc ...wilno
he sgnatd ua iy
od t
l t
r l as Pur ha e f om i s oblga i t pa Sele as i Pur ha e ha t ke
ee e
c sr r
t
i ton o y
lr
f
c sr d a n
r c i of 1
e ept
00% oft pr t ....Sel r s l t e or have t rg t
he oduc
le hal, her f e,
he i ht o
i c Pur has r a i Pur has r ha f l c ple wih t t r s of t
nvoie
c e , s f c e d uly om i d t he e m
he
Or r Confr a i Fo a Pur has r he e agr e t tm el pay Sele i
de
i m ton nn, nd
c e r by e s o i y
lr n
. . .

ac or nc wih s di c s.
c da e t ai nvoiet)
7Thege alpu os oft t - o - clus i t appori t rs off lpr
ner m e he ake rpay a e s o
ton he iks ue oducton a s l bewee t
i nd aes t n he
bu ra s lr Thes l be r t rs ofpr ton o s y.Tocompens et s le f t trs a
ye nd ele .
eler a s he ik
oduci r uppl
at he elr or ha ik, nd
e ur ac tnuousca h fow,buyera ee t tke,orpa f i nott n, m i m um qua iy ofga .The
ns e oni
s l
gr s o a
y or f ake a ni
ntt
s
bu rbe st rs ofmar tde nd.Thet - rpayclus i ur t ti t dema f ga goe down,
ye ar he ik
ke ma
ake o a e ns es ha f he
nd or s s

s le wil tl r c i et ep ief rt eCo ta tQu n i dei ee e c y a . ie s l s, 3 F.da 8 .
elr l si e e v h rc o h n r c a tt lv r d a h e r Un v r a Re . 81 2 t 0
l
y
7

( 411a 71 Th si ca sctk o p ylng a et t p l o t fnd n ' o iaint
DE - t . i s lsi a e r a a u g ha s el u Dee a ts bl to o
s
g
pay f rt mont y a ountf r ar es ofwheherDef nda c
o he
hl m
uel eg dl s
t
e nt hoos t tke t f .Se
es o a he uel e

Pr nala,944F. a 687( i smiartkeorpa lnguag ;Uni ralRe .Cor ,81
e t
2d t quotng i l a
ya
e) ves s p. 3
F. a 8 ( i smia tkeorpaylng gei çc
2d t 0 notng i lr a
a ua s lommon'a S nf c abl') M oeo r
' nd t or e e'. r ve,
e
t lnguag c im st tt pa tes agr e e i a at r tve pe f m a e c r c .
he a
e ontr ha he ri ' e m nt s n le na i
ror nc onta t
De e ntsopton t pa f a t ket f ,orpa t val oft f wiho tki i,
f nda ' i o y or nd a he uel
y he ue he uel t ut a ng t as
w e lasPl ntf oblga i t s y a gua a e d am ountoff la a fxed pr c a e cl a l
l
ai i fs i tons o uppl
r nt e
ue t i
i e, r e r y

sa e i t PRI Ag e m e .Rea t e he ,De e ntsbar i d-oroblga i t pay
t t d n he
SM
r e nt
d og t r f nda ' gane f
i ton o

whehe ornoti t ke t f li cea a unambi
t r
t a s he ue s l r nd
guous
.
Def nda at mpt t cr umve t e e es t
e nt te s o ic
nt hes xpr s ennsby poi i t t M aser
ntng o he
t
A gr m en ' us oft w or ç c s ' nd l m a . The M a t rA g e m e s a es
ee t s e he
ds s ha e' a l
pur
da ges'
'
s e r e nt t t :

Buye a e a a knowl dgest ti or rf r s le t ofe t pr ta a
r gr es nd c
e
ha n de o e lr o f r he oduc t
fxe prc ove t a i bl de i r pe i s l r ha e e e i o or m a
i d ie
r he pplca e lve y r od, ele s nt r d nt
y
e eri o one ormor he i ta a tonswih t r pa te .l t e
nt nt
e dg ng r ns c i
t hid ris n he ventt t
ha
Buye pur ha e l st n t f lc r c e qua iy f a r as ...Buye
r c s s es ha he ul onta t d ntt or ny e on
r
s lbe la e t Selerf a lda a i r d ....
hal
i bl o l or l m ges ncur e

( 41 1a 2- j Dee nti epr st tnn ç c s 't me n e l i l isoblgain
DE - t 3. fnda ntr et he e s haes'o a xcusvey t i to
pur
t t and pa and a hi l st t ki and pa ng f t f lw oul be c i e a
o ake
y;
nyt ng es han a ng
yi or he ue
d
onsder d

b e c Howe r t si e pr t to die ty c l cswih t cla t ke orpa l ngua i
r a h.
ve , hi nt r e ai n r c l onti t t he e r a
y a
ge n
t PRI Agr e e . To t e e t nnsc lc a
he SM
e m nt
he xt nt e
ontit mongt contac doc nt , het
he
r t ume s t enns
oft PRI A g e m e - whe et t ke orpa l
he
SM
r e nt
r he a
y angua i f
ge s ound- gover M or ve ,
n.
eo r
Def nda ' a gum e i e a basc prnci e ofc r tc t u ton, el t twhen t o
e nts r
nt gnor s
i i pl
ontac ons r c i nam y ha
w
co r c t r sconfi t t s ii t r c r sove t ge r lt r . Pi l
nt a t e m
l c , he pec tc e m ont ol
r he ne a e m
e ago,1 F. a
35 3d t

71 The M ase Agr e e r f r nc De e ntsge a oblga i t ç cha e'he
0.
t r e m nt e e e es f nda ' ner l i ton o s
pur s 't
c r c e a o off l t PR I A g e m e r er nce Def nda ' s c fc oblga i t
ont a t d m unt ue ; he
SM
r e nt ef e s e nt s pe is
i ton o
' y' f t con r c e f leve i i el c s no t t ke i. Bec us t PRI Confr a i
l ' or he t a t d ue
pa
n ft et to a t
a e he
SM
im ton
8

saesam o es fcoblga i t t orpa lnguagegove ns
tt
r pecii
i ton, he ake
y a
r .
De e nts par t y poi t t apr son i t PRI Agr eme t tsa e û ft
f nda e ael
n s o ovii n he SM
e nt ha t t s:s he
l

P rh s rd e n t ith c nr ce b resrtbya sae a o e (i)I s al ec nsd rd
u c a e o s o lf te o ta td ar l aa l s ttd b v . sc t h l b o i ee
amaeil ra ho ti Ag e me ta da Trnscinsr ltdte eo'( 41 1a 6 71
tra b e c f h s re n n ny a a to eae h rt . DE - t - .
'
Rea i co e oft e iepa a a ,8t spr son dic s sDef ndantsoblg ton t
d n nt xt he ntr r gr ph hi ovi i s us e
e
' iai o
t kef i a oxi t y e la
a uel n ppr ma el qua mount ea h m ont notisoblga i t pa The
s c
ht i ton o y.
pr s on i no r l va t t t ke o pa i s
ovi i s t e e nt o he a r y s ue.

T elc o ma eu cau ed e n tn ga etece rtk o pa In a .
h a k fa k p l s o s o e t h la a e r y a gu ge
Ta orpa c r c sofe tm e i l makeup clus s whe e t buyerma
ke
y onta t tn i s nc ude
a e , r by he
y
r ou t f pad f butnott ke wihi a c ran a
ec p he uel i or
a n t n e ti mountoftm e. Pr nala, F.
i See e t 944 2d

a 687( rctgrntdbu rce tf gaspai f butnottkena pe mit buye t
t conta a e ye rdi or
d or
a nd r ted
ro
rco t gasove t tr oft c r c) Uni ralRe .81 F. a 80(a ) Howe ,
e up he
r he em he onta t; ves s, 3 2d t s me.
ver
t ke orpa ag ee en s a e enf c d wihouts h m a up c a es Se I e natonalM i r s
a
y r m t r
or e
t
uc
ke
l us . e nt r i
ne al

andChe calCor v fl I . 770F. 879,8818 ( 0hCi.1 (onta tr quie
mi
p. . ano, nc,
2d
-2 1 t r 985) c r c e rd

b y rt p r h s mii m a u t fg swihnoma e u ca s ) S bieCo p. .ONG
u e o u c a e nmu mo n o a t
k - p lu e; a n r v
We tr I ,7 F.
se n, nc. 25 Supp.11 11 66( . Ok1 1 tame .
57, 64- W D. . 989) s l
De e nta guest lck ofam a up ca ene t st una guoustke orpa
f nda r
he a
ke
lus ga e he mbi
a
y
l nguage oft conta . s a gum e i w ihou m e i. Def nda i a expe i nc
a
he
r ct Thi r
nt s t t rt
e nt s n
r e ed
whol s l ri t f s y i t y whe e t ke orpay c r c sar s anda d. Thusi
e a e n he uel uppl ndus r
r a
ont a t e t r
t

pr s a ywoul ha r se t ta ma u c a ebei l d i t c r ts d one
e um bl
d ve eque t d ha
ke p l us
ncude n he ontac houl

8Thef l par r phr ds
ul ag a ea :

Pucae sallt S rltdv lme i aprxmaeye a a u spoae o e teDeiey
rh sr hl i PRIM eae ou sn j o i tl qul mont rrtd vrh l r
f
v
Pei unl sot r s a ee by t pa tesl wrtng.I t Pur s doe notlf t conta t d
rod, es he wie gr d
he ri n ii f he cha er s
it he
rce

b resrtbya sae a o e (ilIs al ec n i rdamaeilbe c o ti Age me ta da y
arl aa l s ttd b v .sc t h lb o sdee
tra ra h f hs re n n n
Tr a tonsr ae t r o.
ans ci eltd heet

9

h be r quied. M or r t a e ofam a up opton doesno a f c Def nda '
ave en e r
eove , he bs nce
ke
i
t f e t e nts

o lg to t p y. e S b n Cop.7 5F. u p. tl 8 (t a s mp int a g fn a t
b iain o a S e a i e r , 2 S p a 1 4 $ su to h t Dee d n )
An
ca
nnotr oup s h pa e sdoesnotr rt t ke orpa pr vii ort pa e
ec
uc ym nt
ende he a - - y o son he ym nt

o lg to u d rt c nr c ap n l o al u d tdd ma e p o ii n' .Th tk o p y
b iain n e he o ta t e at r i i ae a g s r v so .) e a e r a
y
q
'
l ngua r m a nse or e e.
a
ge e i nf c abl

J Pl n t i e t ld t a a r o 3 1 , 6 . .
. ait s ni e o n wa d f$1 ,577 920
t
Br a ofat keorpay a ee nte ilst non- e c ng pa t t paymen si
e ch
a
gr me ntte he
br a hi
ry o
t t
woul ha r e ve unde t c r c wih no dut t m ii t da a s Se Pr nala,944
d ve ec i d
r he onta t t
y o tgae m ge . e e t

F. a 690(alultngs le' damage a t val oft c rc l sa amount ale y
2d t
c c ai elrs
s the ue he onta t es ny
s rad

pad) Deenda wa oblgae t pa f 630, gal off le c mont a afxe prc
i . f nt s i td o y or 000 lons ue a h
h t i d ie

of$ .0 3p rg lo . DE 41!4. fn a t i f r h e t ef e rq ie nt o te
20 7 e aln (
)De e d n pad o t e ni u l e ur me f r h
r
mont ofJ nua ya welas375,41galonsoff f t mont ofFe uay.d. 1 1
h a r s l
0
l
uel or he
h
br r 1 !! 0-1 .
Def nda hasnotpa d f t r i ng 6, 959galonsoff .Att c r c e prc pe
e nt
i or he ema ni 554,
l
uel
he onta t d i e r

gal n,Pl i ifi t en ild t $1 1 769. i da a . cor ngl i i
lo antf s hus tte o 3, 57, 20 n m ges Ac di y, t s
ORD ERED THA T

Pli ifs Moton f Summar J
antf'
i or
y udgme g 421i GRANTED.A fnal
nt DE
s

j d e n wil ee tr db spaaeo d r
u g me t l b n ee y e rt r e .
()
2

Al pe ngmotonsnotr e o ar DENI AS M OOT.
l ndi
i
uld n e
ED

()
3

Thi c s i CLOSED.
s ae s

DONEANDORDE iMimiFoiahs/p dyoJnay21.
RED n a ,lrdti * faur,07
a
*
-

*

PA TR I I A .S TZ
A
UN I
TED STA TE S D I
STR I T J D G E
C U

cc:
Couns lofRec d
e
or

10