Viciedo Valero v. Cadelo de Nevi

Filing 57

FINAL ORDER requiring that the child be returned to Quebec, Canada no later than September 21, 2017. Signed by Judge Federico A. Moreno on 8/31/2017. (lfs)

UNI
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT FOR THE
CT
SOU TH ERN D I
STRI OF FLO RI
CT
DA
M i miDi son
a
vii
C as N um ber 1 20745- l - O R EN O
e
: 7C VM

RAYM EL VI EDO VALERO,
CI
Pettoner,
ii

CLA U D I CAD ELO D E N EV I
A
,
Re ponde .
s
nt

FI AL O R DE R
N

Li m os c t d s es t sc e c i outf ar ol i t bedi tt d by t
ke
t usody i put , hi as res
or es uton o
c ae
he
pa teswhoha t m os t gan a l e t pa e s Butlkemos c t diput s t
ri
ve he
t o i nd os he r nt .
i
t usody s e , he

d ii ove t lf ofac l i t sca e 3%- a - d CarosFei Vi e Cadeo- i t
ec son r he ie
hid n hi s , ye r ol
l
lpe cido
l so
bem a notbyt ewho l hi pe ii rf he a Res
de
hos
ove m- ttone at r nd ponden m o he - butby a
t t r

sr n e- aj g wh ha tk na o t t u h l t lw.l t i c s ,hea p ia l 1w i t e
ta g r ud e o s a e n ah o p od he a n h s a e t p lc b e a s h
Ha Conve i on t Ci lAs c sofI e a i Chid Abduc i sg byt t
gue
nton he vi pe t
nt m tonal l
ton, i ned he wo
co resi que ton her Ca da a t Unied St t s a t I e a i Chid Abduci n
unti n si
e: na nd he t
a e ; nd he nt m tonal l
to

Re de Ac o 1 8 42U. C. 1 6 () pa s dbyteUntd S ae Co r s t i lme t
me is t f 98 ,
S. j 1 03b , se
h ie tts ng e s o mp e n
t Ha ueConve i Theteay dit t swhe he t c t a bate s d be f hti a
he g
nton.
r t cae
t r he usodil tl houl
oug n
saccour i Fl rdawhe et m ot ,Cludi Ca l DeN e ,
tt
tn oi
r he her a a de o
vi now lvesorby a c ti
i
our n

Qu b c Ca a awh r t ft r Ra me Viid Vae o h srsde An t eh a t
e e , n d e e he ahe , y l ce o lr , a e i d. d h e rwrn higp r n n r ln i t b ma ebyti f d r lu g i M imi
e c n ema e t ui g s o e d
h s e ea j d e n a .

Th fd rl u g do sn t e iewheetec idwil eb te o f whehe :( )i
e e ea j d e e o d cd
r h h l l b e tr f, t r 1 n
M imi wher hepr e l r eve ne de c efom pr f s i l a al ng mot r who i
a ,
e
es nty ec i s e d ar r
o e sona s nd ovi
he ,
s
aCuba na i a hass
n tonal nd
oughta yl i t Unie St t afe te i Ca dawhe e s
s um n he td aes tr l e ng na
r he

lv d, na d of f rmo et nay a n a tec id sfte ; r( )wi t ec id sft e , loa
ie o n f, o r ha e r e r h hl ' ah r o 2 t h hl ' ah r as
h
Cuba nai lwhowo ksi r rlQue ca now lve i as lt Dr mmond le,a t
n tona
r n ua
be nd
i s n mal own, u
vil fer
r sdi i a ve y s lvil ge,SaitGuilum e on and of, ih t mot rand c l
e i ng n
r mal la
n - la ,
f w t he he
hid.

Rahe,t nar is bef et sCo ti t de i (1 i t mot rwr uly
t r he row s ue or hi ur s o cde: ) f he he ongf l
r
emove t c l fom Ca dai lt Se e r201 a ( i s pr
d he hid r
na n ae ptmbe 6; nd 2) f o ovenbyt ft r
he ahe
peiini frt c l srt nt Que c, t rt mot rha me herbur nt prvet t
tto ng o he hid' eur o be whehe he he s t
de o o ha
t r t n oft c l woul ca egr a rs ofphysc lo ps
he eur
he hid
d us e t ik
i a r ychol c ha m t t c l
ogial r o he hid.
TH E L AW

TheHag Conve i r uie Peii rf t rt pr by a pr ponde a eof
ue
nton eq r s ttone ahe o ove,
e
r nc

t e de e,hreee nt:( )t ha t lr sde oft c l i
he vi nc t e lme s 1 he biua e i nce he hid mmeditl beor t dae
aey f e he t

o t ealg dwr ng u rmo a; 2 wheh rt er mo a wa i b e e o t eft e ' c td
f h le e o f l e v l ( ) te h e v l s n r a h f h ah rs uso y
rg t u d rCa a inlw; n ( )wh t e teft re e cs dc so yrg t a t etmeo t e
ih s n e n d a a a d 3 eh r h ahe x rie u td ih s t h i f h
alege wr ulr m o l I t f t rpr
l d ongf e va . f he a he ovest f t t s
he ac s o uppo tt et e ee e s t n
r hos hr e lm nt , he

Repo d n moh rha t eo p ru iyt p o e a a afr tv d fns u d rAril 1 ()o
s n e t t e s h p o tnt o r v , s n fimaie ee e n e tce 3b f
t Hag Conve i t tt r i ag a rs t tt c l sr t nt Que cwoul e e
he ue
nton,ha hee s r ve ik ha he hid' eur o be
d xpos
t c l t physca orps hol c lha oro he wieplcet c l i a i olr bl
he hid o
i l
yc ogi a nn
t r s a he hid n n nt e a e
st ton.Re ponde mot ropposng t c l sr t n t Cana bea st bur n of
iua i
s
nt he
i he hid' e ur o
da r he de
esa ihi t gr ve rs e pton by c e ra c ncng evi e.Se 42 U . C.
tbls ng he a ik xce i
l a nd onvi i
denc
e
S.

jl1 e( ( .
603()2)A)

-

2-

1.
I

TH E FA C TS

ahe s
n tona
s c
M os oft f t a eundiput d. The ft ri aCuba nai lwho ha be om ea
t he acs r
s e

rsde i Que c,Ca da.Themohe i aCuba nai whonow s e poltc la yl i
ei nt n be na
t rs
n tonal
e ks iia s um n
t Unie Stts bu prvi l lve wiht ft ra t rs i Que c, na fom
he td ae , t e ousy i d t he ahe nd hei on n be Ca da r
M a c 25, 6 t Se e be 20, 6be or s r
r h 201 o pt m r 201 f e he emovedt c l t t Unied St t s
he hid o he t
ae .

Be or t tsx- hsa i Que c,hemohe ha ar a lve i Ca dafom Novembe
f e ha i mont ty n be t
t r d le dy i d n na r
r
1 201 t J nua y 1 201 fom Se e be 24,201 t Ocobe 26,201 fo Fe a y 7,
4, 5 o a r 8, 6; r
ptm r
5o t r
5; r m bnzr
201 t M a c 2,201 a f o M a c 23, 4 t Se e be 21, 4.
5 o rh
5; nd r m
rh
201 o pt m r 201

Themot rta le bac a f rh fom Ca da t Cubat r cevec e te t nt
he r ve ld k nd o t r
na o
o e i anc r r a me ,

whih unf t t y r ule i t deah oft cou e' s co unbor c l Theda e oft
c
orunael es t d n he t
he pl s e nd
n hid.
t s he
m o he ' sa i Cana ar noti diput butt i l galsgnii a eon a Ca a viiors
t rs t ys n
da e
n s e, her e
i fc nc
nadin st '
viawa ho l de ed.
s s ty bat
Thepari sas diput d t c e' lvi c tonswhiei Ca da;t a ou of
te lo s e he oupl s i ng ondii
l n na he m nt
fna i ls
i nc a uppor pr de by t f t r t exit eofhe lhc ei ur nc i Ca da;t
t ovi d he a he ; he senc
at ar ns a e n na he

a ia lt oft r pit f t chid a how t pa f t a a t de eeofde e i a i
va lbiiy he a ss or he l nd
o y or her py; nd he gr
t ror ton
oft unma red c e' r l tons p.Asi mos cusody fght , heunf t t r eoft
he
ri oupl s e ai hi
n
t t
i st
oruna e ol he
lwye swast pr s nta lt nega i as t ofea h pa e .And t tt y di Thus t
a r
o e e 1 he
tve pecs
c r nt
ha he d.
, he
f t waspr en e a ac r lng i vi , e sveoverne t s a or ri hi t
aher
es t d s ontoli ndi dual obs s i
a ne s nd de n s wobedr om a rme .He wa s
o
pa t nt
s hown t bea hort tve, m a ng,a s e ta r ant a
o
ut iai de ndi nd om wha r og , nd

durng at ee da vi i by a find, om aDuo fom Boson, a ungr i hos .The
i
hr - y st
re Pal
ng r
t as n
acous t
f t s tmoney on hi c sa pa dt r ntwhe t c e s pa a e buta t ve y e of
aher pen
s ar nd i he e
n he oupl e r t d,
t he r nd

t mot rssa i Cana boug f fom t be t rceve fom t Que a hortes
he he ' ty n
da
ht ood r he neks e i d r he bec ut ii
pr vi d f t c l swela e.
o de or he hid'
fr

-

3-

On t ot rha t m ot rwa s
he he nd, he he s hown asawom a who us d s
n
e ome oft c l s
he hid'
we f r m one t ta lt Cubawih t c l Shedi notlkelvi wih no c ri avil e i
la e
y o r ve o
t he hid.
d
i i ng t
a n lag n

n rl e e wiho eman r a a d 1 0 ih btn s n mao s pemak t, n s bsa ta
za Qu b c t n i o d n 5 0 n a ia t, o j r u r r es a d u tnil
ioltonc
s ai ompardt mer ia M imi Shetsiidt tt ei plnt off i Que c
e o topoltn a .
etfe ha her s e y ood n be
compa edt Ha na,butofc s t tM im ii be trt n bo h.
r o va
oure, ha a s te ha t
11
1.
A.

FI DI G S
N N

H abiualR e i nc
t
s de e

TheCour e iy fndst tt ha t lr sde eoft c l bef r hi r
t asl i ha he biua e i nc
he hid o e s emova by t
l he

mot ri l eSe e r201 wasQue ,Ca
he n at ptmbe 6
bec nada.Themot rsat ne compli
he ' tor y
aned
t o houtt ti a i c osng a gumen t tt m o he ' ha t r i e a t tmeof
hr ug
he ral nd n l i r
t ha he t rs biual esdenc t he i

t aleg r m ova wa i Cuba.l i u s ed t tt mot rha aphysc r s de ei
he l ed e
l sn
t s ndiput ha he he d
ial e i nc n
Cubaa r c ve m e c lteam e i Cuba, r bot par nt a t chid we ebom .But
nd e ei d di a r t nt n
whe e h e s nd he l r
,
bo h pa te a ee t tCuba, c i de a l i notasgna or t t Ha Conve i
t ris gr d ha
whi h nci nt ly s
i t y o he gue
nton,

wa ac r t tbo h pa e t a
s ounty ha t r n s bandone a ac r whe enet rpa e wa st e cs
d nd ounty
r ihe r nt nt o xer ie
pa e a rg s Thus t Co tde i edt he mor e denc a
r nt l i ht .
, he ur cln o ar e vi e boutCu Themot rs
ba.
he '
c
ouns la gue t tsncet a l ed ha t lr sde oft c l wasCuba a t tmeoft
e r d ha i he leg
biua e i nce he hid
t he i
he

r m ova fom Ca
e
lr
nada t n t sCour i powe l st r eunde t Ha Convento
, he hi
ts
res o ul
r he gue
i n.
Ho ve , heCo tne notr c t is oft r i nc i Cubabec us net rt m o he
we r t
ur ed
ea h he s ue he esde y n
a e ihe he t r
nort f t re r s d c t alrght t r I i undiput d t tbot pa en sa eCuba
he ahe xe cie usodi i s he e. t s
s e ha h r t r
n

poltc lr f eswho a ndone Cubaf obvi r a ons
iia e uge
ba
d
or
ous e s .

Theef e, itntwihMoz sv Moz s, F. 1 ( hCi. ) ii cla t t
r or consse t
e . e 239 3d 067 9t r 2001 ,t s e r ha
t c l shabiualr i ncei Ca
he hid'
t esde
s nadaa t Cour ne notdecdet hy t tca is of
nd he
t ed
i he po he i l s ue
pos i edua ha t lr sde
sbl
l biua e i nce.

-

4-

I i tuet tt m ot rha a Ca di n ta lviat o houthe sxt s r ha he he d
na a r ve s hr ug
r i mont sa i
h ty n
201 he a o m ael f 6, r ppr xi t y ourmont sa i 201 a he i e mit te ghtm ont sa i 201
h t y n 5, nd r nt r ten i h ty n 4.

Alhough i i af c ort consde ,hede a ofape m a ntr sde y pe ii i notdipostve,
t
ts at o
i rt
ni l
r ne e i nc tton s
s ii
es cily whe c i rng t mot rscea l saed t tm o ofhe l t ndi i e t
pe a l
n onsde i he he ' l ry t t esi ny
r ongsa ng ntnt o
t ker sde e i Ca
a e i nc n nada.I addii t f t r aCana a l lr i nt i a s s e ng
n
ton, he ahe ,
di n ega esde , s lo e ki

rsd n yno j tfrhi c idb t o t mo h rof h c l f rwh m t efte ha a re t
e ie c t us o s h l u f r he t e t e hi o o h ah r s g e d o
d,
co i t s ort r i y e n a trt br a up oft rr a i hi
ntnue o pons he esdenc ve fe he e khei eltons p.

TheCour a s fndst tt c l sr m ova by t m ot ri Se e r201 wa i
t lo i ha he hid' e
l he he n pt mbe
6 sn
br ac oft f t r sc t rg sa t f t rha i c t d t the ma ha t go t co ti
e h he ahe ' usody i ht s he a he d ndia e ha
y ve o o ur n
Ca dat r s vet c l selgi lt f i ur ecove age.Couns lf t m ot r i
na o e ol he hid' i biiy or ns anc
r
e or he he , n
c osng a gume ,poi e o t lc o pr i t c am sma i t org na peii f t
l i r
nt nt d ut he a k f oof n he l i
de n he i i l tton or he
c l sr t t Ca
hid' eum o nada, nd i i t et ts
a t s nz ha ome oft al ga i i t peii we e no
he le tons n he tton r t
pr ve Butt thappe i m a ci lc s .A pe ii i m a ,a c
o n.
ha
ns n ny vi a es
tton s de ompl i i fl d,a whe
ant s ie nd
n
you hea t e de ,i c onnst t pe ii The lw i c e r The f t i l wha e r
r he vi nce t onf
o he tton.
a s la .
ac s ncude t ve

i pr s ntd a t he i The t Cour ana yz wha wasa t l pr e ed. I i ofno
s e e e t he arng. n, he
t l es t
c ualy es nt t s
mom e t tm or wa c am e i t orgi lpe ii n be a e note
nt ha
e s l i d n he i na tto c us
nough i onnai wa
nf
ton s

kn
own a t tme. I i m or i pora t detr i how t f t pr s nt dt i t eeda
t he i
t s e m tnt o e m ne
he ac s e e ed l ng hr
r
ys
ofti la y t t is a ha
ra ppl o he s ues t nd.
B.

C us odi lRi s
t a ght

Thedec son o whe he t f t rwase r ii c t a rght a t tm eoft
ii n
t r he ahe
xe c sng usodi l i s t he i
he
alege wr f r mova i a bi m or diûc t TheCour f e on t l tsx mont i
l d ong ul e
l s t e f ul.
t ocus d he as i
hs n
Cana butas c i e t a o m ael 15 ye sbe or t r a i hi s e
da,
lo onsder d he ppr xi t y . ar f e he eltons p our d.
Obvi l t par nt we eha i t begi ng. l not t mot rwoul no ha go t
ousy, he e s r ppy n he
nni
f ,he he
d t ve ne o

-

5-

o bl
d ve
o he td a e i
e
Ca
nadai t frtpl e. Shepr ba y woul ha comet t Unie St t slkehundr dsof
n he is ac
t us ndsofot rCuba .
ho a
he
ns
The 1 phot a ad it i o e denc s
4
ogr phs m ted nt vi e how af t rpl yi wih hi s c
a he a ng t s on, ampi
ng

wihhm, n e j yn liu etme Th Co r a r e t a tos a tvte d no d pc t
t i a d n o ig es r i . e u t ge s h t h e ciiis o t e it he
m an dute ofapa e .Themai r e ofapa e i t t keca eoft c l whih c n i l
i is
r nt
n ol
r nt s o a
r
he hid, c a ncude
dici i ng,f edi c
s plni e ng, hangi di pe s t a hi t how t us t ba hr ,ec. The e i no
ng a r , e c ng hem
o e he t oom t
r s
q ton t thit rc l i i unf rt ts h bur n f lsmor o m ot st n f t r .Soce y
uesi ha so ialy t s ai ha uc
de a l
e n
her ha ahe s
it

i i e c ngi a eve y cou e doe t ngsdif r nty.Butt Cour i de i ng t
s nde d ha ng nd r
pl
s hi
fee l
he
q n c di he
e r ieofc t a rght ,doe notde e m i who doesm or hous wor orwho doesm o e
xe c s
usodil i s
s
t r ne
e
e k
r

ti swiht fmiy Th s d s u e aede i db j dg sha i j rs it n o rc so il
hng t he a l . o e ip ts r cde y u e vng u idci ve u t d a
o
rg t o s p r tdpae t.Ia miet s j d e a d n t n t ec alng st a t e fc
ih s f e a ae rn s d r ho e u g s nd o o e vy h h le e h t h y a e
on adaiy ba i--cha lng t tIr membe confontng 27 yea sa
l ss
le es ha e
r
r i
r go.
C.

Gra Rik o Abus
ve s f
e
Thephot a a it i o evi ncei c t d t tt f t ra s ha a good
ogr phs dm ted nt de
ndia e ha he a he nd on d

r a i hi i t pas.The Cour wa gld t tt m ot r sl wye sc nc i, rt
eltons p n he t
t s a ha he he ' a r onvi ed t ove he

r l tnceoft f t rslwye , o brngt s i o t c too .TheCour wasco f td
e uca
he ahe ' a r t i he on nt he ourr m
t
m ore
t s et c l co ei o t c toom s ii W hent Co tas d t m o he t putdown
o e he hid m nt he ourr
m lng.
he ur ke he t r o
t c l on t foor he e e d hi ar t r hi mot r c imi hi good r l to hi
he hid he l , xt nde s ms owa d s he , onfr ng s
e ai ns p
wih t mot r af tt tha neve bee diput d.Butt n, n Spa s t Cour as t
t he he , ac ha s
r n s e
he i
nih, he
t ked he

c l d r i yourf t r ' The c l t ned a ound, muc t e r
hid,k e s
whe
ahe ?'
hid ur
r
and
h o ve yone' s rs ,s ie
s up ie m l d,
r ogni d hi ,wentt hi ,a ga hi a hug.
ec ze m
o m nd ve m
TheCo twasi ed s prs d,notbe a e ofa har t thasoc ured i t pa t
ur
nde ur ie
c us
ny m ha
c r n he s,

b t u tta a t a a e atrap ro tmewi u h sft e , atc lrywih u v stto a
u j s h t t h t g , fe ei d i
t t i ah r p riu al t o t iiain,
ho

-

6-

c l ma f ge apa e .Ye , hi ha f t rc r id hi s a ga hi hi fves a t
hid y or t r nt t t s ppy ahe a re s on nd ve m gh i , nd he
c la
hid ppea e t be ha
rd o
ppy.

The f he ' r que tf r i sat f bot t m ot ra t c l i e de eof
at r s e s or esdent t us or h he he nd he hid s vi nc
t e r s ofhi c t a rght,ir pe tveofwhe he he now ha a he gilre i
he xe cie
s usodi l i s res ci
t r
s not r rfind, s
r l tntt pay f he lh i ur ei Ca da i f u i pr di m or fna i ls
e uca o
or at ns anc n na , s r gal n ovi ng
e i nc a uppor f
t or
hi c l ors lihl s ndss m eoft money on ne c saso
s hid, efs y pe
o
he
w ar
ppos t t c l I i f
ed o he hid. t s or

Cana a a hortesi Que ct r ol t ec r ris I i notf aHag Conve i
din ut ii n be o es ve hos ontovese . t s or
ue
nton

fd rl u g u ls i rs st alv l fce ra dc n icn e ie c o t eafr tv dee s
e ea j d e n e s t ie o e e o la n o vn ig vd n e n h fimaie fn e
ofg a r s ofda rt t chid.
r ve i k
nge o he l

Ha ng f
vi ound t t c l wa wr uly r m oved by t mot r t Cour fndst
hat he hid s ongf l e
he he , he
t i hat
t m ot rhasnotpr n by cla a co ncng e de e t g a rs e epto The
he he
ove
e r nd nvi i vi nc he r ve ik xc i n.
hi rnu be oft r pit a m e ca pr es i nal i M i miwhe c
ghe m r he a ss nd di l of so s n a
n ompa e t t vil geof
r d o he la

SantGuilemeort lr ert nofDr
i - la i
he a g ow'
ummondvil i Quebe i note h t prcl t
le n
cs
noug o e ude he
pr
omptrt noft c l t Que c.Nori t pay ntf oravalbiiyofi u a ei one
eur he hid o be
s he me or
ia lt ns r nc n
pr vi eve s a he ori onesa eve s a he .
o nc r us not r n
t t r us not r
The f c soft sc e do noti l a e de eofvi enc t
at
hi as
ncude ny vi nc
ol e owar et rt c l or
d ihe he hid
t m ot r The e w a t tm ony ofc i d s xualr l tons be w ee t pa e s a t
he
he . r
s es i
ontnue e
eai
t n he r nt nd he

d ndsf mor s x whih we er bufed by t mot r Ther wa alo c e bl evi ncet
ema
or e e
c
r e f
he he .
e s s r di e de
hat
t f he w oul s nd hi 3%- a - d s t hi bed oom aspuni hm e a t r of t lg s
he at r
d e
s
ye r ol on o s r
s nt nd u n f he i ht

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d 41 1h r
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hi m ot r i unlkey t c us t ps hol ca orphyscalha t ti r quie by lw t
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e u nihe o;
Couns ofRe or
el
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