Letzer v. The Radiant Creations Group, Inc et al

Filing 50

ORDER AND OPINION DENYING DEFENDANTS' MOTIONS TO DISMISS COMPLAINT denying #23 Motion to Dismiss; denying #26 Motion to Dismiss. Signed by Judge Donald M. Middlebrooks on 12/19/2016. (lan)

UNI
TED STATES DI
STRI COURT
CT
SO UTH ERN DI
STRI O F FLO RI
CT
DA
CASE NO .16 14
- 349- V- I
CI M DDLEBROO KS
SHELLEY LETZER,

Pl i if
antf,

THE M DI
ANT CREATI
ONS GROUP,l ., a
NC
Fl i Cor a i GOLDEN RI
orda por ton;
VER CAPI ,
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SCU SSI N
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The Alxa ra Smih M otonspr pou ovel ppi a g nt f rdim isng e c
e nde nd
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4. Br a h o nta t
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de lng wih c am soffa ormit . l s h c es $ pa t m us sa ew ih pa tc art t
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ma n ri whc t e mildt ep an if a ( wh tted f n a t o ti da
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M ar ' ra o i o t ss be t q oe a ln t beo i p ru sv
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s cfct r uie byRul 9( .Thi Cour c l st tdes t t us oft
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wor 'faud,'a fa e ta f cai i sgnii a l dif e fom o he
d sr ' r udulnt r nser l m s i fc nty fer nt r
t r

fa cams t whih Rul 9( i die td. Gi n t s lck of a es t
rud li o c
e b) s rce
ve hi a
cc s o
i or i on t pa tofapli ifi a fa e ta f rca e, t a ia i
nf maton
he r
antf n r udulnt r ns e s he pplc ton
ofa heght ne pla ng sa d i i ppr i t .
i e d e di tndar s na opra e

GufCo s Pr d c ,I c v Am.Gr wes l c,No.0 - 0 3 - V,2 08 W L 6 01 0 a *
l at o u e n . .
o r, n .
7 8 6 3 C1 0
6 0, t 6
( D.Fl M a .7,2008 ( a a J, (ntma cttons omitd) Fort s r s ,l alo
S. a. r
) M n', ) i e l iai
te .
he e ea ons
s
co udet ta pli tf as e tng a ca e ofa ton unde FUFTA i f der lc tnee notm e t
ncl ha
a n if s ri
us
ci
r
n e a our
d
e

Rul 9b)sheghtne pla ngsa r Asar s t dimis lofLez ' FUFTA cai i not
e ( ' i e d e di tndad.
eul, s sa
ters
lm s
wa r nt d on t sbass
ra e
hi i.

The Smih De e nt a ncea t rg ound f rdimisngt sc , They ur t t
t f nda s dva
no he r
o s s i hi ount
ge ha

Lez rs alg t ns petiig t FUFTA f i t ra h e n Ru e 8a ( )s pe dng
te ' le ai
o
rann o
al o e c ve
l ( )2 ' la i
r quie e s a t tsa r hasbee i e pr t i Twomby a I . Asdic s a
e r m nt, s ha t nda d
n ntr eed n
l nd qbal
s us ed bove,
t e c e hol t t pl adi do not de
hos as s d ha e ngs
monsr t e il nt t r i whe t m e el
tae ntteme o elef
n hey r y
ge r t Sa l a concusons a af muli r cia i oft elm e sofa c us ofa ton.''
ne ae i bes nd
l
l i , nd or ac e tton he e nt
a e ci
Twomby,55 U . a 555. Le z ,a or ng t t Sm ih De e nt, doe no mor t n
l
0 S. t
t er cc di o he
t
f nda s
s
e ha

r he s t elment t a FUFTA cli ,as s adduc ' er unde l ng s
e are he e
s o
am
he
es s o
z
ryi uppori f c s
tng a t

whas ve.'( 26a 2) Leter howe r ct t as cfcs i ofta a ins ( )al n
toe r' DE t . z ,
ve , ies o pe ii eres rns cto : 1 oa

a r e n b t e Lez ra d Re e be flo d b ( )Re t b es a sg n o rg t
g e me t ewe n te n n wa l, o lwe y 2 n wa l ' si mne t f ih s
a o l ain t Ra in ,c n urt twih ( )Re wa l' s l o a st t c po aee tte
nd bi to s o da t o c rn t 3 ne be s ae f ses o o rt n i s
g
i
a s citdwiht i vi lDefnda s whih ld t ( t f t re ha ofRe wa e'
s o ae t he ndi dua e nt, c e o 4) he urhe xc nge
ne bl s
Q St a
S CS mong t e enttesz Al t e ta a tons des i d by Let r a a ds l ga '
hos
ii .
1 hes r ns c i ,
crbe
ze s çhe l me,'

heped o us t whih c
l
bf cae c ompany wa la ef t debtand whih ha t r s c t rpa i.
s ibl or he
c d he e our es o e y t
The s r c ur of t a l ged û he l ga e ' pr de s fc ent f c s t s
tu t e
he le
û l m ' ovi s uf i
s
a t o uppor t FU FTA
t he

2Leze alo at c as e bis t t Com pl ntc e ofs
t r s ta hes
xhi t o he
ai opis
ome oft r f r nce fna a
he e e e d i ncil

i tume sa c
nsr nt nd ommuni tonsconc ni t
cai
er ng hem.(
Compla Ex.15 .
.t
-)
7

e e nt a l lowst c tt dr t r as
l me s nd ç l
a
he our o aw he e onabl i e e t t def nda i labl f
e nf r nce hat he e nt s i e or
t m ic
he s onduc al d. I al 556 U .S. 678.Thati al Rul 8r quie .
t lege ' qb ,
'
at
s l e e rs
Cha ng cou s s e t t Sm ih De e
ngi
r e om wha , he
t f ndant i y t tLet rs f c sa e notnons mpl ha
ze ' a t r
e se ,t y a e me ey t vag . l pm i ulr t hi i t f tt t s r f r t t
xit nt he r
r l oo ue n
c a , hey ghlght he ac ha he e e s o he

ta f r of i s t ' ge r l a t ' rai 'of t Smih a A lxa r e ii , wihout
r ns e
i e s' ne aly nd o t t n'
as
ce
he
t nd e nde nttes t
s ciialy i tf ng t membe s of eihe caegor . Onc a i t Sm ih De e nt
pe fc l den iyi he
r
t r t y
e gan, he
t
f nda s
sr t t pl di sanda d t f r Twombl sa est tf t a lga i s
tech he ea ng t r oo a .
y tt ha acual le ton uppori Gplusbl
tng d a i e
g ounds'f a cli a e smpl t e t tS aie a r s bl expe t ton t dic r wil
r
' or a m r i y hos ha s s
r
ea ona e
c a i hat s ove y l
r ve e denc ofilgal'c uct Twombl , 55 U. a 5
e al vi e le ' ond .
y 0 S, t 45. A pli ifne no s e ch out
a ntf ed t k t
e r f c ofa pur tdl il alsna i ta a i i or rt r s t te ctton. I
ve y a et
pore y leg
ncal r ns cton n de o aie ha xpe a i
deal

S e lSu pl Cop.v An a,6 2F.d 31 ,3 3 2 ( d Ci. 01 )( ititc r d ma d d lv l
te p y r . z 5 3 0 2 - 4 2 r 2 1 dsrc ou t e n e e e
o pe dn l o j siid by T mby' wh n i ful d panif a s ri RI cam fr
f la ig i t u tfe
n
wo l ' e t a t litf s et
e
ng CO li o
omitng prcs me hani ofhow s heme opeae ;s e alo Vi on v Ve milon Cl., 776
ti e ie c cs
c
rtd) e s ns . r li y
F. 92 930 (t Ci.201 ( antf al i ilga polc s a c ofhome notrquie t
3d 4,
7h r 5) pli if legng le l ie e r h
e rd o

i e tf whc wi o o fc rp ee it ) A. L.C. v Ci o M i a 6 7 F.d 1 7 ,
d niy ih nd w fie e rd n o ; F - LO. . t f ami, 3 3 1 8
y
118 (11h Ci.2011 (i ie pla ng doe notrquie aplitf t s iial pla e r
6 t r
) s c e di
not
s
e r
anif o pecfc ly e d ve y

ee ntofhi ca eofa ton' .Notc pl di woul bec meanuliyi Lez r wiho t
lme
s us
ci '
)
ie ea ng
d o
lt f te , t ut he
bene i of dic r we e f c t al ge e cty whih a s t we e ta f r d a whi
ft
s ove y, r or ed o le xa l
c s e s r r nsere nd
ch
c or t e ii s we e t i r cpi nt a ea h sa of t pup o t s lga e. lt r f e
op ae ntte
r he r e i t s t c t ge he
red hel m
he e or

c n ld ta Lez rh ss tsidRue8 a( )spla igsa d r
o cu e h t te a aife l ()2 ' e dn t n ad.
M o e f m a itcal t Smih Def nt c ii ze Le z rs Compli a a d hot
r or lsi ly, he
t
enda s rtci
te '
a nt s d gun
s
pl a ng' i t te ch counti
e di ' n ha a
ncom or t a r - l sal oft f c sa oft cont toft
aes nd e alege l he a t nd he
en
he
pr vi c s The Smih Def nda s a e c r t t t t Elven h Cic t has i i hed
e ous ount.
t
e nt r orec ha he e t r ui
nve g

8

a i t s gun pl di and ha pa tculry sngld out s e sve r nc or ton of
gans hot
ea ngs
s ri a l i e
ucc s i ei om a i
alegai a t s ce ofmuch c uson. Weln v Pam Be c C/ S e f ' O/c ,7 2
l tons s he our
onf i
ia d . l a h y. h r fs / e 9

F.d l 3 1 21( 1h Ci. 01 ) Att es met ,Weln fu d t a te Co lita is e
3 31 , 3 1 t r 2 5 . h a i
me ia d o n h t h mpan t su
i ta c s wa n tas o g npe dngbe a s isri o rto d dn tC tral ice s l
n h t a e s o h t u la i c u e t enc mo ain i o k eil n r a e)
ma
y
t bu den ofunde sa ng t f c ua al ga i unde l ng ea h c
he r
r tndi he a t l le tons
ryi
c ount' Wel
.'
iand,792 F. a
3d t
1
324. Fo t m os pa t t i alo tue he e. The basc a lga i i t s c e ar
r he
t r, hat s s r
r
i le tons n hi as e
sr i f w a d: one e iy was oblga e t r y a l n but i t a i a is prncpal
taghtol r
ntt
i t d o epa
oa
ns e d t nd t i i s

r tuct e t i o r tonst a d t oblg i . The b ea h oft l n a e
esr ur d he r pe a i o voi hat i aton
r c
he oa gr ementa t
nd he
r sr t i ar c ept l a lgal s ve abl buti i notdifc tt pi ntwhih f c s
e tucurng e onc ualy nd e ly e r e
ts
fi ul o npoi
c at
a e r e ntt e ch c am . Thi i t r f e nota c s whe e t r i a i onne ton' misng
r elva o a l i
s s he e or
ae
r he e s i
c
ci ' si

i t e t s t ntve counta t f dualp e caes' Wagne v Fi st H ori Pharm .
i we n he ubsa i
be
nd he a
r di t .
'
r
r
zon
.

he
s
hot
e ng s
Cop. 464 F. 1
r,
3d 273,1 ( 1h Ci.2006) Dim isalon t basi ofa s gun pladi i
279 1 t r
. s s
a s de e
lo ni d.
C. Re e v r hi
c ie s p

Fi l t Smih Dtf nda s a g t tt i uf i ntf t a l lbass f is
naly, he
t
e nt r ue ha he ns fc e acual nd ega
i or t
FUFTA cli - i pa tc a ,t ge a m a r i whi h ia s t ' a e de crbed - m a a
am
n riulr he ner l nne n
c is e s' r s i
ke

r eve s p i pr c ial Bec us Iha ale de e m i d t tt as e s i quesi do no
ec i rhi m a tc .
a e
ve r ady t r ne ha he s t n
ton
ne t be s ii a l i ntfed a t ss a ,Iagr e wih Leze t tdim isng t de a f
ed o
pecfc ly de i
t hi t ge
e t t r ha s s i he m nd or
ar c ve s p a t ssagewoul be pr m aur
e ei r hi t hi t
d
e t e.
Ac r ngl i i O RDERED a ADJUDGED t t
co di y, t s
nd
ha

( )Dee nt Gar D.Al nde ,Mi elAlxa r Gol n Ri r Capial LLC,
1 fnda s y
exa r cha
e nde, de ve
t,
G ol n Ri r Ca t l1 l ,SBD G l
de ve pia , nc.
obalFL,I .a The Ra a Cr a i G r p,
nc. nd
di nt e tons ou

l .sMotont Dimist Se ondAme dCompl nt( 23)i DENI
nc'
i o s s he c
nde
ai DE
s
ED.

9

( Dee nt Gar R.Smih,NI Entprs ,l ,a Nl Entprs FL,I 's
2) fnda s y
t T e ies nc. nd T t ies
nc
.

M otont Dimist Sec Ame edCompli ( 26)i
i o s s he ond
nd
ant DE
s

I
ED.

DONEAND ORDERED i C a esa WetPl B $, lrd ti X dyo
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y .
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DC CXbC ,201
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