Brown v. Florida Atlantic University
Filing
229
ORDER AND OPINION Granting in Part and Denying in Part Defendant's Amended Motion for Summary Judgment - Granting 182 Motion to Deem the Original Transcript of Chanda Michaela Brown as Corrected; Granting in part and Denying in part 184 Amended Motion for Summary Judgment; Denying as Moot 216 Motion to Strike Affidavit of Paula Behul. Signed by Judge Donald M. Middlebrooks on 10/24/2016. (gp)
UNI
TED STATES DI
STRI CO URT
CT
SOUTHERN DI
STRI O F FLO RI
CT
DA
CASE NO :16- vc 80251 M I
- DDLEBRO OKSm M NNON
CH AN D A M I AELA BROMY ,
CH
Pl n if
aitf,
FLORI ATLANTI UNI
DA
C
VERSI
TY,
BOARD OF TRUSTEES,
Def nt
enda .
/
O RD ER AN D O PI O N GR AN TI G I PA RT AN D D EN Y I G I PA R T
NI
N N
N N
D EFEN DA N T ' A M END ED M O TI N FO R SU M M A R Y JU D G M ENT
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9: - 3 ; 5)
us
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t
d
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4, l r gan ni
own' ofi e a trhour t lave a sgnme s f r
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tf. DE 4 t ) own
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e
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t tBuladdi i i meei wihIya ,amae,a wel.( 1 4 a 11;lyasDe 44:5- )
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l s l DE 8 t l
po. 1 21.
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ie td o o p a o r z b u n s in n ueto s DS
3 o
p.
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)
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ha
lr
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lr ki
he
s r y lmmi
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2; bbed po.
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per
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ptmber 1 201 Br ha a me tng wih Lynn As ef(1 s f') t ECS
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As
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r tons
r n he omm uniatd s
c e ome, i not al, of t a ve
f
l
he bo
e io e a d i r sins (
p s d s n mp e so . DSOF ! 3 . Th n x d y S pe e 1 ,2 4 Br wn me wih
) e e t a , e tmb r 1 01 , o
t t
Bulad' s r ior Dr iZiouc a (ç l hin') a t De n of ECS Cole ,Dr
lr s upe vs , .Al l hin ' ouc a ', nd he a
zi
lge .
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mmad lya ($l s',whee s rie ae he greva es a i tBulad. (
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1 )
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.
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t
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le ai n . PS
)
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e
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r
own n
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( OF !21 Br wn De o 27 18 ;( ) o ig i fo to Br wn a d a oh re o e ta h
PS
; o
p . 2:-) 2 j kn n r n f o n n te mply e h t e
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t r dvi or f e ow
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ts nquiy s oc e
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s
e
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nt r
om ai s
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as
a t nf r nce ha he s wa e he
i er
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3
h mp rn Br wn' pa s g b wakigi temi deo t eh l ywh nh wake b ( OF!
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4;Br De 27 20- . I r pons ,Br e iedIya on Se e r1 201 pl di
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f hi t i e s hel 'he bec us Bula d was now c e tng ça i r s d am os r of
or m o ' a e p' r a e
pl
lr
r a i 'n nc ea e t phe e
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h
'
2
PS ! 3 . Iy srs n dt a h wa sil ah rngi o to a dweg ig o to s (la
OF ) la e po de h t e s tl g t ei nfnnai n n ihn pi n . Iy s
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po.
2) oundt stme,a he oneofBr sc wor r ,Stpha eGor W al f
hi i not r
own' o- ke s e ni
don- dor
(s don- al r ) t d Br t tbeor Br ari d a FAU,s ha a us d Bular of
iGor W do f', ol own ha f e own rve t
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ld
s xua ha a s e a beleve t t Bula d ha r t it d a ns he by gi ng he a
e l r s m nt nd
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lr
d e ala e gai t r
vi
r n
u fv rb ep ro ma c rviw. ( SOF ! 2 ) On Se tmb r28 2 4 b s d o Br wn s
na oa l efr n e e e 5 P
2.
pe e , 01 , a e n o '
e lan t e rirc ula i Iya r a sgne Br
mai d he a le ons t ton, l s e s i d own t r por t Ziouc a s t ts no
o e t o l hin o ha he
l rha t wor die tywihBulad.(
onge d o k r cl t lr DSOF !3 .
)
Br
own i it t de pie t ale ai of he r ri sr t e Bula d con i ued t
nsss hat s t he tr ton
r epo tng tucur , l r
tn
o
fnd ways t r t lae a ns he . On Oct r 30,201 Br
i
o e ai t gai t r
obe
4, own l a ne t tBula d r f e t
e r d ha
lr e us d o
a ss oneofhe sudent whies wa a e . (
sit
r t s l he s bsnt DSOF ! 1 Br De 273:6- 1 . On
4; own p. 1 275:4)
Nove be 5,Bula d,Br
m r
lr
own,a Br sa tnde a o n hous e ntwhe e Br s i ntfe
nd yne te d n pe
e ve
r yne de ii d
he s fa t CAPTURE r pr s nt i t pr pe tve su s a Bular di notc r tt t
rel s he
e e e atve o os c i t dent nd
l d d
orec ha
rp e e ai (
e r s ntton. DSOF! 1 Br De 275:5- 1 ) OnNovember1 Bulad r us t
4; own po. 1 276:8 .
0, lr ef ed o
ltBr a a on a co ernc c l (
e own ppe r
nf e e al. DSOF ! 1 . On Nove r 1 Hi r c i t
4)
mbe 2, bbed onfded o
Br
own t t s ove he d a c
ha he
r ar
onve s ton bewee Bular a Ziouc a i whi h Bulad
rai
t n
l d nd l hin n
c
lr
5FAU fl Pa a Be ' Af vi i s
ied ul huls fda t n uppor ofisRe y. ( 211 1 . Br m o d t srke
t t pl DE - ) own ve o ti
he atda t ( 21 . l he Afi vi,Be a eses FAU' i tgai ofGor nr fs vi. DE 6) n r fda t hul ddr s
S nvesi ton
do
W alor ac us tons As dicuse ij a,eve ce tng Be ' fndi a complt.t
d fs c ai .
s s d np
n rdii
huls i ngs s
ee he
c e s of G or W a dor s alega i ag ns Bula d do notlf Br n a
ont nt
don- l f l tons ai t l r
it ow bove t nec s a y
he e s r
t es d f de
hr hol or monsr tng a r s bl bei t ts expe i e a hosie wor en r
ta i
ea ona e lef ha he
renc d
tl
k vionme
nt
or r a i ton. A c r ngl bec us Be ' A f i vi i not m a eral t m y r lng, l den
et la i
co di y, a e huls fda t s
t i o
ui
y
Br sMotont Stie( 21 asmoot
own'
i o rk DE 6)
.
4
que ton whehe Br
si ed
t r own r aly we t t st swhe e s wa s
e l nt o he ie
r he s uppos d t be pe f mi ofe o
r or ng f
c mpus d i . Bula d a s s
a
utes
lr l o ugge t d t Ziouc a t t Br
se o l hi n ha own s d no be i ved i
houl t
nvol
n
CAP
TURE c n e e c c ls6 ( OF! 1 PSOF!4; b e dDe . 4:- 3 .
o fr n e al. DS
4;
Hib r po 2 4 2 )
On Nove be 1 Br
m r 8, own a es ed Bula d' al ge r mar a a m e tng ofad s r
ddr s
lr s le d e ks t
ei
vio s
he de by Dr Ziouc a Ther ,s d e d herof- mpus a tvii s a c iii e Bula d.
a d
. l hin.
e he ef nde
fca
c i te nd rtc z d
lr
(
DSOF !4; OF!4; o De o 2 :3 2 92 )
PS
Br wn p . 282 - 2 :3 .
On Dec mbe 5,201 Br meta n wih Asef. (
e r
4, own
gai t s f DSOF ! 5) Att tme tng.
.
ha ei
Br
own c
ompl ne t t Bula d wa i etla i ' a ns h a t t t st i i he
ai d ha
lr
s i a itng' gai t er nd ha he iuaton n r
r
d p rme th d n tmp o e snc S pe e .(
e at n a o i r v d i e e tmb r PSOF !5 .Asefi d aeyc n a tdPa l
) sf mme itl o tce u a
Be ,FAU' Diecoroft EqualOpporuniy Pr r Ofs e ($ '. (
hul
S rt
he
t t ogams tc 1EOP' PSOF ! 5;Asef
)
sf
De 4120- 1 49:5- 8,87:6- 8: 1 89:- 7;Be De 1 5- 1.Asef t tfedt t
po. : 42:7, 1 1
1 8 1 , 81
hul po. 79: 1 ) s f esii ha
s alo c a t d lya a Ziouc a s
he s ont c e l s nd l hi n ome tme be we n Dec m be 5 a 8 a tol t m
i
t e
e r nd nd k d he
t
e eyhn ta g o l drpo tdt ge l' ( s f De o. 9:- 2 8 3- 5 PS !5 .
v r tig h t Br wn ha e re o h r. Asef p 8 9 1 , 7: 1 ; OF )
'
On Dec m be 9, 201 Ziouc a hed a advior meei a whih bot Br
e r
4, l hin l n
s
tng t c
h own a
nd
Bu lr weep e e t (
lad r rs n . DSOF !6 .W h n Zi u ha a k d frrc
) e l c in s e o e omme d to st i r v t e
o
n ain o mp o e h
ofi ee r e ,Br wn ans r t tt s u i n wast c r t ' e nti t r ,'
fc nvionm nt o
we ed ha he olto
o onfont he t pha n he oom '
el
whih wa t f c t tBula d wa a ûbuly. (
c
s he a t ha
lr
s ' l ' DSOF ! 6;PSOF ! 6) Shealo s ese t t
'
.
s ugg td ha
an es
ha
d
ol a e
a he pes tkehi plc (
not r ron a s a e. DSOF! 6 .Ziouchi r ponded t the woul nott er t any
) l
mo ec mpan sa an tBu lz ( OF!6 .
r o lit g is lad. PS
)
5Br
own alo ct t a i tnc wh e Go don- al fw ines e Bula d diec i Per z t
s ies o n nsa e er
r W dor t s d
lr r tng e o
as i Br
sgn own ts wih c ran de i s s t the c d Sc t h' hers itng wor lt a
a ks t e ti adlne o ha
oul sa c '
ubm ti
k ae nd
p o et a s ec ul n ta e u tl p ro m h r o . (
r v h t h o d o d q aey ef r e j b PSOF ! 4; r o - ad r De o 402 Go d n W lo f p . :2
411 85:9- 6:) Theei noevi nc a t whent socc rd, t tBr e nkne a
:, 1 8 3 . r s
de e s o
hi ure or ha own ve
w bout
i du i he e o e .
t rng r mpl ym nt
5
T e e fe,ly sitr iwe e c a v s ridv d al ( OF ! 1 )a o ta c n e s
h ra tr la ne ve d a h d io n ii u ly DS
5 b u ny o c m
wihBulr ( OF!6 .Br wn me wi Iy so De e e 1 , 01 ( OF!6 .Du igta
t l d PS
a
) o
t t la n c mb r 2 2 4. PS
h
) rn h t
c
onve s ton, s e es e h dis tsaci wih Iya f l e t c b Bula d' per ei d
r ai
he xpr s d er sa if ton t l s' aiur o ur
lr s c ve
a es (d.. Br t n me wih a HR ofier Donna Nemna (:
bus . 1 4 own he
t t n
fc ,
n çNewma ',who t n
n')
he
dicuse t me tng wih he s r s ,Robi Ka t(f ba' ,Asocit Die t ofHuma
s sd he ei
t r upe vior
n ba i t' s ae r cor
Ka )
n
Re o c .(
s ures PSOF !5)
.
On De e be 1 201 Iyasemaie t Advii De me t expl n t t ha ng
c m r 8, 4, l
ld he
sng pm nt o
ai ha , vi
c m plt d t i e v e , he woul a s s t st ton a s r hi e l ton a tr t
o e e he nt r i ws
d s es he iua i nd ha e s vaua i fe he
holda . (
i ys DSOF ! 1 . Howe r ha ng d i d t taloft ad s r 'c emsrltd t
5)
ve , vi ecde ha 1 he vio s onc
eae o
et pe s al grpe or Bula d' ma
iher r on
i s
l r s nage
mentsyl, lyas uli a e y c e not dicl e hi
t e l
tm t l hos
s os s
fndi t t de rme saf ort t EOPofs e.(
i ngs o he pat nt t f o he
tc DSOF ! 1 PSOF!6)
5;
.
Be we De mbe 201 a J nua y 201 Br
t en ce r
4 nd a r
5, own c ts t t o mor e mpl of
ie o w
e xa es
rt la i On De e ber1 t da a t t c e i a s m e i Bula d sa e hi
e a iton.
cm
0, he y fer he ont ntous dvior etng, lr l mm d s
ofiedoori Br sf ewhe s a pr c hi t as a q si (
fc
n own' ac
n he p oa hed m o k ue ton. PSOF ! 5;Ne n
wma
De 39;520 . And on J nuay 6,201 s wasexcu fom a isa hol rme tng,'
po. 1 - )
a r
5, he
lded r
ttke de ei '
whc s eh d rg lryatn e u t ta p it (
ih h a e ua l te d d p o h t on . PSOF!7 .
)
0n J n a y 8 2 5 Zio c in rq se ta Br wn me twih hi ( OF ! 7 .
a u r , 01 , lu ha e uetd h t o
e t m. DS
)
Durngt meei Zio hin dic s d Br
i he
tng, l uc a s us e own' c
s ompli t a t d he She e wilbeno mor
a n s nd ol r l r l
t
e
c mpansa ans Bul r . ( OF ! 8 . Th me tn wa h ae a d Br wnwa cyig a d
o lit g i t l d' PS
a '
) e ei g s e td, n o
srn n
e i l a c ran poi s. (
motona t e ti
nt PSOF ! 8;Br
own De 209: Kaba De 6 3- 68:
po. 2;
t po. 4: 7, 24;
Ziou hin De 1 20- 1 .
l c a po. 36: 2 )
6
Ats m epoi i t m e tng,Br
o
nt n he e i
own r pe t dl us d t t m l r m' whe r s
e a e y e he er s a ' n e pondi
ha
ng
t Zio a . ( OF ! 8 PSOF ! 8 . t - r m ' i a Ar bi wo d t tde est ngs t tar
o luchin DS
la
;
)1 il a ' s n a c r ha not hi ha e
rt l f r id nu d rIlmi lw. (
i l o bd e n e sa c a DSOF!9 .Zi u hin i o ii al fo Ia (# a !8 ,
ua y
) l c a s rg n ly r m rn / . t )
o
a Dee nti i ,i M usi (d.a ! 9) ThePa test de t whehe Br who
nd, fnda mples s lm. I t .
ri hus bae t r own,
s e k s meArbc (d.a ! 8 , s d tetnn t c n e ar l i u o eh i su . ( OF ! 9
p as o
a i l t ) u e h e o o v y ei o s r tn c lr DS
g
;
PS ! 9 . Br wni ssst ts e o yme n ' h meo y u'f ral wig Bulr t c ni u
OF ) o n it ha h nl a t t a n o ' o lo n l d o o tn e
s
a
t rtl t a an th ra ds rmiaea an ttea vs r.(
o eai e g is e nd ici n t g is h d io s PSOF !9 .
a
)
Afe t J nuay 8meei FAU ofii sbe t co e aefrng Br
lr he a r
tng,
fcal gan o ntmplt ii
own.(
DSOF!
11. Ats i tnni t poit Ziouc a r omme d t lya t tBr be dic ge
)
ome ndee nae n, l hin ec
nde o l s ha own
shar d
ba e on he f xte y unpr esi ,r de a i ubor nae be vi .' (
sd
r f rmel
e
of sonal u nd ns di t ha or' DSOF !
Be wee J nuar 1 a 1 201 a meei wa hed i whih Iyas Be ,Ziou a Ka t
t n a y 3 nd 5, 5,
tng s l n
c l , hul l chin, ba ,
a FAU' lgalc e weepr e tand Br wasdic s (#.. On J nuay 1 201
nd
S e ouns l r es n
own
s used. f )
a r 4, 5,
Ka te ie Ziouc an a doc ntentte çBr
ba mald l hi
ume
ild i own M ihaea Sepaai Notce' ( ba
c l
rton i ,' Ka t
De Ex. 9) whih, ac or ng t FAU, was t tnni t Br
po.
, c
c di o
o e nae own f he ç xte y
or r i rmel
e
unpr e sona,r a i ubor nae be or'a t J nuay 8 meei (
ofs i l ude nd ns di t havi ' t he a r
tn, DSOF ! 1 , On
2)
? At s
ome poi s i Br
nt n own' d
s eposton, t wor l a ' i i orec l ta c i d a
ii
he
d ' m' s nc r ty r ns rbe s
har
k aa g e' rt o g. Moto teerr aei q et n p sdb FAU' c u slt Brwn.
i rn u 'o s n ' s ? h ros r n u si s o e y
h
wr '
o
S o ne o o
FA U ' M oto t Dee Or gi Tr c i of Br n as Cor e t r ques s t t r c d be
S
in o
m i nal ans r pt
ow
r c ed e
t hat he e or
mo fe t r l ctt s er . ( 18 . Alhoug Rul 30e)oft Fedea Rul ofCi l
diid o ete hi ror DE 2) t h e (
he
rl es
vi
Pr e esde swih t de ntsabiiy t ale t ta ci ,Fed.R.Ci P 30() Iam
oc dur al t he pone ' lt o tr he rns rpt
v.
e,
pe s ded t tt sanda d f core tng a ta c i i n e r a i s t alpa tes W he t
rua
ha he t r or r c i
r ns rpto ror pple o l ri .
n he
pr e c nge does not c r ct s n t si ony, b m e el c r t ç e
opos d ha
ontadi wor e tm
ut r y orecs i nor of
an
ta c i i s h asdr ng a f ot''t r c d may be a e d. Aml t Aml P. v.
r ns rpton, uc
oppi
n ,' he e or
m nde
ong o
ong, A.
De y' I . 500 F.d 1
nn s nc,
3 230,1 0 (11h Ci.2006)( tng Thor v Sun tand Ae opac
27
t r
quoi
n . dsr
rs e
Cor ,207 F. 383,389 ( t Ci.2000). Hee,FAU doesnotatmptt ma s tntve
p.
3d
7h r
) r
te
o ke ubsa i
c nge buts e t c r ta wo d t ti unf m ii rt t Engls l
ha s
e ks o orec
r ha s a la o he
ih angua butwhi wa
ge
ch s
ta c i d a s ehi phone i ly sm ia . Thec tr pore ha r pl ed t r lvantaudi
r ns rbe s om t ng
tca l i lr
our e tr s e ay he ee
o
a s r t tt wor s
nd won ha he ds poken wee ' rm. ( 18 . I i alo cl rfom contxtt
r l a ' DE 0) t s s ea r
ha '
e hat
FAU' c
S ouns a Br
el nd own we e dic sng t us of t wor fha a . I e Br wn
r s us i he e
he
d l r m ' nde d, o
'
a knowldge i he own Stt m e of Fa t t t s us d t wo d,al i wih a dif r
c
e s n r
a e nt
c s ha he e he r
bet t
fe ent
c tton.(
onnoai PSOF!9) Unde s cr tnce ,c rci t tans rpti a oprae.
.
r uch icumsa s ore tng he r ci s ppr it
7
J nua y 1 Kaba c ace Ziouc an t i or hi t tBe a s d Iya t tt c d
a r 5,
t ont td l hi o nf m m ha hul dvie l s ha hey oul
n tS r c e 'wi t i pln e t cin'whc wa b igtbe ( OF! 1 Ka a De o. .
o ' o e d' t her a n d ' to r ih s en a ld. PS
p
h
a
'
2; b t p Ex
1 ) Bewe n J num' 1 a 1 boh Ziouc a a Ka tpr pae me a doc ntng
1 . t e a y 6 nd 9, t l hin nd ba e rd mornda ume i
terr c le to o t e J n ay 8 me tn ,whih t y te g v t ly st r ve 8 ( oy j
h i e olci n f h a u r
ei g c he h n a e o l a o e iw. ps
The e i a diput a t whe t de son t fr Br
r s
s e s o
n he cii o ie own wasm a alhoug t Pa te
de, t h he ris
a r ei wa b t e J n a y 8 a d 21 ( OF ! 1 ;Iy sDe o 1 72 - 0 4 . F mald
ge t s ewe n a u r n . PS
1 la p . 0 :4 1 8:) AU i
e
Br
own t fna Notc ofSepa a i on J nuar 21 201 sgne by lyas whih wa datd t
he i l i e
r ton
a y , 5, i d
l , c
s e he
smeda (houghs rcevedi o J nu y 23) (
a
yt
he e i t n a ar . DSOF! 1 .
2)
Alo a t t J nua y 8 me i Br be n e re ng he t is s On J nua y 9,
s fer he a r
etng, own ga xpe inci
alh s ue .
a r
201 Br di notgo i o wor Shes nta e i t Ziouc an ( c wasf waded t
6, own d
nt
k.
e n mal o l hi whih
or r o
Iy ,Da d Toma o,Asef and t n t ough As eft Ka ) i or ng hi t s wa
las vi
ni s f,
he hr
s f o bat, nf mi m hat he s
t vi he r pal t tons pa c a t ks and s t s of br a h' a was lgoi t t ER.'
t ng a t pia i , ni tac
ha
horne s
e t ' nd
l ng o he
'
( lu hinDe o Ex. 9; OF! 1 ) Aloo J n a y9 Br wn e i dF SAso it Vie
Zi c a p . 1 PS
o
1. s n a u r , o mal AU' s cae c
e
Pr i of Hu n Re oure , Davi Toma o (iomani ' (
esdent
ma s c s
d
ni çr
o') PSOF ! 11, de ci ng t
) s rbi he
own r
equesed Tom a o' hep i
t
ni s l n
Jnuay 8 me tng a a iet it y aci ' (#.. Br
a r
ei s t alaor ton-' / )
r
ta f ri he t anot r depa t e . (#.. On J nuay 1 Br
r ns e rng r o
he
rm nt f )
a r 0, own' mot r e ld
s he maie
Ziou a t co im t e ge y r
l chin o nfr he mer nc oom vi i,e ai t the daught ha be n di nos d
st xpl n ha r
er d e ag e
wih pal t tonsand la ey r ltve t wor i
t
piai
inxi t ea i o
k nduce sr s , a a
d te s' nd nnounc t Br
'
e hat own woul
d
n tb rtr i t wo k u tla rJ n a y 1 ,201 . ( lu hin De o.Ex.2 PS ! l )
o e eu nng o r ni he a u r 3
5 Zio c a p
0; OF 1.
Ziou a f wa de t semai t Iya , sef,Tom a o,a Ka t a m a ke hi mes a a
l chin or r d hi
lo l sA s f
ni nd ba . nd r d s
s ge s
of' gh'i t e.(d..
l 'mporanc 1 )
hi
8 la a dKa a d n ta reo wh t e ly srq e tdteme rn afo h r ( OF! 1 )
Iy s n b t o o g e n eh r la e u se h mo a d r m e . PS
1.
Iy c d notrc lwhehe he rquese t me a
las oul
e al
t r e td he morndum fom Ziouc a (l s De
r
l hin. Iya po.
99: - 00:)
211 6 .
8
Br
own e a ld Beh on J nua y 11 r quesi a me tng be aus s wasi
m ie
ul a r , t tng
ei
c e he
ç re i
expe incng
rtl to ' f rr p rs o i aa s n a d d srmi ai n' ( h lDe o Ex 1 PS ! 1 )
eai in' o e o t f s r sme t n ic i n to . Be u p . . ; OF 1 .
a
h
'
Br
own wr e f t rt ts wast d i t Pe f m a e M e tng t ûsa quit' wa afad of
ot urhe ha he
ol n he ror nc
e i o tt y e s' s r i
f t rpunihme a t ha ofZiouc a a Ka ,a wa ha ng he r papia i a
urhe
s nt t he nds
l hin nd bat nd s vi
a t l ttons nd
pa catcks ( hulDepo.Ex.1. Be notfed lya a Br salegai o J nuay
ni ta . Be
) hul ii l s bout own' l tons n a r
1 (#.. Theda a trt t Br me wih Beh t de ci he c
2. f )
y fe ha, own t t
ul o s rbe r ompli si grae deal
ant n e tr ti
a o an pa r k t l e a f ma co ai . (
nd bti pe wor o odg or l mpl nt PSOF ! 11. The alo dic sd t
)
y s suse he
pos i lt ofBr
sbiiy
own r cevi et ra ta f rora ADA a commodai t f r f whih
e i ng ihe r ns e
n
c
ton, he o m or c
Be u p o i e 9 ( hulDepo 4 :5 2 ,5 :3 2 ;PSOF ! 1 ) Ats me p itt ra r
h l r v d d. Be
71 -4 11 -3
1.
o
o n hee he ,
.
Br
own me wih Ed Rowe FAU ' ADA c di or t r ei f t ri tuci on t ADA
t t
,
S
oor nat , o ec ve urhe nsr ton
he
a co
c mmodai
ton. ( hul De 513- PSOF !
Be
po. : 5;
Br
own s ted he f mal
ubmit
r or
Dic i na i l a as men Co pl nt Pr s i For a ADA a om moda i r ques on
s rmi ton/l r s t m ai
oce sng
m nd
cc
ton e t
J nuay 1 201 (
a r 4, 5. DSOF ! 1 . The c antlse a dia lt a sx a t ba e f
6)
ompli itd ge, s biiy, nd e s he s s or
dic i nai t omA De Ex.1 a 1. The a ommodai r s r or t
srmi ton. Br
po.
7 t )
cc
ton equet ec ded û
ADHD,
Anxit Dio der' Br
e y s r 'as own' i r e t ,t ugh isa hor ose i y he doc or che ed t
s mpaim n s ho
t ut , t nsbl r t , ck he
i 'b x i rs o s t tef r sq e to ,k ste i ar n a fc amao l ea tvt ?'
û ' o n e p n e o h o m' u sin û
No
Doe h mp ime t fe t j r i ciiy '
f
( own De Ex.1 a 1. Beow t t he physcin a we e t que ton ofhow Br s
Br
po.
8 t ) l ha, r i a ns r d he si
own'
ti tto 'i tree wihh ra iiyt p ro m to f n to tl'b wrtn l o o e rg lr
smiai n' nefr d t e b l o ef r j b u cin s, y iig i t v r e ua
l
t
'
N
wor ho s'andt e r& or ni ddie ton. (d.a 2) Thes cii a ommodai s
k ur,' i a
cl
ga ze rci ' 1 t .
'
pe fc cc
tons ought
we ep rs d a ç tu tr d ce r& p e ie g as& o jcie . (d4 Thed y b f eFAU
r h a e s d r cu e , la
s
rcs o l be t s' 1 ..
v '
a eor
m a l d Br n hc s par ton notc Br n em a l d Ziouc a t r ques a m e tng t di c s
ie
ow
r e ai
i e. ow
ie l hi n o e
t
e i o s us
9FAU alo rle on Pa a Be ' Afi vi ( 211 )i s
s eis
ul huls fda t DE -1 n uppor ofisagume t tFAU
t t r
nt ha
ma efo t t a co mod t Br
de f rs o c m
a e own' dia lt r ss The Cour nee notdeer ne whe he
s s biiy eque t.
t d
t mi
t r
FA U a qua e y a c m odat d he r
de t l c om
e r eque t a t s s a i lghtoft dipu e tm i be w e n
s s t hi t ge, n i
he s t d i ng t e
FAU' dic r ofhe i r
S s ove y
r mpaimenta t da eofhe t r nai
nd he t
r e mi ton.
9
how t i e nthe pr edADA ac ommodai .(
o mplme r opos
c
tons PSOF ! 1 . Zio a di notrpl
6) luchin d
e y,
b tf r r e t erq s t ly s wh i t r fr r e i t To no.( OF! 1 ; lu ha
u o wad d h e ue t o la , o n u n owa d d t o ma i PS
6 Zi c in
o
De Ex. .
po. 28)
Br fl t sa ton on Fe uay 23,201 ( 1. He Compli wasa nde
own ied hi ci
br r
6. DE ) r
ant
me d
t c t r he ( 24& 44) Br sSec Ame
wie heea r DE
. own' ond
ndedCompli sae t c esofa ton:
ant tts wo aus
ci
dia lt dici naton unde t Re biiai Ac;a ( r alaton unde t Ci l
sbiiy s rmi i
r he ha ltton t nd 2) et i i
r he vi
RihsAc o 1 6 .( 4 a ! 5 - 6 .
g t t f 9 4 DE 4 t ! 4 6 )
l.
l
LegalSt
andar
d
i ec u ts alg a ts mmayj d me ti t emo a ts o t a tee i n g n i e
i o r h l r n u r u g n f h v n h ws h t h r s o e u n
Th
d s uea t a ymae il a t n temo a ti e tt dt j d me a amatroflw. F d.
ip t s o n tra fc a d h v n s n ie o u g nt s te a ' e R.
l
'
Ci P.56() Themova Sawa be r t i ta rs i lt ofi or ng t dititcou t
v.
a.
nt fl ys as he niil eponsbiiy nf mi he src r
o t bassf ism oton,and i ntf ng t e pori ofihepl di de ii ,a we s
f he i or t
i
de iyi hos
tons t
ea ngs, postons ns r
t i e r gaores and a isonson sl t et wih t a fdavis i a 'whi h i bei ves
o ntr o t i ,
dm s i
e, og her t he fi t , f ny,
c t le
d
emonsr t t abs e ofa ge ne i s ofma e i f c . Cel e Cor v.CJ/c/,477 U.
ta e he enc
nui s ue
t ral a t'
' otx p.
r /
S.
31 3 ( 986)( i Fed.R.Ci P.5 c ( )A). W hee t non- ng pat be r t
7, 23 1
quotng
v. 6() 1( )
r he
movi ry as he
b r e o p o fo a is ea til temo a tma smpl 'p it o tt ted src c u tta
u d n f r o n n su t ra, h v n y i y t on ) u o h itit o r h t
l
t r i a a e ofevi nce t s ppor t nonm ovi pary' ca e. 1 at325. Afe t
he e s n bs nce
de
o u
t he
ng t s s ' d
'
tr he
mov nt ha me is b de unde Rul 56( ,t bur n s fs t t non- ng pa t t
a
s t t ur n
r e c) he de hit o he
movi
ry o
esabls t t r i a ge ne is ofm ae ilf c . M atu hia El .I s Co. Lt v Ze t
t ih hat he e s
nui s ue
tra a t
s s t ec ndu . , d . nih
Radi Cor ,47 U. 57 58 (1 6)
o p. 5 S. 4, 5 98 .
A lhough a 1 r as
t
1 e onabl i e e s a e t be d a n i f
e nf r nce r o
r w n avor of t non- ovi pa t
he
m ng ry,
Ande s v Lf r.,pLobb I . 477U. 242, ( 98 , henonr on . he l
y, nc,
S.
255 1 6) t
movi pary S tdomor
ng t l
mus
e
t n sm pl s
ha i y how t tt ei s
ha her s omem eaphysc ldoubtast t m aeralf ct.'M at s t 475
t
ia
o he t i a s'
su hia,
10
U. a 586. The non- ovi pa t m a no r s upon t m e e alega i o de a s of t
S. t
m ng ry y t e t
he r l tons r nil
he
ad re pa t spladi ,buti t a mus c
ve s ry' e ngs
nse d
t ome f wa d wih l pe fc f t s
or r t i cii acs howi t tt r
s
ng ha he e
i ag n i eis e o til'1 .a 5 7(iigFe R. v. 5 ().i h r t er c r tk n a
s e u n s u f r ra . d t 8 ctn d. Ci P. 6 e) l e e h e o d a e s
t
W
a whol c d not l d a r tonaltir of f c t tnd f t e non- ovi pa t t e i no
e oul
ea
ai
re
a t o s or h
m ng ry, her s
t nu ne i s f ti l''
ge i s ue or ra .'
$ me e lci il ofevi nce s
:
A r s ntla'
de
uppori t opposng pa t s
tng he
i
ry'
p iin wiln ts f e te emus b e o g o as o n t a t j r c ud r a o a l fn
osto l o u fc ; h r
t e n u h f h wig h t he u y o l e s n by id
frt tpary. Walerv Dary,911F. 1 1577( 1hCi 1 .l t non- ngpa t
o ha t '
' k . b
2d 573,
1 t r. 990) f he
movi ry
f ist ma a s fcints
al o ke ufi e howi on a e s n i lelm e tofhe ca eon whi s ha t bur n
ng
n s e ta e n
r s
ch he s he de
o p o ,hemo igpat i e tte t a u g n a amatroflw.Ceo e Co p.4 7U. a
f r oft
vn ry s nild o j d me t s te a
ltx r , 7 S, t
323.
11
1.
Dic son
s us i
1.Re alaton
t i i
y
Br
own a r t tFAU r t laed a i the i vi aton ofTil Vl oft Ci lRi s
ve s ha
e a it ga ns r n ol i
te l he vi ght
Ac of1
t 964. (
Compl ! 66) Thealege rtlao y a sc r pond t Br si talhosie
.
.
l d eaitr ct ores
o own' nii
tl
e r
nvionmentc
ompl i s a wel a he s e ntr pors ofr tla i i r ac i t t fr t
ant s l s r ubs que e t
ea iton n e ton o he is
r u do c r e .(d a r 6263 .Til Vl prvie ta :
o n f hag s 1 . t ! - ) te 1 o d s h t
I s l be a u a ul empl e t pr tc f an e oye t dic i nae
t ha l
n nlwf
oym n aci e or
mpl r o s rmi t
a i ta of hi e oy s ora ian s f empl e . ..bec e he ha
gans ny
s mpl ee
pplc t or
oym nt
aus
s
op ed a pr ctce m a a unl ule oyme pr c i by t s s haptr
pos ny a i
de n awf mpl
nt a tce
hi ubc e ,
orbe us he ha m a a c r ,t tfe a sse orpa tci t d i a ma
ca e
s de ha ge esii d, s it d,
ri pa e n ny nner
i a i si i pr e ng,o he rn u rt ss ha e .
n n nve tgaton, oce di r a i g nde hi ubc ptr
4 U. C.j20 0 - () I o d rt ma e o ta p i fcec s o r tlain, pan ifmu t
2 S.
0 e 3 a. n r e o k u rma a i a e f eait a litf s
o
s t t$()s enga d i a aci t pr eced unde Til V1;( s s fr a a re
how ha 11 he
ge n n tviy ot t
r te I 2) he ufeed n dves
empl ntaci and( )t r wasaca a c
oyme ton;
3 hee
us l onneci bet e t pr e td a i t andt
ton we n he otce ctviy
he
a v ree l y n a to . Cr w o dv Ca r l, 29F.d9 , 7 ( 1hCi. 00 )
d es mp o me t cin' a f r . r ol 5 3 61 9 0 1 t r 2 8 .
'
11
Pr e t d Ac i t
ot c e tviy
An e pl e e
m oye ngage i pr t td aci t whe s us he e oye ' i em al
s n o ece
tviy
n he es r mpl rs nt
r pori mec nim t compl n a util alempl e pr tc c ri d outby t e pl r
e tng
ha s o
ai bo leg
oym nt ac ies a re
he m oye
o isa e t.Ro ln v Fl. p 'o Jw En t8 8F.d3 7 4 0( 1h Ci.1 8 ) Th smei
r t g n s lis . a De t fL
f' 6 2 9 , 0 1 t r 9 9 . e a s
,
tue ofi onnalcompl nt t one' s r s s 1 The e a tvii f l wihi t s ope of
r
nf
ai s o
s upe vior . d.
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Seci 20003- a ' opposton ca e. fite v.Unie Tec ,1 F. 956,960 ( 1h Ci.
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p ot ced unde t opposton clus ,Yaz an v ConM ed Endo co c Te h,I . 793 F. 63
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Sh v Cl kAtant Uni. I . No.197ah . ar l a v, ncs
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To s tsy t pr ec e a tviy pr
aif he ot t d c i t ong,Br
own mus r iet i e enc t ta t tme s
t as he nf r e ha t he i he
c
ompli d t s r s s s e t
ane o upe vior , h i a good f t r a ona e belef t t t empl
had
aih, e s bl
i ha he
oyer was
e
ngag i unlwf e oyme pr ctce . fite 1 F. a 960. Thi s a r e a l a
ed n a ul mpl
nt a i s' tl, 03 3d t
'
s t nda d ntis n
o jciea das be t ec mp n n :
be t n u j ci o o e t
v
v
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antf
t t y how ha
uje tkel t t s n
at le d
t thi e pl rwasenga d i unl wf e pl
ha s m oye
ge n a ul m oymentpr tc ,butalo t hi
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s hat s
beifwa ob ciel ras bl i lg oft fcsa rcod pr e e l t
le s je tv y e ona e n iht he a t nd e r esntd. t hus
i no enough f a pli ift ale t thi bele i t sr ga d wa hones an
s t
or antf o lge ha s if n hi e r
s
t d
bona td t aleg i and r c d mus alo i c t t t t be if t
i e; he l atons
e or
t s ndi a e ha he le , hough
p r a mitk n, so j cieyr ao a l.
eh ps sa e wa be tv l e s n be
I (mp a i i o i ia) FAU d e n tq e to t a Br wn s be tv l beiv d t tBulr
d.e h ss n rgn l.
o s o u sin h t o u j ciey le e ha l d
a
e t bls d a hosie wor e r
sa ihe
tl
k nvionme be a e of he s x a lt r r t it d a ns he f
nt c us
r e nd a e eala e gai t r or
c mpann a o ti.I do s h v r ds uewh te ta b l fwa o j cieyra o a l.
o liig b u t t e , owe e , ip t eh r h t ei s be tv l e s n be
e
12
FAU ur s t bec us n e of t und l ng c
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ane of nc de s r
i pende l a tona e,Br
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r
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er n
fite t Elven h Cic t sr s e t t a i antf . . . ne not pr e t unde l ng
tl , he e t
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pl
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e
s t l
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c s a d o ec meamo in f rs mmayj dg n ;s c arq ie n çwl ud n to l c il
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t l tm ae as e ton ofempl e rg sunde Til Vl bu woul t nd t f ceempl yee t
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d e o or
o so
fl f n lc ag s rte ta s e c n iito o if r la j t n o giv n e .' l .
ie o na h r e ah r h n e k o cl in f n o ma dusme t f re a c s' d
a
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( i Sis v Ciy De sr i Age y 588 F. 692,695 ( h Ci. 1 ) (mpha i
quotng a . t mon taton nc
2d
9t r 978 ) e
ss
a de ) W h t e ap an ifsb le ta t ec mplie - fc n u twa o j cieyra o a ei
d d . eh r litf eif h t h o an d o o d c s b e tv l e s n bl s
i e s e a i texitng s t ntve lw' ofe oy e dicrm i ton. Cl e v To alk '
l a ur d ga ns si ubsa i a ' mpl m nt s i na i
m
ov r . t v .
ys
Se v,1 F. 1 1 ( 1hCi.1 .
r . 76 3d 346, 351 1 t r 999)
A panifs beif ta a c ran p a tc i d s rmiao y c n o b o j ciey
lit
f
le h t e ti r cie s ici n tr a n t e b e tv l
ra o a l dwl eebn ig p e e e ts u r l h l st a p riua c n uc i n t. . na u .
e s n b e t h r idn rc d n q aey o d h t atc lr o d t s o . u lwf l
l
..
a dn d cso o ti ( rut o o t eS p e Co r h sc l dta p e e e tn oq e t n
n o e iin f h s Cic i) r f h u rme u t a al h t r c d n it u si
e
o
o u d r n d isra o ig. Bulr v Al a De 'o T a s ,5 6 F.d 1 0 ,1 1 ( 1h
r n emie t e s nn ' te . ab ma p t f r np. 3 3 2 9 2 4 1 t
'
Ci.2008) W hen t meisoft unde l ngcl m a edoubtul t pl ntf mus be a et
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desa ng. xon .
l k
e , nc,
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aloKnot v De b C/ Sc S . 624 F.App' 996,998( 1hCi.201 ( rc im)(ii
s
t . Kal z. h. ys,
x
1 t r 5) pe ura ctng
t Di t a fr diti cour' dimi s lofr t i i cai t twaspr m ie on i ta r por
o xon o fim srct
ts s s a
ealaton l m ha
e sd
niil e t
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e srmi in, c
as a ul e ona y
tue o uppor) l may be
t. t
e oug t r i e m uli e e un e s t t w hie i ufi i nt t s t i a i pe
n h o as
tpl nco t r ha , l ns f c e o us a n n nde ndent c us of
a e
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c in, ogehe vi e
r
l ng ' t
t
s rm na or
m . e
l .
13
Cor e tonalM e Ser . 61 F.App' 590,5 ( 1h Ci,201 (e sng ditit c ts
r ci
d
v, 2
x
91 1 t r 5) rveri
src our'
dim is of r ala i cli be a e lr cily-i d c
s s al
et iton a m
c us 'a a l tnge omm e s' c
nt' ombi d wih vi en
ne
t ol t
at r a i alowe pli tf t r a ona y bele 'ha s was opposng a unlwf
le c ton l d a n if o e s bl
ive t t he
t
i
n
a ul
e oyme prctce'. Butone ort iol ed c
mpl nt a i ')
wo s at omme sc
nt annoti tl a r s nabl beif
nsil ea o e le .
Bute ,536 F. at1 4 (onves ton i whih c wor rt c us d rcile t t' ev
lr
3d 21 c rai n c o- ke wie e a a pihe i
not en
cos ' t pemitng pli ift b i e wor a e envionmen wasr caly hosie) I s m,
l e' o r ti antf o elev
kplc
r
t
a i l tl . n u
whie t e p ot c e aci t pr
l h r e t d tviy ong does not r quie Br
e r
own t pr e t t t co pl ne of
o ov ha he m ai d-
be vi vi a e Til Vl,lm us sila l whe he Br
ha or olt d te I
t tl nayze
t r own r s
ea onabl be iv t i di
y le ed hat t d
vi a e Til V I .
ol t te I
Br
own mai ai t t r wa a r a ona e bass f he t c ude t t t of
nt ns hat he e s e s bl
i or r o oncl
ha wo
Bula d' a tvii we e unl wf . One wasa s resofi e a to t Br
lr s c i tes r
a ul
ei
nt r c i ns hat own c r t iesas
ha acerz
c e tng a s x- e hosie wor envionment The ot rwa Bula d' a t ofr t iton f r
rai
e bas d
tl
k
r
.
he s lr s c s
eala i o
Br
own' orgi lcompl nt oft hosiewor envionmen . Iwilc i e ch i t r
s i na
ai s he tl
k
r
t
l onsder a n u n.
a. Hos ie W or Envionm e :
tl
k
r
nt
s t i t poston t t s m a pr ece
usa n he
ii ha he
de ot td
co pl nt a
m ai s bout a s ba e hosie wor e r
ex- s d
tl
k nvionmen , Br
t own co e
nt nds s enga d i
he
ge n
pr ece a tviy whe s compl ne abouta s x- s d hosie wor e r
ot td ci t
n he
ai d
e ba e
tl
k nvionmentdurng ( )
i 1
he Septmbe 201 me i a c
r e r 4 etngs nd ommu c tonswih Asef Iya ,andZiou hin a ( he
niai
t st ls
l c a nd 2) r
De mbe 201 m e tngswih Iyasan Newm a
ce r 4 e i
t l
d
n.
To ma aprma fci cas ofhosiewor envionme ,apli ifmus s ' )t
ke i a e e
tl
k r
nt antf
t how k hat
(1
(l eb ln st ap oe td g o p ( )ta (l eh sb e s be tt u wec meh r sme t ( )
sh eo g o r tce r u ; 2 h t sh a e n u j c o n lo aa s n ; 3
t tt har s tg s basd on apr eced c aceitcoft e oyee ...;( t tt
ha he asmen wa ) e
ot t har trsi
he mpl
4) ha he
ha a s e w a s fci nty s er orpe v s ve t alert t r s and condii ofem pl m e
r s m nt s uf i e l ev e
r a i o t he e m
tons
oy nt
a crae a dic i naorl a i woki e r nt and ( ) t t t empl e i
nd e t
srmi t iy busve r ng nvionme ;
5 ha he
oy r s
14
r s onsbl f s e r
e p i e or uch nvionmen un eihe at or ofvia i orofdie tla lt ' M ilr
t der t r he y
c rous
r c ibiiy.
' le
v Ke wo t o ta , n . 2 7F.d 1 6 ,1 7 ( 1hCi. 0 2 .
. n rh fDoh n I c, 7 3 2 9 2 5 1 t r 2 0 )
FAU c n e d Br wn c r t s o a o j cie b ss f r b l vng ta Bulr s
o tn s o
amo h w n b e tv a i o ei i h t lad'
e
h r s me wa ba ed on s x and wass fcinty s ve e orpe vasve ie. t t r a f t
a a s nt s s
e
ufi e l e r
r i , . , he hid nd ourh
Kenworh pr . l u ge t tnone ofBula d' c
t ongs t r s ha
lr s onduc a oac s dic i nai Br
t ppr hes ex s rmi ton. own
r t t t t whie am os none of t r e nt i e a tons we e s l i naur ,Bula d sil
e ors ha , l l t
he elva ntr c i
r exua n t e
l r tl
te t h r a he co- r s u
r aed e nd r wo ker nequa l a woul notha ,butf t rs x. Dipa at and
ly, nd
d
ve
or hei e
s re
i di te men on t ba i ofs x c n oc e i t a e e ofs xua a nce . Tha i
nvi ous r at t he ss e a cur ven n he bs nc
e l dva s
ts
be aus t naur oft ha a s ntma silr te t% ner lhosiiy t t pr s nc ofwomen
c e he t e he r s me
y tl el c i
ge a
tlt o he e e e
i t ewo k a e' On a ev Su do e O th r S r . I c,5 3 U. 7 ,8 ( 9 8 ( odng
n h r plc . c l , n wn r fà o e e v, n . 2 S. 5 0 1 9 ) h li
'
t t non- e
ha
s xual dicrm i ton c n be e nc t ough a e ' t ex- pe fc an der t y
s i na i a
vi ed hr
bus rs i s cii d
s
ogaor
tr s' dieced a vitm s or hi compa atve te t nt of bot s s i a ç i d-e
em ' r t
t ci
s
r i r a me
h exe n
' xe s x
m
wor a e'; Bel v Cr i Good Bak r , f 777 F. 1
kplc ') l . ackn
e s na,
2d 497, 1
503 ( 1h Ci. 1 )
1 t r 985
( si s ng bewee s xua haa s nt a haa s nt a c ihe by theaeni
ditnguihi
t n e l rsme nd rsme c ompls d
b r t ng,
t
b lc e de a ng,hosieorofe i conduc'bec us ofvitm' s .Br sa si
elios , me ni
tl
fnsve
t' a e
ci s ex) own' dmison
t ts ne r s f r d fom i e
ha he ve ufe e r k xualha asm e ' i not f alt he cli t t s r as
s
r s nt' s
at o r am ha he e onabl
y
b ived Bular ha c eae ahosiewor en r
ele
l d d r td
tl
k vionmvntbas d on s x.
e
e
Br wn ctst an mb ro a t t s p r h rra o a l b le ta s ewa s be tdt
o ie o u e f cs o u po t e e s n be eif h t h s u j ce o
a s x- e hosie wo k e r
e bas d tl r nviomnen . Shepoi st Bula d' r ma k t the s l t Br wn'
t
nt o
lr s e r ha
eeced o s
r ume b a ehebeived s wasLe ne e a t thepr erd Br s(lo a woma f
es
ec us
le
he
ba s nd ha
efre yne as
n) or
te CAPTURE j Tha rmak s ssnai lorgi dici nai (houg t ti not
h
ob.
t e r ugge t tona i n srmi ton t h ha s
ale d) or r oft - l fvorts - bu n s dicrmi ton. The mee fct t t a
lge
un- -hemil a iim
t ot ex s i nai
r a ha
s r s i a s f ies'among s di t doe nots
upevior l ygl avort '
pl
ubor naes s
ugges dicrmi ton,patc al
t s i nai
riulry
15
wh n a o j c o t es p r io ' fv i wihn te pan ifso ca s S eCh v zv URS
e n b e t f h u evs rs a or s ti h litf wn ls . e a e .
Fe#.Te h.Se m,I . 5 F.App' 81 822 ( 1h Ci.201 ( rc im)(uper s ac usd
c r nc, 04
x 9,
1 t r 3) pe ura s vior c e
o s xd srmiain Sa o e e l y e o b t s x s' v rpanig.Bul r ' sr atcta e
f e ici n to l v rd mp o e s f o h e e 'o e litf
f
l d s ac si é c
a
f
ofCAPTURE' l lf Br may f t poi t r f iim (n lghtofhi f ld
' abe or own
urher nt owads avorts i i
s aie
at tt brng Br si on CAPTURE wor ,buta i s ysnohi aboutBulad' att
temp o i
yne n
k)
gan a
t ng
lr s tiude
t dswom e The f vorts t m e c i d whe Bula d r as i
owar
n.
a iim he
ontnue
n
lr e sgned ar por t Br s t
e t o yne o
t r s t elva ha own s pe t d Bula d a
us c e
l r nd
c
ompl e butt s m e c ii a i . Neihe i i r e ntt tBr
et,
he a
rtque pples
Br sofha ng s
yne
vi ome s tofr a i orpe s
or om ntc
r onalc
onneci Par erv OtsEl at Co. 9 F.
ton. k . i ev or ,
App' 61 61 ( h Ci.2001 (ompli nga r
x 5, 7 9t r
) c ani bout omantcrltons pbewe n s r s a
i eai hi t e upevior nd
s di t and r s tng f rts no pr e t d be us r ltons p notpr bie by Til
ubor nae
e uli avo iim t ot c e ca e ea i hi
ohi td
te
51)
?1.
Alhoug i i pos i e t t Bula d' ha tofpr ng hi f tup on t de ks of hi
t h t s sbl ha
lr s bi
oppi
s ee
he s
s
f ma es di t sdurngm e tngsc d be viwe a as g ofdir pe r t d i hosiiy t
e l ubor na e
i
ei
oul
e d s in
ses ct oo e n tlt o
wome t r i unr te t tmony t tBula d di t s me t ng i t ofi e ofone ofhi
n, he e s ebu t d esi
ha
lr d he a hi n he fc
s
mal s ro s (l De 44:5- 1 . Addii ly.ast r wer no maesi t Advii
e upeir . Iyas po. 1 2 )
tonal
hee e
l n he
sng
De rme , t r i no e de e t t Bula d di not pr hi f e on d ks of ma e
pa t nt he e s
vi nc ha
lr
d
op s e t
es
l
s bor na e .o I lgh oft e denc Bula d' habi ofpr ng hi f etu i no bas d on
u di t s ' n i t he vi e, lr s
t
oppi
s e p s t e
Br
own' s
s ex.
Tha Bular onc e er d Br
t l d e nt e own' ofi e a sood cl e t he whie he ye ld s
s fc nd t
os o r l
le hows
t Bula dwasa abr sve bos - nott the wasa dic i i t y one.Se Cl r v S.Br
hat lr
n ai
s
ha
s rm na or
e ak .
owar
d
b Br
0 own co r ty nots t ts i notr quie t i r ce c pa at evi nce t e t ih a
recl
e ha he s
e r d o ntodu om r or de
o sabls
pi fcertl to cam.S drc v Dit Bd o r se so imi d CoI, 41F. u p.
rma a i eai in li he ik . s. . fT u te fM a - e l.9
a
Da
Sp
2d 1 48,1 ( D.Fl 201 . Nonehees,t exitnceora e e ofcompart smay be
3
370 S. a. 3)
t l s he se
bs nc
aor
pr atv i ev ua i t s rous s of t unde l ng c
ob i e n al tng he e i nes
he
ryi onduc ,whi h t pr e t d a tviy
t
c he ot c e c i t
pr oft r t lai a l i m us a e s
ong he e ai ton na yss t ddr s .
16
Hos Dit,601F.App' 88 8 900 ( 1h Ci.201 ( t mor,s r iorco r i
p. s
x 6, 991 t r 5) wihout e upe vs nfontng
a yeli atf l s di t i no pr tve ofs x- s d motvai ) Chav z,50 F,
nd lng emae ubor nae s t obai
e ba e
i tons;
e 4
App' a 8 ( nage c itnty beai fmal e oye i fon ofco- kesnotsxx t 22 ma r onsse l rtng e e mpl e n r t
wor r
e
ba e .Thes megoe f Bulad' prctceofla ngwor on Br sdes ove ni ,beng
s d)
a
s or lr s a i
e vi
k
own' k r ght i
unr s
e ponsve t quesi ,usng a pr t r e as i
i o
tons i
oxy o out sgnment,a de ng s e f Br
s nd nyi pac or own'
s
m ent s.
or
The l e mpl ofs x- e c
one xn e e bas d onduc dieced a Br
t r t t own i Bula d' pas i aluson t
s lr s sng l i o
he lpsik. Be us lpsik i a c m e i pr ta s aed wih women,one c r ona y
r i tc
ca e i tc s os tc oduc s ocit
t
an eas bl
c l t tBular sobs r to wasbas d on Br
onc ude ha
l d'
e vai n
e
own' a ar nc a awom a Iwildic s
s ppe a e s
n.
l s us
tei o t o lc te e o t sc mme tu e tef u t Ke rhp o g
h mp r ( r a k h rog f hi o n nd r h o rh nwo t r n .
Br
own alo ciest t ha a s e a us tonsofot r FAU emplyeesa i tBular
s t o he r s m nt cc a i
he
o
ga ns
l d.
I i tu t t i r or c
t s r e ha i ds
wo
onduct'die t t r ot r me be s of t pli ifs pr ece
' r ced owa ds he
m r
he antf
ot td
cls , whi h t pli tf ove he s wines e , or i ot r s a e of m a pr de t
as
c he a n if
r ar , t s s
s he wie war . y ovi he
f
ounda i f ahosie wor e r
ton or
tl
k nvionme c am . Ree e v C. Robi s Wordwi ,l . 594
nt l i
vs . H
n on
l de nc ,
F.d 7 8 8 1( 1h Ci. 01 ) Ed r sv la e Cm/.Col. F.d 1 7 1 2 ( lh Ci,
3 9 , 1 1 t r 2 0 ; wa d .Wal c
- I 49 3 51 , 5 2 1 t r
y
.
1 9 ) S h p v T wn o av a,11 F.d 1 6 1 1 ( d Ci.1 9 ) (o ig ta pli ifs
9 5 ; c wa p . o f d /
8 3 0 , 1 2 r 9 7 n tn h t ant
f
s c ha kn edge of der t y sa e e s c s i e u i t hosiiy of wor
e ond- nd owl
ogaor tt m nt ount n valatng he
tlt
k
e r me ) Crtc l t
nvion nt. iialy, hough,t pli ifmus acualy be a e oft a tviy t tt
he antf
t t l
war
he ci t i he
a
r e nttme a whi he a lgeshe e re ed t hosieen r
elva i t ch
le
xpe i nc he tl vionment' M e t v Nat1Daiy
.' lon .
r
LLC, 0 F. u p. 1 0 ,1 41( . Al. 01 ) s ealo Go z e p Fl,De 'o gh y
7 5 S p 2d 3 3 3 M D. a 2 0 ; e s n alz . a p t fHi wa
sc ? and M ot Ve ce 237 F.Supp.2d 1
' z
/d
or hils,
338,1 ( D.Fl.2002) (r i s
350 S. a
gantng ummay
r
j d me to h siewo k e vr n n cam wh r p an ifdd n tma ece ri ow a d whe
u g n n o tl r n io me t li ee litf i o k la k
h n
n
hel r dof' fnsvec
eane
ofe i omme s.
nt)
17
Se r oft i i nt t whi Br wn r e s1 oc r e prort he sa tng wor a
ve al he nc de s o
ch o
ef r l cu r d i o r t ri
k nd
s d notat mptt pr t ts wasc za oft e whie e oye by FAU .Theonl
he oes
te
o ove ha he
ogni nt hes
l mpl d
y
s conde
hand i or ton t t Br
nf ma i ha own de
monsr t s s kne about be or l ng he own
ta e he
w
f e odgi
r
c ait wee ( )Gor Wal psr tofs xualhaa s nta s pii ofs e nt
ompl ns r 1
don- dor epor e
rs me nd us con ubs que
rt iton a ( Hi r sge r lc a trzai ofBula d as l pl a s ii sor
ealai nd 2) bbed' ne a harcei ton
lr
oud, us pecfc t y
a
boutBula d sa i t doori a hera s ' f c Fort e r s dicus e a
lr l mm ng he
n not dviors a e.
h ea ons s s d bovest
he
i or ton ac r d fom Hi r doe not move t nee e i r sng a i e e e t t
nf ma i
quie r
bbe d
s
he
dl n aii n nf r nc ha
Bu lr s be vi wa s x- s d. And alhou Gor W al ps dicl ur m a hav
la d' ha or s e ba e
t gh
don- dor
s os e y
e
ge ne y c or d Br
nui l ol e
own' pe c pton of Bula d' aci , Gor W a dor t tfe t t t
s re i
lr s tons
don- l f esiid ha he
c
onduc whih motvaed he c ai had c s d prort Br sa rval ( don- al f
t c
i t r ompl nt
ea e i o own' ri . Gor W dor
De o.232023 . Th e e t h v n p se te c ud n th v c nrb td t a o j cie
p
: - ) e v n s a i g a sd, h y o l o a e o ti ue o n b e tv
a s s ntofo ng hosiiy t r swome
s es me
ngoi
tlt owa d
n.
Addii ly,t ct d i i t a be vi do notc
tona l he ie ncden s nd ha or
ome cos t s ts yi t f t
l e o a if ng he ourh
Ke
nworh ee e , whi r quies a s
t lm nt
ch e r
howi t t t ha as ment was s ve e or per sve.
ng ha he r s
e r
va i
Ke wo t, 7F.da 1 5 Re v s 5 4F.da 8 8(mp a ii gtedi u cien tr o te e
n rh 27 3 t 27 ; e e , 9 3 t 0 e h szn h s n tv au e f h s
j
t ms.Cours i evauatn t fcor mus consde whehe t ale d c
er )
t,n l ig he a t . t i r t r he lge ondue i ' scal
t s ' i ly
phy
t tni orhum ii tng,ora m e e ofe i u t r nc a whehe i un ea ona y i e f r s
keae ng
lai
r f nsve te a e; nd
t r t r s bl ntre e
wih a e l e ' wo k p ro ma c . Ha rs p Fo k# S s,l c,51 U. 1 ,2 ( 9 3 .
t n mpoy es r ef r n e' r i . r l y . n . 0 S. 7 3 1 9 )
'
in o u ussae n s' on te u t Gu a v Fl . .o ge t, 1 F.d 5 1 5 3( 1h Ci.
i n c o ttme t'd o o n . pt . a Bd fRe ns 2 2 3 7 , 8 1 t r
l
2000) abr gatd on ot rgr
, o e
he oundsb Buri onN ( Sant FeRy.Co.v Whie,548 U. 53
y lngt
f
a
. t
S.
( ) Furhemor t e de e i c i r d t umultvel a i t t aiy of t
2006 .
t r e, he vi nc s onsde e i
c ai y nd n he otlt
he
1 I pa tc a , Hi r s r c i t t Bula d i t t he voi e; Dr Tom Fe a z'
1 n riul r bbe d' e ountng ha
lr miaed r c
.
m nde s
aly to ta Bulr ma earcs c mme t a dtefc a dcru tn e u d rwhc te
le ain h t lad d a it o n; n h at n ic msa c s n e ih h
Advli De rme unde we s xua ha a s e tani
sng pa t nt
r nt e l r s m nt r i ng.
18
cru tn e . Re v s 5 4 F.d a 8 8 Th sg iia e o a y o fn i wo d i j d e
ic msa c s' e e , 9 3 t 0 . e in fc nc f n fe dng r s s u g d
'
a cor ngt t c e i whi t wor we e s
c di o he ontxt n ch he ds r poken.1 a 81
d. t 0.
Und r t s sa d,Bula d' obs v ton t t Br
e hi t ndar
lr s er a i ha own was we rng lpsik i cea l
a i i tc s l ry
imo uo ,e n i i madehe unc ora e. I as ha ne onl onc M or over eve t
r c us ve f t
r omf tbl t lo ppe d y e.
e , n he
m or boo ih r m a ks a r quessf hugsand kis r aed by Gor W al ff l wel s
e rs e r nd e t or
s es elt
don- dor a l l hy
ofs wi a pat r ofhum ii ton t i e f r d wih wor pe f m a e. l ed,t Elve t
ho ng
te n
lai hat ntr e e t
k ror nc nde he e n h
Cic i h s c n itn l rj ce h tl wo k e v r n n cams b s d o mo e d su bn
rut a o sse ty ee td osi r n io me t li a e n r it r ig
e
c
onduc.Se ,eg. Me av Bor n,/ . l95F. 1
t e . , ndoz . de nc.
3d 238,1 - ( lh Ci.1 (fimi
24748 1 t r 999) a fr ng
s mmayj d me tf r mply rwh r s p r io t l f maes b r iaet' g ti frdu ,
u l u g n o e o e ee u e vs r od e l u o dn t $ m et ie p'
1
ng
'
r d hi hi a i thc whie t hi he s de and s ii t ce made s fl s
ubbe s p gans r l ouc ng r houl r
m lng, wi
nifng ounds
whiel nga he goi ara,a c tnty f lwedhe a saed a he) Gu a, 21 F.
l ooki t r r n e nd onsa l olo
r nd tr t r; pt
2 3d
a 58 - 5(e e sn dsrc c u t n e trngs mmayj d me tf re o e wh r c - k r
t 4 8 rv ri g itit o r a d n ei u r u g n o mply r ee o wore
fe nty c l fm a e e oye a ni tt a k pe s
r que l aled e l mpl e t gh o s r onalque to ,c i l as d he t
si ns ontnualy ke r o
l h,sa e a he ,ha hi s r of i herpr s e,t uc d he knee,br celt rng,and dr s
unc tr d t r d s hit f n
e enc o he r
a e, i
es
h m, n c le he be u iu) Mic el . pe 1 9 F. p x 91 , 3 1 ( 1h Ci. 0 6 ( e
e a d ald r a tf l; th l v Po , 8 Ap ' 1 91 - 4 1 t r 2 0 ) p r
c ra ( fimi s mmay j g n i e ly rsf v rwh r s p r s r ma e t fe ie
u im) a fr ng u r ud me t n mpo e ' a o e e u evio d k fnsv
o
ut r nce ' t r f m al s di t , tid t kis he ,lhed he ove hi he d,r bbed up
te a s' owa ds e e ubor na e re o s r i
r r s a u
a i the andra he acos he che t.
gans r
e c d r s r s)
Ofc s Br wn n d no pe f ta hosiewor e r
our e, o
ee t rec
tl
k nvionme cli i or rt s w t t
nt am n de o ho ha
s e r a o a l to h s e h d b e s be td t a h sie wo k e vr n n a t e t s e
h e s n by h ug t h a e n u jce o o tl r n io me t t h i h
me
oppos d t c
e he onduc . She m us onl s
t
t y how t tt be vi wasçc os e
ha he ha or
'l e nough. Cl e ,1
' ov r 76
'
F. a 1
3d t 351. But e n unde t s m or pe mi sve c ie i t e de e m a s l i
ve
r hi
e r s i rt ron, he vi nc
rhaled s
i de t The lon' s r of t unde l ng c
na qua e.
i s ha e
he
ryi onduc . whi r aes t pe c ve unf i
t
ch elt o r ei d
ar
19
te t n, i n tj s i u sce t i d g e , b t o tie Til Vl' p r iw. A h si
rame t s o u t ns f in n e re u usd te ls u ve
o tl
e
e r
nvionme cai pr s on s
nt l m emied
uch c t ialy dif r nt a t woul nm i o çbi ng
aegorc l fe e c s
d
nt i ndi
p e e e t - n mey Ke wo t a d is p o e y - ç q a ey h l ig t a (h l p riua
r c d n' a l, n rh n t r g n
'
i u rl odln ) h t te a t lr
s
c
c
onduc i nota unl wf e oyme pr c ie. Bute ,5 F. a 1 4;s alo Cout v
ts
n a ul mpl
nt a tc '
'
lr 36 3d t 21 ee s
u .
Ma tn Cr.Bd t c/.Co ' , F.d 1 6 ,1 4 ( 1h Ci.1 9 )Ciu n arte t n'b
ri y
p . mm r 47 3 0 8 07 1 t r 9 5 l j fi rame t' y
/ p
s
is fc nnotpr d t b i f pr e t a tviy)1
tel a
ovied he ass or otced ci t .2
The sngl exa e t s vi t ' s d- ' i r i s f r fom m e tng t
i e
mpl hat ur ves he i e on' nquiy s o a r
ba
e i he
l e r orpel sve' hr s d t ti doe noteve r a t lvelofs a t ed ofe i e r mar
l ve e
s
va i 't e hol ha t s
n e ch he e
c ter
f nsv e ks
t we e t m s vesde d we lbe o t ma k i o he c es See eg. Bute ,536 F. a
hat r he el
eme
l l w he r n t r as . , . , l r
3d t
1 1 (nvol ng t r i e t t) Mor ove , t c es t Br wn cies ae ea iy
2 4 i vi wo acal pihes.
e r he as hat o
t r sl
d si s bl a c
itnguiha e nd annot r as
e onabl be consr d t s
y
tue o uppor he i e r a i of s
t r ntp etton
ex
dic i naton.' Fort s r s , Br
s rmi i '
he e ea ons own f l t r s t i e e t i wasr s na e f
ais o aie he nf r nce hat t
ea o bl or
:Th Elv nhCic i h sc n itnl rj ce atem pt t s tsf t pr ect actviy pr on
2 e e e t rut a o sse ty ee td t s o a i y he ot ed i t ong
t s t r See e. , Knot, 624 F. Ap x a 998 (le tons t s r s r e ed i
hi heo y.
, g.
t
p' t
algai hat upevio ngag n
e es i moniorng,f ie t a ss pl i if c le c e enc wihou c uli he ,a
xc sve
t i
a ld o s it antf, a ld onf r e t t ons tng r nd
rfre h r t j b s p o tprg a di not s p o t o j cie ra o a ln s of g n e
eerd e o o u p r o r ms d
u p r b e tv e s n be e s
edr
dici nain c ai ) Bid haw v Dil d' l . 308 F.App' 431,436- ( 1h Ci.
s rmi to ompl nt; r ys
. lar s nc,
x
37 1 t r
2009)( rc im)(eterdecrbi ma rsl rh te t
pe ura l t s i ng nage ' i s rament i con ci wih awor
ha
n ne ton t
krltddiput 'wa no pr e tdoppostont s dici nai .
eae s e' s t otce
ii o ex s rmi ton)
1 I Be l v Cr ki Good Bak r , t El nt Cicui pl ed g ea wei on c
3 n l . ac n
e s he eve h r t ac
r t ght
ompa aor
rt
e denc ,fndi i sgnii a t tt pl ntf,who wasr e l sy be ite by he s r s ,
vi e i ng t i fc nt ha he ai if
elntes l ltld
r upe vior
wa t onl woma hol ng a c ran hi l ve poston,whie s ver m e i smia postons
s he y
n di
e ti gh-e l ii
l e al n n i lr ii
wer te t d r pe tuly. #e 777 F. a 15
e r a e es c f l
#,
2d t 02. I a s r id on t f c st tno woma had
t lo ele
he a t ha
n
eve hel t pl ntf sposton a t pl be or a t the s r s ha sa e t woul
r d he ai if
ii t he ant f e nd ha r upe vior d t t d '
he
d
ty t r he of i hecoul ' 1 Her t s cii c e ofa s vs a ti adesg t
r o un r f f
d. d. e,he pe fc ontxt
'
uper ior dmitng
in o
rm ovea wom a fom a unpr e nt d poston ofa t iy i a en .M or rBr
e
n r
n
ec de e
ii
u hort s bs t
eove own ca t
nno
ofe c pa aore de e be aus Bula d s r ied onl wome He i a i of Wilams
f r om r t vi nc c e lr upe v s
y
n. r nvoc ton
li
v Mari t 86 F.Supp.11 ( . Fl 1 ,fisf t s meras Smih v Ci o w
. rots 4
68 M D. a. 994) al or he a e on. t , t fNe
y
S r a Be c iv le afmaefrfy tri amaed mi td stig wh wa s bett
my n a h n ov d e l ieihe n
l-o nae etn , o s ujc o
e i tde gr to ofwome sc bili s l sofprvieg ove he p egna
xplci ni ai ns
n' apa lte , os
i l es r r r ncy,and ofi i l
fc a
polcispr bii ç r ma z ne 'an tmpo . 588 F.App' at979- Not ng oft s t
i e ohi tng ' l ga i s' d a ns
gi
x
80. hi
hat or
t pl ce he e.
ook a
r
20
he t bei s s f r fom a hosie wor e r
r o leve he ufe ed r
tl
k nvionmentbas d on s x dic i i ton att
e
e s rm na i
he
tmes c
i he ompli dt he s ror .
ane o r upe i s
One fna is bea s addr s i
i l s ue r
e sng. Br
own i iil r ies a ale ai ar
mplcty a s n tm tve gume t
nt o
r c h r poston t t s x dic i i ton c pli s we e pr e e She i r e t
es ue e
ii hat he e s rm na i om a nt r otctd.
ntoduc s he
pr ii t t when l ngan i e a compl nt a Til VI pl ntf nee note pl : gi
oposton ha ,
odgi
ntm l
ai , te 1 ai if d
m oy i c
ma
wor ,'s h asdic i na i I i e
ds' uc
s rmi ton. t s nough i t fgur t whom t conduc i r td c n
f he i e o
he
t s epore a
r a o y i e an a l ato ofunl uldic i nai n fom t f c soft c
e s nabl nf r leg i n
awf s rmi to r he a t
he ompli . Br
ant own
a s t nk i s le t t i c i rng t e f c s t FAU fgur t whom s s
lo hi s t a int ha , n onsde i hos a t , he
i es o
he poke woul
d
ha be n a r of o he cic sa e t t Br
ve e wa e
t r r um tnc s ha own di not dicus but whih m i ha
d
s s
c
ght ve
c rbutd t t r maki a i e e e of s x dic i naton. Si lry, Br
onti e o hei
ng n nf r nc
e s rmi i
mia l
own ur t t
ges ha
Be ' pos-e m i ton c l i t ts e age i p o e t d c
huls tt r na i oncuson ha he ng d n r t c e onducts
upporsa r s bl
t ea ona e
beleft the underyi c
i ha r
l ng ompl i swe epr e t d.
ant r ot c e
No publs d o ni i t sCic thashed t tt pr ec e a tviy pr i s ts d
ihe pi on n hi rui
l ha he ot t d c i t ong s aife
s el whe t pl ntf c
ol y
n he ai if onve e
ys nough i or ton f he e pl r t unde san t t
nf ma i or r m oye o
r t d ha
dicrm i ton hasbe n ale d - t
s i nai
e lge hough s
ome c rsha s i id,s e,eg. M u ph 383 F.
ou t ve o mple e . . r y
App' at91 Re d v Gode CoralCor .1 F.Supp.2d 1 43,1 54 ( . Al
x
8; ynols . l n r
p. 06
2
253- M D. a,
1 9 ) l af on t i a u p bih d d cso teElv n h Cic i a r e ta ith r i n
9 9 . n o to e n n n u ls e e iin, h e e t r ut g e d h t i l ee s o
g
magi wor r quieme ' a t tt lbela pl ntf put t he e inc s wilnotde e ne
c d e r nt' nd ha he a
ai if s o r xpere e l
t nni
whehert e pl ri ço notc oft ofendi be vi . Olon v Lo ' Home Ct.I .
t he m oye s in ie he f ng ha or' s . we s
'
r nc,
1 0 F.App' 380,391,n. ( 1h Ci.2005) Eve a ce i t e prncpls t r i no
3
x
22 1 t r
. n c ptng hes i i e . hee s
a t iy f Br n' pr
u hort or ow s opos c ola y - t tuns a e c r um s a s ofw hi h t em pl r i
ed or l r
ha
t t d ic t nce
c he
oye s
a r m us be weghed i de i ng whe he one coul ma a r s bl i e e
wa e
t
i
n c di
t r
d
ke
ea ona e nf r nce of
dic i na i
s rmi ton.
21
M or t t poi , how a e oye fa e he a lga i or how t e oye
e o he
nt
n mpl e r m s r le tons
he mpl r
s be t ey p r ev st e i n tte d tr n tv is e whe e mi ig p o e td a tvt .
u j ci l ec ie h m s o h eemiaie su
v
n xa nn r tce ciiy
e
.
Alh h t Thid Cic tha e s d t s c l ' r e i t or '1 Fogl m an v M ery
t oug he r r ui s ndor e he o- aled i c pton he y',4
pe
c
Hos ,I .283F. 5 ,565( Ci,2002) t sCic thasde lne t a i a ye.Care
p. nc,
3d 61
3d. r
,hi rui
ci d o dopt t s t
tr
v Col a C/ , 597 F.App' 574,580 ( 1h Ci.201 ( r cu im)
. umbi z.
x
1 t r 4) pe ra .
i tue t t
s r ha
de
monsr tng e pl r notc i a i pend r quie e unde t c alt pr
ta i m oye
ie s n nde
ent e r m nt
r he aus iy ong of a
p i fci ca e Hi
rma a e s . gdon v Jackv v Jac son,393 F. 1 11 1 ( 1h Ci.2004 , Butt
.
on . k
3d 2 , 220 1 t r
)
o
s o p oe td a tv t,ap an ifmu tsila d c fcst tae o j ci ey i l s e ug 't
h w rtce ciiy litf s tl d u e a t ha r be tv l l o e no h' o
c
wha woul be t bass of a s c sul dic i i ton cai . Cl er 1 F. a 1 .
t
d
he
i
uc es f
s rm na i l m
ov , 76 3d t 351
Ac o dn l,Br c n o cr u e tte o j ciec o e to te t o d fi ra o a l
c r igy own a n t ic mv n h be tv omp n n f h k o at e s n b e
g
h,
bei f'es by s ultng on t t
le' t t pec a i
he houghtpr s esofFAU ad i sr t s
oce s
m nita or .
b.Re a i i Br
t laton: own a s a l st ts r s bl be i e Bula d r t laed agans
lo lege ha he ea ona y lev d
lr e a it
i t
h ra trhewa ma a r o h roi ia c mpans Be a eteo j ciera o a e e so
e fe
s de wa e f e rgn l o li t. c us h b e tv e s n bln s f
t sbeifi te t s tntvelw,Br mus come s
hi le s id o ubsa i a
own t
omewhatcl et pr ng t :(1 s
os o ovi hat ) he
ha pr vi l enga i apr ecedaci t ( Buladt r he t se t adves l a
d e ousy
ged n ot t tviy; 2) lr heea r ook tps o
rey nd
maei l i c t t ms a condii ofhe empl nt an ( t orgi pr ece
traly mpa t he er nd
tons
r
oyme ; d 3) he i nal ot td
a tvt a ds b e u n a v rea to swe ec us l c n ce .Cr wf r , 2 F.da 97
ciiy n u s q e t d e s cin r a al o ne td a o d 5 9 3 t 0.
y
The ei ly,$ c ai a t rt iton f a pr eced aci t ( y is l be a
orteal ç ompl nt bou ealai or ot t tviy ma j tef
a
pr e e a tviy. Shah,1
otctd c i t '
'
999 W L 1 42979,a *1 Butwhehe i i s i pr c i s d
0
t 4.
t r t s o n a tce houl
lgialy de
o c l pend on whehert a e ede a tviy wasa t ly pr e t d. Ast t a e de
t he nt c nt c i t
c ua l ot c e
o he ntce nt
a tviy,Iha ale dy de e m i d t tt hos ie w or e r e c r s wer unpr e t
ci t
ve r a
t r ne ha he tl
k nvi onm nt ha ge
e
ot c ed.
1 Ac or ng t t pe ce i t y,a e oye ' mit n bele t a pl i ife ge i
4 c di o he r pton heor n mpl rs sake
i f hat antf nga d n
p o e td a tvt ma s b ttt f ra o j ci d tr nai t a s e dd s . Fo e n v
r tce cii
y y u si e o n be t ee mi t h t h i o glma .
u
ve
on
Me c Hos ,I .283F. 561 565( Ci.
ry p. nc,
3d ,
3d. r 2002)
.
22
Howe r e
ve , ven as umi l c d c i Br
s ng
oul onsder own' a lga i
s le tons of r t i i f
ealaton or
co pli ng abo a hosie wor e r
m a ni
ut
tl
k nvionmenti a vac ,Br
n
uum
own' cai silf is Tha i
s l m tl a l.
ts
b c u e s e c n ts o ( )ta i wa o j ciey r a o be f rh rt beiv ta Bulr
e a s h a no h w 1 h t t s be tv l e s na l o e o le e h t l d
a
i lce a a ree oymentaci uponhe atrs ma he orgi lrpors a ( t t
ntitd n dve s mpl
ton
r fe he de r i na e t; nd 2) ha
i wasr a ona e f he t dr a ca a co
t
e s bl or r o aw
us l nnec i be we n t an e den c
ton t e he t ce t ompli ta t
a n nd he
pe c ve a s a ton.Bl sigame 2007 W L 420190, #1 n. 1.
r ei d dvere c i
a n
,
at 0, 1
As t t fr t r quie
o he is e r ment Br
, own has s ese t t a s re of e nt c eaed a
ugg t d ha
eis
ve s r t
r t it y hosie wor en r
eala or
tl
k vionme ,whi t El nt Cic tr cognied i Gows v.Peak
nt
ch he eve h r ui e
z n
ki
es
682 F.3 1
d 299, 1 2 ( 1h Ci.201 ( c im)1 I r ponse t he Se e r 201
31 1 t r 2) per ura .5 n es
o r ptmbe
4
meei wihAsef lya ,a Ziouc an,Br cai t tBular ( )l yrquetdahug
tngs t s f, l s nd l hi
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rm e n r n f t e e pl; 2 d o e o e n
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rpec sonshewoul fc f herr e c ant;( ma dit td f esa he;a (
e rusi
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ec nt ompli s 3) de sore ac t r nd 4)
de i ael wal d i t m i e oft ha l y t hi
lber t y ke n he ddl
he lwa o nderhe pa s ge. The e r ci ar not
r sa
s ea tons e
e n i t s m e balpar as t c uct i Gows .6 He e,Bula d' pr ta f r be vi
ve n he a
l k
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n
ki1
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ma ie t n t ig mo e ta ' et a d tiil sih s Ha rsv Fl.Age c f rHe lh Ca e
n fss o hn r h n t ty n rv a' l t. r i . a n y o a t r
p
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Admi. 611F.App' 949,953 ( 1hCi.2015 ( rc i (mpori t conc ptofti aiy
n,
x
1t r
) pe uram) i tng he
e
rvilt
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r he r dii l eaiton ontxt o
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t
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s ea sgne o l hi r n he a
n:
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1 Gows i i por t t f c or t tcours alea c i r i eval tng ta tonalhosie
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r n r n n li . wide . fè s n y. mm n 9 Ap x 9 2 1 t r
201 ( rc im)
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1 Gows ii vol d at r t d c m pa g ove ye st s e d r m or agans t pl ntfs s ii
6
k n ve a ge e a i n r ar o pr a u s i t he ai if , olct
n tve r rs oft i pe f ma e,i tu tot r e pl es t e our t r r sgna i
egai epo t
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rsrc terp iie e ,r mo et e fo c mmie sa d p oe t.b n t e fo c n u tn
etit h i rv lg s e v h m r m o t e n rj cs a h m r m o d cig
t
r s r h,r as i t rpostons a gi t m pooreva u i . Gows i 682 F. a 1 3- 4.
e ea c e s gn hei
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l atons
k,
3d t 31 1
23
i tfe he s f a t CAPTURE r pr s nttve not per ti Br
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c e enc c l;sammi hi doori Br
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ng s
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s nc de s al i y t n he e m
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t ai
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ve h r
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s
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i ntc l t t r m or t t t admi sr ton i Gowk is e t da a t r putton of
de ia , o he u s ha he
nitai n
s pr ad o m ge he e a i
c
ompl ni docor . Gows i 682 F. at1 3. Ye one pe ni ous nl o ,e n i a ur t l
ai ng t s
k,
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t
r ci
m r ve f cc a e y
r l ed t Br
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et
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a r.
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t fBoc t n 2 S. 7 , 8 1 8 ioae n ie t s e ' te l e iu 't
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ai blau p.
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sngl i de c eae hosie wo k e r e , i mus be l
i e nci nt r ts
tl
r nvionm nt t
t
s i ly t e t ng or
physca l hr aeni
h miitn Al n v Co tlo 2 4 F.d 3 5 3 4 (d.Ci.2 0 )(ig e i ie tmu tb
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t d- uh ig ' litf o u e ir s o ufi in l e ee r r a ie o le r i
b
c ndii )1 An t
o tons .8 d hough t Cour r ogniest tt se
he
t ec z ha hi ventmus be e ned i c ext
t xami n ont ,
1 Thi l s s
7 s a t nub oc ur ed afe Br
c r
t r own ha ale
d r ady l d h r t i ton c pl n s s w oul
odge er e ala i om ai t , o
d
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nc e a a iy obl m ve f ee d dver e.
s
1 Br
8 own a s ct st Gor W al fst si o t ts e hea d Bula d die tng Pe e t gi
lo ie o
don- dor e tm ny ha h
r
lr rci
r z o ve
Br wn as i
o
sgnmen s whih he i ende f he t be una e t c plt on tm e i or r t
t
c
nt d or r o
bl o om e e
i , n de o
l th' Br
i c ' own' pe f m a e f ii . Ta ge e at mpt t i e s di es f iur s or
ca
s ror nc a lngs
r t d te s o nduc ubor nat ' a l e
unde mi t i wo k pr tm a be a r e a tons Se ,e. ,Le . v Fe Prion l s,
r ne her r oduc
y
dve s c i . e g. wï . #. s ndu .
ç
l . 78 F. 15 1 ( 1h Ci.1 ) (e ptng diti c tsfndi t ts pe vs
nc, 6 2d 37, 540 1 t r 986 a ce i srct our'
ng ha u r ior
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Re e s5 F.d a 808 none oft ale dl r a e ale c i wih Bula d rs above ti a
ev s 94 3 t ,
he lge y elt d t r atons t
l r ie
rvil
wor pl c si s Si e evi nce ofs er orpe v i hosiiy i ab ent 1do notr a h t
k a e lght. nc
de
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r asve tlt s s ,
e c he
que ton ofBr spe c pton ofac allnk ( e a t Bulad' ts a ' a sg nt
si
own' r e i
aus i exc pt s o lr s iabotge' sinme ,
a e s di n.8)
ddrs e n 1 .
Thus Br
, own f l t adduc s fcintevi nce t ts eng d i pr ec e a tviy
ais o
e ufi e
de
ha he age n ot t d c i t
wh n s ec mplie t F o fcasa o tBu lr srtl tr b h vir S mmayj d me t
e h o an d o AU fiil b u lad' eai o y e a o . u r u g n
a
i t e or gr nt d i FAU' f vorwih r s c t Br
s her f e a e n
Sa
t e pe t o own' r tla i ca eofaci
s ea iton us
ton.
#.Di lt Dic i i ton
sabii.v s rm na i
Thr
ough he s c ca eofa ton,Br
r e ond us
ci
own a lgest tFAU dicrm i t d ag ns heron
le
ha
s i na e ai t
t ba i ofhe dia lte whe i tnni t he e pl
he ss
r s biiis
n t e naed r m oymenta r us d he ac ommoda i
nd ef e r c
ton
rquet (
e s. Compl ! 5859) scli a iesunde t Re ltton Actof1 Pub.L.No,
. ! - .Thi am rs
r he habiiai
973,
93- 1 87Stt 355( odii a 29 U. C.j794) be us FAU i ac rd e iyt trcev
1 2, a.
c fed t
S.
, ca e
s ovee ntt ha e ies
f de algr nt. The s m e sa r gove ni cl ms u rt Amerca wih Dia lte Ac
e r a s
a
t nda ds
r ng ai nde he
i ns t s biiis t
(
ADA)a pyt camsu d rteRe a l ainAc .2 U. C. 7 4 d ;Ca hv Smi s 31F.d
p l o li n e h h bitto t 9 S. j 9 ( ) s . t 2 3
i
h
1 ,1 ( 1hCi.2000 .
301 305 1 t r
)
To e t ihaprmafci ADA cl m,apli ifmus s t t( )s ha adiabiiy;
sabls
i ae
ai
antf t how ha 1 he s s lt
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2 h s i aiid ndvdu l' n h t h s i l o e f r h se ta u cin f h r
q
'
a
po iin wi o wi u r a o be a c mmo ai n' a d () t d fn a t i nlwf l
sto l t r t t e s na l c o d to ' n 3 he e e d n k a ul
h
ho
;
u
y
ds rmiae a an t(e)b c u e o te d s blt- Re d v HelCos2 6 F.d 1 5 ,1 61
ici n td g is h r e a s f h ia ii ' e . i . 0 3 0 5 0
y'
ha ased empl
rs
oyee by ' ii t c t h hi i s e mit ke or mom e of i tviy'.
l tng o a c m n om
wa
sa
nt
naci t '
)
Howe r a c s ln i mi sng. Br
ve , au al i k s s i
own has pr entd n e de e t s was awa e of
es e o vi nc hat he
r
Bula d' die tve whie e pl d a FAU. l ed,t i onna i a
lr s r c i
l m oye t
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ton ppea s t have eme g
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r ed
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y ec nty r
do W l or
posto e tm
t ans t s mpos i e f
sbl or
Br wn t ha eh l as b e tv , o d fi b le t a Bu lr wa rtlaig a an th ro t i
o o v ed u j cie g o at eif h t lad s eaitn g is e n hs
h
bass Ed ds 49F. a 1 (ncde swhih pli ifdi notdic ru i a rtnni ton
i. war ,
3d t 522 i i nt c antf d
s ove ntl he e nai
i o l n t a ec nrb tdt h rs be tv viw o ah tl e vr n n '.
i ud o h v o ti ue o e u j cie e f osi n io me f)
c
e
25
( 1h Ci. 0 0 . Unlwf ld srmi ain icu sno j s utmae e l y n d cso s b t
1t r2 0 )
a u ici n to n lde t u t li t mp o me t e iin , u
alo,i e ala,f lng t m a r as bl r que t d ac om moda i t t do not i pos a
s ntr i aii o ke e ona e e se c
tons ha
m e n
u d eh r s i o t ee ly rsb sn s o rto s 4 U. C. 1 1 ( )5 ( ; 'n eov
n u ad h p n h mpo e ' u i e s peain . 2 S. j 21 2 b ( )A) D A g l .
Con aFoods I .422F. 1 1 ( 1hCi.
Agr
, nc,
3d 220, 236 1 t r 2005)
.
FAU ar s t t Br
gue ha own' dia lt cai f l be a e FAU ma t de son t
s s biiy l m ais c us
de he cii o
t nni t he prort i havi knowl dge ofhe alege dia lte . FAU c e t ti l
e na e r i o t
ng
e
r l d s biiis
ont nds ha s yas
l
de i ed t s pa ae Br
c d o e r t own' e pl e t a FAU afe s ki t Ziouchin on J nua y 8,
s m oym n t
tr pea ng o l
a
a r
201 9 ( 21 a 2,ctng IyasDe 107: 6) Howe ,t de ii t tmony doesnot
5. DE 3 t ii l
5
po. 3- .
ver he poston esi
s ppor FAU' poston. Iya t tfe t tt de i i t fr FAU wa a colec i de ii n,
u
t
S ii
l s esii d ha he c son o ie
s
l tve c so
whih i ve l la huma rs ur e . (l De 1 22)1 1 1 . W henas who
c nvol d ega nd
n e o c s lyas po. 06: 07:5- 8)
ked
rc
e omm e d t nni tng Br
nde e nai
own,Iy tsii d;
las e tfe
W ho,t s was a c l c i dec son be aus we r lz t st i i r ly
hi
ole tve ii
c e
eai ed he iuaton s eal
g tng outofha a ba e on wha ha ned i t m e tng,on J nua y 8h,
eti
nd nd s d
t ppe
n he e i
a r t
a t t r s uton t twa --i m y opi on,t twass
fer he e ol i ha s
n
ni ha
uppos d t be a m e tng
e o
ei
a
bouts m ehi ele i Ir ca lco r c l and t m e tng di notgo ve y wel a
o t ng s f e l r e ty
he e i
d
r
l nd
we r alz t s st to i not s t i e a t s i m or ki of dir i
e ied hi iuai n s
usanabl nd hi s
e nd
suptve
be i an we ne de bete s r c t o ope a i a we decde t ha
hav or d
e d tr e vie o ur r tons nd
i d o ve
s pa a i
e r ton.
(d a 1 211 6 .9 Contar t FAU' r e e ai t st tmony doesnotr l c t t
1 t 06: - 07:)1
ryo
S eprs ntton, hi esi
ete t ha
Iya ma t dec son t t nae Br
l s de he ii o enui t own on J nua y 8. And bas d on hi des rpton t l ga
a r
e
s c i i hat e l
a h n r our s we e i vol d i t tdecson,i i i oncevabl a las on t r co d
nd uma es ce
r n ve n ha
ii t s nc
i e, t e t
he e r
be or t Cou t t tt de son wasm a on J nuar 8 a l la hum a r ou c s h not
f e he
r, ha he cii
de
a y , s ega nd
n es r e ad
go tn i ve yet As t decson da e i diput d,a c d have ha ne afe Br
te nvol d .
he ii
t s s e nd oul
ppe d t r own
be n s ndi e a l a
ga e ng m is bout he healh i s s on J nua y 9,FA U has not s n t t i di not
r
t s ue
a r
how ha t d
1 Ata hedhe e o a Exhi tl.
9 tc
rt s
bi
26
know a
boutBr
own' al ge dia lte pror t he tr i ton. FAU' moton f s
s le d s biiis i o r e m na i
S
i or ummar
y
j d me ti d ne o t i g o n
u g n s e id n h s r u d.
FAU as a guest tBr
lo r
ha own doe notha a diabiiy wihi t me ng oft ADA .
s
ve
s lt t n he ani
he
One o t wa t de onsr t a dia lt i t s
f he ys o m ta e
s biiy s o how t t FAU r r d he as havi a
ha
ega de
r
ng
dia lt . 42 U. C.j 1 02( )C)2 Br wn m ant i t tt r lva FAU a i sr t r
s biiy
i ans ha he ee nt
dm nita o s
S.
21 1( .0 o
we e awa e of he a et i ime bas on t e a l t r c i d fom Br
r
r
r nxi y mpar nt ed
he m is hey e e ve r
own a he
nd r
mot r whih t y f waded t e h ot r(n one c s de i tng t mesa asofS gh'
he , c he or r o ac he i
a e sgnai he s ge
d '
hi
prort . Vi ngt fcsi t lg mos fvorbl t Br
i iy) ewi he a t n he iht t a a e o own,t r i a las s e de
hee s t e t ome vi nce
fo wh c a r a o a l j r c ud c n ld t a FAU p rev d Br wn t be i ard.
r m ih e s n b e u y o l o cu e h t
e c ie o o
mp ie
Alhough Ziouc a Ka t As ef, lya ,and Tomani c me e ltl, i a al i t i
t
l hin, ba , s f l s
o om nt d ite f t l, n her
c rs
ore pondenc a
e boutt e l ,t f tt tt cic aed t e e l quikl a wi l
he mais he ac ha hcy r ult hos mais c y nd dey.
a d med t
nd ee
hem a ofl g 'i
s t h' mporanc r as bl c n be s n a pr oft rsg tca e.
hi
t e, e ona y a
ee s oof hei ini nc
i
S e lr/ev Po t se Ge 4 8 F. p x 4 5 4 8 ( 1h Ci. 2)( rc ra (xpann
e 't/ . sma tr ns 8 Ap ' 6 , 6 1 t r 201 pe u im) e li ig
àp '
t tt ç e r d a ' pr r quies pli tf t Sde
ha he i ga de s' ong e r
r
a n if o d monsr t onl t tt e pl
ta e y ha he m oyerr gar ed
e d
hi asbe ngi ie nott tt e oyerbei ve t i par e pr ven e t pl i iffom
m
i mpa r d,
ha he mpl
le d he m im nt e t d he antf r
p romigamao lf a t t' ; ro v Fr e c l Se c n co , 98F.d 2 2 2 0 31( t
e fr n
j r ie ci y' Bu tn . e s ae mio du tr 7 3 2 , 3 - 5h
vi )
Ci.2 5 ( n g rsr s o dig t e l y e e i a o tER vii a d h a tp l tt n b
r 0l ) ma a e ' e p n n o mp o e mal b u
st n e r api i s y
ao
ii daey i tu ti ) hi saf t io k a i' b c u e g r me ia is e ) wee
s mme itl' nsr c l
i
ng s tf o lo t t e a s he
d c l su s r
kmpora ''e de e t templ rgade pli ifa dia e . lya s rtl tsii d,
i tnt' vi nc ha
oyer e r d antf s s bld) l s epaaey ette
whe as whehe he c nsde e Br
n ked
t r
o i r d own' a ey whie de di whe he t fr he ,t the
s nxit
l ci ng
t r o ie r ha
2 An i vi lm e t t r quie e ofi ng r ga de asha ng s h an i r
0
ndi dua e s he e r m nt i
bei e r d
vi uc
mpaiment'i t
' f he
id vd a e tb ih st t o s eh sb e s be td t a a to p o iie u d rti c a tr
n i iu l sa ls e ha he r h a e n u jce o n cin r hb td n e h s h pe
bec us ofa a t lorpe ceve physc o m e ali panne whet r or nott i r nt
a e
n c ua
r i d
i al r nt m i nt
he
he mpaime
lmisori r i d t lmia ma r// actvi 42 U. C.j1 02( ( (mpha i a d)
i t speceve o i t jo 4e i t
r'
y
S.
21 3)A) e
ss dde .
27
t a te wh l stain i fo to gi . (la De o.1 0:6 2 ) yc odigy,s nna y
' d h oe i t n r n f hml' l s p 0 1 - 2 . t c r n l u xAr
h
u o
' y
j d me ti n ta p o raea t teds b lyp o g.
u g n s o p r p it s o h ia ii r n
t
Fi ly,FAU ar s t Br
nal
gue hat own camots w s i a quaii d e oye be us ,i i
r
ho he s
lfe mpl e ca e f t
g a e hera c moda i r ss s ii a l f a i tuc u ed wor e r
r ntd
c om
ton eque t , pec fc ly or i r t r
s
k nvionment' s woul
,' he
d
be unabl t pe f r t i s e i l f nci ' of t Coor na or poston, whi i e ry
e o r o m he i s nta u tons'
e
he
di t
ii
ch t a l
cl
r quied te biiy,i gi ton a t a lt t c
e r l xi lt ma na i nd he biiy o omm uni t wih a wi vare y ofpeo e a
cae t
de it
pl t
difrnttmesa l ai . ( 1 a 20) A iquaiid i vi 'i onewhoc pe f m
fee i
nd oc tons' DE 84 t . f lfe ndi dual's
'
an ror
t i s nta f nc i ' oft poston ç t or wihou r s bl a comm odai . Ree
he ' e i l u tons' he ii l h
es
wi
t t ea ona e c
tons'
'
d,
206 F. a 1 (mphass a
3d t 061 e
i dded) FAU ha f l t ct t e de e,or t absnce of
.
s aied o ie o vi nc
he e
e ie c ,t s p o tisa g n ta Br wn c n o p ro m te e s n ilf n to o h rj b
v d n e o u p r t r ume t h t o a n t ef r h se ta u cins f e o
wih or wihout a commodai . l ed,FAU f is t e n addr s whe he Br
t
t
c
tons nde
a l o ve
es
t r own c d
oul
pe f m t e s nta f tonswihoutac omm oda i
ror he s e il unc i
t
c
ton.
F rte er a o s F Smoin f s mma yj d me ta t Br wn' dia ii cam i
o h s e s n , AU' t or u r u g n s o o s s b ly li s
o
t
de e
ni d.
Ac r ngl i i he eb ORDERED and ADJUDGED t t
co di y, t s r y
ha
( )Def nt Fl i Ata i Uni riy, Boad of Tr tes Amende M oton f
1 enda orda lntc ve st
r
use '
d
i or
Summay J
r udgme ( 1 i GRANTED I PART and DENI I PART.
nt DE 84) s
N
ED N
The M o i n i G RANTED as t Pl ntf Cha
to s
o ai if
nda M ihaea Br
c l
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16- DM
1
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et 04/
146
June 03,2016
DEAN M OHAM MAD IYAS
L
106
BROW N - -FLORI ATL
vs
DA
ANTI UNI
C
VERSI
TY
Q.
2
Does that refresh your recollection when
you received this document that is dated January l6,
2015?
Let me say it again ,
4
see this Email came
5
on the 20th , I see the document was attached , yes , I
6
received the document , I don lt recall the exact
date .
Q.
8
9
Is there another document besides this one
that you would have received?
A.
I received one document , it may be this
One .
12
13
Q.
don 't have any others , that 's why I am
asking you , so you wou ld have received that on
January 20th , is that correct?
see the Email in front of me ; based on
15
16
that Email, yes .
Q.
Who recommended term inating Ms . Brown?
M AR SHA LL :
Fo rm .
MS . ROTBART :
20
You can answer the
THE WITNESS :
19
Who, this was a
question .
collective decision because we realized the
23
situation is really getting out of hand and based on
24
what happened in the meeting , on January 8th , after
25
the resolution that was
f'ESQU I
>'
RE
7l )
4î l i î Y Q
1
; ;
in my opinion , that was
80isEtn36
Eq1.li( 7)
0.rDu s
s2eoP 3
u1 o
.
com
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DEAN MOHAM MAD I
LYAS
June 03, 6
201
BROW N - FLO RI ATLANTI UNI
vsDA
C
VERSI
W
1
07
supposed to be a m eeting about something else
2
I
recall correctly and the meeting did not go very
well and we realized this situation is not
4
sustainable and this is more kind of disruptive
5
behavior and we needed better service to our
operations and we decided to have separation .
7
BY M S . ROTBA RT :
8
Q.
Who decided ?
9
MS MARSHALL :
am going to object
to the extent it calls for attorney/client privilege
11
communication .
12
BY M S . ROTBART :
Who decided the decision to terminate
Ms . Brown ?
15
16
A.
We sought advice on th is kind of
situation , as
mentioned , legals were involved,
human resources were involved and this was the
18
course we decided .
19
20
Q.
Did Ms
Kabat make that recommendation to
you?
M S . M ARSHALL :
22
23
ROTBART :
Form .
You can answer the
question .
24
THE WITNESS :
Well , as I mentioned,
that recommendation , it was a collective decision ,
f ESQU I E
R
qt 1 ) (
2
t
t N '
'
801.Eo(7)
0.1 P 3 6
2D 3
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