Ludwin,Esq. et al v. Proman

Filing 251

ORDER granting in part and denying in part 202 Motion to Strike 202 Defendant's MOTION to Strike Report and Preclude Testimony of Plaintiffs Expert Sameer Somal at Trial and Incorporated Memorandum of Law. Signed by Judge Rodney Smith on 1/19/2023. See attached document for full details. (agy)

Case 9:20-cv-81755-RS Document 251 Entered on FLSD Docket 01/19/2023 Page 1 of 4

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF FLORIDA
CASE NO. 20-CV-81755-RS
ADAM M. LUDWIN, ESQ.,
LUDWIN LAW GROUP, P.A.,
and JOANNA ZEITLIN,
Plaintiffs,
v.
MATTHEW B. PROMAN,
Defendant.
________________________________________/
ORDER GRANTING IN PART MOTION TO STRIKE REPORT AND
PRECLUDE TESTIMONY OF EXPERT SAMEER SOMAL
This matter is before the Court on Defendant Matthew B. Proman’s Motion to Strike Report
and Preclude Testimony of Plaintiffs’ Expert Sameer Somal at Trial [DE 202], Plaintiffs’ Opposition
[DE 207], and Defendant’s Reply [DE 212]. Defendant moves to preclude Somal’s testimony
pursuant to Federal Rule of Evidence 702 and Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509
U.S. 579 (1993). Defendant’s Motion raises multiple grounds for preclusion: (1) Somal is not
qualified to proffer expert testimony on the law or Plaintiffs’ emotional distress because his
experience is solely in digital marking and online reputation; (2) Somal did not utilize reliable
methodology for his opinion on Plaintiffs’ suggested damages award; and (3) Somal should not be
permitted to testify to the costs of a reputational repair campaign because Plaintiffs have not shown
that they are entitled to reputation repair costs as damages. For the reasons set forth below,
Defendant’s Motion will be granted in part.
Under Federal Rule of Evidence 702:
A witness who is qualified as an expert by knowledge, skill, experience, training,
or education may testify in the form of an opinion or otherwise if:
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(a) the expert’s scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge will help the
trier of fact to understand the evidence or to determine a fact in issue;
(b) the testimony is based on sufficient facts or data;
(c) the testimony is the product of reliable principles and methods; and
(d) the expert has reliably applied the principles and methods to the facts of the case.
The Eleventh Circuit has set out three requirements that an expert must meet before his opinions
may be admitted: (1) “the expert must be qualified on the matter about which he intends to testify;”
(2) “he must employ reliable methodology;” and (3) “the expert’s testimony must be able to assist
the trier of fact through the application of expertise to understand the evidence or fact in issue.”
Hughes v. Kia Motors Corp., 766 F.3d 1317, 1329 (11th Cir. 2014).
Defendant first argues that Somal should not be permitted to offer legal conclusions or
opinions because his expertise is solely in digital marking and online reputation. Plaintiffs counter
that, although Somal is not a licensed attorney, he has legal experience as a co-author of continuing
legal education seminars for attorneys on the law of defamation and associated damages. Somal’s
expert report contains numerous legal conclusions and interpretations. In one section, for example,
he discusses “Defendant’s defamatory posts” while explaining that they were “rooted in malice.”
(Somal Report [DE 202-1] at 32.) In another section, he states that the posts about Plaintiffs were
“slanderous and defamatory,” “based on intent of malice,” and that “defendant is directly
responsible.” (Id. at 84.) These opinions are not expert opinions but rather impermissible legal
conclusions derived from Somal’s own legal interpretations. Somal is not an attorney and thus not
qualified to offer legal opinions or conclusions regarding Plaintiffs’ claims.

Discussion of

“defamation per se,” “defamation,” “slanderous,” “malice,” “malicious intent,” and “causation”
cross the line from opinion to improper legal conclusions. See United States v. Long, 300 F. App’x
804, 814 (11th Cir. 2008) (“An expert may not testify as to his opinion regarding ultimate legal
conclusions.”). Accordingly, Somal may not testify as to his legal interpretation of Plaintiffs’ claims
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or his suggested legal conclusions.
Next, Defendant argues that Somal’s testimony regarding Plaintiffs’ suggested damages
award should be precluded because he did not base this opinion on reliable methodology. Plaintiffs
counter that Somal’s methodology in arriving at a suggested damages award by collecting and
analyzing past defamation cases is comparable to that employed by any licensed attorney. But, as
noted above, Somal is not a licensed attorney, and an expert may not proofer testimony on his legal
opinion or conclusions. Somal opines that Plaintiffs are entitled to an award of $12,060,000.00 in
damages based in large part on his collection and analysis of defamation-case precedents nationwide.
(Id. at 117.)

This methodology is not sufficiently reliable, in particular when employed by a non-

lawyer, and it is not generally accepted as a means to prove damages in any given defamation action.
Furthermore, testimony on this speculative damage amount would needlessly confuse rather than
assist the trier of fact in determining the proper scope of damages. Accordingly, Somal may not
testify as to a suggested damages calculation based on his collection and review of prior defamation
cases.
Finally, Defendant argues that Somal should not be permitted to testify to the costs of a
reputational repair campaign because Plaintiffs have not shown that they are entitled to reputation
repair costs as damages. Plaintiffs counter that these calculations are based on well-established
methodologies that are generally accepted in the Online Reputation Management field and that they
are entitled to recover such damages for their defamation claims. The Court will allow testimony
on the costs of a reputation repair campaign because Plaintiffs’ proffered expert is qualified to testify
on this issue, one that will assist the trier of fact in understanding potential damages for Plaintiffs’
defamation per se claims in particular. Somal’s calculations are based on methodologies and
analysis germane to the Online Reputation Management field; as such, they are sufficiently reliable
and lend themselves to scientific testing and peer review. Furthermore, the costs of a reputational
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repair campaign may assist the trier of fact in understanding potential damages associated with
Plaintiffs’ defamation per se claims, where special damages are recoverable, and Plaintiffs need not
plead actual economic damages. Campbell v. Jacksonville Kennel Club, Inc., 66 So. 2d 495, 497
(Fla. 1953). Accordingly, Somal may testify regarding his calculation of the cost of a reputational
repair campaign and, for contextual purposes, background information on the field of Online
Reputation Management and the nuances of digital reputational repair.
Accordingly, it is hereby,
ORDERED that Defendant Matthew B. Proman’s Motion to Strike Report and Preclude
Testimony of Plaintiffs’ Expert Sameer Somal at Trial [DE 202] is GRANTED in part and
DENIED in part, as set forth herein.
DONE and ORDERED in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, this 19th day of January, 2023.

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All Counsel of Record

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