Inniss et al v. Aderhold et al

Filing 62

Defenses and ANSWER to 37 Amended Complaint by Deborah Aderhold, Monica P. Fenton.(Orland, Devon) Please visit our website at http://www.gand.uscourts.gov to obtain Pretrial Instructions.

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF GEORGIA
ATLANTA DIVISION

Christopher Inniss and Shelton
Stroman; Rayshawn Chandler and
Avery Chandler; Michael Bishop
And Johnny Shane Thomas; and
Jennifer Sisson, on behalf of
Themselves and all others similarly
situated,
Plaintiffs,
v.
Deborah Aderhold et al,
Defendants.

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Civil Action Number
1:14-CV-01180-WSD

ANSWER AND DEFENSES OF DEFENDANTS ADERHOLD AND
FENTON IN THEIR OFFICIAL CAPACITIES TO PLAINTIFFS’ FIRST
AMENDED COMPLAINT
Come Now, Defendants Aderhold and Fenton in their official capacities,
through Counsel and file this, their answer and defenses to Plaintiffs’ complaint.
FIRST DEFENSE
The Complaint fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted.
SECOND DEFENSE
Defendants deny that they are the proper parties for the instant action.

THIRD DEFENSE
Plaintiffs lack standing to bring this action.

FOURTH DEFENSE
The Defendants reserve the right to raise any other defenses allowed by law
at such time as the allegations are more specifically pled or developed.
FIFTH DEFENSE
Without waiving any of the foregoing defenses, the Defendants respond to
the numbered paragraphs of the Amended Complaint as follows:

1.
Defendants admit that the named Plaintiffs bring this action pursuant to 42 U.S.C §
1983 for the claims alleged. Defendants further admit that Plaintiffs have stated
that they seek to be recognized as a class action but deny Plaintiffs have sought
such distinction. Defendants deny that they have violated Plaintiffs’ rights and that
the Court has jurisdiction to hear these claims. All remaining claims are denied.
2.
Paragraph 2 does not appear to require a response. To the extent a response is
required, Defendants admit the allegations to the extent they accurately reflect

documented historical events. To the extent the allegations stray from those
documented events they are denied.
3.
Defendants state that the plain language of the Fourteenth Amendment speaks for
itself. To the extent paragraph 3 strays from the plain language of the Fourteenth
Amendment it is denied.
4.
Paragraph 4 contains legal conclusions to which no response is required. To the
extent that a response is required, where paragraph 4 accurately references cited
case law it is admitted. Defendants otherwise deny the allegations in paragraph 4.
5.
Defendants admit that paragraph 5 states a claim for relief sought by Plaintiffs. To
the extent a further response is required, Defendants deny the allegations in
paragraph 5.
6.
Defendants admit that Inniss and Stroman are named Plaintiffs in this action.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the remaining allegations in paragraph 6 and therefore deny same.

7.
Defendants admit that Ray Chandler, Avery Chandler and Jennifer Sisson are
named Plaintiffs in this action. Defendants are without knowledge or information
sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of the remaining allegations in paragraph 7
and therefore deny same.
8.
Defendants admit that Plaintiffs allege they are pursuing this action as a class but
deny that such status has been sought or granted and deny that Plaintiffs are
entitled to such status based upon the claims as alleged.
9.
Defendants admit that the State of Georgia defines marriage as a union between
man and woman. As the remaining allegations in paragraph 9 are argumentative
they are denied as written.
10.
The allegations in paragraph 10 are denied as written.
11.
The allegations in paragraph 11 are denied.

12.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 12 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
13.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 13 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
14.
Defendants admit that children are raised by both same sex and different sex
couples. Defendants are without information or belief sufficient to form a belief as
to the truth of the remaining allegations in paragraph 14 and therefore deny same.
15.
Paragraph 15 is argumentative and contains legal conclusions to which no response
is required. To the extent a response is required Defendants note that there is a
split in the Circuits as to the constitutionality of laws similar to those in Georgia
and that the Supreme Court has recently accepted certiorari in four cases. Any
remaining allegations are denied.

16.
Defendants admit that the Court has jurisdiction over claims brought pursuant to
42 U.S.C. § 1983 but deny the Court has Jurisdiction over the claims at bar. See
Baker v. Nelson, 409 U.S. 810 (1972).
17.
Defendants admit that venue is proper in the Northern District of Georgia.
18.
Defendants admit that the Court has personal jurisdiction over Defendants in their
official capacities for actions for declaratory and injunctive relief.
19.
Defendants deny that the Court has jurisdiction to provide Plaintiffs the relief they
seek and therefore deny the allegations in paragraph 19.
20.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 20 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
21.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 21 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.

22.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 22 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
23.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 23 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
24.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 24 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
25.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 25 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.

26.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 26 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
27.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 27 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
28.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 28 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
29.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 29 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.

30.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 30 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
31.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 31 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
32.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 32 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
33.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 33 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.

34.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 34 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
35.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 35 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
36.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 36 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
37.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 37 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.

38.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 38 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
39.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 39 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
40.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 40 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
41.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 41 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.

42.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 42 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
43.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 43 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
44.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 44 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
45.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 45 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.

46.
Defendants admit that upon information and belief based upon Georgia Death
Certificate 2014GA00000826 that Pamela Drenner died in her home on March 1,
2014.
47.
Defendants deny that Jennifer Sisson is not recognized on the death certificate of
Pamela Drenner as Ms. Sisson is listed as the “Partner” to the decedent on the
death certificate. Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to
form a belief as to the truth of the remaining allegations in paragraph 47 and
therefore deny same.
48.
Defendants admit that Pamela Drenner’s death certificate notes that she was “never
married.” Defendants further admit that Jennifer Sisson is listed as the decendent’s
partner and the informant as she was the individual who provided the information
relayed to the funeral home. Defendants admit that Deborah Aderhold signed the
death certificate. Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to
form a belief as to the remaining allegations in paragraph 48 and therefore can
neither admit nor deny same.

49.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 49 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
50.
Defendants deny that Deborah Aderhold is the State Registrar but admit she was
sued in her official capacity. As she was sued in her official capacity her
successor, Donna Moore should be substituted by operation of law. Defendants
admit that Ms. Aderhold in her official capacity is a person within the meaning of
42 U.S.C. § 1983 for claims for declaratory and injunctive relief. Defendants state
that the law relating to the vital records is contained within O.C.G.A. § 31-10-1 et
seq. To the extent the allegations match the duties outlined within the statutory
scheme they are admitted otherwise they are denied. Any remaining claims in
paragraph 50 are denied.
51.
Defendants admit that Monica Fenton is sued in her official capacity as Director of
Systems Benefits—Healthcare and Pharmacy Plans for the Board of Regents for
the University System of Georgia. Defendants admit that the Board of Regents
selects providers of health insurance for the campuses within the system including
the College of Coastal Georgia. Defendants admit that the offered policies speak

for themselves. To the extent the allegations conform to the plain language of the
relevant policies they are admitted otherwise they are denied. Defendants admit
that Monica Fenton in her official capacity is a person within the meaning of 42
U.S.C. § 1983 for claims for declaratory and injunctive relief only. Any remaining
allegations in paragraph 51 are denied as written.
52.
Defendants admit that Brook Davidson is sued in her official capacity as the Clerk
of Gwinnett County Probate Court. Defendants admit that Ms. Davidson must
comply with the law. Defendants admit that Brook Davidson, in her official
capacity, is a person within the meaning of 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for claims for
declaratory and injunctive relief. Any remaining allegations in paragraph 52 are
denied as written.
53.
Defendants admit that Judge Pinkie Toomer is sued in her official capacity as
Judge of the Fulton County Probate Court. Defendants admit that Judge Toomer
must comply with the law. Defendants admit that Judge Toomer, in her official
capacity, is a person within the meaning of 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for claims for
declaratory and injunctive relief. Any remaining allegations in paragraph 53 are
denied as written.

54.
Defendants admit that they must comply with the law and their statutory duties as
prescribed by the law. Defendants admit that they performed their job duties in
compliance with the law. The remaining allegations in paragraph 54 are denied as
written.
55.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 55 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
56.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 56 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
57.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 57 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.

58.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 58 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
59.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 59 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
60.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 60 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
61
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 61 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.

62.
Defendants admit that Plaintiffs propose a class as defined but deny that class
certification has been sought or that Plaintiffs have made the proper showing
related to such certification.
63.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 63 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
64.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 64 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
65.
Defendants admit that in 1996 the Georgia legislature enacted O.C.G.A. § 19-3-3.1
and state that the law speaks for itself. To the extent that Plaintiffs’ allegations in
paragraph 65 differ from the plain language of the law they are denied.
66.
Defendants admit that in 2004 a constitutional amendment was included on the
ballot in Georgia and state that the law speaks for itself. To the extent that

Plaintiffs’ allegations in paragraph 66 differ from the plain language of the law
they are denied.
67.
The allegations in paragraph 67 are admitted.
68.
Defendants state that the law speaks for itself. To the extent that Plaintiffs’
allegations in paragraph 68 differ from the plain language of the law they are
denied.
69.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of paragraph 69 and therefore can neither admit nor deny same.
70.
To the extent that paragraph 70 calls for a legal conclusion no response is required.
As to the remaining allegations in paragraph 70, Defendants are without
knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of the matter
and therefore can neither admit nor deny same.
71.
To the extent that paragraph 71 calls for a legal conclusion no response is required.
As to the remaining allegations in paragraph 71, Defendants are without

knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of the matter
and therefore can neither admit nor deny same.
72.
Defendants deny that they have fostered or encouraged discrimination. To the
extent paragraph 72 calls for a legal conclusion no response is required. As to the
remaining allegations in paragraph 72 Defendants are without knowledge or
information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of the matter and therefore
can neither admit nor deny same.
73.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of paragraph 73 and therefore can neither admit nor deny same.
74.
The allegations in paragraph 74 are denied as written.
75.
The allegations in paragraph 75 are denied as written.
76.
The allegations in paragraph 76 are denied as written.
77.
The allegations in paragraph 77 are denied as written.

78.
The allegations in paragraph 78 are admitted.
79.
The allegations in paragraph 79 are denied as written.
80.
Defendants admit that same sex couples do raise children together, utilize
reproductive technology to procreate, adopt children and foster children. The
remaining allegations in paragraph 80 are denied as written.
81.
The allegations in paragraph 81 are denied as written.
82.
Defendants state that the holdings in the cited cases in paragraph 82 speak for
themselves. To the extent that the cited provisions vary from the holdings in the
cited cases they are denied.
83.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 83 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.

84.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 84 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
85.
Defendants admit that the State’s interest in the welfare of children parented by
same-sex couples is as great as its interest in the welfare of any other children. The
remaining allegations in paragraph 85 are denied as written.
86.
Defendants deny that plaintiffs meet the criteria for class certification or that the
allegations as made are sufficiently developed to evidence relevant criteria and
thus are denied.
87.
Defendants deny that plaintiffs meet the criteria for class certification or that the
allegations as made are sufficiently developed to evidence relevant criteria and
thus are denied.

88.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 88 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
89.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 89 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
90.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 90 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
91.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to forma a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 91 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
92.
Defendants admit that Georgia’s laws regarding marriage are uniformly applicable.
Any remaining allegations in paragraph 92 are denied as written.

93.
Defendants incorporate by reference their responses to the preceding paragraphs.
94.
Defendants admit that Plaintiffs seek relief against them in their official capacities
but deny that they are entitled to such relief.
95.
Paragraph 95 contains a statement of law thus no response is required. To the
extent that Plaintiffs’ allegations in paragraph 95 differ from the plain language of
the law they are denied.
96.
Defendants state that the law speaks for itself. To the extent that Plaintiffs’
allegations in paragraph 96 differ from the plain language of the law they are
denied.
97.
The allegations in paragraph 97 are denied.
98.
The allegations in paragraph 98 are denied.
99.
The allegations in paragraph 99 are denied.

100.
The allegations in paragraph 100 are denied.
101.
The allegations in paragraph 101 are denied.
102.
The allegations in paragraph 102 are denied.
103.
The allegations in paragraph 103 are denied.
104.
Defendants incorporate by reference their responses to the preceding paragraphs.
105.
Defendants admit that they are being sued in their official capacity for declaratory
and injunctive relief but deny plaintiffs are entitled to such relief.
106.
Paragraph 106 contains a statement of law thus no response is required. To the
extent that Plaintiffs’ allegations in paragraph 95 differ from the plain language of
the law they are denied.
107.
The allegations in paragraph 107 are denied.
108.
The allegations in paragraph 108 are denied.

109.
The allegations in paragraph 109 are denied.
110.
The allegations in paragraph 110 are denied.
111.
The allegations in paragraph 111 are denied.
112.
The allegations in paragraph 112 are denied.
113.
The allegations in paragraph 113 are denied.
114.
The allegations in paragraph 114 are denied.
115.
The allegations in paragraph 115 are denied.
116.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 116 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
117.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 117 and therefore can neither nor deny
same.

118.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 118 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
119.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 119 and therefore can neither admit nor
deny same.
120.
Defendants are without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to
the truth of the allegations in paragraph 120 and therefore neither admit nor deny
same.
121.
Defendants state that the law speaks for itself. To the extent that Plaintiffs’
allegations in paragraph 121 differ from the plain language of the law they are
denied.
122.
The allegations in paragraph 122 are denied.
123.
The allegations in paragraph 123 are denied.

124.
The allegations in paragraph 124 are denied.
125.
The allegations in paragraph 125 are denied.
126.
It appears that paragraph 126 calls for a legal conclusion and no response is
required. To the extent a response is required it is denied.
127.
The allegations in paragraph 127 are denied.
128.
It does not appear that a response is required to paragraph 128. To the extent a
response is required defendants adopt their responses to the preceding paragraphs.
129.
Defendants admit that this case presents an actual controversy but deny the
remaining allegations in paragraph 129.
130.
The allegations in paragraph 130 are denied as written.
131.
The allegations in paragraph 131 are denied.

132.
To the extent that any allegation has not been admitted, denied or otherwise
responded to it is hereby denied.
VI.
PRAYER FOR RELIEF
Defendants deny that plaintiffs are entitled to the relief requested in requests A, B,
C,D,E,F or G.
Respectfully Submitted,
SAMUEL S. OLENS
Attorney General

551540

KATHLEEN M. PACIOUS
Deputy Attorney General

558555

s/Britt Grant___________
Solicitor General

113403

/s/ Devon Orland
554301
Senior Asst. Attorney General
Counsel for Defendant Aderhold and Fenton

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE
Pursuant to Local Rule 7.1(D), I hereby certify that the foregoing has been
prepared in compliance with Local Rule 5.1(B) in 14-point New Times Roman
type face.
This the 13th of February, 2015.

/s/ Devon Orland
Sr. Assistant Attorney General

Devon Orland
Assistant Attorney General
Department of Law, State of Georgia
40 Capitol Square, S.W.
Atlanta, Georgia 30334-1300
Telephone: [phone]
Facsimile: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

I hereby certify that on this date I have electronically filed the foregoing
Answer to Amended Complaint of Defendants Aderhold and Fenton in their
official capacity using the CM/ECF system which will automatically send
electronic mail notification of such filing to counsel of record as follows:
Tara Borelli
William Custer
Jennifer Odom
Jennifer Dempsey
Luke Lantta

I hereby certify that I have mailed by United States Postal Service the
document to the following non-CM/ECF participants: NONE
Done this 13th Day of February, 2015.
s/Devon Orland

40 Capitol Square, S.W.
Atlanta, Georgia 30334-1300
Telephone: [phone]
Facsimile: [phone]