Li v. Gartland

Filing 4

REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS of the Magistrate Judge that the Court DISMISS this action without prejudice and DIRECT the Clerk to enter the appropriate judgment of dismissal and to CLOSE this case re 1 Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus. It is furth er RECOMMENDED that the Court DENY Petitioner leave to proceed in forma pauperis on appeal. Any party seeking to object to this Report and Recommendation is ORDERED to file specific written objections within fourteen (14) days of the date on which th is Report and Recommendation is entered. (Objections to R&R due by 11/8/2017). ORDER directing service of the REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION of the Magistrate Judge. The Court STAYS the deadline for Respondent to show cause as to why the Court should not grant Petitioner's writ set forth in the Court's 10/6/17 Order. Signed by Magistrate Judge R. Stan Baker on 10/25/2017. (ca) Modified on 10/25/2017 (ca).

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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF GEORGIA WAYCROSS DIVISION YANG JIE LI, Petitioner, CIVIL ACTION NO.: 5:17-cv-121 v. PATRICK GARLAND, Respondent. ORDER and MAGISTRATE JUDGE’S REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION This matter comes before the Court on Petitioner’s failure to comply with the Court’s Order to keep the Court apprised of any change in his address. (Doc. 2, p. 2.) For the following reasons, I RECOMMEND that the Court DISMISS Petitioner’s Petition, (doc. 1), without prejudice for Petitioner’s failure to prosecute and failure to follow this Court’s Order. I further RECOMMEND that Petitioner be denied leave to appeal in forma pauperis. Moreover, the Court STAYS the deadline for Respondent to show cause as to why the Court should not grant Petitioner’s writ set forth in the Court’s October 6, 2017 Order, (doc. 2). Given that the Petition is due to be dismissed for Petitioner’s non-compliance, the Respondent need not file any response to the Petition. BACKGROUND On September 15, 2017, Petitioner, then a detainee at Folkston ICE Processing Center in Folkston Georgia filed a pro se Petition pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241. (Doc. 1.) The record reflects that Petitioner paid the $5.00 filing fee. On October 6, 2017, the Court Ordered the United States Marshal to serve Respondent Patrick Garland with a copy of the Petition and to show cause as to why the Court should not grant Petitioner the relief he seeks in his Petition. (Doc. 2.) In that Order, the Court cautioned Petitioner “that while this action is pending, Petitioner shall immediately inform this Court in writing of any change of address. Failure to do so will result in dismissal of this case.” (Id. at p. 2.) On October 13, 2017, the copy of the Order that the Clerk of Court sent to Petitioner was returned as undeliverable, because Petitioner is no longer at the ICE Processing Center in Folkston. (Doc. 3.) Petitioner has not notified the Court of his change of address or made any effort to inform the Court of his whereabouts. DISCUSSION The Court must now determine how to address Petitioner’s failure to comply with the Court’s directive to keep the court apprised of any changes in his address and his failure to diligently prosecute this case. For the reasons set forth below, I recommend that the Petitioner be dismissed and that Petitioner be denied leave to appeal in forma pauperis. I. Dismissal for Failure to Prosecute and Failure to Follow a Court Order. A district court may dismiss a Petitioner’s claims sua sponte pursuant to either Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(b) (“Rule 41(b)”) or the court’s inherent authority to manage its docket. 1 Link v. Wabash Railroad Company, 370 U.S. 626 (1962); 2 Coleman v. St. Lucie Cty. 1 Pursuant to Rule 12 of the Rules Governing Section 2254 Cases, the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure may apply to a Petitioner’s habeas Petition to the extent the Civil Rules are not inconsistent with the Section 2254 Rules. Further, pursuant to Rule 1(b) of the 2254 Rules, the 2254 Rules may be applied to Section 2241 Petitions. 2 In Wabash, the Court held that a trial court may dismiss an action for failure to prosecute “even without affording notice of its intention to do so.” 370 U.S. at 633. However, here, the Court attempted to apprise Petitioner that his failure to update the court of a change in his address would result in dismissal of his Petition. Though Petitioner did not receive that Order from the Court, the form he used to file his Petition included this instruction and warning. (Doc. 1, p. 1.) 2 Jail, 433 F. App’x 716, 718 (11th Cir. 2011) (citing Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) and Betty K Agencies, Ltd. v. M/V MONADA, 432 F.3d 1333, 1337 (11th Cir. 2005)). In particular, Rule 41(b) allows for the involuntary dismissal of a petitioner’s claims where he has failed to prosecute those claims, comply with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure or local rules, or follow a court order. Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b); see also Coleman, 433 F. App’x at 718; Sanders v. Barrett, No. 05-12660, 2005 WL 2640979, at *1 (11th Cir. Oct. 17, 2005) (citing Kilgo v. Ricks, 983 F.2d 189, 192 (11th Cir. 1993)); cf. Local R. 41.1(b) (“[T]he assigned Judge may, after notice to counsel of record, sua sponte . . . dismiss any action for want of prosecution, with or without prejudice[,] . . . [based on] willful disobedience or neglect of any order of the Court.” (emphasis omitted)). Additionally, a district court’s “power to dismiss is an inherent aspect of its authority to enforce its orders and ensure prompt disposition of lawsuits.” Brown v. Tallahasse Police Dep’t, 205 F. App’x 802, 802 (11th Cir. 2006) (quoting Jones v. Graham, 709 F.2d 1457, 1458 (11th Cir. 1983)). It is true that dismissal with prejudice for failure to prosecute is a “sanction . . . to be utilized only in extreme situations” and requires that a court “(1) conclud[e] a clear record of delay or willful contempt exists; and (2) mak[e] an implicit or explicit finding that lesser sanctions would not suffice.” Thomas v. Montgomery Cty. Bd. of Educ., 170 F. App’x 623, 625–26 (11th Cir. 2006) (quoting Morewitz v. West of Eng. Ship Owners Mut. Prot. & Indem. Ass’n (Lux.), 62 F.3d 1356, 1366 (11th Cir. 1995)); see also Taylor v. Spaziano, 251 F. App’x 616, 619 (11th Cir. 2007) (citing Morewitz, 62 F.3d at 1366). By contrast, dismissal without prejudice for failure to prosecute is not an adjudication on the merits, and, therefore, courts are 3 afforded greater discretion in dismissing claims in this manner. Taylor, 251 F. App’x at 619; see also Coleman, 433 F. App’x at 719; Brown, 205 F. App’x at 802–03. While the Court exercises its discretion to dismiss cases with caution, dismissal of this action without prejudice is warranted. See Coleman, 433 F. App’x at 719 (upholding dismissal without prejudice for failure to prosecute Section 1983 complaint, where Petitioner did not respond to court order to supply defendant’s current address for purpose of service); Taylor, 251 F. App’x at 620–21 (upholding dismissal without prejudice for failure to prosecute, because Petitioners insisted on going forward with a deficient amended complaint rather than complying, or seeking an extension of time to comply, with court’s order to file a second amended complaint); Brown, 205 F. App’x at 802–03 (upholding dismissal without prejudice for failure to prosecute Section 1983 claims, where Petitioner failed to follow a court order to file an amended complaint and the court had informed Petitioner that noncompliance could lead to dismissal). With Petitioner having failed to update the Court with his current address, the Court has no means by which it can communicate with Petitioner. Thus, the Court is unable to move forward with this case. Moreover, Petitioner was given ample time to follow the Court’s directive, and Petitioner has not made any effort to do so. Thus, the Court should DISMISS without prejudice Petitioner’s Section 2241 Petition. II. Leave to Appeal in Forma Pauperis. The Court should also DENY Petitioner leave to appeal in forma pauperis. Though Petitioner has, of course, not yet filed a notice of appeal, it is proper to address these issues in the Court’s order of dismissal. Fed. R. App. P. 24(a)(3) (trial court may certify that appeal of party 4 proceeding in forma pauperis is not taken in good faith “before or after the notice of appeal is filed”). An appeal cannot be taken in forma pauperis if the trial court certifies that the appeal is not taken in good faith. 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(3); Fed. R. App. P. 24(a)(3). Good faith in this context must be judged by an objective standard. Busch v. Cty. of Volusia, 189 F.R.D. 687, 691 (M.D. Fla. 1999). A party does not proceed in good faith when he seeks to advance a frivolous claim or argument. See Coppedge v. United States, 369 U.S. 438, 445 (1962). A claim or argument is frivolous when it appears the factual allegations are clearly baseless or the legal theories are indisputably meritless. Neitzke v. Williams, 490 U.S. 319, 327 (1989); Carroll v. Gross, 984 F.2d 392, 393 (11th Cir. 1993). Stated another way, an in forma pauperis action is frivolous and, thus, not brought in good faith, if it is “without arguable merit either in law or fact.” Napier v. Preslicka, 314 F.3d 528, 531 (11th Cir. 2002); see also Brown v. United States, Nos. 407CV085, 403CR001, 2009 WL 307872, at *1–2 (S.D. Ga. Feb. 9, 2009). Based on the above analysis of Petitioner’s action, there are no non-frivolous issues to raise on appeal, and an appeal would not be taken in good faith. Thus, the Court should DENY Petitioner in forma pauperis status on appeal. CONCLUSION For the above-stated reasons, I RECOMMEND that the Court DISMISS this action without prejudice and DIRECT the Clerk of Court to enter the appropriate judgment of dismissal and to CLOSE this case. I further RECOMMEND that the Court DENY Petitioner leave to proceed in forma pauperis on appeal. 5 Any party seeking to object to this Report and Recommendation is ORDERED to file specific written objections within fourteen (14) days of the date on which this Report and Recommendation is entered. Any objections asserting that the undersigned failed to address any contention raised in the pleading must also be included. Failure to do so will bar any later challenge or review of the factual findings or legal conclusions herein. § 636(b)(1)(C); Thomas v. Arn, 474 U.S. 140 (1985). See 28 U.S.C. Objections to a Report and Recommendation are not the proper vehicle to raise issues and arguments not previously brought before the Court. A copy of the objections must be served upon all other parties to the action. Upon receipt of objections meeting the specificity requirement set out above, a United States District Judge will make a de novo determination of those portions of the report, proposed findings, or recommendation to which objection is made and may accept, reject, or modify, in whole or in part, the findings or recommendations made herein. Objections not meeting the specificity requirement set out above will not be considered by the District Judge. SO REPORTED and RECOMMENDED, this 25th day of October, 2017. R. STAN BAKER UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF GEORGIA 6

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