Sloat et al v. Stevenson et al
Filing
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BORIBOUNE ORDER. On or before October 28, 2020, Plaintiffs Hodge, Longden, and Tate shall each advise the Court in writing whether he wishes to continue as a Plaintiff in this group action. By the same deadline, each Plaintiff must submit a separate signed and properly completed Motion for Leave to Proceed in forma pauperis. Plaintiffs Sloat and Hodge have already submitted an IFP Motion, but Plaintiffs Longden and Tate still must do so. The Clerk's Office is DIRECTED to DOCKET Document 2 as a separate Motion for Leave to Proceed in forma pauperis filed by Corey T. Hodge and PROVIDE a blank IFP Motion to Plaintiffs Longden and Tate for completion and filing by October 28, 2020. This deadline supersedes any prior deadline ordered by this Court. Signed by Judge J. Phil Gilbert on 10/14/2020. (jsy)
Case 3:20-cv-01067-JPG Document 6 Filed 10/14/20 Page 1 of 6 Page ID #23
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS
ANDREW S. SLOAT, #20061684,
COREY T. HODGE, #20061636,
GEOFFREY S. LONGDEN, #20061697,
and DENNIS S. TATE, #19060184,
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Plaintiffs,
vs.
RICH STEVENSON,
KENNY BENZING,
ALLISON ALEXANDER,
COOK JANE DOE 1,
NURSE JANE DOE 2,
and DR. JOHN DOE 2,
Defendants.
Case No. 20-cv-01067-JPG
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
GILBERT, District Judge:
This matter is before the Court for case management. The Complaint was filed by four
inmates at Marion County Law Enforcement Center located in Salem, Illinois. (Doc. 1). Together,
Plaintiffs filed this action pro se pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 to address constitutional
deprivations that resulted from their exposure to COVID-19 at the Jail. (Id. at 8-9). They seek
money damages and injunctive relief. (Id. at 10).
Plaintiffs signed and filed a single Complaint (Doc. 1), and Plaintiffs Andrew Sloat and
Corey Hodge signed and filed a Motion for Leave to Proceed in forma pauperis (“IFP motion”)
(Doc. 2). Before Plaintiffs proceed together in this lawsuit, the Court deems it necessary to address
several preliminary matters. The Court will nevertheless screen the Complaint pursuant to
28 U.S.C. § 1915A due to the potentially urgent issues raised.
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Case 3:20-cv-01067-JPG Document 6 Filed 10/14/20 Page 2 of 6 Page ID #24
Group Litigation by Multiple Prisoners
Plaintiffs may bring their claims jointly in a single lawsuit if they so desire. However, the
Court must admonish them as to the consequences of proceeding in this manner including their
filing fee obligations, and give them the opportunity to withdraw from the case or sever their claims
into individual actions.
In Boriboune v. Berge, 391 F.3d 852 (7th Cir. 2004), the court addressed the difficulties in
administering group prisoner complaints. District courts are required to accept joint complaints
filed by multiple prisoners if the criteria of permissive joinder under Federal Rule of Civil
Procedure 20 are satisfied. Rule 20 permits plaintiffs to join together in one lawsuit if they assert
claims “arising out of the same transaction, occurrence, or series of transactions or occurrences
and if any question of law or fact common to these persons will arise in the action.” Nonetheless,
a district court may turn to other civil rules to manage a multi-plaintiff case. If appropriate, claims
may be severed pursuant to Rule 20(b), pretrial orders may be issued providing for a logical
sequence of decision pursuant to Rule 16, parties improperly joined may be dropped pursuant to
Rule 21, and separate trials may be ordered pursuant to Rule 42(b). Boriboune, 391 F.3d at 854.
In reconciling the Prisoner Litigation Reform Act with Rule 20, the Seventh Circuit
determined that joint litigation does not relieve any prisoner of the duties imposed upon him under
the Act, including the duty to pay the full amount of the filing fees, either in installments or in full
if the circumstances require it. Id. This means that each prisoner in a joint action is required to
pay a full civil filing fee, just as if he had filed the suit individually, or seek leave to pay the fee in
installments by filing his own IFP motion along with a certified copy of his trust fund account
statement for the six-month period preceding the filing of this action.
The Circuit noted that there are at least two other reasons a prisoner may wish to avoid
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group litigation. First, group litigation creates countervailing costs. Each submission to the Court
must be served on every other plaintiff and the opposing parties pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil
Procedure 5. This means that if there are four plaintiffs, the plaintiffs’ postage and copying costs
of filing motions, briefs, or other papers in the case will be four times greater than if there was a
single plaintiff.
Second, a prisoner litigating on his own behalf takes the risk that “one or more of his claims
may be deemed sanctionable under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 11.” Boriboune, 391 F.3d at
854-55. According to the Circuit, a prisoner litigating jointly assumes those risks for all of the
claims in the group complaint, whether or not they concern him personally. Furthermore, if the
Court finds that the complaint contains unrelated claims against unrelated defendants, those
unrelated claims may be severed into one or more new cases. If that severance of claims occurs,
each Plaintiff will be liable for another full filing fee for each new case. Plaintiffs may wish to
take into account this ruling in determining whether to assume the risks of group litigation in the
federal courts of the Seventh Circuit.
Because not every prisoner is likely to be aware of the potential negative consequences of
joining group litigation in federal courts, the Circuit suggested in Boriboune that district courts
alert prisoners to the individual payment requirement, as well as the other risks prisoner pro se
litigants face in joint pro se litigation, and “give them an opportunity to drop out.” Id. at 856.
Therefore, in keeping with this suggestion, the Court offers all Plaintiffs, other than Plaintiff Sloat
whom it designates as the “lead” Plaintiff in this case, an opportunity to withdraw from this
litigation before the case proceeds further. Plaintiffs Hodge, Longden, and Tate may wish to take
into consideration the following points in making his decision:
•
Each plaintiff will be held legally responsible for knowing precisely
what is being filed in the case on his behalf.
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•
Each plaintiff will be subject to sanctions under Federal Rule of
Civil Procedure 11 if such sanctions are found warranted in any
aspect of the case.
•
Each plaintiff will incur a strike if the action is dismissed as
frivolous or malicious or for failure to state a claim upon which
relief may be granted.
•
In screening the complaint, the Court will consider whether
unrelated claims should be severed and, if it decides severance is
appropriate, each plaintiff will be required to prosecute his claims in
a separate action and pay a separate filing fee for each new action.
•
Whether the action is dismissed, severed, or allowed to proceed as a
group complaint, each plaintiff will be required to pay a full filing
fee, either in installments or in full, depending on whether he
qualifies for indigent status under §§ 1915(b) or (g).1
In addition, if Plaintiffs desire to continue this litigation as a group, any proposed amended
complaint, motion, or other document filed on behalf of multiple Plaintiffs must be signed by each
of the Plaintiffs. As long as the Plaintiffs appear without counsel in this action, each Plaintiff must
sign documents for himself. See Lewis v. Lenc-Smith Mfg. Co., 784 F.2d 829, 831 (7th Cir. 1986);
FED. R. CIV. P. 11.2 A non-attorney cannot file or sign papers for another litigant. Plaintiffs are
WARNED that future group motions or pleadings that do not comply with this requirement shall
be stricken pursuant to Rule 11(a).
1
Effective May 1, 2013, the filing fee for a civil case was increased to $400.00, by the addition of a new
$50.00 administrative fee for filing a civil action, suit, or proceeding in a district court. See Judicial
Conference Schedule of Fees - District Court Miscellaneous Fee Schedule, 28 U.S.C. § 1914, No. 14.
A litigant who is granted IFP status, however, is exempt from paying the new $50.00 fee and must pay a
total fee of $350.00.
2
Rule 11 states, in pertinent part: “Every pleading, written motion, and other paper must be signed . . . by
a party personally if the party is unrepresented.” FED. R. CIV. P. 11(a). Moreover, a prisoner bringing a
pro se action cannot represent a class of plaintiffs. See Oxendine v. Williams, 509 F.2d 1405, 1407 (4th Cir.
1975) (holding it would be plain error to permit imprisoned pro se litigant to represent his fellow inmates
in a class action).
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Disposition
IT IS ORDERED that Plaintiffs Hodge, Longden, and Tate shall each advise the Court in
writing on or before October 28, 2020, whether he wishes to continue as a Plaintiff in this group
action. If, by that deadline, any plaintiff advises the Court that he does not wish to participate in
the action, he will be dismissed from the lawsuit and will not be charged a filing fee for this action.3
This is the only way to avoid the obligation to pay a filing fee for this action.
IT IS ORDERED that if Plaintiff Hodge, Longden, or Tate wants to pursue his claims
individually in a separate lawsuit, he shall so advise the Court in writing, and his claims shall be
severed into a new action where a filing fee will be assessed.
IT IS ORDERED that each Plaintiff must submit separate signed and properly completed
Motions for Leave to Proceed in forma pauperis on or before October 28, 2020. Plaintiffs Sloat
and Hodge have already submitted an IFP Motion, but Plaintiffs Longden and Tate still must do
so. The Clerk’s Office is DIRECTED to docket Document 2 as an additional, separate
Motion for Leave to Proceed in forma pauperis filed by Corey T. Hodge. In addition, each
Plaintiff must have the Trust Fund Officer at his facility complete the attached certification and
provide a copy of his trust fund account statement (or institutional equivalent) for the period
4/1/2020 to 10/9/2020. This information should be mailed to the Clerk of Court at the following
address: United States District Court – Southern District of Illinois, 750 Missouri Avenue, East
St. Louis, Illinois 62201. The Clerk is DIRECTED to provide each of the named Plaintiffs with
a blank form IFP Motion and trust fund account certification form. Failure to submit a properly
completed IFP Motion does not relieve that Plaintiff of the obligation to pay the $400.00 filing
3
As the lead Plaintiff, Sloat may choose to voluntarily dismiss or sever his claims, but he may not escape
his obligation to pay the filing fee for this action, which was incurred when the action was filed. See
28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1); Lucien v. Jockisch, 133 F.3d 464, 467-68 (7th Cir. 1998).
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fee, unless he also submits timely written notice that he does not intend to proceed with the action.
Any Plaintiff who simply does not respond to this Order on or before October 28, 2020, will
be obligated to pay the full filing fee and will also be dismissed from this action for want of
prosecution and/or for failure to comply with a court order under Federal Rule of Civil
Procedure 41(b).
In addition, Plaintiffs are again WARNED that future group motions or pleadings that do
not comply with the group pleading requirements discussed herein shall be stricken pursuant to
Rule 11(a).
Plaintiffs are further ADVISED that each of them is under a continuing obligation to keep
the Clerk of Court and each opposing party informed of any change in his address; the Court will
not independently investigate a Plaintiff’s whereabouts. This shall be done in writing and not later
than 7 days after a transfer or other change in address occurs. Failure to comply with this order
will cause a delay in the transmission of court documents and may result in dismissal of this action
for want of prosecution. See FED. R. CIV. P. 41(b).
IT IS SO ORDERED.
DATED: 10/14/2020
s/J. Phil Gilbert
J. PHIL GILBERT
United States District Judge
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