Taylor v. State of Indiana et al

Filing 10

OPINION AND ORDER DIRECTING Clerk to place this cause number on a blank Prisoner Complaint 42 USC § 1983 form and send it to Pla; GRANTING Pla until 3/13/2015 to file an Amended Complaint; CAUTIONING Pla that if he does not respond by the ddl, this case will be dismissed as outlined. Signed by Judge Theresa L Springmann on 1/30/2015. (cc: Pla w/form) (lns)

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
NORTHERN DISTRICT OF INDIANA
FORT WAYNE DIVISION
DEANTE! TAYLOR,
Plaintiff,
v.
STATE OF INDIANA, et al.
Defendants.

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Cause No. 1:14-CV-372-TLS

OPINION AND ORDER
Deante! Taylor, a plaintiff proceeding pro se, filed a Complaint Under 42 U.S.C. § 1983.
Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915A, the court must review a prisoner complaint and dismiss it if the
action is frivolous or malicious, fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted, or seeks
monetary relief against a defendant who is immune from such relief. Courts apply the same
standard under § 1915A as when addressing a motion to dismiss under Federal Rule of Civil
Procedure 12(b)(6). Lagerstrom v. Kingston, 463 F.3d 621, 624 (7th Cir. 2006). Under federal
pleading standards,
a complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to state a
claim to relief that is plausible on its face. A claim has facial plausibility when the
plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the court to draw the reasonable
inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged.
Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 672 (2009) (quotation marks and internal citations omitted).
Furthermore, “[t]hreadbare recitals of the elements of the cause of action, supported by mere
conclusory statements, do not suffice.” Id. at 678. To survive dismissal, the plaintiff “must do
better than putting a few words on paper that, in the hands of an imaginative reader,
might suggest that something has happened to her that might be redressed by the law.” Swanson
v. Citibank, N.A., 614 F.3d 400, 403 (7th Cir. 2010) (emphasis in original).

Here, Taylor first asserts that the State of Indiana violated his right to a speedy trial in an
underlying state criminal case. He complains that he requested a speedy trial and his trial was
scheduled to begin on January 15, 2014. However, the State of Indiana sought and received a
continuance until March 18, 2014. Then, the State of Indiana failed to attend the scheduled
March 18, 2014, trial date, causing further delay. Based on this delay, Taylor seeks $20,000,000
and a “clean criminal record.” (Compl. 3, ECF No. 1.) Such a claim for money damages cannot
be maintained against the State of Indiana, as it is entitled to Eleventh Amendment immunity
from a damages suit. Kashani v. Purdue Univ., 813 F.2d. 843, 845 (7th Cir. 1987). Moreover,
to the extent Taylor is attempting to have his conviction invalidated or otherwise obtain release
from prison, he must pursue such relief in a habeas proceeding under 28 U.S.C. § 2254, subject
to the requirements of the Anti-Terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (AEDPA).
See 28 U.S.C. § 2254; Preiser v. Rodriguez, 411 U.S. 475, 488 (1973) (habeas corpus is the
exclusive remedy for a state prisoner who challenges the fact or duration of his confinement).
Therefore, the State of Indiana cannot be maintained as a defendant and must be dismissed
without prejudice from this case.
Taylor next brings a claim against Allen County for unlawfully incarcerating him in the
Allen County Jail. However, Allen County is not a proper defendant for such a claim. In Indiana,
the administration of a county jail falls to the county sheriff and “county sheriffs occupy a
constitutionally-created office that is separate from the county executive.” Waldrip v. Waldrip,
976 N.E.2d 102, 119 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012) (citation omitted). As a result, any claim of unlawful
imprisonment at the Allen County Jail could only be stated against the Allen County Sheriff. Id.
(citation omitted). Moreover, even if Taylor could name a proper defendant in connection with

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this claim it would be barred by Heck v. Humphrey, 512 U.S. 477, 486–87 (1994), because it
rests on a presumption that the charges against him are invalid. Taylor cannot purse a claim for
damages for unlawful incarceration unless and until the state criminal charges are terminated in
his favor. Heck, 512 U.S. at 486–87. Therefore, Allen County is not a proper defendant and must
be dismissed without prejudice from this case.
Finally, Taylor brings suit against the Allen County Jail notary for restricting his access
to the courts. Taylor alleges that the notary did not allow him to receive legal materials1, which
precluded him from “filing Superior Court complaint forms [and] to get consent for suit.”
(Compl. 2.) Inmates have a First Amendment right to access the courts. Bounds v. Smith, 430
U.S. 817, 821 (1977). But “only if the defendant’s conduct prejudices a potentially meritorious
challenge to the prisoner’s conviction, sentence, or conditions of confinement has this right been
infringed.” Marshall v. Knight, 445 F.3d 965, 968 (7th Cir. 2006); see also In re Maxy, 674 F.3d
658, 661 (7th Cir. 2012) (“Relief for the denial of access to the courts is intended to remedy
rights denied in a separate case due to the impediment. . . . [T]he right is ancillary to the
underlying claim, without which a plaintiff cannot have suffered injury by being shut out of
court.”) (internal citation omitted).
Here, the Complaint lacks sufficient facts to adequately plead that Taylor has been denied
meaningful access to the courts. Taylor has not identified what documents he tried to obtain from
the law library. Nor has Taylor identified what type of lawsuit he was attempting to pursue.

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Although inmates have a First Amendment right of access to the courts, there is no “abstract
free-standing right to a law library or legal assistance.” Lewis v. Casey, 518 U.S. 343, 351 (1996). In other
words, “the mere denial of access to a prison law library or to other legal materials is not itself a violation
of a prisoner’s rights; his right is to access the courts.” Marshall v. Knight, 445 F.3d 965, 968 (7th Cir.
2006).

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Taylor has also not described how the notary interfered with his efforts to obtain documents or
access the courts. Lastly, Taylor does not explain whether the notary’s actions barred him from
ever filing his desired suit or merely delayed his ability to file suit. Because this Complaint is
vague, Taylor will be granted leave to file an amended complaint. See Luevano v. Wal-Mart, 722
F.3d 1014 (7th Cir. 2013). In his amended complaint, Taylor needs to sets forth his claim against
the Allen County notary in sufficient detail and address the deficiencies raised in this order. In
the amended complaint, he should explain in his own words what happened, when it happened,
where it happened, and who was involved. He may attach any documentation he has in his
possession or can obtain related to his claims.
For these reasons, the Court:
(1) DIRECTS the Clerk to place this cause number on a blank Prisoner Complaint 42
U.S.C. § 1983 form and send it to the Plaintiff;
(2) GRANTS the Plaintiff until March 13, 2015, to file an amended complaint; and
(3) CAUTIONS the Plaintiff that if he does not respond by the deadline, this case will be
dismissed pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915A because the current complaint does not state a claim
for which relief can be granted.
SO ORDERED on January 30, 2015.
s/ Theresa L. Springmann
THERESA L. SPRINGMANN
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

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