Dennie v. Commissioner of Social Security
Filing
37
OPINION AND ORDER: GRANTING 34 Plaintiff's MOTION for Attorney Fees under the EAJA filed by Michelle L Dennie and 36 Reply to Response to Motion; and ORDERING that Plaintiff is awarded attorney fees in the total amount of $6,564.00 in fees pursuant to the EAJA, 28 U.S.C. § 2412. Signed by Magistrate Judge John E Martin on 6/28/2016. (lhc)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
NORTHERN DISTRICT OF INDIANA
HAMMOND DIVISION
MICHELLE L. DENNIE,
Plaintiff,
v.
CAROLYN W. COLVIN,
Acting Commissioner of Social Security,
Defendant.
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CAUSE NO.: 2:14-CV-142-JEM
OPINION AND ORDER
This matter is before the Court on a Plaintiff’s Motion for Attorney’s Fees Under the Equal
Access to Justice Act [DE 34], filed by Plaintiff on November 18, 2015.
I.
Procedural Background
On April 25, 2014, Plaintiff filed a Complaint with this Court seeking review of the
Commissioner’s decision denying her claim for disability insurance and supplemental security
income benefits. On April 3, 2015, Plaintiff filed an opening brief outlining her arguments for
remand, including arguments that the Appeals Council erred in failing to review the ALJ’s decision
in light of new and material evidence submitted to the Appeals Council.
On August 21, 2015, the Court issued an Opinion and Order remanding this matter for further
proceedings and judgment thereon was entered. The Court granted remand because the Appeals
Council unreasonably failed to properly evaluate new and material evidence. Under Rule 4(a)(1)(B)
of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure, the parties had 60 days in which to file an appeal.
Neither party filed an appeal.
On November 18, 2015, Plaintiff filed the instant Motion for Attorney’s Fees under the Equal
Access to Justice Act (“EAJA”). The Commissioner filed a response on November 30, 2015, and
on December 9, 2015, Plaintiff field a reply, including a supplemental request for fees incurred in
drafting the reply.
II.
Analysis
The Equal Access to Justice Act provides that a court shall award attorney fees to a
“prevailing party” in a civil action against the United States that is submitted within thirty days of
final judgment “unless the court finds that the position of the United States was substantially
justified or that special circumstances make an award unjust.” 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1); see United
States v. Hallmark Const. Co., 200 F.3d 1076, 1078-79 (7th Cir. 2000) (setting forth the elements
of § 2412(d)(1)). Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(B), a fee application must be filed within thirty
days of a court’s final judgment and must satisfy the following requirements: (1) a showing that the
applicant is a “prevailing party;” (2) a showing that the applicant is “eligible to receive an award;”
(3) a showing of “the amount sought, including an itemized statement from any attorney or expert
witness representing or appearing on behalf of the party stating the actual time expended and the rate
at which fees and other expenses were computed;” and (4) an “alleg[ation] that the position of the
[Commissioner] was not substantially justified.” 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(B); see also Scarborough
v. Principi, 541 U.S. 401, 405 (2004) ; United States v. Hallmark Constr. Co., 200 F.3d 1076, 107879 (7th Cir. 2000).
In this case, the parties agree that the only relevant factor for the awarding of attorney fees
is whether the Commissioner’s position was substantially justified. The Commissioner argues that
the EAJA motion should be denied because Plaintiff made several other arguments on which the
Court did not remand. Plaintiff argues that the Commissioner’s position was not substantially
justified.
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The standard of “substantially justified” is satisfied if there is a genuine dispute or if
reasonable people could differ as to the appropriateness of the contested action. Pierce v.
Underwood, 487 U.S. 552, 565 (1988). The Seventh Circuit has set forth a three-part standard for
reviewing EAJA petitions. Hallmark, 200 F.3d at 1080. “It requires the government to show that its
position was grounded in: (1) a reasonable basis in truth for the facts alleged; (2) a reasonable basis
in law for the theory propounded; and (3) a reasonable connection between the facts alleged and the
legal theory propounded.” Golembiewski v. Barnhart, 382 F.3d 721, 724 (7th Cir. 2004). The
Government bears the burden of proof that both the ALJ’s decision and the Commissioner’s defense
of it were substantially justified. Stewart v. Astrue, 561 F.3d 679, 686 (7th Cir. 2009). A position
taken by the Commissioner is substantially justified if “a reasonable person could conclude that the
ALJ’s opinion and the Commissioner’s defense of the opinion had a rational basis in fact and law.”
Bassett v. Astrue, 641 F.3d 857, 859 (7th Cir. 2011). The Commissioner may also lack substantial
justification where the ALJ’s decision contravenes clear and established judicial precedent or
violates agency regulations. See Stewart, 561 F.3d at 684. “While the parties’ postures on individual
matters may be more or less justified, the EAJA - like other fee-shifting statutes - favors treating a
case as an inclusive whole, rather than as atomized line items.” Commissioner, INS v. Jean, 496 U.S.
154, 161 (1990).
The statute defines “position of the United States” as “the position taken by the United States
in the civil action” as well as “the action or failure to act by the agency upon which the civil action
is based.”
28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(2)(D).
The Court therefore must consider whether the
Commissioner’s litigation position as well as its pre-litigation conduct is substantially justified.
Golembiewski, 382 F.3d at 724; Marcus v. Shalala, 17 F.3d 1033, 1036 (7th Cir. 1994).
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Plaintiff argues that the Commissioner has not met her burden of proving that the prelitigation position was substantially justified. In particular, Plaintiff argues that the Appeals
Council’s failure to consider material evidence was contrary to clear precedent from the Seventh
Circuit Court of Appeals and therefore could not be substantially justified. The Commissioner
argues that because Plaintiff made several other arguments that the Court did not use as the basis for
remand, the Agency’s position was substantially justified. That some of the Commissioner’s other
arguments may not have been contrary to precedent or have had justification is of no matter: the
Commissioner’s pre-litigation conduct in failing to consider material evidence was contrary to
clearly established precedent and therefore not substantially justified, making attorney fees
appropriate. See Stewart v. Astrue, 561 F.3d 679, 685 (7th Cir. 2009); see also Bailey v. Barnhart,
473 F. Supp. 2d 842, 846 (N.D. Ill. 2006) (“[W]e agree with other courts that have rejected the
notion that a plaintiff must prevail on all, or even a majority, of her arguments in order to be awarded
fees under the EAJA.”).
III.
Conclusion
For the foregoing reasons, the Court hereby GRANTS Plaintiff’s Motion for Attorney’s Fees
Under the Equal Access to Justice Act [DE 34] and the supplemental fee request in her reply [DE
36] and ORDERS that Plaintiff is awarded attorney fees in the total amount of $6,564.00 in fees
pursuant to the Equal Access to Justice Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2412. The award shall fully and completely
satisfy any and all claims for fees, costs, and/or expenses that may have been payable to Plaintiff in
this matter pursuant to the Equal Access to Justice Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d).
Any fees paid belong to Plaintiff and not her attorney and can be offset to satisfy a
pre-existing debt that Plaintiff owes the United States. Astrue v. Ratliff, 560 U.S. 586 (2010). If the
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Commissioner can verify that Plaintiff does not owe any pre-existing debt subject to the offset, the
Commissioner will direct that the award be made payable to Plaintiff's attorney pursuant to the EAJA
assignment duly signed by Plaintiff and her attorney.
SO ORDERED this 28th day of June, 2016.
s/ John E. Martin
MAGISTRATE JUDGE JOHN E. MARTIN
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
cc:
All counsel of record
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