BATES et al v. ATLANTIC TRANSPORTATION INC. et al
Filing
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ENTRY AND ORDER - Plaintiff's Motion for Entry of Default Judgment (ECF No. 20) and Plaintiffs' Motion in Support of Plaintiffs' Claimed Damages (ECF No. 26) are denied. The denial is without prejudice to filing a properly supported motion for default judgment. Signed by Judge James R. Sweeney II on 1/8/2021. (JDC)
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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF INDIANA
INDIANAPOLIS DIVISION
DAVID BATES, et al.,
Plaintiffs,
v.
ATLANTIC TRANSPORTATION INC.,
et al.,
Defendants.
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No. 1:18-cv-01581-JRS-MJD
Entry and Order
Plaintiffs have filed Plaintiffs' Motion for Entry of Default Judgment and Plaintiffs' Motion in Support of Plaintiffs' Claimed Damages. The Court finds that Plaintiffs' motions should be denied.
The First Amended Complaint asserts negligence claims against Atlantic Transportation Inc. and Norman Qualls, arising out of a motor vehicle collision that occurred on September 14, 2017, in Clark County, Indiana. Plaintiffs allege that at the
time of the collision, Defendant Qualls was operating a tractor trailer on behalf of
Defendant Atlantic Transportation and that Defendants proximately caused the collision between the tractor trailer driven by Qualls and Plaintiffs' vehicle. As a result,
Plaintiffs claim they sustained damages.
Plaintiffs' Motion in Support of Plaintiffs' Claimed Damages seeks damages for
David Bates in the sum of $80,000 and damages in the sum of $60,000 for Mary
Smith. (ECF No. 26.) In support of the claimed damages, Plaintiffs submitted: (1)
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the Indiana Officer's Standard Crash Report of the collision, (Pls. Mot., Ex. A, ECF
No. 26-1); (2) a radiology report for Bates of an MRI of the lumbar spine dated October
12, 2017, (Pls. Mot., Ex. B, ECF No. 26-2); (3) a November 6, 2017, lumbar facet injection report for Bates, (Pls. Mot., Ex. C, ECF No. 26-3); (4) a December 4, 2017,
lumbar radiculopathy report for Bates, (Pls. Mot., Ex. D, ECF No. 26-4); (5) an undated orthopedic/neurological evaluation for Bates, (Pls. Mot., Ex. E, ECF No. 26-5);
(6) Bates' medical billing statements totaling $26,040.01, (Pls. Mot., Ex. F, ECF No.
26-6); (7) medical records for treatment for Smith on September 24, 2017, October 6,
2017, and November 1, 2017, (Pls. Mot., Exs. G, H, ECF Nos. 26-7, 26-8); (8) records
for Smith's steroid injections on February 28, 2018, and June 20, 2018, (Pls. Mot.,
Exs. I & J, ECF Nos. 26-9, 26-10); and (9) medical billing records for Smith's treatment, totaling $21,617, (Pls. Mot., Ex. K, ECF No. 26-11).
A default judgment "may not be entered without a hearing on damages unless 'the
amount claimed is liquidated or capable of ascertainment from definite figures contained in the documentary evidence or in detailed affidavits.'" e360 Insight v. Spamhaus Project, 500 F.3d 594, 602 (7th Cir. 2007 (quoting Dundee Cement Co. v. Howard
Pipe & Concrete Prods., Inc., 722 F.2d 1319, 1323 (7th Cir. 1983)). A default judgment
may be entered against a minor or incompetent person only if the person is represented by a general guardian or like fiduciary. Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(b)(2). Under the
Servicemembers Civil Relief Act, 50 U.S.C. § 3901 et seq., a judgment based on a
defendant's failure to appear may not be entered, unless a plaintiff shows by affidavit:
(1) whether or not the defendant is in military service and facts necessary to support
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the affidavit; or (2) that the plaintiff is unable to determine whether or not the defendant is in military service. 50 U.S.C. § 3931(b)(1).
Plaintiffs submitted the affidavit of their lawyer, Robert A. Montgomery, to provide facts as to whether Defendant is a minor, incompetent person, and in the military service. (The affidavit refers only to "Defendant"; it does not expressly name
Defendant Qualls, but the Court assumes that the use of "Defendant" in this instance
refers to Defendant Qualls rather than Defendant Atlantic Transportation, Inc.) The
admissibility of the affidavit is questionable. While the affidavit says that the affiant
was "duly sworn" and is "upon his oath," (ECF No. 12-2), it is not notarized, see Pfeil
v. Rogers, 757 F.2d 850, 859 (7th Cir. 1985) ("An affidavit is a statement reduced to
writing and the truth of which is sworn to before someone who is authorized to administer an oath."); Brooks v. Cmty. Mem'l Hosp. of Menomonee Falls, Inc., No. 17CV-659, 2018 WL 2860019, at *1 (E.D. Wis. June 11, 2018) (declaration stating that
declarant was "duly sworn on oath" was not "actually submitted under oath" because
"it [was] not notarized and it lack[ed] any sort of jurat or seal"); Home Sav. of Am.,
F.A. v. Einhorn, No. 87 C 7390, 1990 WL 114643, at *4 (N.D. Ill. July 24, 1990) ("[A]s
a general rule, affidavits under federal law must evidence that they were sworn to
before someone qualified to administer oaths."). An unsworn declaration may take
the place of an affidavit, but Montgomery's affidavit does not state that any of the
statements contained therein are "true and correct" and under "penalty of perjury,"
and the "duly sworn" language does not demonstrate that the affiant knew he was
signing under the penalty of perjury. See Home Sav. of Am., 1990 WL 114643, at *4.
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Thus, the affidavit is insufficient under 28 U.S.C. § 1746. Furthermore, the affidavit
contains no facts to support the statement that Defendant is not in the military.
The exhibits submitted with the Motion in Support of Claimed Damages are also
insufficient. None of the exhibits are authenticated or otherwise supported by affidavit or unsworn declaration. Moreover, Bates' medical bills were $26,040.01, yet he
seeks damages of $80,000; and Smith's medical bills were $21,617, yet she seeks
$60,000 in total damages, and there is no evidence (such as an affidavit from Plaintiffs) to support their claim for such damages. The claimed damages must be adequately supported by admissible proof.
Conclusion
Plaintiff's Motion for Entry of Default Judgment (ECF No. 20) and Plaintiffs' Motion in Support of Plaintiffs' Claimed Damages (ECF No. 26) are denied. The denial
is without prejudice to filing a properly supported motion for default judgment.
SO ORDERED.
Date: 1/8/2021
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Distribution:
Robert A. Montgomery
LAW OFFICES OF ROBERT A. MONTGOMERY
rm@rmontlaw.com
Norman Qualls
c/o Atlantic Transportation Inc.
233 Tresca Road
Jacksonville, FL 32225
Chief Executive Office
c/o Atlantic Transportation Inc.
233 Tresca Road
Jacksonville, FL 32225
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