Clayton et al v. United States of America et al
Filing
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MEMORANDUM AND ORDER granting in part and denying in part 13 Motion to Dismiss for Lack of Jurisdiction. The motion is granted as to all claims raised by plaintiff Sarah Duff. Sarah Duff is dismissed as a plaintiff. Further, the motion is grant ed as to Counts III and VI. The motion is also granted as to plaintiff's negligent hiring and retention claim in Count II, but denied as to plaintiff's negligent supervision claim in Count II, as well as Counts IV and V. Finally, some of plaintiff's claims may be time-barred. Signed by District Judge Carlos Murguia on 4/11/2018. Mailed to pro se party Mark Wisner by regular mail. (ydm)
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF KANSAS
JEFFREY A. CLAYTON and
SARAH DUFF,
Plaintiffs,
v.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA and
MARK WISNER,
Defendants.
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Case No. 17-2301
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
Plaintiffs Jeffrey Clayton and Sarah Duff bring this case against defendants United States of
America and Mark Wisner, pursuant to the Federal Tort Claims Act (“FTCA”), 28 U.S.C. §§ 1346(b),
2671 and 38 U.S.C. § 7316(a), (f), alleging that Wisner conducted improper and/or unnecessary
physical examinations of plaintiff Jeffrey Clayton and elicited unnecessary private information.
Plaintiffs also allege several state law claims. This matter is before the court on defendant United
States of America’s Motion to Dismiss (Doc. 13). Defendant argues that plaintiffs’ complaint should
be dismissed for lack of subject matter jurisdiction and because it fails to state a claim under Federal
Rules of Civil Procedure 12(b)(1) and (6). For the reasons set forth below, the court grants defendant’s
motion in part and denies it in part.
Plaintiff Jeffrey Clayton is a veteran who sought treatment at the Dwight D. Eisenhower VA
Medical Center (“VA”) located in Leavenworth, Kansas. Wisner treated and provided medical care for
Clayton. Plaintiff Sarah Duff is Clayton’s wife. Wisner was a physician’s assistant (“PA”) for the
VA, and is a defendant in more than eighty pending civil suits before this court.
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The claims in this case are virtually identical to those in a number of other cases this court has
considered. See, e.g., Anasazi v. United States, No. 16-2227-CM, 2017 WL 2264441, at *1–*2 (D.
Kan. May 23, 2017); Doe D. E. v. United States, No. 16-2162-CM, 2017 WL 1908591, at *1–*2 (D.
Kan. May 10, 2017). The court will not repeat the details of them here. Highly summarized, they are:
(1) Count I: Negligence – Medical Malpractice; (2) Count II: Negligent Supervision, Retention and
Hiring; (3) Count III: Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress; (4) Count IV: Outrage; (5) Count V:
Battery; and (6) Count VI: Invasion of Privacy – Intrusion Upon Seclusion.
Likewise, the court has set forth the governing legal standards in a number of other cases
involving the same parties and claims. The court does not repeat them here, but applies them as it has
in the past. See, e.g., Anasazi, 2017 WL 2264441, at *2; Doe D. E., 2017 WL 1908591, at *2.
Plaintiff Sarah Duff
Defendant moves to dismiss the claims of plaintiff Sarah Duff because she failed to file an
administrative claim. Plaintiffs did not respond this argument.
To establish subject matter jurisdiction under the FTCA, a plaintiff must present all causes of
action in an administrative claim. Haceesa v. United States, 309 F.3d 722, 734 (10th Cir. 2002) (“If
there are multiple claimants in an FTCA case, each claimant must individually satisfy the jurisdictional
requirements of filing a proper claim.”) Sarah Duff did not file an administrative claim, and the court
therefore dismisses her claims for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. In any event, as this court has
previously held, Kansas does not recognize a separate cause of action for spousal loss of consortium
due to injuries to the other spouse. Sayre v. City of Lawrence, No. 13-2291-RDR, 2013 WL 4482703,
at *2 (D. Kan. Aug. 21, 2013) (citation omitted). The court would therefore dismiss Sarah Duff’s
claims for loss of consortium even if she had properly exhausted them.
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Because the court dismisses the claims of plaintiff Sarah Duff in their entirety, the references to
“plaintiff” throughout the remainder of this order pertain to plaintiff Jeffrey Clayton.
Scope of Employment
Under the FTCA, the United States has waived its sovereign immunity for injuries caused by
the “negligent or wrongful act or omission” of a federal government employee while that employee is
“acting within the scope of his office or employment, under circumstances where the United States, if a
private person, would be liable to the claimant in accordance with the law of the place where the act or
omission occurred.” 28 U.S.C. § 1346(b).
As defendant acknowledges, this court has repeatedly held that plaintiffs with similar
allegations to those here have sufficiently alleged that Wisner’s conduct was within the scope of his
employment. See, e.g., Doe BF v. United States, No. 17-2088, 2017 WL 4355577, at *4–*5 (D. Kan.
Oct. 2, 2017); Almquist v. United States, No. 17-2108, 2017 WL 4269902, at *4–*5 (D. Kan. Sept. 25,
2017); Anasazi, 2017 WL 2264441, at *4; Doe D. E., 2017 WL 1908591, at *4. The court also has
held that plaintiffs with similar allegations have presented plausible claims that the VA Immunity
Statute applies, allowing them to pursue remedies under the FTCA for claims arising out of a battery.
See, e.g., Doe BF, 2017 WL 4355577, at *5; Almquist, 2017 WL 4269902, at *5; Anasazi, 2017 WL
2264441, at *5; Doe D. E., 2017 WL 1908591, at *4. The court likewise allows plaintiff to proceed in
this case.
Statute of Repose
Defendant claims that at least some of plaintiff’s claims are barred by Kansas’s four-year
statute of repose. See Kan. Stat. Ann. § 60-513(c) (stating that, with respect to a “cause of action
arising out of the rendering of or the failure to render professional services by a health care provider,”
“in no event shall such an action be commenced more than four years beyond the time of the act giving
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rise to the cause of action”). Plaintiff disagrees, referencing four arguments made in other cases in
opposition to defendant’s position: (1) Section 60-513(c) does not apply to plaintiff’s claims because
Wisner was not a “health care provider”; (2) In any event, § 60-513(c) does not apply to plaintiff’s
claim for battery; (3) The FTCA’s administrative process tolls the statute of repose; and (4) Equitable
estoppel tolls the statute of repose.
As plaintiff acknowledges, the court has addressed all four of these arguments a number of
times. First, Wisner was a health care provider, making § 60-513(c) applicable. See, e.g., Doe BF,
2017 WL 4355577, at *2; Almquist, 2017 WL 4269902, at *2. Second, § 60-513(c) applies to all of
plaintiff’s claims, including battery. See, e.g., Doe BF, 2017 WL 4355577, at *2; Almquist, 2017 WL
4269902, at *2. Third, the FTCA administrative process tolls the statute of repose. See, e.g., Doe BF,
2017 WL 4355577, at *3; Almquist, 2017 WL 4269902, at *3. And fourth, equitable estoppel does not
further toll the statute of repose. See, e.g., Doe BF, 2017 WL 4355577, at **3–*4; Almquist, 2017 WL
4269902, at *3–*4.
In this case, the impact of these rulings is that some of plaintiff’s claims may be barred by the
statute of repose. In his complaint, plaintiff alleges that he saw Wisner on multiple occasions between
2012 and 2014. Taking these allegations as true, some of plaintiff’s claims may have happened before
June 6, 2012, which was four years before plaintiff filed an administrative claim. Any such claims are
therefore barred by the statute of repose.
Count II – Negligent Supervision, Hiring, and Retention
The court has previously dismissed other plaintiffs’ claims for negligent hiring and retention
based on the discretionary function exception to the FTCA. See, e.g., Doe BF, 2017 WL 4355577, at
*5–*6; Almquist, 2017 WL 4269902, at *5–*6; Anasazi, 2017 WL 2264441, at *8–*9; Doe D. E., 2017
WL 1908591, at *8. The same analysis applies here.
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As for the negligent supervision claim, the court has allowed this claim to proceed in the past.
See, e.g., Doe BF, 2017 WL 4355577, at *6; Almquist, 2017 WL 4269902, at *6; Anasazi, 2017 WL
2264441, at *7; Doe D. E., 2017 WL 1908591, at *6. For the reasons the court has set forth in other
related opinions, defendant’s motion is denied with respect to plaintiff’s claim for negligent
supervision.
Counts III and IV – Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress and Outrage
As this court has previously held, a claim for negligent infliction of emotional distress must
include a qualifying physical injury. Majors v. Hillebrand, 349 P.3d 1283, 1285 (Kan. Ct. App. 2015).
This rule does not apply, however, when the conduct is willful or wanton. Id. (citing Hoard v.
Shawnee Mission Med. Ctr., 662 P.2d 1214, 1219–20 (Kan. 1983)). Plaintiff attempts again to plead a
plausible claim by alleging willful conduct, but this court has already held that this characterization of
plaintiff’s claim is duplicative of plaintiff’s outrage claim. Again, the court dismisses plaintiff’s claim
for negligent infliction of emotional distress in part for failure to allege a physical injury and in part as
duplicative of the outrage claim.
The court has allowed plaintiffs to proceed with outrage claims in all of the cases previously
identified. See, e.g., Doe BF, 2017 WL 4355577, at *7; Almquist, 2017 WL 4269902, at *7; Anasazi,
2017 WL 2264441, at *10; Doe D. E., 2017 WL 1908591, at *9–*10. Plaintiff has once again placed
his outrage claim outside the discretionary function exception.
Count VI – Invasion of Privacy
Finally, the court has repeatedly addressed plaintiff’s allegations for invasion of privacy and
found that they fail to state a claim. See, e.g., Anasazi, 2017 WL 2264441, at *10–*11; Doe D. E.,
2017 WL 1908591, at *10. Plaintiff has not made any arguments here that justify altering the court’s
analysis. This claim is therefore dismissed for the same reasons previously given.
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IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that defendant’s motion to dismiss (Doc. 13) is granted in
part and denied in part. The motion is granted as to all claims raised by plaintiff Sarah Duff. Sarah
Duff is dismissed as a plaintiff. Further, the motion is granted as to Counts III and VI. The motion is
also granted as to plaintiff’s negligent hiring and retention claim in Count II, but denied as to plaintiff’s
negligent supervision claim in Count II, as well as Counts IV and V. Finally, some of plaintiff’s
claims may be time-barred.
Dated this 11th day of April, 2018, at Kansas City, Kansas.
s/ Carlos Murguia____________
CARLOS MURGUIA
United States District Judge
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