Broyles v. Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. et al
Filing
817
RULING granting #600 Motion in Limine and #595 Motion in Limine is DENIED. All untimely expert reports identified, including those submitted by both the plaintiffs and defendants, are STRICKEN. Signed by Judge James J. Brady on 8/10/2016. (LLH)
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
MIDDLE DISTRICT OF LOUISIANA
JOSEPH N. BROYLES, ET AL.
CIV. ACTION NO.: 3:10-857-JJB-CBW c/w
v.
CIV. ACTION NO.: 3:10-854-JJB-CBW
CANTOR FITZGERALD & CO., ET AL.
THIS DOCUMENT APPLIES TO CIVIL ACTION NO. 3:10-857.
RULING
This matter is before the Court on two Motions in Limine. The first is a Motion to Strike
Untimely Supplemental Expert Reports (Doc. 600) brought by the plaintiffs, the CA Funds.1 The
S&Y defendants, 2 filed an opposition (Doc. 670). The second is a Motion to Strike the Untimely
Expert Report of Dr. Joseph Mason (Doc. 595), to which the Commonwealth defendants 3 filed an
opposition (Doc. 629). Oral argument is unnecessary. For the reasons stated herein, the plaintiffs’
Motion in Limine (Doc. 600) is GRANTED and the plaintiffs’ Motion in Limine (Doc. 595) is
DENIED.
I.
BACKGROUND
The basic facts of this case have been outlined by this Court in several previous rulings,
and will not be reiterated herein. See, e.g., Doc. 274.
Pursuant to the Court’s Scheduling Order (Doc. 322), the plaintiffs were required to submit
their expert reports by February 12, 2016, and the defendants were required to submit their expert
The “CA Funds” includes: CA High Yield Fund, L.L.C.; CA High Yield Offshore Fund, Ltd.; CA Core Fixed Income
Fund, L.L.C.; CA Core Fixed Income Offshore, Ltd.; CA Strategic Equity Fund, L.L.C.; CA Strategic Equity Offshore
Fund, Ltd.; Sand Spring Capital III, Ltd.; Sand Spring Capital III, L.L.C.; and Sand Spring Capital III Master Fund,
L.L.C. Pls.’ Supp. Mem. 1 n.1, Doc. 600-1.
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The “S&Y defendants” includes: Stone & Youngberg, L.L.C.; Stifel Financial Corporation; Stifel Nicolaus & Co.,
Inc.; and Anthony Guaimano. S&Y Defs.’ Opp’n 1 n.1, Doc. 670.
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The “Commonwealth defendants” includes: Commonwealth Advisors, Inc. and Walter Morales. Commonwealth
Defs.’ Opp’n 1, Doc. 629.
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reports by March 11, 2016. The Court also set forth the following deadlines: “Expert discovery,
including depositions of expert witnesses, shall be completed by April 29, 2016, and motions in
limine and Daubert motions shall be filed by May 13, 2016.” Order, Doc. 458 (extending the
deadline for expert discovery and motions in limine set forth in the original Scheduling Order
(Doc. 322)).
Based on the information provided to the Court, both parties submitted several timely
expert reports. Pls.’ Supp. Mem. 1, Doc. 600-1 (stating that the S&Y defendants timely submitted
five expert reports of March 11, 2016); S&Y Defs.’ Opp’n 1, Doc. 670 (stating that the initial report
deadlines were met). However, both parties also submitted expert reports after their respective
deadlines of February 12 (plaintiffs) and March 11 (defendants). For example, the plaintiffs
submitted three “rebuttal” expert reports in April of 2016. See S&Y Defs.’ Opp’n 2, Doc. 670
(discussing Urban’s rebuttal report (April 1, 2016), Monteleone’s rebuttal report (April 11, 2016),
and Witham’s rebuttal report (April 11, 2016)). Likewise, the S&Y defendants filed three
“supplemental” expert reports in May of 2016. See Pls.’ Supp. Mem. 1, Doc. 600-1 (citing Laursen
Reply Expert R., Doc. 600-2 (May 11, 2016); Hilton Suppl. Expert R., Doc. 600-3 (May 11, 2016);
Favret Rebuttal Expert R., Doc. 600-4 (May 2, 2016)). Additionally, on May 11, 2016, the
Commonwealth defendants produced a report from Dr. Joseph Mason (“Dr. Mason”), a witness
who had not previously been identified as a potential expert witness in this case. Pls.’ Supp. Mem.
1–2, Doc. 595-1.
The plaintiffs contend that: (1) the S&Y and Commonwealth defendants violated the
Scheduling Order and, thus, Federal Rule of Civil Procedure (“Rule”) 26(a)(2), by producing
expert reports in May of 2016; and (2) as a result, the Court should strike these reports in their
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entirety, pursuant to Rule 37(c). Pls.’ Supp. Mem. 2–4, 8–10, Doc. 600-1; Pls.’ Supp. Mem. 2–4,
Doc. 595-1.
II.
S&Y DEFENDANTS’ EXPERT REPORTS (DOC. 600)
A.
Timeliness
The plaintiffs argue that the S&Y defendants’ untimely reports do not fall under the S&Y
defendants’ duty to supplement disclosures under Rule 26(e) because that rule has been narrowly
interpreted to only allow supplemental reports for the purpose of “correcting inaccuracies or
adding information that was not available at the time of the initial report.” Id. at 2 (quoting Mineba
Co. v. Papst, 231 F.R.D. 3, 6 (D.D.C. 2005)). According to the plaintiffs, the S&Y defendants’
supplemental reports instead contain entirely new expert opinions. Id. at 3. The S&Y defendants
contend, however, that they were required to supplement their expert reports under Rule
26(e)(1)(A) based on the information provided in the plaintiffs’ rebuttal reports and subsequent
depositions of those experts. S&Y Defs.’ Opp’n 2, Doc. 670. Moreover, the S&Y defendants argue
that the plaintiffs’ rebuttal reports were untimely and “never should have been submitted.”4 Id.
According to Rule 26(a)(2)(D), a party must disclose expert testimony “at the times and in
the sequence that the court orders.” In a prior unrelated case, this Court held that a Scheduling
Order that used identical language to the Scheduling Order in this case (Doc. 322), did not permit
production of rebuttal or supplemental reports after the deadline set for expert reports. Terrebone
Par. NAACP v. Jindal, No. 14-069, 2015 WL 5943400, at *2 (M.D. La. Oct. 13, 2015) (“[T]he
Scheduling Order would have specifically provided a deadline for disclosure of supplemental
reports had the Court intended for those to be filed after [the deadline for expert reports].”)).
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According to the S&Y defendants, they informed the plaintiffs that the Scheduling Order did not permit production
of rebuttal or supplemental expert reports and, at that time, reserved their right to produce a supplemental report if the
plaintiffs did so. S&Y Defs.’ Opp’n 1, Doc. 670 (citing emails between counsel (Docs. 670-1 & 670-2)).
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Here, the Court’s Scheduling Order unambiguously stated that the plaintiffs’ expert reports
were due by February 12, 2016, and that the defendants’ expert reports were due by March 11,
2016. Scheduling Order, Doc. 322. Accordingly, the rebuttal and supplemental reports provided
after those dates, in April and May of 2016 respectively, were not provided at the time and in the
sequence the Court ordered. See Terrebone Par. NAACP v. Jindal, No. 14-069, 2015 WL 5943400,
at *2 (M.D. La. Oct. 13, 2015). Therefore, each party violated the terms of the Court’s Scheduling
Order by filing expert reports approximately two months after their respective deadlines.
B.
Exclusion of Evidence
Pursuant to Rule 37(c), if a party fails to provide information or identify a witness as
required by Rule 26(a), the party is not allowed to use that information or witness to supply
evidence on a motion, at a hearing, or at trial, unless the failure was “substantially justified” or is
“harmless.” Four factors are relevant to this determination: (1) the explanation for the failure to
comply with the discovery order; (2) the importance of the testimony; (3) potential prejudice in
allowing the testimony; and (4) the availability of a continuance to cure such prejudice.” See Betzel
v. State Farm Lloyds, 480 F.3d 704, 707 (5th Cir. 2007); Sierra Club, Lone State Chapter v. Cedar
Point Oil Co., 73 F.3d 546, 572 (5th Cir. 1996).
After reviewing the parties’ briefs, the Court finds that the failure to disclose was not
substantially justified or harmless. The parties’ explanations for their failure to comply with the
discovery order are unpersuasive. Likewise, the explanation for the importance of the testimony
being offered is inadequate. Additionally, considering the current stage of this litigation, the
potential prejudice in allowing the testimony at this late stage, and the highly contentious nature
of discovery in this case, the untimely reports should be stricken.
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III.
COMMONWEALTH DEFENDANTS’ EXPERT REPORT (DOC. 595)
A.
Timeliness
The plaintiffs argue that the Commonwealth defendants’ untimely expert report has
prejudiced them because they were not provided with a meaningful opportunity to examine the
report and depose Dr. Mason. Pls.’ Supp. Mem. 2, Doc. 595-1. The Commonwealth defendants’
argue, however, that Dr. Mason will not testify at trial and therefore they were under no duty to
disclose his expert report under Rule 26(a)(2)(A) or (B).5 Commonwealth Defs.’ Opp’n 2–4, Doc.
629.
Although Rule 26(a)(2) requires a party to disclose expert testimony, subpart (A) makes
clear that this requirement only applies to “any witness [the party] may use a trial to present
evidence under Federal Rule of Evidence 702, 703, or 705.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(a)(2)(A) (emphasis
added). Here, the Commonwealth defendants have represented to this Court that Dr. Mason only
intends on testifying at the Commonwealth defendants’ Daubert hearing to exclude the plaintiffs’
expert Dr. Youngblood6—“Dr. Mason will not testify at trial.” Commonwealth Defs.’ Opp’n 2,
Doc. 629 (citing Email from Fredrick R. Tulley, to Kirk Reasonover (May 12, 2016), Doc. 629-1).
Because Dr. Mason will not be “use[d] at trial,” disclosure of his report is not governed by Rule
26(a)(2). Therefore, Dr. Mason’s testimony is permitted under Rule 26 for the limited purpose
described by the Commonwealth defendants.
The Commonwealth defendants also argue that Dr. Mason’s report was timely because it was disclosed within the
30 day window contemplated by Rule 26(a)(2)(D)(ii) for rebuttal reports. Commonweatlh Defs.’ Opp’n 2–4, Doc. 629.
Reliance on subsection (D)(ii), however, is misplaced. Under Rule 26(a)(2)(D), the Court’s scheduling order
governs—the 30 day time period only applies “[a]bsent a stipulation or a court order[.]” Rule 26(a)(2)(D).
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According to the Commonwealth defendants, Dr. Mason’s report only became relevant after the plaintiffs’ expert
Witham presented information in a deposition and rebuttal report, which demonstrated that his previous report and the
report of plaintiffs’ expert Dr. Youngblood were misleading. Commonwealth Defs.’ Opp’n 2–3, Doc. 629. As the
Court previously noted, Witham’s rebuttal report was untimely and is henceforth stricken.
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IV.
CONCLUSION
For the reasons stated above, the plaintiffs’ Motion in Limine (Doc. 600) is GRANTED
and the plaintiffs’ Motion in Limine (Doc. 595) is DENIED.
IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that all untimely expert reports identified above, including
those submitted by both the plaintiffs and the defendants, are STRICKEN.
Signed in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, on August 10, 2016.
JUDGE JAMES J. BRADY
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
MIDDLE DISTRICT OF LOUISIANA
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