Germain v. Bishop, Jr. et al
Filing
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MEMORANDUM Signed by Judge J. Frederick Motz on 1/12/2016. (cags, Deputy Clerk)
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF MARYLAND
JEAN B. GERMAIN
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Plaintiff
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v
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FRANK BISHOP, JR., et al.
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Civil Action No. JFM-15-1885
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Defendants
MEMORANDUM
Pending is defendants'
court-ordered response (ECF 8) as supplemented (ECF 10) to
plaintiff s motion for preliminary injunction (ECF 3 and 5), alleging he has been denied access to
courts and deprived of legal documents relating to his criminal conviction.
claims asserted, defendants' response, and plaintiffs
stated below, plaintiffs
Upon review of the
reply thereto (ECF 9), and for the reasons
request for injunctive relief shall be denied as moot and the complaint
dismissed.
Background
Plaintiff filed a petition for post-conviction relief in the Circuit Court for Prince George's
County, which was docketed on December 9, 2012. ECF 1 at p. 5. On June 10,2015, plaintiff
wrote an amended petition and asked his case manager to copy the relevant portion of his
sentencing transcript by placing it in the case manager's mail box, located on the tier. Plaintiff
wanted to get the material in the mail box prior to 6 am so his case manager would have it back
to him by 6:30 am. ld. at p. 6. At 11:45 pm plaintiff claims Officer Parsons was conducting the
tier walk and plaintiff asked Parsons to put his papers for copy work into his case manager's mail
box.
Parsons agreed to do so, but instead of doing so he walked off the tier with all of the
paperwork. ld at p. 7.
In the response to show cause, counsel for the Division of Correction provide a
declaration under oath from Officer Parsons stating he never withheld or failed to forward any of
plaintiff's
copy requests.
ECF 8 at Ex. 3. Additionally, Case Manager Charlotte Zies also
provides a declaration under oath and explains that plaintiff s request for copies related to his
post-conviction case were in fact received on January 1,2015.
Id. at Ex. 4 and 5.
Because the
copies requested were so numerous and involved double-sided documents, assistance from
clerical staff was required. Id. at Ex. 5. Copies of the legal materials were provided to plaintiff
on January 7, 2015, and the transcript excerpts, which are the subject of the instant motion for
preliminary injunction, were filed with'the Circuit Court for Prince George's County. Id. at Ex.
I, p. 7. In the supplemental response to show cause, counsel states that copies of the trial
transcripts filed in plaintiff's
post-conviction
case were obtained by the Attorney General's
office and provided to plaintiff. ECF 10.
In this court's order of July 6, 2015, plaintiff's claim regarding the warden's policy which
requires indigent inmates to pay for certified mail delivery fees once there is money in their
accounts to pay for it, was dismissed. ECF 4. In his amended motion for preliminary injunction
(ECF 5), plaintiff seeks an injunction prohibiting defendants from requiring him to bear the
expense of sending out legal mail by certified mail.
Specifically, plaintiff argues that if he is
required to use regular mail to send a notice to the State Treasurer under the Maryland Tort
Claims Act (MTCA) and the treasurer does not acknowledge
obstructed from pursuing the claim. /d. at p. 2.
receipt of the claim, he is
Plaintiff s assertion is without merit. He has
presented no evidence or viable argument regarding why he should not bear the cost of certified
mail delivery when it is his choice to utilize that method of delivery.
There is nothing in the
constitution that guarantees plaintiff free certified mail at the expense of the state simply because
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he is incarcerated.
Moreover, the challenged policy does not deny plaintiff the use of certified
mail at times where certified mail is required by court rules. See ECF 5-1 at pp. 17 - 18.
The
motion to amend the motion for preliminary injunction (ECF 5) shall be denied.
Analysis
A preliminary injunction is an extraordinary and drastic remedy. See Munafv. Geren, 553
U.S. 674, 689-90 (2008). To obtain a preliminary injunction, a movant must demonstrate:
1)
that he is likely to succeed on the merits; 2) that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the
absence of preliminary relief; 3) that the balance of equities tips in his favor; and 4) that an
injunction is in the public interest. See Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc, 555
U.S. 7,20 (2008); The Real Truth About Obama, Inc. v. Federal Election Commission, 575 F.3d
342,346 (4th Cir. 2009), vacated on other grounds, 559 U.S. 1089 (2010), reinstated in relevant
part on remand, 607 F.3d 355 (4th Cir. 2010) (per curiam).
Article III of the Constitution limits the judicial power to "actual, ongoing cases or
controversies." Lewis v. Continental Bank Corp., 494 U.S. 472, 477(1990) (citations omitted). A
case becomes moot when the issues presented are "no longer 'live' or the parties lack a legally
cognizable interest in the outcome." City of Erie v. Pap's A.M,
529 U.S. 277, 287(2000)
(quoting County of Los Angeles v. Davis, 440 U.S. 625, 631 (1979)).
Where injunctive or
declaratory relief is requested in an inmate's complaint, it is possible for events occurring
subsequent to the filing of the complaint to render the matter moot. See Williams v. Griffin, 952
F.2d 820, 823 (4th Cir. 1991) (transfer of prisoner moots his Eighth Amendment claims for
injunctive and declaratory relief); see also Slade v. Hampton Roads Regional Jail, 407 F.3d 243,
248-49 (4th Cir. 2005) (pre-trial detainee's release moots his claim for injunctive relief); Magee
v. Waters, 810 F.2d 451, 452 (4th Cir. 1987) (holding that the transfer of a prisoner rendered
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moot his claim for injunctive relief). Section 1983 actions seeking injunctive and/or declaratory
relief have been declared moot when the practices, procedures, or regulations challenged were no
longer in use. See, e. g., Tawwab v. Metz, 554 F.2d 22 (2d Cir. 1977); Bradley v. Judges of
Superior Court, 531 F.2d 413 (9th Cir. 1976); Shimabuku v. Britton, 503 F.2d 38 (lOth Cir.
1974); Locke v. Board of Public Instruction, 499 F.2d 359 (5th Cir. 1974); Wilkinson v. Skinner,
462 F.2d 670 (2d Cir. 1972); Uzzell v. Friday, 401 F.Supp. 775 (M.D.N.C.l975),
affd in
pertinent part, 547 F.2d 801 (4th Cir. 1977); Rappaport v. Little League Baseball, Inc., 65 F.R.D.
545 (D.DeI.1975).
Analysis
Plaintiffs request for injunctive relief with respect to his trial transcripts was made moot
when he was provided with copies of those documents.
To the extent that the policy regarding
fees for certified mail was not, on one occasion, followed by correctional staff when plaintiff
attempted to effect service of process through the use of certified mail, no actual injury has been
established.
Further, at the time the complaint
was filed, plaintiff
had not exhausted
administrative remedies. That claim shall be dismissed without prejudice.
A separate order follows.
15/
J. Frederick Motz
United States District Judge
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